【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题记叙文类型10篇训练之五（19页word版答案含有解析） 19页

2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题记叙文类型10篇训练之五[一]Everybodyhatesit，buteverybodydoesit.Arecentreportsaidthat40%ofAmericanshatetipping.InAmericaalone，tippingisa16billionayearindustry.Consumersactingpolitelyoughtnottopaymorethantheyhavetoforagivenservice.Tipsshouldnotexist.Sowhydothey?Thecommonopinioninthepastwasthattipsbothrewardedtheeffortsofgoodserviceandreduceduncomfortablefeelingsofinequality.Andalso，tippingmakesforcloserrelations.Itwentwithoutsayingthatthebettertheservice，thebiggerthetip.ButaccordingtoanewresearchfromCornellUniversity，tipsnolongerserveanyusefulfunction.Thepaperanalyzesnumberstheygotfrom2,547groupsdiningat20differentrestaurants.Theconnectionbetweenlargertipsandbetterservicewasveryweak.Onlyatinypartofthesizeofthetiphadanythingtodowiththequalityofservice.Tippingisbetterexplained，byculturethanbythemoneypeoplespend.InAmerica，thecustomcameintobeingalongtimeago.Itisregardedaspartoftheacceptedcostofaservice.InNewYorkrestaurants，failingtotipatleast15%couldwellmeandissatisfactionfromthecustomers.Hairdresserscanexpecttoget15%－20%，andthemanwhodeliversyourfastfood2.InEurope，tippingislesscommon.Inmanyrestaurantstheamountoftipisdecidedbyastandardservicecharge.InmanyAsiancountries，tippinghasneverreallycaught_onatall.Onlyafewhavereallytakentotipping.AccordingtoMichaelLynn，theCornellpapers’author，countriesinwhichpeoplearemoresocialoroutgoingtendtotipmore.Tippingmayreduceanxietyaboutbeingservedbystrangers.AndMr.Lynnsays，“InAmerica，wherepeopleareexpressiveandeagertomixupwithothers，tippingisaboutsocialapproval.Ifyoutipbadly，peoplethinklessofyou.Tippingwellisachancetoshowoff.”语篇解读　本文写了英国人给小费这一习俗，每个人都讨厌它，但是每个人都这样做。这里说了小费的由来和意义。 11．Thispassageismainlyabout________.A．differentkindsoftippingindifferentcountriesB．therelationshipbetweentippingandcustomC．theoriginandpresentmeaningoftippingD．mostAmericanpeoplehatetipping答案　C解析　主旨大意题。本文主要讲给小费的由来及现实意义。故选C。12．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedphrase“caughton”？A．Becomepopular.B．Beenhated.C．Beenstopped.D．Beenpermitted.答案　A解析　词义猜测题。根据划线词后一句“Onlyafewhavereallytakentotipping.”可以推测catchon为“受欢迎”之意。所以选A。13．Amongthefollowingsituations，inyouropinion，whoislikelytotipmost?A．AFrenchmanjustquarreledwiththebarberwhodidhishairbadlyinNewYork.B．AnAmericanjusthadawonderfuldinnerinawellknownrestaurantinNewYork.C．AJapanesebusinessmanaskedforapizzadeliveryfromaPizzaHutinNewYork.D．AChinesestudentenjoyedhismealinafamousfastfoodrestaurantinNewYork.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“InAmerica，thecustomcameintobeingalongtimeago.Itisregardedaspartoftheacceptedcostofaservice”可知，美国人有给小费的习俗。故B选项最适合。14．Wecaninferfromthispassagethat________.A．tippingisnolongeragoodwaytosatisfysomecustomersthemselvesB．tippingisespeciallypopularinNewYorkC．tippinginAmericacanmakeservicebetternowD．tippinghassomethingtodowithpeople’scharacter答案　D 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段首句中“countriesinwhichpeoplearemoresocialoroutgoingtendtotipmore”可知付小费与人们的性格有一定关系。故选D。[二]It’sthattimeofyearwhenpeopleneedtolocktheircars.Isitbecausetherearemanycriminalsstealingcars?Notindeed.Rather，it’sbecauseofgoodheartedneighborswhowanttosharetheirharvest.Sharonrecentlyhasagoodyearfortomatoes.Sheandherfamilyhadeatenandcannedsomanythatthey’dbeguntofeeltheirskinturnslightlyred.That’swhenshedecideditwastimetoshareherblessings.Eventuallyshefoundaneighborwillingtohavethetomatoes.“Feelfreetotakewhateveryouwant，”Sharontoldher.Laterthatday，Sharonfoundthathergardenhasindeedbeenharvested.Shethoughtitagoodwaytohelpsomeoneandthefooddidn’tgotowaste.Afewdayslater，theneighborknockedatthedoor，holdingaloafofbread:“Iwanttothankyouforallofthetomatoes，andIhavetoadmitthatItookafewotherthingsandhopedyouwouldn’tmind.”Sharoncouldn’tthinkofanythinginhergardenthathadbeenworthharvestingandsaidso.“Butyoudid，”theneighborsaid.“Youhadsomeoftheprettiestzucchini.”Sharonwasconfused.Shehadn’tevenplantedanyzucchini.Butherneighborinsistedthattherewerebrightgreenzucchini.Sharon’scuriositygotthebetterofherandshehadtogotoseewherethezucchinihadgrown.Whentheneighborpointedatthelonggreenvegetables，Sharonsmiled.“Well，actually，thosearecucumbersthatweneverharvested，becausetheygottoobig，softandbitter.”TheneighborlookedatSharon，shockwrittenalloverherface.Shehesitatedafewtimes，andthensmiling，heldoutthebread，partofabatch(一批生产量)shehadsharedallovertheneighborhood，“Ibroughtyoualoafofcucumberbread.Ihopeyoulikeit.”语篇解读　莎伦家的西红柿获得丰收，由于自家吃不完便让邻居自己到园子里摘，邻居摘西红柿的同时也摘了自认为是西葫芦的又软又苦的黄瓜，并做成面包送给了邻居们。15．WhatmighthappenifacarwereleftunlockedinSharon’sneighborhoodat harvesttime?A．Itcouldbestolen.B．Itmightbeloadedwithvegetablesorfruits.C．Neighborsmightborrowit.D．Itsownerwouldbewarnedbytheguards.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Rather，it’sbecauseofgoodheartedneighborswhowanttosharetheirharvest.”可知，这里的harvest指的是自家种的蔬菜瓜果之类的东西，锁车是因为热心肠的、想要分享他们的收获的邻居可能会往车里装蔬菜瓜果。故选B。16．HowdidSharonfeelwhenshefoundhergardenharvested?A．Delighted.B．Confused.C．Annoyed.D．Surprised.答案　A解析　推理判断题。第二段提到Sharon找到了一个愿意摘走她的西红柿的邻居，并让邻居随便摘取，再根据“Shethoughtitagoodwaytohelpsomeoneandthefooddidn’tgotowaste.”可知，当Sharon发现有人去过她的园子摘西红柿时，她应是感到高兴的。17．WhichisTRUEabouttheloafofbread?A．ItwasbakedforSharononly.B．Theneighborhadtastedit.C．Itwasmadefromzucchini.D．Itmightnottastegood.答案　D解析　推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知，邻居摘走的并不是西葫芦，而是Sharon一家不想摘的黄瓜，因为黄瓜长得太大、太软而且味道太苦了；再根据最后一段中的“Ibroughtyoualoafofcucumberbread.”可知，邻居正是用这些黄瓜做的面包，由此可推知，这种黄瓜面包可能不好吃。故选D。[三]I’vebeenreallyluckythisyear.NotonlydidIhavetheopportunitytolivein France，butIwasabletoseesomeothercountrieswithmygirlfriend.NowsheisstudyinginEssen，alargecityinWesternGermany.Irecentlywenttostaywithher—itwasmyfirstvisittoGermany!Essenisaverylargecity.IthasalltheconveniencesofanylargecitysoIfeltimmediatelyathome.Ilovedthevarietyofshops，restaurants，shoppingmalls，cocktailbars，nightclubs，parksandevenalake.Thereisalsoacitywidenetworkoftrams，whichmakesgettingaroundapieceofcake!Ifoundthepeopletobereallyfriendly，andmostGermansspeakverygoodEnglishwhichmadelifeeasyforme.IwassurprisedbythecasualattitudetoalcoholinGermany，whereitseemsnormalforpeopletodrinkbeeronthestreet，oronthetram.MygirlfriendandIvisitedtwofamouslocalcities，DüsseldorfandCologne，whicharebothontheRhineRiver.Düsseldorfisanurbanmetropoliswithagreatvarietyofrestaurants.WetookaboattourontheriverandwentuptheRhineTower，areallytallbuildingwhichoffersgreatviewsacrossthecity.Cologne，asyoumightknow，isworldfamousforitsperfumes.Thecathedralthereisanunmissablelandmark.Wemadetheefforttoclimbtothetopofoneofthecathedral’stowers.Thespiral(螺旋的)stairsseemedendless，butitwasworthwhilefortheimpressivesightsfromthetop.WealsowentinacablecarovertheriverandtastedaGermandelicacycalled“Spaghettieis”whichisicecreamwithstrawberrysauce!IalsogottotrythefamousGermansausage.Imustadmit，Ireallyenjoyedthefood!Theonlydisappointmentwasthegreyandrainyweather，whichprovesthatBritaindoesnothavetheworstweatherinEurope!11．Whydidthewriterfeelluckythisyear?A．HewillhaveachancetoliveinGermany.B．HemethisgirlfriendinFrancebychance.C．HegotanopportunityoflearninginGermany.D．HewasabletoliveinFranceandvisitothercountries.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“NotonlydidIhavetheopportunitytolivein France，butIwasabletoseesomeothercountrieswithmygirlfriend.”可知，作者认为自己今年幸运是因为他不但有机会在法国生活，而且也能和女朋友一起参观几个其他的国家。故选D项。12．WhatdoDüsseldorfandColognehaveincommon?A．Theyarebothfamousforuniqueperfumes.B．TheybothservetraditionalGermansausage.C．Theybothhavemanytowerswithalonghistory.D．Theybothofferwonderfulviewsfromthetowertop.答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后五句可知，两座城市都能让人从塔顶欣赏到美景。故选D项。13．Accordingtothewriter，whichcountryhastheworstweatherinEurope?A．Britain.B．Germany.C．France.D．Italy.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Theonlydisappointmentwasthegreyandrainyweather，whichprovesthatBritaindoesnothavetheworstweatherinEurope！”可知，作者对德国阴沉、多雨的天气感到失望，并表示这证明了英国不是欧洲天气最糟的国家。由此可推知作者认为在欧洲天气最差的国家为德国。故选B项。14．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．AnUnforgettableTripB．AGuidetoGermanyC．MyFirstVisittoGermanyD．ABriefIntroductionofGermany答案　C解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者第一次去德国旅游的经历以及对这个国家的印象，故C项最能概括文章的大意。[四]TherearemanypeoplewhocouldbeOlympicChampions.I’destimate(估计 )fivemillionpeoplecouldhavebeatenmeinthepolevault(撑杆跳高)ontheyearswhenIwonit，atleastfivemillion.Menwerestronger，bigger，andfasterthanIcouldhavedoneit，buttheyneverpickedupapole，nevermadetheeffortstovaulttheirlegsoffthegroundtotrytogetoverthebar.Greatnessisallaroundus.It’seasytobegreatbecausegreatpeoplewillhelpyou.Whatwasfantasticaboutalltheconventions(大会)Iwenttowasthatthegreatestinthebusinesswouldcomeandsharetheirideas，theirmethodsandtheirtechniqueswitheveryoneelse.Ihaveseenthegreatestsalesmenshowingyoungsalesmenexactlyhowtheydidit.Theydidn’tholdback.Ihavealsofoundittrueintheworldofsports.I’llneverforgetthetimeIwastryingtobreakDutchWarmerDam’srecord.Iwasaboutafootbelowhisrecord，soIcalledhimonthephone.Isaid，“Dutch，canyouhelpme？Iseemtohaveleveledoff.Ican’tgetanyhigher.”Hesaid，“Sure，Bob，comeonuptovisitmeandI’llgiveyouallIgot.”Ispentthreedayswiththemaster，thegreatestpolevaulterintheworld.Forthreedays，Dutchgavemeeverythinghe’dseen.TherewerethingsthatIwasdoingwrongandhecorrectedthem.Tomakealongstoryshort，Iwentupeightinches.Thatgreatguygavemethebestthathehad.Greatpeoplewillshare.Greatpeoplewilltellyoutheirsecrets.Lookforthem，callthemonthephoneorbuytheirbooks.Gowheretheyare，getaroundthemandtalktothem.Itiseasytobegreatwhenyougetaroundgreatpeople.语篇解读　作者通过自己从身边伟大的人身上受益的亲身经历，号召人们要勇于向伟大人物学习，以提高自己。11．Theauthorofthispassagemustbe.A．aworldrecordholderinpolevaultB．aDutchpolevaulterC．anOlympicChampionD．astudentofWarmerDam’s答案　C解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第一、二句“Therearemanypeoplewhocouldbe OlympicChampions.I’destimate(估计)fivemillionpeoplecouldhavebeatenmeinthepolevault(撑杆跳高)ontheyearswhenIwonit，atleastfivemillion.”可知，作者是撑杆跳高世界冠军，故选C。12．Theunderlinedphrase“leveledoff”inParagraph3probablymeans“”．A．gonedowninlevelB．stayedinacertainlevelC．goneupinlevelD．progressedon答案　B解析　词义猜测题。此处指作者给打破世界纪录的运动员打电话询问为什么自己处于停滞状态没有提高。leveloff平稳状态，停滞不前，故选B。13．Whydoestheauthorthinkwelloftheconventionsheattended?A．Becausemanygreatpeoplealsoattendedthem.B．Becausetheyweresupportedbymanygreatbusinessmen.C．Becausehelearnedtosharehisgreatnesswithothers.D．Becausegreatpeoplewerewillingtoshare.答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后三句“Ihaveseenthegreatestsalesmenshowingyoungsalesmenexactlyhowtheydidit.Theydidn’tholdback.Ihavealsofoundittrueintheworldofsports.”可知选D。[五]Ifyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife，newresearchmaycomeasashock.Accordingtoarecentscientificstudy，peoplewhodoaverystrenuousworkoutareaslikelytodieaspeoplewhodonoexerciseatall.ScientistsinDenmarkhavebeenstudyingover1,000joggersandnonjoggersfor12years.Thedeathratesfromthesamplegroupindicatethatpeoplewhojogatamoderatepacetwoorthreetimesaweekforlessthantwoandahalfhoursintotalareleastlikelytodie.Thebestspeedtojogatwasfoundtobeabout5milesperhour.Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnonjoggers.Thescientiststhinkthatthis isbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(动脉)．Overtime，thiscancauseseriousinjuries.PeterSchnohr，aresearcherinCopenhagen，said，“Ifyourgoalistodecreaseriskofdeathandimprovelifeexpectancy，joggingafewtimesaweekatamoderatepaceisagoodstrategy.Anythingmoreisjustunnecessary，anditmaybeharmful.”Theimplicationsofthisarethatmoderateformsofexercisesuchastaichi，yogaandbriskwalkingmaybebetterforusthan“ironman”events，triathlonsandlongdistancerunningandcycling.AccordingtoJacobLouisMarott，anotherresearcherinvolvedinthestudy，“Youdon’tactuallyhavetodothatmuchtohaveagoodimpactonyourhealth.Andperhapsyoushouldn’tactuallydotoomuch.”14．Theunderlinedword“strenuous”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto“”．A．hardB．regularC．practicalD．flexible答案　A解析　词义猜测题。此处指像马拉松一样的锻炼，所以strenuous应与hard意思相近，表示“艰苦的，费力的”。regular定时的；practical实用的；flexible灵活的。下文第二段第四句中的“peoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnonjoggers”与句相对应，由此可猜出strenuous与hard意思相近。15．TheauthorpresentssomefiguresinParagraph2to.A．suggestgivingupjoggingB．showrisksofdoingsportsC．providesupportiveevidenceD．introducetheresearchprocess答案　C解析　写作目的题。作者在第二段中采用了列数字的方法，是为了提供支持的证据，能更有力地说明第一段的研究结论。16．Accordingtothescientists，whyistoomuchexerciseharmful? A．Itmayinjuretheheartandarteries.B．Itcanmakethebodytiredout.C．Itwillbringmuchpressure.D．Itconsumestoomuchenergy.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知，过度运动会导致心脏和动脉结构发生变化，从而有损健康。17．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Joggingisthebestexercise.B．Moreexercisemeansahealthierlife.C．Marathonsrunnersareleastlikelytodie.D．Properexercisecontributestogoodhealth.答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，过度锻炼不仅没有必要，而且还可能有害，适当的锻炼会有助于健康。[六]Twentyyearsago，Oliver’sbackinjuryruinedherchildhooddreamofbecomingaballetdancer.ButtheinjuryledhertotaichiwhenOliversawaposterforataichiclassanddecidedtotrythemysteriousChinesesport.“IwasactiveandcouldnotbearrestinginbedandIthoughtIhadtofindsomewaytorecover，”sherecalls.Shewasstruckbythebeautifulmovementsandthe“nice，patientinstructor—Nelson”，wholaterbecameherhusband.ThecoupleopenedataichischoolintheUK.Buttheysoonfoundthemselvesinabottleneck.SothecoupledecidedtomovetoChina.TheytaughtEnglishinuniversitiesandlearnedtaichiundervariousmasters.Afteryearsofpractice，Oliverfoundheroccasionalbackacheshaddisappeared.ButthreeyearsaftermovingtoChinatopursuetheirdream，Nelsondied，bringinghermuchpain.Shethoughtofquitting，butconsideringthecareerinwhichherhusbandtookpride，shestucktoit.Shesayshertaichi“family”—themastersandstudents—alsoprovidedgreatsupport，includingherthentutorDongBing.Shespeaksoftheirfirstmeeting：“Ihadbeentoldthathisskillwasofavery highlevelandforsomereasonIhadamentalimageofapowerful，bigman.Butmyfellowpointedtoasmall，thinoldgentleman，sittingontheground.Thenasuddenfeelingofpleasurehitme.Ofcoursethiswasexactlythekindofpersonwhowouldbeataichimaster—thelastpersonyoucouldimagine.Hisideaisthatoneshouldnotpursuewealthandfamebutshouldendeavor(尽力)tobehappyandshareone’sknowledgeandwisdomwithothers.”Followingthemaster，Olivernowlearnstoliveasimplelife—oneperhapsmoretraditionalthanmanyChinese.Shedoestaichiinthemorning，makeskungfuteaforguestsanddrawsinkwashbamboopaintings.Shespendshertimeoutsidetaichiattendingculturalexchangeevents.语篇解读　本文为记叙文，讲述的是Oliver因一次背伤断送了自己成为芭蕾舞演员的梦想，后来她坚持练习太极并治好了背伤的故事。11．WhydidOliverdecidetotrytaichi?A．Shecouldn’tjoininotheractivesports.B．Shehadnootherchoice.C．Shewantedtocontinueherdream.D．Shewantedtorecover.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“IthoughtIhadtofindsomewaytorecover”可知，答案为D。12．WhatistheTUREcauseleadingthecoupletoChina?A．BeingattractedbyChineseculture.B．Desiringtolearnmoreabouttaichi.C．DevelopingtheircareerinChina.D．BeinginvitedtoteachEnglishinChina.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Buttheysoonfoundthemselvesinabottleneck.SothecoupledecidedtomovetoChina...andlearnedtaichiundervariousmasters.” 可知，他们遇到了瓶颈，因此决定搬到中国，在不同的大师的指导下学习太极，即他们去中国是为了更多地学习太极。13．WhatmadeOliverkeepplayingtaichi?A．Herlovefortaichi.B．HertutorDongBing.C．Herfellow’sencouragement.D．Nelson’sprideintaichi.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“butconsideringthecareerinwhichherhusbandtookpride，shestucktoit”可知，太极是丈夫引以为豪的事业，因此Oliver决定坚持下去。14．What’sOliver’sattitudetowardsDongBing?A．Appreciative.B．Doubtful.C．Supportive.D．Satisfied.答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“asuddenfeelingofpleasurehitme.Ofcoursethiswasexactlythekindofpersonwhowouldbeataichimaster...happyandshareone’sknowledgeandwisdomwithothers”可知，Oliver对董兵是很欣赏的。[七]Somepeoplethinkthattheywillgetilliftheyusetheirbrains(大脑)toomuch.Itisnottrue.Throughmanystudies，scientistsshowusthatthemoreyouuseyourbrains，thebettertheywillbe，andtheclevereryouwillbecome.Ofcourse，ifyouwanttokeepyourmindclearandactive，youmusttakeaproperrestandstudyproperly.Totheteenagers，usingtheirbrainsinthemorningisgoodfortheirhealth.Therearemanywaystorest.Oneisapeacefulrest.Sleepisapeacefulrest.Anotherisanactiverest.Forexample，takeawalkoutdoors，domorningexerciseseveryday.Tochangethewayofthebrains’activitiesisalsoagoodwaytorest.Ineverydaylife，toeatsomeeggs，meat，freshvegetablesandfruitisalsogoodforthebrains.Wishyouawisemanandahappylife. 15．Accordingtothewriterofthepassage，ourbrainsshouldbeused.A．hardlyB．moreoftenC．seldomD．attimes答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Throughmanystudies，scientistsshowusthatthemoreyouuseyourbrains，thebetteritwillbe，andtheclevereryouwillbecome.”可知，我们的大脑应该用得更频繁。故选B。16．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A．Sleepisakindofgoodrest.B．Therearedifferentactivitiesforagoodrest.C．Goingoutforarestisanactiverest.D．Doingmorningexercisesisapeacefulrest.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第四、五句“Anotherisanactiverest.Forexample，takeawalkoutdoors，domorningexerciseseveryday.”可知，做早操是积极的锻炼。故选D。17．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Thebrainswillbebetteriftheyareusedoften.B．Fruitsarethemostimportantforthebrains.C．Illnesscomesfromthefactthatthebrainsareusedtoomuch.D．Sleepistheonlywayofhavingarest.答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Throughmanystudies，scientistsshowusthatthemoreyouuseyourbrains，thebettertheywillbe，andtheclevereryouwillbecome.”可知，经常使用大脑会更聪明。故选A。18．Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowtoRestB．HowtoUseYourBrainsC．HowtoBecomeaWiseManD．KeepYourMindClear 答案　B解析　标题归纳题。文章主要谈论的是怎么使用大脑。故选B。[八]Asthe2016Presidentialelectionisapproaching，UShighschoolstudentshavebecomemoreinterestedintheelection.TheyhopetohaveasayindecidingthenextUSpresident.Wilentzsaidthecountryneedschange.“EventhoughIwillnotbeoldenoughtovoteinthenextpresidentialelection，myvoicematters.”Wilentzsaid.“DiscussionsImayhavewithmypeers，debateswithteachersandcommunicationwithmyparentsallowmetobeheardandgivemyopinionsmeaning.”Jean，aformervotedirector，saidteenagersshouldbepayingattentiontothepresidentialelectionbecausemanyhighschoolstudentswillbeofvotingagebyelectiontime.Shesaidcandidateshaveviewsandpositionsoncertaintopicsthatmayaffectteens’lives.OhayonisconcernedaboutissuesthatyoungerAmericansface，suchasthecostofcollegeeducation.Ohayonsaid，“Itismyresponsibilitytotrytopersuademyparentsandotheradultstoconcernthemselveswiththeissuesimportanttotheyoungergenerationwhilevoting.”Jeansaidteenagerscanalsoinfluencetheelectioninotherwaysbygettinginvolvedincampaigns.Shesuggeststhatteenagerswhoactuallybelieveinoneofthecandidatesfindthelocalofficesforacampaignandvolunteer.Campaignvolunteersarrangematerials，wavesignsandgointoneighborhoodstodropoffbrochuresandtrytogetthewordout.语篇解读　文章主要讲述了美国青年对大选很感兴趣，他们希望在选举美国下一届总统的时候有说话的权利。14．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．TheUSAneedssomechanges.B．Teenagersmakethefinaldecision.C．U.S.Presidentialelectionapproaches.D．Teenagersshowinterestinelection.答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。文章第一段“Asthe2016Presidentialelectionisapproaching，UShighschoolstudentshavebecomemoreinterestedintheelection.TheyhopetohaveasayindecidingthenextUSpresident.”开篇点题，说明了本文的中心，美国青年对大选很感兴趣，他们希望在选举美国下一届总统的时候有说话的权利，所以答案是D。15．WhichofthefollowingopinionswillJeanagreewith?A．Teensareoldenoughtovote.B．Debateshelpteens’viewsheard.C．Parentsshouldconsiderkids’views.D．Candidates’viewsmayaffectteens’lives.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Shesaidcandidateshaveviewsandpositionsoncertaintopicsthatmayaffectteens’lives.”可知，Jean认为候选人的观点会影响青年人的生活，所以答案选D。16．WhichcandidatemightOhayonadvisehisparentstovotefor?A．Oneagainstincreasingincometax.B．Oneforimprovingcampussecurity.C．Oneagainstloweringuniversityfees.D．Oneforloweringunemploymentrate.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“OhayonisconcernedaboutissuesthatyoungerAmericansface...”可知Ohayon关心的问题是美国的年轻人遇到的事情，四个选项中只有B、C两项涉及到青年，C项“反对降低大学学费”不符合逻辑，所以答案是B。17．Howcanteenagersinfluencetheelection?A．Byvotingforacandidate.B．Byvolunteeringincampaigns.C．Byfightingforrightstovote.D．Bytakingleadintheelection.答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Campaignvolunteersarrangematerials，wavesignsandgointoneighborhoodstodropoffbrochuresandtrytogetthewordout.”可知青少年对竞选活动的影响是通过志愿者活动来达成的，所以答案是B。[九]ShamiisaspyworkingforMI5，theBritishdomesticsecurityservice.RecentlyhewasinterviewedbytheBBCforthenewTVdocumentaryseries，ModernSpies.Shamiisn’thisrealnameandintheinterviewhisfacewasinshadow，soyoucouldn’tidentifyhim，buthespokeabouthisjobandwhatmotivateshim.TheintervieweraskedShamiifhehasanyhesitationaboutspyingonotherpeople.“No，notatall，”repliedShami.“IknowwhyI’mdoingit.I’mtryingtopreventsomethingmajoroccurringwhichcouldleadtolossoflife.That’smybiggestmotivation.”Askedhowhefeltwhenhewasdoingaspyingactivity，Shamireplied，“Excited.Youfeelalotofpressure，butyouunderstandthetaskinhandandhowseriousitis.Youarethinkingaboutpotentialdangerswhichmightbeathreattoyourself.”Shamiadmittedthathisbiggestfearwasmissingavitalpieceofinformation，somethingthatwouldgoontocauselossoflife.ShamisaidthatthereweresomeotherintelligenceofficersworkingatMI5’sLondonheadquarters.Spieslikehimareoutonthegroundwhiletheothers’jobistoanalyzeintelligencefromavarietyofdifferentsources.Hepointedoutthatvitalpiecescomefromhumansourcesoragentsfromwithinsuspectedterroristorganizations—astandardplotlineinHollywoodmovies，buthethought007waspurefantasy.“ThekeyelementoftheJamesBondmythisthatwearesomekindofillegalorganization—that’snotthecase.AndIcertainlywouldn’tbethekindoflonewolfinthefilms.”11．motivatesShamitocarryouthisjob.A．TospyonpeopleB．TopreventlossoflifeC．ToanalyzeimportantinformationD．Togetexcitementfromdanger 答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“IknowwhyI’mdoingit.I’mtryingtopreventsomethingmajoroccurringwhichcouldleadtolossoflife.That’smybiggestmotivation.”可知，阻止丢失生命激励着Shami从事他的工作。故选B。12．Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat.A．ShamioncemissedsomeimportantinformationB．ShamiisrarelystressedoutwhendoingataskC．thefilm007wasareflectionofShami’sreallifeD．MI5isalegalorganization答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“ThekeyelementoftheJamesBondmythisthatwearesomekindofillegalorganization—that’snotthecase.”可知，MI5是一个合法组织。故选D。13．Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeans.A．ShamineverfeltlonelybecausehecouldseefilmsB．ShamiwasnottheleadingactorinthefilmC．ShamiworkedonateamratherthansinglehandedlyD．Shamineededthehelpofawolfforhisjob答案　C解析　句意猜测题。根据最后一段可知，不同的间谍分工不同：有的负责在总部分析情报，有的则在外执行任务。任务的完成是大家共同合作的结果，而不是像电影里詹姆斯·邦德一样单枪匹马完成任务。故选C。14．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AReallifeSpyB．ModernSpiesC．SpyMoviesD．ComparisononSpies答案　A解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是现实生活中的一个间谍的故事，而非大多数人印象中的电影里的间谍。故选A。[十]SincetheinventionofGuitarHeroandsimilarcomputergames，itisnolonger necessarytoimaginewhatitwouldbeliketoplayalongwiththeBeatles—youcancometogetherwiththeminthevirtualworld.BillWyman，formerbassplayerintheRollingStones，haspointedoutthatmusicvideogamesdiscouragekidsfromlearningtoplayrealinstruments.Myownexperiencesuggestsquitetheopposite.Lastyear，IboughtGuitarHeroⅢforour14yearoldson，Jack.Jackquicklymasteredtheprocessandenteredanintenseperiodofplayingthegame.Afewmonthslater，whileIwasawayontour，acoupleofhisfriendscamearoundwitharealelectricguitar.PlayingGuitarHerohadtaughtthemhowtoplayalongtoatrack.Nowtheywantedtoseeiftheycouldapplythattotherealthing.Jack’sfriendstaughthimhowtoplayalongtohisfavouritesongsusingjusthisindexfingeronthebassstring.Hegotitrightaway.GuitarHerohadhelpedhimoverthefirstdifficultyforguitarplayers—howtostrum(拨弄)thestringswithonehandwhilemakingchord(和弦)shapeswiththeother.HeneverplaysGuitarHeronow，preferringtorockoutinthegaragewithhismates.Despitemyattemptsatgettinghimtolearnaninstrument，itwasGuitarHerothattaughthimthebasicsofplayingandbuiltuphisconfidencetotheextentthathewasabletomakearecognisablesoundthefirsttimehepluggedin.Solet’snotcomplainaboutagamethatencourageskidstobecomemusicfansand，inourson’scase，givesthemthebasicskillsneededtolearnhowtoplayguitar.11．What’sBillWyman’sattitudetowardsmusicvideogames?A．Approving.B．Negative.C．Unconcerned.D．Curious.答案　B解析　推理判断题。由第二段的“BillWyman...haspointedoutthatmusicvideogamesdiscouragekidsfromlearningtoplayrealinstruments.”可知，BillWyman认为音乐电子游戏不利于孩子学习演奏真正的乐器。12．ThefirsttimeJackplayedwitharealelectricguitar，he. A．diditsuccessfullyB．taughthisfriendshowtoplayC．didn’tknowhowtostrumthestringsD．didn’tknowhowtoplayalongtoasong答案　A解析　细节理解题。由第四段的描述，尤其是末句“Hegotitrightaway.”可知，作者的儿子很快就学会了如何弹奏真正的吉他。13．Jack’scaseshows.A．GuitarHeroisausefulgameB．kidsshouldlearnaninstrumentC．parentsshouldencouragetheirkidsD．computergamesareharmfulforkids答案　A解析　推理判断题。作者讲述儿子如何利用音乐电子游戏学会弹吉他是为了表明自己的观点：GuitarHero很有用。最后两段谈到GuitarHero教会儿子弹吉他的基本知识，增强了他的自信心。14．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．ANewComputerGameB．TheStoryofaGuitaristC．InDefenceofGuitarHeroD．TheBestWaytoPlayGuitar答案　C解析　标题归纳题。有人认为音乐电子游戏不利于孩子学习演奏真正的乐器，可作者并不这么认为。他认为像GuitarHero这样的电子游戏很有用。文章最后的“Solet’snotcomplainabout...”也表明了作者的态度。从始至终，他都在为GuitarHero辩护。故选C项。