高考英语二轮复习与增分策略考前特训题型组合练十三 10页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 题型组合练(十三) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2017·东北三省四市教研联合体一模) Graduate Developer Who you are You’re a creative person who’s brilliant at making smart decisions and even better at communicating them.You are passionate about software and not only like to learn about it at university，but also like to get involved in your own projects at home too.You eat code for breakfast，lunch and dinner，and you’re always looking to learn and improve.You love working with likeminded peers and aspire to work with the best software developers in the industry. What you study You are a finalyear/Honors/Masters/PHD student or a recent graduate(past two years) with a Distinction/High Distinction average in Computer Science，Computing or Software Engineering. What you will do You’ll develop reliable and highly flexible systems in the market.The kind of software ensures we buy and sell faster and more efficiently than anyone else.You will have full responsibility for designing and improving our systems ， both technically and functionally to improve our trading success.At Optive we have no shortage of interesting and important work to do，so rest assured that you’ll be 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 working on something that will add real value to the business. Qualifications You are an Australian or New Zealand citizen or Permanent Resident of Australia. Salary 75,000 plus super plus performance driven profit share. 语篇解读 本文介绍了招聘新毕业的软件开发人员的要求、资格、工作内容等。 1．You will be wellaccepted if you are . A．creative and devoted to software engineering B．loving working with people from different majors C．communicative and passionate in your university life D．enjoying eating code instead of delicious family dinners 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据 Who you are 部分的第一、二句可知，如果你是个有创造力、有决 断力、有良好的沟通能力的人，此外，不管在家里还是在大学里，你对软件项目都有足够的 热情，你会更适合这个职位。由此可知选 A 项。 2．The Graduate Developer will probably be wanted as . A．a finalyear Computing Engineering student B．a masterdegree graduate majoring in trading C．a PHD student as a permanent resident in Australia D．a recent graduate with Honors in Computer Science 答案 A 解 析 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 What you study 部 分 的 “You are a finalyear/Honors/Masters/PHD student or a recent graduate(past two years) with a Distinction/High Distinction average in Computer Science，Computing or Software Engineering.”可知 A 项(计算机工程专业大四学生)符合要求。 3．You are not required to in the future job. A．design Optive system B．ensure trade success C．work on something valuable D．develop the flexible market system 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据 What you will do 部分可知，新招聘的软件开发人员需要做的工 作有：设计并提高可靠的、有弹性的市场系统；确保我们比其他企业买卖更快、更有效率； 设计 Optive 系统。文中说的是你将会做一些给业务上带来真正价值的事情而不是指工作本身 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 有价值。故选 C 项。 B (2017·河北唐山一模) When you’re walking on your way through one of life’s storms，it is human nature to focus on getting back to normal，to “bounce back” as quickly as possible to a place where things are calm，familiar and comfortable. However，actually it is unrealistic to think we can ever truly return emotionally and intelligently to where we were before the storm because every experience changes us in some way.For example，when we experience a major health scare，possibly involving some hospital time，we can never go back to being the person we were before the event even if we fully recover because we have experienced firsthand the fragility(脆弱) of life，not to mention coming face to face with death. So，now that we can never return，what should we do? Consider this...how is it that two people can be faced with the same hardship and while one becomes hopeless and feels angry and upset，the other is able to overcome their circumstances and grows stronger than ever as a result of the experience? At one extreme，we may choose to accept the role of unlucky victim，or become trapped in the “Why is it always me！” negative and frustrating(令人沮丧的) situations.Either way is the result of a fixed mindset(思维模式) that is resistant to growth and change.If this is your approach to life，you will be far less likely to be active in effectively managing change and recovering from bad situations. But there is another choice.If you are honest enough，you may consider what was once “normal” for you was just the main cause of your storm.You can choose to hug change and uncertainty and learn to grow forward through all of your experiences.Of course，this means doing the work to develop the skills and habits that will enable you to handle life’s occasional storms. In conclusion，it is up to each of us to choose the meaning we apply to our situations at all times.Different choices will lead to different lives.Of course you can grow forward if you are determined to choose to live a positive life regardless of whatever hardships you are facing. 语篇解读 在面对生活中的“暴风雨”的时候，人们总是希望回到原来的正常生活轨迹，但 是这几乎是不可能的。我们该如何选择，是随波逐流还是积极面对？ 4．What does the author try to convey with the example in the second paragraph? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 A．We will understand life much better after an escape from death. B．It usually takes a long time to recover from a health problem. C．It’s unlikely to return to where we were after certain events. D．We can recover from an emotional problem much more easily. 答案 C 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“...it is unrealistic to think we can ever truly return emotionally and intelligently to where we were before...”可知，我们不可能 再回到从前，下面的例子是为了支持这个观点。故选 C 项。 5．When faced with hardships，some people choose to be a victim because of . A．their terrible experiences B．their negative thoughts C．their poor health D．their bad luck 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，当面对困难时，一些人把自己看成受害者是由 他们消极的思想导致的。故选 B 项。 6．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To advise us to manage bad emotions. B．To persuade us to get back to normal. C．To offer us useful skills to work with. D．To encourage us to overcome hardships. 答案 D 解析 写作意图题。作者在文章最后一段最后一句点明观点：不管你遇到什么困难，如果你 决心积极面对，就会成长前进。故选 D 项。 7．If you’re determined to grow forward you have to . A．experience life’s fragility B．welcome uncertainty and change C．develop new skills and habits D．overcome the fear of death 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三句“You can choose to hug change and uncertainty and learn to grow forward through all of your experiences.”可知，你可以选择拥抱 变化和不确定性，并且从你所有的经历中学会成长前进。故选 B 项。 C 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 (2017·广东广州一模) Dujiangyan is the oldest manmade water system in the world，and a wonder in the development of Chinese science.Built over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China，this amazing engineering achievement is still used today to irrigate over 6,000 square kilometers of farmland，take away floodwater and provide water for many cities in the province. In ancient times，the region in which Dujiangyan now stands suffered from regular floods caused by overflow from the Minjiang River.To help the victims of the flooding， Li Bing，the region’s governor，decided to find a solution.He studied the problem and discovered that the river most often overflowed when winter snow at the top of the nearby Mount Yulei began to melt as the weather warmed. The simplest fix was to build a dam，but this would have ruined the Minjiang River.So instead Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally.Better still，the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain， making it suitable for farming. Cutting the channels through the hard rock of Mount Yulei was a remarkable accomplishment as it was done long before the invention of gunpowder and explosives.Li Bing found another solution.He used a combination of fire and water to heat and cool the rocks until they cracked and could be removed.After eight years of work，the 20meterwide canal was carved through the mountain. Once the system was finished，no more floods occurred and the people were able to live peacefully and affluently.Today，Dujiangyan is admired by scientists from around the world because of one feature.Unlike modern dams where the water is blocked with a huge wall，Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally，enabling ecosystems and fish populations to exist in harmony. 语篇解读 本文介绍了 2 200 多年前修建都江堰的原因和方法。都江堰在今天依然被用来灌溉 农田、排洪和为许多城市供水，成就之大令中外科学家们所钦佩。 8．What are the benefits of Dujiangyan according to the first paragraph? A．Reducing flooding and watering farmland. B．Protecting the mountain and reducing flooding. C．Watering farmland and improving water quality. D．Drying the river and supplying cities with water. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“...to irrigate over 6,000 square kilometers of farmland，take away floodwater and provide water for many cities in the province.”可知，都江堰的用途有：灌溉六千多平方千米的农田、排洪和给本省许多城 市供水。故选 A 项(减少洪水和浇灌农田)。 9．What was the main cause of the Minjiang River’s flooding? A．Heavy rains. B．Melting snow. C．Low river banks. D．Steep mountains. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“...the river most often overflowed when winter snow at the top of the nearby Mount Yulei began to melt as the weather warmed.” 可知，岷江洪水是天气转暖时附近玉垒山山顶上的冬季积雪融化造成的。故选 B 项。 10．How was Li Bing able to break through the rocks of Mount Yulei? A．By using gunpowder. B．By flooding the rocks with water. C．By applying a heating and cooling technique. D．By breaking the rocks with hammers and spades. 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“He used a combination of fire and water to heat and cool the rocks until they cracked and could be removed.”可知，李冰用火和水去 加热和冷却岩石直到它们能够裂开并被移走。这和 C 项(通过运用加热和冷却技术)意思相符。 故选 C 项。 11．Why is Dujiangyan greatly admired by scientists today? A．It preserves much of the natural river life. B．It took very little time to complete the project. C．The building techniques used were very modern. D．It has raised the living standards of the local people. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“...enabling ecosystems and fish populations to exist in harmony.”可知，都江堰能够让生态系统和鱼类种群和谐共存。A 项意为“它(都江堰)保护了多种自然河流生物”，和文章意思相符，故选 A 项。 D (2017·安徽安庆二模) As a child，I was generally happy，singing and dancing to my favorite songs， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 smiling and laughing with my friends and family.But as far back as second grade， I noticed a “darkness” about me.I didn’t enjoy participating in many things. In middle school，things in my life began to get even worse.I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed.I was always tired.Everything was horrible.Finally， midway through eighth grade，I was told I had a chemical imbalance，diagnosed(诊 断) with clinical depression，and had to take medicine.It took months for me to feel the effects of the medicine. When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself，rather than relying on medicine.Aristotle said，“To live happily is an inward power of the soul，” and I believe that this quote describes what I had to do to achieve happiness.Happiness is a journey.Everyone seems to need different things to be happy. “The essentials(要素) to happiness are something to love，something to do， and something to hope for，” a quote from William Blake sums up what I believe people need to realize to be truly happy in life.People need love.I feel they need their family and their friends more than anything else in the world.People need work to do，something to make them feel they are making a difference in the world.People need to know that more good is to come in the future，so they continue to live for “now” instead of constantly worrying about the bad that could come.Love and hope are happiness. 语篇解读 作者根据自己克服抑郁症的经历总结出了幸福生活的要素。 12．What do we know about the author in Paragraph 2? A．He hated going to sleep because he couldn’t sleep well. B．He spent months recovering from the clinical depression. C．He was diagnosed with clinical depression in Grade Seven. D．He suffered a great deal from clinical depression. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed.I was always tired.Everything was horrible.Finally，midway through eighth grade，I was told I had a chemical imbalance，diagnosed(诊断) with clinical depression， and had to take medicine.”可知，在中学时，作者受到临床抑郁症的折磨。故选 D 项。 13．Who helped the author to be happy again? A．The author’s friends. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 B．Aristotle. C．The author himself. D．William. 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself，rather than relying on medicine.”可知，作者并不是依赖药物而是靠自己克服病症，重新快乐起来。 故选 C 项。 14．Which of the following about being truly happy is unnecessary in the author’s opinion? A．Love. B．Ambition. C．Hope. D．Work. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者认为幸福的要素包括爱、希望和工作。 故选 B 项。 15．What may be the best title for the text? A．The Essentials to Happiness B．Ways to Overcome Shortcomings C．Everyone Needs to Be Happy D．Happiness Is Love 答案 A 解析 标题归纳题。通读文章，作者根据自己克服抑郁症的经历，总结出幸福生活的要素， 文章最后一段具体阐述了要素的内容，由此可知 A 项契合文章主旨。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2017·东北三省四市教研联合体一模) Imagine that you’re an actor or actress performing in a play for the first time.You’ve learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage.Waiting behind the closed curtain，you can hear the audience whispering.Then your big moment arrives！ The curtain goes up，and the crowd falls silent.All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. 16 The inside of your mouth is dry，and your hands are wet. If you’ve experienced a moment like this，you know all too well what it means to have stage fright.It’s one of the most common types of fear. 17 You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports，giving a talk，or even speaking in class. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 18 The experience differs from person to person，but the same chemical process occurs on each of us.In reaction to anxiety，our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly.Scientists refer to this as our bodies’ “fight for flight” reaction.As a result，we feel the great energy that makes our hands sweat，our hearts race and our knees shake. 19 Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.Firstly，dress comfortably and appropriately.Secondly，before the performance，take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body.Thirdly，stay away from drinks that contain caffeine(咖啡因)． 20 Instead，try a banana！Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body.Finally，when you look into a crowd，try to focus on particular people rather than the whole group.These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears. A．These might make your heart race even faster. B．Maybe you don’t have to be onstage to get stage fright. C．Stage fright is really part of the body’s reaction to stress. D．With practice，we can learn how to relax while playing sports. E．Then you try to speak your lines，but nothing seems to come out. F．There’s a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage. G．However，the good news about stage fright is that there are ways to deal with it. 语篇解读 文章用舞台表演引出怯场这个话题，然后列举了不同场合的怯场，并提出了克 服怯场的一些建议。 16．答案 E 解析 根据设空处后一句可知，你的嘴很干，你的手满是汗，说明你很紧张。虽然上文中说 你记住了台词，并且知道如何走位，似乎一切准备就绪，但真正上台却紧张得说不出话。E 项(然后你想要说出台词，但是什么也说不出来)符合语境。故选 E 项。 17．答案 B 解析 根据设空处前一句及下一句可知，怯场是最常见的恐惧之一，人们在运动、演讲或者 在班级讲话时，都可能体验这种恐惧，故 B 项(或许怯场未必都发生在舞台上)符合语境。 18．答案 C 解析 结合下文可知，我们的身体会释放出一种化学物质去应对这种恐惧，可知设空处与对 压力、焦虑的反应有关，故 C 项(怯场其实是身体对压力反应的一部分)符合语境。 19．答案 G 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 解析 根据设空处下一句可知，本段是关于怎样应对怯场，设空处承上启下，故 G 项(然而， 关于怯场的好消息是有方法去应对它)符合语境。 20．答案 A 解析 根据设空处前一句及下文内容可知，远离含有咖啡因的饮料，吃香蕉可以帮助平静心 跳以及使身体冷静下来，故 A 项(这些可能会使你的心脏跳得更快)符合语境。