2020届高考英语外研版大一轮复习课后达标检测：选修7Module4 7页

‎(建议用时：30分钟)‎ 阅读理解 A ‎ (2019·济南高考模拟)It’s OK to say you’ve never heard of grime—unless you’re from the U．K. That’s because this music was invented in the U．K. in the early 2000s.‎ To someone who’s not familiar with underground music culture, it’s easy to get confused between hiphop and grime since they are both noisy. And many people didn’t bother to tell them apart, until earlier this month when grime stars like Stormzy and J Hus led this year’s MOBO Awards— “Music of Black Origin” —nominations(提名) in the U．K.‎ Just like U．K. electronic music and hiphop, from which grime drew influence, it mostly reflects the thoughts of young people. But different from hiphop, grime singers sing in dialects with strong accents, giving a special flavor to their songs.‎ Lady Leshurr, known as the “Queen of Grime”， said that she once tried to hide her accent, as she didn’t want people to judge her. But one day, she realized that she didn’t need to change herself just to please others. And there’s no doubt that this is the most basic and important quality of grime music: be yourself.‎ Also different from the hiphop culture, which usually focuses on being rich, grime singers pay more attention to social phenomena like the European refugee problem and the gap between the rich and poor.‎ Although still quite young, grime seems to be getting favored by more and more people. In 2016, the English grime artist Skepta won the Mercury Prize with his album Konnichiwa, beating big names like David Bowie and Radiohead. However, no matter whether grime is one day accepted by the mainstream music world or not, one thing is for sure: in grime, singers always stay true to themselves.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了英国的地下音乐形式grime，这种音乐与嘻哈音乐有着些许不同：相比嘻哈音乐，grime音乐歌手更关注社会问题。‎ ‎1．What do hiphop and grime music have in common?‎ A．They are originated in the U．K.‎ B．They make a lot of loud noise.‎ C．They challenge traditional culture.‎ D．They are full of creative ideas.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“it’s easy to get confused between hiphop and grime since they are both noisy”可知，人们很容易把hiphop和grime音乐弄混，因为它们都很吵，故hiphop和grime音乐的共同之处在于它们的声音都很大，故选B项。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．Electronic music.　　　 B．Hiphop.‎ C．Grime music. D．Black music.‎ C　解析：代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Just like U．K. electronic music and hiphop”可知，画线词it所指代的音乐与英国electronic music和hiphop相似，因此it就不能指代这两种音乐，故排除A、B选项；根据 “But different from hiphop, grime singers sing in dialects with strong accents, giving a special flavor to their songs.”可知，与hiphop不同的是，grime歌手用带有浓重口音的方言演唱，赋予了他们的歌曲一种特殊的韵味，因此画线词it指的就是grime音乐，故选C项。‎ ‎3．What can be learned about grime singers?‎ A．They care too much about themselves.‎ B．They refuse to be judged by others.‎ C．They tend to take social responsibility.‎ D．They show strong independence qualities.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“grime singers pay more attention to social phenomena like the European refugee problem and the gap between the rich and poor”可知，grime歌手更多地关注社会现象，比如欧洲的难民问题、贫富差距。因此grime歌手承担了社会责任，故选C项。‎ ‎4．What does Skepta’s success suggest?‎ A．Grime is gradually getting recognized.‎ B．Singers should try to be themselves.‎ C．Grime has become mainstream music.‎ D．It is easy to win the Mercury Prize.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Although still quite young, grime seems to be getting favored by more and more people.”可知，尽管grime音乐诞生时间不长，但它正在受到越来越多的人的认可与支持，grime歌手Skepta的成功证明了这一点，故选A项。‎ B ‎(2019·洛阳第一次统考)It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rain forest.Without it we would not have grown into primates(灵长类动物)．Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat.Without competition, Columbus wouldn’t have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.‎ The friendship, like all relationships between two people, involves competition.It isn’t competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes.Perhaps the ecological definition—the simultaneous(同时的) demand by two or more organisms for ‎ limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light—better explains it.‎ As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of Darwin’s theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing(分类) take place. In high school, friendship coexists with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact, in some circumstances, competition is too much of a burden for friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective.Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a student’s fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.‎ Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life.It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork.Healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy(妒忌)can tear friendship apart.Yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争能够增进友谊，而恶性的竞争则会破坏友谊。‎ ‎5．What does the ecological definition mainly explain?‎ A．How friends compete with each other.‎ B．How to win the competition.‎ C．What the result of competition is.‎ D．What competition exactly is.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，该句的主干是Perhaps the ecological definition better explains it，其中 “it” 指代的是前一句中的“competition”。两个破折号之间的内容解释的是“the ecological definition”。句意：两个或更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光——这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争(的含义)。故选D项。‎ ‎6．According to the author，what causes the high school students to compete?‎ A．The number of them is too large.‎ B．Friendship is a burden for them.‎ C．They know the laws of nature well.‎ D．They are divided into different groups.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名和分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选A项。‎ ‎7．Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition?‎ A．Friendship is always based on competition.‎ B．The degree of competition is vital to friendship.‎ C．Competition is terribly harmful to friendship.‎ D．Competition is a result of lost friendship.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy(妒忌) can tear friendship apart.”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争则会使友谊破裂。因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。‎ ‎8．What does the author think of “competition” ?‎ A．The results of competition are out of control.‎ B．Competition becomes fiercer in high school.‎ C．Competition is certain to happen in high school.‎ D．Friendship is not as important as competition in high schools.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Nevertheless，by necessity，competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life.”可知，作者认为竞争是必然存在于高中生活的各个方面中的。故选C项。‎ 完形填空 ‎(2019·昆明教学质检)A few years ago I chose a “word of the year” to practise. As I began in 2014, I looked forward to how the word “ 1 ” would shape the coming year. ‎ I planned to give a gift each day for the 2 year. Some gifts would take time to prepare, but some of the other gifts came about more 3 ，such as helping someone cross the street. But either way, I always tried to seek a(n) 4 to serve.‎ Some gifts in 2014 5 reading to my next door’s kids. I 6 reading as my gift of the day. My mind is still crowded with precious 7 now.‎ Twice I 8 a few coins on the sidewalk for a kid to find. It may have cost a few 9 ， but I considered it a chance to 10 another person’s day. Along the way, I also made my own day pleasant.‎ One of my most 11 gifts throughout the whole year was letting other 12 go ahead of me in line at stores. For the sixth time, 13 standing in line at a store one day, my son told me somebody 14 us had only two things to 15 . I waved to the person to take our place in line. The few 16 minutes of wait time passed with my hardly realizing it. They were minutes passing 17 ．‎ Although this act of 18 didn’t deserve something surprising, it remains one of my 19 gifts of 2014—and all because I saw how my 20 to give had become part of my children’s lives as well.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在2014年选择 “礼物” 一词作为年度词汇来塑造未来一年，并抒发了乐于助人，手留余香的感受。‎ ‎1．A.luck　　　　　　　　　 B．gift C．health D．money B　解析：根据下文反复出现的“gift”可判断出答案为B。luck “幸运，运气”；health “健康”；money “钱”。‎ ‎2．A.entire B．same C．previous D．final A　解析：根据第五段的“throughout the whole year”可知，此处指整个(entire)一年。same“相同的”；previous “以前的”；final “最终的”。‎ ‎3．A.formally B．regularly C．gradually D．naturally D　解析：根据空后“such as helping someone cross the street” 的举例可知，其他的一些礼物是自然而然(naturally)给予的。formally “正式地”；regularly “定期地，有规律地”；gradually “渐渐地”。‎ ‎4．A.job B．routine C．opportunity D．excuse C　解析：但是无论哪种方式，作者总是试图抓住机会(opportunity)去服务他人。job “工作”；routine “常规”；excuse “借口，理由”。‎ ‎5．A.involved B．suggested C．required D．kept A　解析：2014年的一些礼物包括(involved)给邻居家孩子读书。suggest “建议”；require “需要，要求”；keep “保持，继续”。‎ ‎6．A.turned down B．looked on C．took in D．put away B　解析：作者把给邻居家孩子读书看作(looked on)当天的礼物。turn down “关小，减少”；take in “吸收，欺骗”；put away “把……收起来”。‎ ‎7．A.events B．changes C．motivations D．memories D　解析：作者脑海里现在仍充满了以前珍贵的记忆(memories)。event “事件，大事”；change “变化，改变”；motivation “动机，积极性”。‎ ‎8．A.abandoned B．made C．left D．forgot C　解析：根据上下文可知，‎ 作者再次把一些硬币留(left)在人行道上让小孩发现。abandon“放任，狂热”；make “制造，使”；forget “忘记”。‎ ‎9．A.cents B．checks C．books D．goods A　解析：作者可能只花了几分钱(cents)。check “支票”；book “书籍”；goods “货物”。‎ ‎10．A.shorten B．brighten C．start D．appreciate B　解析：根据空后一句中的“made my own day pleasant”可知此处表示照亮(brighten)他人的一天。shorten “缩短，变短”；start “开始，创办”；appreciate “感激，欣赏”。‎ ‎11．A.expensive B．available C．expected D．repeated D　解析：根据空处所在句中的“One of my most gifts” 以及下文中的“For the sixth time”可以看出作者多次(repeated)送出这种礼物。expensive “昂贵的”；available “可获得的，有空的”；expected “预料的”。‎ ‎12．A.friends B．relatives C．customers D．managers C　解析：根据空后的“at stores”可知，作者一整年多次送出的礼物之一是在商店让其他顾客(customers)在作者前面排队。‎ ‎13．A.while B．once C．since D．though A　解析：while表示 “当……时”，符合语境。once “一旦”；since “既然”；though “虽然”。‎ ‎14．A.beyond B．behind C．ahead of D．next to B　解析：根据下文中的“I waved to the person to take our place in line.”可知，the person就是空处所在句中的somebody，由此可知那个人应该是在作者和他儿子的后面(behind)排队。beyond “超过”；ahead of “在……的前面”；next to “紧邻，几乎”。所以选项B正确。‎ ‎15．A.donate B．serve C．purchase D．share C　解析：排在作者和他儿子后面的那个人只购买(purchase)了两样东西。donate “捐献”；serve “服务，伺候”；share “分享”。‎ ‎16．A.necessary B．endless C．urgent D．extra D　解析：额外的(extra)几分钟的等待时间在不知不觉中就过去了。necessary “‎ 必要的”；endless “无休止的，无穷无尽的”；urgent “紧急的，紧迫的”。‎ ‎17．A.rapidly B．slowly C．casually D．painfully A　解析：时间过得真快(rapidly)。slowly “慢慢地”；casually “不经意地”；painfully “痛苦地”。‎ ‎18．A.uniting B．progressing C．receiving D．giving D　解析：根据第四、五段的内容可知，此处表示这种给予的(giving)行为。所以选项D正确。‎ ‎19．A.extreme B．favorite C．strangest D．richest B　解析：根据语境可知，这是作者2014年最喜欢的(favorite)礼物之一。extreme “极端的，极度的”；strange“奇怪的”；rich“富有的，昂贵的”。‎ ‎20．A.ability B．arrangement C．choice D．hesitation C　解析：根据第一段可知，几年前，作者选择用一年的时间践行一个词，2014年作者选择的是 “gift”，因此此处指作者的选择(choice)。ability “能力”；arrangement “安排”；hesitation “犹豫”。‎