高考英语二轮阅读理解三月特训 9页

‎2014高考英语二轮阅读理解三月特训 The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.‎ For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru，far from Western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He csalled the island Pleasant Island.‎ However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit it，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A tenyear civil war started，which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900.‎ Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.‎ A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground；it is a strip mine.When a company discovers strip mining，it removes the top layer of soil.Then it takes away the material it wants.Strip mining totally destroys the land.Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.‎ In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.‎ Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety per cent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000，Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never ‎ happen.‎ ‎1. What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To seek help for Nauru's problems.‎ B．To give a warning to other countries.‎ C．To show the importance of money.‎ D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war. ‎ ‎2. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?‎ A．Rich and powerful.‎ B．Modern and open.‎ C．Peaceful and attractive.‎ D．Greedy and aggressive. ‎ ‎3. The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from________．‎ A．soil pollution B．phosphate overmining C．farming activity D．whale hunting ‎4. Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem?‎ A．Its leaders misused the money.‎ B．It spent too much repairing the island.‎ C．Its phosphate mining cost much money.‎ D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war. ‎ ‎5. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?‎ A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.‎ B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.‎ C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.‎ D．The phosphate mines were destroyed. ‎ ‎【参考答案解析】A ‎【要点综述】 文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。‎ ‎1．B　由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B项。‎ ‎2．C　从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛很吸引人；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C项。‎ ‎3．B　最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem－their phosphate was running out.Ninety per cent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”即“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了瑙鲁岛的生态灾难。故选B项。‎ ‎4．A　由最后一段的“Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”看出，是领导人不正确地使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A项。‎ ‎5．A　文章最后告诉我们：Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.也就是说，瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A项。‎ 阅读理解-----（二）[2012·银川实验中学月考] ‎ Coconut Coconut trees can be seen all over the tropical countries everywhere in the world. Coconut trees need warm weather and produce green coconuts which are filled with a colorless coconut juice. If the coconut is fresh, inside are almost all juice and little flesh. Coconut milk is white in color and is extracted from coconut. Green coconuts have the size of a small ball. They have to be opened on top with a knife.‎ ‎ You will get the whole coconut in front of you and you drink the coconut juice with a straw(吸管). Once you finish you can ask to cut the coconut in pieces and eat the flesh inside.‎ Dragonfruit Dragonfruit's official name is Pitaya. It's a kind of fruit which is very tasteful despite its outside looks. The pink colored skin is not to be eaten. Cut the fruit in half and use a spoon to eat the grayish flesh. The black seeds can be eaten but they are not digestible. ‎ Cempedak(小木菠萝)‎ Cempedak is a native kind of Malaysian fruit. The taste of the fruit is similar to the related Jackfruit(波罗蜜)with a hint of Durian(榴莲). A sweet, mild, and juicy flesh surrounds the peanutlike seeds in a thick layer. The outer cover of the fruit is slightly sticky. Cempedak can be eaten fresh. ‎ Durian Durian is one of those tropical fruits you love or hate. I was once told that the smell of durian is the “smell of hell” though I can not comment on this as I have never been to hell! I was also told that in many parts in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thai hotels, durian is not even allowed because of the smell. However, durian is a very popular tropical fruit in Malaysia. Durian is easy to recognize. They are huge green brownish fruits, usually sold at markets and on the roadside. It is known as “the King of Fruit” on the basis of the fact that it has many vitamins, calcium, iron and other minerals.‎ ‎20．Which of the following has the seeds that can be eaten?‎ A．Coconut. B．Dragonfruit.‎ C．Cempedak. D．Durian.‎ ‎21．According to the passage, we can learn that________.‎ A．cempedak is the other name of Jackfruit ‎ B．the home of cempedak is Malaysia ‎ C．cempedak has the flavor of durian ‎ D．cempedak has a smooth cover ‎22．In many Malaysia and Thai hotels, why is durian not even allowed?‎ A．Because it can make eaters addicted.‎ B．Because the local governments forbid the selling.‎ C．Because it has a smelly flavor. ‎ D．Because it can be used as a weapon.‎ ‎23．Why is durian called “the King of Fruit”？‎ A．Because it contains many vitamins and minerals.‎ B．Because it looks strong.‎ C．Because it has a strange flavor.‎ D． Because all the people like it.‎ ‎【要点综述】文章向我们介绍了几种水果，以及这些水果的营养价值以及弊端。‎ ‎20．B　细节理解题。分析全文可知，只有火龙果的种子可以吃，只是不易消化。‎ ‎21．B　细节理解题。分析Cempedak部分可知，这种水果原产地是马来西亚。‎ ‎22．C　细节理解题。分析Durian部分可知，榴莲由于具有奇特的臭味，在印度尼西亚，马来西亚和泰国的许多宾馆，这种水果是不允许出售的。‎ ‎23．A　细节理解题。分析Durian部分最后一句可知，榴莲之所以叫“水果之王”，因为它富含维生素，钙，铁等矿物质。‎ 阅读理解----A----- (2011·新课标卷，A)‎ When milk arrived on the doorstep When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5yearold boy, I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.‎ Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note—“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”—and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically (魔术般) appear.‎ All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr.Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.‎ There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.‎ Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.‎ 本文讲述了自己小时候与送奶人之间的故事。Basille先生不仅是送奶的，而且和他的家人建立了密切的关系。现在大公司开始大量生产奶，到处都有卖奶的，因此不再需要送奶服务，但作者很怀念以前的事情。‎ ‎1．Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer ________.‎ A．to show his magical power B．to pay for the delivery C．to satisfy his curiosity D．to please his mother 答案：C。推理判断题。由短文第一段最后两句话可知：“我一直盯着他腰带上的钱包，当Basille注意到这一点时，从里面拿了一枚硬币给了我”。由此可知，是为了满足我的好奇心。‎ ‎2．What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy's house?‎ A．He wanted to have tea there. B．He was a respectable person.‎ C．He was treated as a family member. D．He was fully trusted by the family.‎ 答案：D。推理判断题。由短文第三段可知，我们与送奶人有密切的关系，他有我们家的钥匙，并不时来我们家休息、聊天、讲故事。由此可推断我们一家人非常信任他。‎ ‎3．Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?‎ A．Nobody wants to be a milkman now.‎ B．It has been driven out of the market.‎ C．Its service is getting poor.‎ D．It is forbidden by law.‎ 答案：B。推理判断题。由短文倒数第二段可知，由于大公司生产大量的廉价奶，人们到处都可以买到，不再需要送奶的。由此可知送奶业被挤出的市场。‎ ‎4．Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?‎ A．He missed the good old days. B．He wanted to tell interesting stories.‎ C．He needed it for his milk bottles. D．He planted flowers in it.‎ 答案：A。细节理解题。由短文最后一段可知，旧奶箱使他回想起来童年时代的记忆，因此他把这个旧奶箱带回家。由此可知，他想念过去的美好日子。‎ ‎[史地自然型阅读理解(一)]----B That the Leaning Tower of Pisa no longer leans quite so much after a ￡20 million project to save it has proved to be a great success. The tower, which was on the edge of collapse, has been straightened by 18 inches, returning it to its 1838 position. ‎ ‎“It has straightened a little bit more than we expected, but very little helps，”said Prof. John Burland, the only British member of the rescue committee. “The tower is still very slightly moving towards being upright. ”‎ The tower, which has been leaning almost since building work first began in 1173, was closed to the public in 1990 because of safety fears. The 183foot tower was nearly 15 feet off vertical and its structure was found to have been weakened by centuries of strain(作用力). ‎ Prof. Burland said it could have collapsed “at any moment”. However, it took ‎ nine years of quarrelling before any work was done. The last attempt at straightening the tower was carried out. Concrete(混凝土) was poured into the foundations, but the result was that the tower sank further into the soil. ‎ The straightening work involved digging out around 70 tonnes of earth from the northern side of the tower, causing it to sink on that side. Before the digging started, the tower was fixed with steel ropes and 600 tonnes of lead weights. ‎ However, halfway through the project, concerns at the ugliness of the weights led to their removal and the tower leaned greatly. The weights were hurriedly reattached. One night, the tower moved more than it had averaged in an entire year. The tower's stonework has also been restored. ‎ The Italian government stepped in after a tower collapsed in Pavia in 1989, killing four people. Experts suddenly realized that the tower at Pisa, which was similarly built and on the same sort of earth, could do the same.‎ ‎1. What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．The building of the Leaning Tower of Pisa B．Saving the Leaning Tower of ‎Pisa C．The collapse of the Leaning Tower of Pisa D．The history of the Leaning Tower of Pisa ‎2. According to the passage, the Leaning Tower of Pisa ________．‎ A．closed for the straightening work in 1990‎ B．began to lean more than 800 years ago C．has a history of more than 1, 000 years D．has become vertical ‎3. What drove the Italian government to save the Leaning Tower of Pisa?‎ A．The development of new technology.‎ B．The advice of Prof. John Burland.‎ C．The expectation of the rescue committee.‎ D．The collapse of a tower in Pavia. ‎ ‎4. What most probably played the most important part in straightening the tower?‎ A．The lead weights fixed to the tower.‎ B．Restoring the stonework.‎ C．Pouring concrete into the foundations.‎ D．Digging earth from the southern side of the tower. ‎ ‎5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A．The position of the tower has been restored to what it was 172 years ago.‎ B．Hundreds of years of strain has weakened the tower's structure.‎ C．The tower doesn't lean any more after the straightening work finished.‎ D．People spent nine years in discussing about the straightening work. ‎ ‎【参考答案解析】B ‎【要点综述】 本文主要讲述了比萨斜塔的倾斜历史及政府为此做出的努力。‎ ‎1．B　文章第一段就提到“…has proved to be a great success.”，并且下文也是围绕拯救比萨斜塔进行阐述的。‎ ‎2．B　第三段第一句提到比萨斜塔自1173年建立(至今已有800多年的历史)时就开始倾斜。‎ ‎3．D　文章最后一段提到“The Italian government stepped in after a tower collapsed in Pavia in 1989…”，说明正是另一个地方的塔的倒塌才使政府意识到拯救比萨斜塔的迫切性，故答案为D。 ‎ ‎4．A　文章第六段提到把lead weights移走后，导致塔又有很大的倾斜，这正说明lead weights所起的作用。‎ ‎5．C　从第一段第一句“…no longer leans quite so much…”可知C项与文章内容不符。从第一段最后一句“塔被扶正18英寸后，恢复到了它1838年时的位置”，即172年前的样子，可推知A项符合文章内容；从第三段最后一句可知B项符合文章内容；从第四段第二句可知D项符合文章内容。‎