高考英语一轮复习限时阅读训练18 5页

‎2019届高考英语一轮复习限时阅读训练18‎ A The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails， and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.‎ ‎　 Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example， we saw earlier that among the Ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone——far from it. ‎ Secondly， common sense tells us that day care would not so widespread today if parents， caretakers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out， and even if they were， the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.‎ Thirdly， in the last decade， there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care， and they have reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children's development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue. But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say，more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. ‎ Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy，and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter， then，is far from clear-cut，though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.‎ ‎51.This passage primarily argues that ___. A infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schools. B whether children under the age of three should be sent to nursery schools. C there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they are three. D there is some negative effect on children when they are sent to school after the age of three.‎ ‎52.The phrase “predispose to” （Para. 1，line 2） most probably means ___. A tend to suffer B get into C get into dispose to D lead to ‎53.According to Bowlby's analysis，it is quite possible that ___.‎ A Children's personalities will be changed to some extent through separation from their parents.‎ B children will be exposed to many negative effects from early day care later on.‎ C early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children. D some long-term effects can hardly be reduced from children's development.‎ ‎54.It is implied but not stated in the second paragraph that ___. A traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early age. B Children in modern societies cause more troubles than those in traditional societies. C A child did not live together with his parents among the Ngoni. D Children in some societies did not have emotional problems when separated from the parents.‎ ‎55.The writer concludes that ___. A it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery school. B It is not settled now whether early care is reasonable for children. C It is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery school. D It is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school.‎ ‎ B ‎ There’s an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. Millions of us get up each morning already weary over the day holds. “I just can’t get started.” People say. But it’s not physical energy that most of us lack. Sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. But in truth, people are healthier today than at any time in history. I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body.‎ What you’re seeking is not physical energy. It’s emotional energy. Yet, sad to say life sometimes seems designed to exhaust our supply. We work too hard. We have family obligations (义务). We encounter (遭遇) emergencies and personal crises. No wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue (疲劳), a kind of utter exhaustion of the spirit.‎ And yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. Even as a child I observed people who were poor or disabled or ill, but who nevertheless faced life with optimism and vigor (活力). Consider Laura Hillenbrand, who despite ‎ an extremely weak body wrote the best-seller Seabiscuit. Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of bed to write. But she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. It was emotional energy that helped her succeed. Unlike physical energy, which is finite (有限的) and diminishes (减少) with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. So how do you get it? You can’t simply tell yourself to be positive. You must take action. Here are six practical strategies that work.‎ ‎1. Do something new.‎ Very little that’s new occurs in our lives. The impact of this sameness on our emotional energy is gradual, but huge: It’s like a tire(轮胎) with a slow leak（漏）. You don’t notice it at first, but eventually you’ll get a flat. It’s up to you to plug the leak—even though there are always a dozen reasons to stay stuck in your dull routines of life. That’s where Maura, 36, a waitress, found herself a year ago. Fortunately, Maura had a lifeline—a group of women friends who meet ‎ regularly to discuss their lives. Their lively discussions spurred Maura to make small but nevertheless life altering changes. She joined a gym in the next town. She changed her look with a short haircut and new black T-shirts. Eventually, Maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business. Here’s a challenge: If it’s something you wouldn’t ordinarily do, do it. Try ‎ a dish you’ve never eaten. Listen to music you’d ordinarily tune out. You’ll discover these small things add to your emotional energy.‎ ‎2. Reclaim life’s meaning. ‎ So many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, but that somewhere along the line things went stale (厌倦的). The first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. A case in point is Ivy, 57, a pioneer in investment banking. “I mistakenly believed that all the money I made would mean ‎ something.” she says. “But I feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life.” Ivy’s solution? She started a program that shows Wall Streeters how to donate time and money to poor children. In the process, Ivy filled her life with meaning.‎ ‎3. Put yourself in the fun zone.‎ Most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived（缺乏的）. High-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. A real estate broker I know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients（客户）. “I love imagining what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care,” she says. “It’s a challenge—and the least desirable properties are usually the most fun.” We all define fun differently, of course, but I can guarantee this: If you put just a bit of it into your day, you energy will increase quickly.‎ ‎4. Bid farewell （告别）to guilt and regret.‎ Everyone’s past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. But from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from moving forward. While they can’t merely be willed away, I do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened in the past, nothing can change that. Holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present.‎ ‎5. Make up your mind.‎ Say you’ve been thinking about cutting your hair short. Will it look stylish—or too extreme? You endlessly think it over. Having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. Every time you can’t decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. Quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and don’t look back.‎ ‎6. Give to get.‎ Emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. This is the difference between emotional and physical energy with the latter. You have to get it to be able to give it. With the former, however, you get it by giving it. Start by asking everyone you meet, “How are you?” as if you really want to know, and then listen to the reply. Be the one who hears. Most of us also need to smile more often. If you don’t smile at the person you love first thing in the morning, you’re sucking energy out of your relationship. Finally, help another person—and make the help real, concrete. Give a massage to someone you love, or cook her dinner, then, expand the circle to work. Try asking yourself what you’d do if your goal were to be ‎ helpful rather than efficient. After all, if it’s true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure that what’s circulating around you is the good stuff?‎ ‎56. Laura Hillenbrand is an example quoted to show how ________ in life.‎ A. physical energy can contribute to one’s unsuccess B. emotional energy can contribute to one’s success C. physical energy can contribute to one’s success D. emotional energy can contribute to one’s unsuccess ‎57. The author believes emotional energy is ________.‎ A. inherited and genetically determined B. related to inherited and genes C. not inherited and genetically determined D. related to inherited and upbringing ‎58. Even small changes people make in their lives ________ their emotional energy.‎ A. cannot help control B. cannot help increase ‎ C. can help control D. can help increase ‎ ‎59. Ivy filled her life with meaning by launching a program to ________. ‎ A. help herself B. teach herself C. teach poor children D. help poor children ‎60. The real-estate broker the author knows enjoyed ________.‎ A. redecorating the houses B. mentally redecorating the houses C. the same day-to-day work D. defining fun differently BBBCD BCDDB