北京市密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练14及答案 10页

密云区2019高考英语阅读理解系列训练（14）及答案 社会生活类--- [2019·江西卷] ‎ ‎ For those who make journeys across the world, the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villages. Distances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as they walked from village to village. Jet planes fly people from one end of the earth to the other, allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years ago.‎ ‎ Yet some people wonder if the revolution in travel has gone too far. A price has been paid, they say, for the conquest (征服) of time and distance. Travel_is_something_to_be_enjoyed,_not_endured (忍受). The boat offers leisure and time enough to appreciate the everchanging sights and sounds of a journey. A journey by train also has a special charm about it. Lakes and forests and wild, open plains sweeping past your carriage window create a grand view in which time and distance mean nothing. On board a plane, however, there is just the blank blue of the sky filling the narrow windows of the airplane. The soft lighting, inflight films and gentle music make up the only world you know, and the hours progress slowly.‎ Then there is the time spent being ‘processed’ at a modern airport. People are conveyed like robots along walkways; baggage is weighed, tickets produced, examined and produced yet again before the passengers move to another waiting area. Journeys by rail and sea take longer, yes, but the hours devoted to being ‘processed’ at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absent.No wonder, then, that the modern highspeed trains are winning back passengers from the airlines. ‎ Man, however, is now a world traveler and cannot turn his back on the airplane. The working lives of too many people depend upon it; whole new industries have been built around its design and operation. The holidaymaker, too, with limited time to spend, patiently endures the busy airports and the limited space of the flight to gain those extra hours and even days, relaxing in the sun. Speed controls people's lives; time saved, in work or play, is the important thing—or so we are told. Perhaps those first horsemen, riding free across the wild, open plains, were enjoying a better world than the one we know today. They could travel at will, and the clock was not their master.‎ ‎71. What does the writer try to express in Paragraph 1?‎ ‎ A. Travel by plane has speeded up the growth of villages.‎ ‎ B. The speed of modern travel has made distances relatively short.‎ ‎ C. The freedom of movement has helped people realize their dreams.‎ ‎ D. Man has been fond of traveling rather than staying in one place.‎ ‎72. How does the writer support the underlined statement in Paragraph 2?‎ ‎ A. By giving instructions. ‎ B. By analyzing cause and effect.‎ ‎ C. By following the order of time. ‎ D. By giving examples.‎ ‎73. According to Paragraph 3, passengers are turning back to modern highspeed trains because________.‎ ‎ A. they pay less for the tickets ‎ B. they feel safer during the travel ‎ C. they can enjoy higher speed of travel ‎ D. they don't have to waste time being ‘processed’‎ ‎74. What does the last sentence of the passage mean?‎ ‎ A. They could enjoy free and relaxing travel.‎ ‎ B. They needed the clock to tell the time.‎ ‎ C. They preferred traveling on horseback.‎ ‎ D. They could travel with their master.‎ ‎75. What is the main idea of the passage?‎ ‎ A. Air travel benefits people and industries.‎ ‎ B. Train travel has some advantages over air travel.‎ ‎ C. Great changes have taken place in modern travel.‎ ‎ D. The high speed of air travel is gained at a cost.‎ ‎【要点综述】本文为议论文。主要就当今一些人追求有速度的旅游提出了自己的看法，作者建议人们不妨不坐飞机，改乘其他交通工具，好好欣赏人生的旅途。‎ ‎71. B　主旨大意题。由第一段的一些信息，例如“…has turned the countries into a series of villages. Distances between them appear no greater to…Jet planes fly people from one end of the earth to the other…”可知第一段主要是想表达现代旅游的速度使旅途变得相当快。‎ ‎72. D　推理判断题。画线词后面介绍了乘船旅游的悠然自在以及坐火车旅游的迷人；同时，还列举了坐飞机的缺点，由此可知作者主要通过举例的方法来支持画线句的观点。‎ ‎73. D　细节理解题。本段中 “Then there is the time spent being ‘processed’ at a modern airport …” 的内容可知转向坐高铁是因为他们没有必要浪费时间走到机场的“路程”。‎ ‎74. A　细节理解题。本文的最后一句提到，他们能按照自己的意愿来旅游，时钟不是他们的主人，言外之意就是，他们能不受时间的限制，享受自由的旅游，故选A项。‎ ‎75.‎ ‎ D　主旨大意题。本文第一段提到了飞机旅途之快，第二、三段提到了飞机旅途不能欣赏其旅程以及要走到机场这一路程，第四段提到了一些人还得依靠飞机旅途，但也提到这种方式不能让人充分享受旅途的自由，综观全文可知本文主要讲述了飞机旅途的得与失。‎ ‎*******************************************************结束[来源:Z*xx*k.Com]‎ ‎3‎ Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal (信号). Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.‎ Different cultures emphasize (强调) the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in "small talk", usually over a glass of tea, before they do any job. In many European countries -- like the UK or France -- people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or caf6s rather than at the office.‎ Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.‎ Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.‎ People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment (多元文化环境) will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.‎ ‎72. In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to _______.‎ ‎ A. develop closer relations B. share the same culture ‎ C. get to know each other D. keep each other company ‎73. The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that _________.‎ ‎ A. the English prefer to make long speeches ‎ B. too many words are of no use ‎ C. people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature ‎ D. even talk and silence can be culturally different ‎74. According to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better?‎ ‎ A. By sharing different ways of life. B. By accepting different habits.‎ ‎ C. By recognizing different values. D. By speaking each other' s languages.‎ ‎75. What would be the best title for the text?‎ ‎ A. Multicultural Environment. B. Cross-Cultural Differences.‎ ‎ C. How to Understand Each Other. D. How to Build Up a Relationship.‎ ‎3答案 72.D 73.D 74.C 75.B ‎******************************************************结束 The cultural and natural values of Kakadu‎ ‎National Park were recognized internationally when the Park was placed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. This is an international register of properties that are recognized as having outstanding cultural or natural values of international significance. Kakadu is the largest national park in Australia and is the second largest national park in the world. Kakadu is a biological wonderland, which is almost 8,000 square miles. The wildlife in Kakadu‎ ‎National Park includes over 280 kinds of birds, 60 kinds of native mammals, 55 kinds of freshwater fish, thousands of insects, and many reptiles, the most famous of which is the salt-water crocodile. All life in the park depends on water.‎ Kakadu is not only home to the wildlife but the area is also famous for the longest continuous human culture that exists in the world. Aborigines have been living in this area for at least 40,000 years. The descendants(后裔) of these First Australians still live in Kakadu today. Kakadu contains one of the longest continuous records of rock art in the world, with around 5,000 paintings, with rock sites dating back 25,000 years. More than 1,000 sites have been recorded. Kakadu has been given double World Heritage status by the United Nations. It is one of only 17 of the 469 World heritage Areas listed for both natural and cultural values.[来源:1ZXXK]‎ It is Australia’s largest national park, but it isn’t just the size that surprises visitors—it is the ‎ sense of something very old and grand. Creation of the ‎500 km escarpment (悬崖) began 2,000 million years ago. Today those gorges are filled with rainforests, washed by waterfalls.‎ ‎    Kakadu is one of the world’s special places. It is hard to pick the ideal time to visit Kakadu. In the wet season large areas of the park are closed to the public. It would not be possible to enter or exit from the park through the Kakadu Highway. Most of the people there agree that the best time to visit is at the end of the dry season. Some areas of Kakadu have restricted visiting times, and some are not open to the general public. Over 230 000 tourists visit Kakadu‎ ‎National Park every year. As you enter Kakadu‎ ‎National Park, you will be required to buy a permit. Part of this money is paid to the Traditional Owners of the land and the rest is given to the repairs of the park.‎ ‎6. Why does the author mention so much wildlife in Paragraph 1?‎ ‎   A. To represent the scene of the nature.     ‎ B. To attract readers’ attention.‎ ‎   C. To take the wildlife for example.           ‎ D. To show the value of the park.‎ ‎7. Kakadu is given double World Heritage status by the United Nations because of ___.‎ ‎   A. the descendants of these First Australians still in Kakadu today ‎   B. the particular environment and the unusual rock art ‎   C. the longest continuous human culture that exists in the world ‎   D. Aborigines living in this area for at least 40,000 years ‎8. The followings are mentioned in the passage except _____.‎ ‎   A. living things in Kakadu                                        ‎ B. the escarpment and the gorges ‎   C. the history of the park                                          ‎ D. the weather of the area ‎9. The underlined word gorges in Paragraph 3 means _____.‎ ‎   A. narrow valleys between hills or mountains            ‎ B. buildings where cases are determined ‎   C. large and open structures for sports events           ‎ D. places where something is located ‎10. What does the author advise visitors to do when they go to Kakadu?[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎   A. To get more information about the special place.‎ ‎   B. To make a better choice between the wet or dry season.‎ ‎   C. Not to enter the national park without permission.‎ ‎   D. Not to go there through the Kakadu Highway. ‎ 参考答案 DBCAB ‎ ‎**********************************************************结束 There was a story many years ago of a school teacher--- Mrs. Thompson. She told the children on the first day that she loved them all the same. But that was a lie. There in the front row was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard. He didn’t play well with the other children and he always needed a bath. She did not like him. ‎ Then Mrs. Thompson got to know that Teddy was actually a very good boy before the death of his mother. Mrs. Thompson was ashamed of herself. She felt even worse when, like all her other students, Teddy brought her a Christmas present too. It was his mother’s perfume(香水)。‎ Teddy said, “Mrs. Thompson, today you smell just like my Mom used to.” After the children left she cried for at least an hour. On that very day, she stopped teaching reading, writing and math. Instead, she began to teach children.‎ Mrs. Thompson paid particular attention to Teddy. The boy’s mind seemed to come alive. The more she encourage him, the faster he improved. By the end of the sixth grade, Teddy had become one of the smartest children in the class.‎ Six years went by before she got a note from Teddy. He wrote that he had finished high school, third in his class, and she was still the best teacher he ever had in his whole lift. He went to college. Mrs. Thompson got two more letters from him with the last one signed, Theodore F. Stoddard, M. D.(医学博士).‎ The story doesn’t end there. On his wedding day, Dr. Stoddard whispered in Mrs. Thompson’s ear, “Thank you, Mrs. Thompson, for believing in me. You made me feel important and showed me that I could make a difference.”‎ Mrs. Thompson, with tears in her eyes, whispered back, “Teddy, you have it all wrong. You were the one who taught me that I could make a difference. I didn’t know how to teach until I met you.”‎ ‎50. What did Mrs. Thompson do on the first day of school?‎ A. She made Teddy feel ashamed B. She asked the children to play with Teddy.‎ C. She changed Teddy’s seat to the front row.‎ D. She told the class something untrue about herself.‎ ‎51. What did Mrs. Thompson find out about Teddy?‎ A. He often told lies.   ‎ B. He was good at math.  ‎ C. He needed motherly care.   ‎ D. He enjoyed playing with others.‎ ‎52. In what way did Mrs. Thompson change?[来源:1]‎ A. She taught fewer school subjects.‎ B. She became stricter with her students.‎ C. She no longer liked her job as a teacher.‎ D. She cared more about educating students.‎ ‎53. Why did Teddy thank Mrs. Thompson at his wedding? ‎ A. She had kept in touch with him.‎ B. She had given him encouragement.‎ C. She had sent him Christmas presents.‎ D. She had taught him how to judge people.‎ 参考答案-------50---53、DCDB ‎*************************************************************结束 Jack London had endured more hardships by the age of twenty-one than most people experience in a lifetime. His struggles developed in him sympathy for the working class and a lasting dislike of hard work and provided inspiration for his career as a writer.‎ London grew up in San Francisco in extreme poverty. At an early age, he left school and supported himself through a succession of un skilled jobs ----working as a paper boy, in bowling alleys, on ice wagons, and in canneries（罐头食品厂） and mills. Despite working long hours at these jobs, London was able to read constantly, borrowing travel and adventure books from the library.‎ The books London read inspired him to travel, and his job experiences led him to become active in fighting for the fights of workers. He sailed to Japan on a journey aiming at catching seals and joined a cross-country protest march with a group of unemployed workers. After being arrested for vagrancy near Buffalo, New York, London decided to educate himself and reshape his ‎ life. He quickly completed high school and entered the University‎ of ‎California.‎ After only one term, however, the appeal of fortune and adventure proved uncontrollable. London gave up his studies and traveled to the Alaskan Yukon in ‎1897 in search of gold. Jack London was among the first of these miners. He may have searched for more than gold, however. London once commented, “ True, the new region was mostly poor; but its several hundred thousand square miles of coldness at least gave breathing space to those who else would have choked at home.” Although he was unsuccessful as a miner, London’s experiences in Alaska taught him about the human desire for wealth and power and about humankind’s inability to control the forces of nature. While in Alaska, London also absorbed memories and stories that would make him known one hundred years later.‎ Once back in California, London became determined to earn a living as a writer. He rented a typewriter and worked up to fifteen hours a day, spinning his Alaskan adventures into short stories and novels.‎ According to legend, London’s piles of rejection slips from publishers grew to five feet in height!‎ ‎ Even so, London preserved. In 1903, he earned national fame when he published the popular novel The Call of the Wild. He soon became the highest paid and most industrious writer in the country. During his career, he produced more than fifty books and earned more than a million dollars. Several of his novels, including The Call of the Wild(1903),the Sea-Wolf(1904),the White Fang(1906),have become American classics. In fact, he was a creative writer whose fiction explored several regions and their cultures: the Yukon, California, Hawaii, and the Solomon Islands. He experimented with many literary forms, from traditional love stories and dystopias（反面乌托邦小说）to science fantasy. His noted journalism included war communication, boxing stories, and the life of Molokai lepers（麻风病患者）. He was among the most influential figures of his day, who understood how to create a public persona and use the media to market his self-created image of poor-boy-turned-success. London's great passion was agriculture, and he was well on the way of creating a new model for spreading through his Beauty Ranch when he died of kidney disease at age 40. He left over fifty books of novels, stories, journalism, and essays, many of which have been translated and continue to be read around the world. His best works describe a person’s struggle for survival against the powerful forces of nature. “To Build a Fire”, for example, tells the ‎ story of a man’s fight to survive the harsh cold of the Alaskan winter.[来源:1]‎ ‎10._________made Jack London reconsider his life in the future.‎ ‎ A. His job experience B. The books he read ‎ ‎ C. Being arrested D. Long-hour work ‎11. What is TRUE about Jack London?‎ ‎ A. Jack London was poor all his life. ‎ ‎ B. Jack London got enough money while in the search of gold. ‎ ‎ C. The books Jack London read inspired him to travel and become active. ‎ ‎ D. The experience of gold searching made Jack London determined to write novels about ‎ Alaska‎ adventures.‎ ‎12. After the experience in Alaska, Jack London ________________.‎ ‎ A. realized the nature of human beings. ‎ ‎ B. knew people could control the nature finally.‎ ‎ C. regretted being there.‎ ‎ D.thought highly of himself.‎ ‎13. In paragraph 4, the sentence “True, the new region was mostly poor; but its several hundred thousand square miles of coldness at least gave breathing space to those who else would have choked at home.” implies_______________________________.‎ ‎ A. Jack London regarded Alaska a poor place as he never got any gold there.‎ ‎ B. people would have been ill at home if they had never been Alaska.‎ ‎ C. People searching for gold there still have chance to win.‎ ‎ D. Alaska was a poor but large region.‎ ‎14. Which one of following works doesn’t belong to Jack London according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. love stories B. poetry C. journalism D. essays ‎15. What can we learn from Jack London’s final success?‎ ‎ A. Failure is the mother of success.‎ ‎ B. Practice makes perfect.‎ ‎ C. Knowledge is powerful. ‎ ‎ D. All of above.‎ ‎11‎ ‎12‎ ‎13‎ ‎14‎ ‎15‎ D A C B D ‎***********************************************************结束