高考英语一轮复习写作技能培优用好非谓语动词提升写作档次 6页

第五讲　用好非谓语动词，提升写作档次 众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅句型多样，句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧凑，言简意明。‎ ‎1．我为那事感到非常遗憾，开始考虑做些什么来帮一下。拼十年寒窗挑灯苦读不畏难；携双亲期盼背水勇战定夺魁。如果你希望成功，以恒心为良友，以经验为参谋，以小心为兄弟，以希望为哨兵。‎ I feel quite sorry for that. I begin to think about what to do to help.‎ ‎→Feeling quite sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help.(现在分词作状语)‎ ‎2．另一方面，我将帮着建立英语角，给我们学生提供一个练习英语口语的平台。‎ On the other hand, I will help set up the English corner. It will provide us students a platform to practice our oral English.‎ ‎→On the other hand, I will help set up the English corner, providing us students a platform to practice our oral English.(现在分词作状语)‎ ‎3．这儿的人都喜欢汤姆写的那本小说。‎ All the people here like the novel.It is written by Tom.‎ ‎→All the people here like the novel written by Tom.(过去分词作定语)‎ ‎4．我们应该多讲英语。我们认为这是很重要的。‎ We should speak more English. We think it is very important.‎ ‎→We think it very important to speak more English.(it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语)‎ ‎5．我们应该如何提高我们的英语口语水平？这是个问题。‎ How should we improve our spoken English? It is a question.‎ ‎→How to improve our spoken English is a question.(不定式短语作主语)‎ ‎→The question is how to improve our spoken English.(不定式短语作表语)‎ 用非谓语动词进行句型转换 ‎1．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)It carries articles about the cultures of their home countries.They are written by foreign friends.‎ ‎→It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.(过去分词作定语)‎ ‎2．(2015·湖南高考书面表达)I went back home proudly that afternoon. I jumped with joy.‎ ‎→I went back home proudly that afternoon, jumping with joy.(现在分词作状语)‎ 6‎ ‎3．As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.‎ ‎→Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.(过去分词作状语)‎ ‎4．The boys were making the most of time. They wanted to finish the work earlier.‎ ‎→The boys were making the most of time to finish the work earlier.(不定式作状语)‎ ‎5．The boy came to school late again.This made the teacher very angry.‎ ‎→The boy’s coming to school late again made the teacher very angry.(动名词作主语)‎ 用非谓语动词转换复合句比转换简单句要容易一些，因为需转换的一般是从句部分，这时只需要判断用何种非谓语动词，再把握好时态和语态即可，所以只需两步。‎ ‎[示例]‎ 第一步：写出复合句。‎ ‎(安徽高考书面表达)Since you have realized that your time is limited, you’ll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation.‎ 第二步：把since引导的原因状语从句转换为非谓语动词，realize与you之间为主谓关系，且表示完成，故用现在分词的完成式作状语。‎ Having realized that your time is limited，you’ll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation.‎ 其他几个转换的例子如下：‎ ‎1．We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books.‎ ‎→To have more time to read and select books, we can set out early.‎ ‎2．(2015·广东高考书面表达)If it is carried out continuously, it will benefit all of us greatly and we are sure to make obvious progress.‎ ‎→Carried out continuously，it will benefit all of us greatly and we are sure to make obvious progress.‎ ‎3．(2015·湖北高考书面表达)Because I thought that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.‎ ‎→Thinking that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.‎ 用非谓语动词进行句型转换 ‎1．(山东高考书面表达)When we are faced with difficulties, we need friends to give us comfort and help.‎ 6‎ ‎→Faced with difficulties，we need friends to give us comfort and help.‎ ‎2．(安徽高考)When I saw a car running towards her, I reached my hand out and pulled her back.‎ ‎→Seeing a car running towards her, I reached my hand out and pulled her back.‎ ‎3．(湖南高考)After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner.‎ ‎→Having practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner.‎ ‎1．remain to be done有待于被……‎ ‎◆Many questions have to be settled and much remains to be done in our educational work.‎ 我们的教育工作中还有许多问题要解决，还有许多事情要去做。‎ ‎2．疑问词＋to do ‎◆(江西高考书面表达)To all of you，fresh students，how to adapt yourself to the new environment is the first thing that you have to face.　对你们所有新生来说，如何使自己适应新的环境是必须要面对的首要问题。‎ ‎3．连词when/while/once/unless/although…＋doing/done ‎◆(湖南高考书面表达)When searching for some information，we can operate by touching the screen.‎ 当查找一些信息时，我们可以通过触摸屏来操作。‎ ‎4．easy/difficult…to do…‎ ‎◆Some bad habits such as smoking and drinking aren’t easy to get rid of.‎ 像吸烟、酗酒等一些坏习惯不容易改掉。‎ ‎5．prefer to do…rather than do…/would rather do…than do…/would do…rather than do…宁愿做……,而不愿做……‎ ‎◆Nowadays some teenagers prefer to chat with strangers online rather than talk with their parents face to face.‎ 如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面谈话。‎ ‎6．having done…已经……‎ ‎◆(江西高考单项填空)Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.‎ 几乎把所有的钱都花完了，我们没有钱住宾馆了。‎ 6‎ ‎7．by doing…通过做……‎ ‎◆(2016·全国卷乙书面表达)Moreover, by doing the parttime job I can get some precious experience so that I can better adapt to the development and changes of society.‎ 而且，通过做兼职工作，我能获得一些宝贵的经验，以致于能更好地适应社会的发展和变化。‎ ‎8．only to do sth.(表示出乎意料的结果)‎ ‎◆What’s worse，I found myself having a fever this morning and I went to the clinic for immediate treatment, only to be advised to stay in bed for three days.‎ 糟糕的是，今天早晨我发现自己发烧，立刻去诊所治疗，结果被建议卧床休息三天。‎ ‎9．judging by/from…根据……判断 ‎◆Judging from the expression on her face，she must have news of great excitement to tell us.‎ 从她脸上的神情看，她一定有非常令人兴奋的消息要告诉我们。‎ ‎10．compared with/to…与……比较 ‎◆There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who have no musical training.‎ 有明显的证据表明，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。‎ ‎11．be said/reported/considered…to do…据说/报道/认为……‎ ‎◆A bus full of passengers was reported to have gone out of control on a highway south of the city.‎ 据报道，一辆满载乘客的公共汽车在市南的一条公路上失去了控制。‎ ‎12．with＋宾语＋宾语补足语 ‎◆With everyone respecting him，he decided to make great contributions to the country.‎ 大家都很尊敬他，他决定为国家做出巨大贡献。‎ 用非谓语动词完成句子 ‎1．人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。‎ People can enjoy the moon while eating mooncakes, which are the special food for this festival.‎ ‎2．随着太空技术的快速发展，我们一定会在将来某一天奔赴月球。‎ With space technology developing so rapidly, we are sure to make a visit to the 6‎ ‎ moon some day.‎ ‎3．有些人宁愿骑自行车也不愿坐公交车，因为骑自行车没有乘坐公交车的麻烦。‎ Some people prefer to ride bikes rather than take buses/would rather ride bikes than take buses/would ride bikes rather than take buses as riding bikes has none of the troubles of taking buses.‎ 用非谓语动词进行句型转换 ‎1．As soon as they saw a few people still in the burning house, they rushed into it to save them without hesitation.‎ ‎→On seeing a few people still in the burning house, they rushed into it to save them without hesitation.‎ ‎2．We think it is necessary that middle school students should learn a foreign language and we also think that it is possible that they can master one.‎ ‎→We think it is necessary that middle school students should learn a foreign language and we also think it possible for them to master one．‎ ‎3．I took part in the meeting, which was held in Beijing last Friday. It was very instructive, which was hosted by a manager who came to our company yesterday.‎ ‎→I took part in the meeting held in Beijing last Friday.It was very instructive，which was hosted by a manager coming to our company yesterday．‎ ‎4．Mother went to work in a hurry, and she didn’t have breakfast.She was as busy as a bee these days and came back home very late.‎ ‎→Mother went to work in a hurry without having breakfast．She was as busy as a bee these days，coming back home very late．‎ ‎5．As the society develops rapidly, it’s necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.‎ ‎→With the society developing rapidly, it’s necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.(with句式)‎ 请按以下内容要点写一篇英语短文,尽可能多地使用非谓语动词 ‎(2017·山西省质量检测)假如你是李华，在“国际青年服务日(Global Youth Service Day)”与同学去老年之家(nursing home)帮忙。请给网友Tom写封邮件，简述此次活动，内容包括：‎ ‎1．时间、地点；‎ ‎2．活动过程；‎ ‎3．你的感受。‎ 6‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头语和结束语已为你写好 ，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Tom，‎ The annual “Global Youth Service Day” is aimed at cultivating young people’s love of service.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ Dear Tom，‎ The annual “Global Youth Service Day” is aimed at cultivating young people’s love of service.On that day, my classmates and I went to the nearby nursing home and had a meaningful experience there.‎ Upon arrival, we had a free talk with the elderly residents, telling them our anecdotes and listening to theirs. At noon, we had a buffet lunch together in the cafeteria.While enjoying the meal, some talented students gave a wonderful folk dancing performance, making the elderly laugh and clap excitedly. With the meal over，we hugged each other and said goodbye.‎ We appreciate participating in this activity, which has helped to build an emotional connection between the old and the young. In fact, if everyone could contribute a little, our community would definitely have a brighter future!‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 6‎