2020届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit5Firstaid单元学案（29页） 29页

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit 5First aid单元学案 Part Ⅰ　Warming Up & Reading　‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.重点单词 ‎1.temporary adj.暂时的；临时的 ‎2.choke vi.& vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息 ‎3.organ n.器官 ‎4.barrier n.屏障；障碍(物)‎ ‎5.complex adj.复杂的 ‎6.liquid n.液体 ‎7.scissors n.(pl.)剪刀 ‎8.squeeze vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨 ‎9.vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 ‎10.symptom n.症状；征兆 ‎11.pour vt.& vi.倒；灌；注；涌 ‎12.damp adj.潮湿的 ‎13.bleed vi.& vt.流血→blood n.血；血液 ‎14.injury n.损伤；伤害→injure vt.使受伤；弄伤→injured adj.受伤的 ‎15.poison n.毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的 ‎16.mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly adv.轻微地；温和地 ‎17.swell vi.& vt.(使)膨胀；隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的 ‎18.unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的→bearable adj.可忍受的；能应付的→bear v.忍受 ‎19.variety n.变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→vary vi.变化；变动→various adj.各种各样的 Ⅱ.核心短语 ‎1.first__aid　　 (对伤患者的)急救 ‎2.fall__ill 生病 ‎3.get__injured 受伤 ‎4.a__variety__of 各种各样的 ‎5.electric shock 触电；电休克 ‎6.squeeze out 榨出；挤出 ‎7.over and over again 反复；多次 ‎8.in place 在适当的位置；适当 Ⅲ.经典句式 ‎1....it is where__you__feel__cold，heat__or__pain and it gives you your sense of touch.‎ ‎……正是皮肤使你感到冷热和疼痛，它还使你有触觉。‎ ‎2.So as__you__can__imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.‎ 因此，你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非常严重。‎ ‎3.Remove clothing using scissors if__necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.‎ 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉，必要时可使用剪刀。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.联想记单词：同义反义记单词 ‎①temporary adj.暂时的；临时的→permanent adj.永久的→contemporary adj.当代的；现在的 ‎②vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的→important/be of great importance ‎③aid n.& vt.帮助；援助；资助→help n.& vt.帮助→assist vt.帮助；协助→support n.& vt.支持；帮助→give/lend sb a hand 帮助 ‎2.转化 ‎①poison n.毒药；毒害→vt.毒害；使中毒 ‎②treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待→n.款待；招待 ‎3.合成 ‎①nose(鼻子)＋bleed(出血)→nosebleed n.鼻出血；流鼻血 ‎②cup(杯子)＋board(平板)→cupboard n.橱柜；衣柜 ‎ ‎ 阅读清障 ‎①first aid(对伤患者的)急救 ‎②essential/I'senʃl/adj.最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的 ‎③organ/'ɔːɡən/n.器官 ‎④layer/'leIə/n.层；层次 ‎⑤act as充当，担任 ‎⑥barrier/'bærIə/n.屏障；障碍(物)‎ ‎⑦poison/'pɔIzn/n.毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒 ‎⑧ray/reI/n.光线；射线 ‎※此处为which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词three layers of skin。‎ ‎⑨function/'fʌŋkʃn/n.功能，作用 ‎⑩complex/'kɒmpleks/adj.复杂的 ‎※keeps you warm or cool为“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构。‎ ‎※prevent...from doing...“阻止……做……”，其中from可以省略。‎ ‎※此处为where引导的表语从句，where在从句中作状语。‎ ‎⑪sense of touch触觉 ‎※此处为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代后面的全部内容。‎ ‎⑫treatment/'triːtmənt/n.治疗；处理 ‎⑬variety/və'raIətI/n.变化；多样(化)‎ a variety of各种各样的 ‎⑭liquid/'lIkwId/n.液体 ‎⑮radiation/ˌreIdI'eIʃn/n.辐射；射线 ‎※现在分词短语作状语，其中which从句作on的宾语。‎ ‎⑯mild/maIld/adj.轻微的；温和的 mild sunburn轻微的晒伤 ‎⑰pan/pæn/n.平底锅；盘子 ‎⑱stove/stəʊv/n.炉子；火炉 ‎※过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰burns。‎ ‎⑲heal/hiːl/vi.& vt.(使)康复；(使)化解 ‎⑳severe/sI'vIə(r)/adj.十分严重的，极为恶劣的 severe sunburn严重的晒伤 ‎○21tissue/'tIʃuː/n.(生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸 ‎○22electric shock触电；电休克 ‎○23swollen/'swəʊlən/adj.肿胀的 swell/swel/vi.& vt.(swelled，swollen)(使)膨胀；隆起 ‎※when pressed是省略了主语和be动词的时间状语从句。本句的完整形式为：First degree burns turn white when they are pressed。‎ ‎○24rough/rʌf/adj.粗糙的；粗略的；粗暴的 ‎○25blister/'blIstə/n.水泡 vi.& vt.(使)起泡 ‎○26watery/'wɔːtərI/adj.(似)水的 ‎○27char/tʃɑː/vi.烧焦 ‎○28nerve/nзːv/n.神经；胆量 ‎○29damage/'dæmIdʒ/vt.损害，伤害n.损害，损失 ‎○30scissors/'sIzəz/n.(pl.)剪刀 ‎○31stick/stIk/(stuck，stuck)v.粘贴，粘住 ‎※此处为unless引导的条件状语从句，其中主句中的using scissors为现在分词短语作方式状语。if necessary为省略形式，其完整形式为if it is necessary。‎ ‎○32take off脱下，摘掉；起飞；匆忙离开；取消 ‎○33jewellery/'dʒuːəlri/n.珠宝，首饰 ‎※此处It为形式主语，后面的不定式短语为真正的主语。‎ ‎○34unbearable/ʌn'beərəbl/adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的 ‎○35put sth back将……放回 ‎○36basin/'beIsn/n.盆；盆地 a basin of一盆……‎ ‎○37squeeze out榨出；挤出 squeeze/skwiːz/vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨 ‎○38over and over again反复；多次 ‎※此处为as引导的原因状语从句。‎ ‎○39wound/wuːnd/n.伤口；创伤 vt.使受伤；伤害 ‎○40infect/In'fekt/vt.传染，使感染 ‎○41bandage/'bændIdʒ/n.绷带 ‎※此处为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a dry，clean bandage。‎ ‎○42in place在适当的位置；适当 ‎○43ointment/'ɔIntmənt/n.药膏；油膏 ‎○44infection/In'fekʃn/n.传染；传染病；感染 infectious/In'fekʃəs/adj.传染性的，感染的 ‎※此处为as引导的原因状语从句。‎ ‎※if在本句中引导条件状语从句，后面的if possible为插入语，其完整形式为：if it is possible。‎ ‎○45sit up坐直，坐起来；熬夜，迟睡 ‎○46vital/'vaItl/adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 ‎※it is vital(for sb)to do sth 意为“(对某人来说)做某事是至关重要的”，其中it为形式主语，后面的不定式短语为真正的主语。‎ 原文呈现 FIRST AID① FOR BURNS The skin is an essential② part of your body and its largest organ③.You have three layers④ of skin which act as⑤ a barrier⑥ against disease，poisons⑦ and the sun’s harmful rays ‎⑧. The functions⑨ of your skin are also very complex⑩：it keeps you warm or cool；it prevents your body from losing too much water；it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch⑪.So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.First aid is a very important first step in the treatment⑫ of burns.‎ Causes of burns You can get burned by a variety⑬ of things：hot liquids⑭， steam，fire，radiation⑮ (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.‎ Types of burns There are three types of burns.Burns are called first, second or third degree burns，depending on which layers of the skin are burned.‎ ‎•First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin.These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two.Examples include mild⑯ sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan⑰， stove⑱ or iron for a moment.‎ ‎•Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin.These burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal⑲.Examples include severe⑳ sunburn and burns caused by hot liquids.‎ ‎•Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue○21 and organs under the skin.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks○22, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires.These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.‎ Characteristics of burns ‎　First degree burns ‎　　　　•dry, red and mildly swollen○23‎ ‎　　　　•mildly painful ‎　　　　•turn white when pressed ‎　Second degree burns ‎　　　　•rough○24, red and swollen ‎　　　　•blisters○25‎ ‎　　　　•watery○26 surface ‎　　　　•extremely painful ‎　Third degree burns ‎　　　　•black and white and charred○27‎ ‎　　　　•swollen; often tissue under them can be seen ‎　　　　•little or no pain if nerves○28 are damaged○29；may be pain around edge of injured area.‎ First aid treatment ‎1Remove clothing using scissors○30 if necessary unless it is stuck○31 to the burn.Take off○32 other clothing and jewellery○33 near the burn.‎ ‎2 Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes.(The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable○34 and reduces swelling.) Do not put cold water on third degree burns.‎ ‎3 For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back○35 in a basin○36 of cold water，squeezing them out○37 and placing them on the burned area over and over again○38 for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.‎ ‎4 Dry the burned area gently.Do not rub，as this may break any blisters and the wound○39 may get infected○40.‎ ‎5 Cover the burned area with a dry，clean bandage○41 that will not stick to the skin.Hold the bandage in place○42 with tape.Never put butter，oil or ointment○43 on burns as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection○44 .‎ ‎6If burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if possible.If burns are on the face，the victim should sit up○45.‎ ‎7 If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital○46 to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.‎ 课文译文 烧伤急救 皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体最大的器官。皮肤有三层，它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳的有害光线的一道屏障。皮肤的功能也十分复杂：它能保暖或散热，保持体内水分不过多流失。正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮肤还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，情况就会非常严重。治疗烧伤，急救是非常重要的第一步。‎ 烧伤的原因 你可能会被各种各样的东西烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(靠近高温或火等)、太阳、电或者化学物品。‎ 烧伤的种类 ‎ 烧伤有三类：根据皮肤的烧伤层分为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。‎ ‎•一度烧伤：这些(烧伤)只影响皮肤的最上层。这些烧伤不严重，在一两天内应该就会有所好转。例子包括轻微的晒伤，以及碰触到热锅、炉子或熨斗而导致的烫(烧)伤。‎ ‎•二度烧伤：这些(烧伤)影响了皮肤的最上层和第二层。这类烧伤比较严重，需数周才能痊愈。例子包括严重的晒伤和由灼热的液体所造成的烧伤。‎ ‎•三度烧伤：这些(烧伤)影响所有三层皮肤以及皮下的组织和器官。例子包括因触电、着火的衣服或汽油(燃烧)而引起的大火所导致的烧伤。这些烧伤会造成非常严重的伤害，受伤者必须立即去医院。‎ 烧伤的特点 一度烧伤 ‎•干燥、发红、微肿 ‎•微痛 ‎•受压时变白 二度烧伤 ‎•粗糙、发红、肿胀 ‎•起水泡 ‎•表层渗液 ‎•极其疼痛 三度烧伤 ‎•发黑、发白并被烧焦 ‎•肿胀，通常可看到皮下组织 ‎•若损坏了神经，则有轻微的疼痛感或没有疼痛感，或者可能在烧伤面四周有疼痛感。‎ 急救处理 ‎1除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。靠近烧伤面的其他衣服和首饰也都要去掉。‎ ‎2立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水。最好是把烧伤的部位放在慢慢流动的自来水下(冲洗)大约10分钟。(凉水可阻止烧伤的进程，阻止疼痛变得无法忍受，并减轻肿胀的程度。)三度烧伤不可用冷水冲洗。‎ ‎3对于一度烧伤，把清凉、干净的湿布放在烧伤面上，直到不太痛为止。对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再把它们放在烧伤面上，这样反复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛为止。‎ ‎4轻轻地把烧伤面弄干。不要摩擦，因为这样(做)可能会擦破水泡，伤口可能会感染。‎ ‎5用干燥、洁净而且不粘皮肤的绷带盖住烧伤面，用胶布把绷带固定。千万不要在烧伤处涂黄油、油或药膏，因为它们会使伤口里面的热散不出去，(从而)可能导致感染。‎ ‎6如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。如果是面部烧伤，伤者则应该坐起来。‎ ‎7如果伤害是二度或三度烧伤，立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院是至关重要的。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.In which order are these topics covered in the text？Number them from 1 to 5.‎ ‎__3__ the three types of burns ‎__5__what to do if someone gets burned ‎__1__the functions of the skin ‎__4__the symptoms of burns ‎__2__how we get burns Ⅱ.Choose the best answers according to the text.‎ ‎1.In the text，burns are sorted according to the ________ of the skin burned.‎ A.layer B.function C.type D.area ‎2.Which of the following is NOT the function of the skin according to the text?‎ A.It protects you against disease，poisons and the sun’s harmful rays.‎ B.It helps the heart beat.‎ C.It can keep you warm or cool.‎ D.It prevents your body from losing water and gives the sense of touch.‎ ‎3.When cooling burns，cool water is used to do the following EXCEPT ________.‎ A.stop the burning process B.prevent the pain becoming unbearable C.reduce swelling D.prevent any blisters being broken ‎4.Which of the following first aid treatment is RIGHT according to the text?‎ A.Take clothing off the burned area even though it is stuck to the burn.‎ B.Do not put cold water on second degree burns.‎ C.If burns are on the face，the victim should sit up.‎ D.If the injuries are second degree burns，it is unnecessary to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.‎ ‎5.If someone gets burned and his hands get black and white and charred，it belongs to ________.‎ A.the first degree B.the second degree C.the third degree D.none of the above 答案　1.A　2.B　3.D　4.C　5.C Ⅲ.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.‎ ‎1.Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ 主干句→Often the illness or injury is not serious，‎ ‎　　　　↓but并列句(表转折)‎ ‎　　but there are other times ‎　　　　　↓when引导的定语从句 when giving first aid quickly can save lives.‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　通常情况下这种疾病或损伤不是很严重，但也有一些时候迅速实施急救能挽救人的生命。‎ ‎2.So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.‎ ‎[句式分析]　‎ 主干句→it can be very serious ‎　　　↓if引导条件状语从句 if your skin gets burned ‎　　　↓as引导非限制性定语从句 as you can imagine ‎[尝试翻译]　因此，你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非常严重。‎ ‎3.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.‎ ‎[句式分析]　‎ Remove__clothing using__scissors if__necessary 主句　　　　方式状语　　if省略句 unless__it__is__stuck__to__the__burn.→unless条件句 ‎[尝试翻译]　除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉，必要时可使用剪刀。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.aid n.& vt.帮助；援助；资助 First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.(教材P33)‎ 急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。‎ ‎(1)first aid (对伤患者的)急救 with the aid of sb在某人的帮助下 in aid of...为了(帮助)……‎ come to one’s aid 来帮助某人 ‎(2)aid sb in sth/doing sth 在某方面帮助某人 aid sb with sth 以某物帮助某人 aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 ‎①Foreign aid from many countries poured into the earthquake－hit area.‎ 来自许多国家的援助纷纷到达地震灾区。‎ ‎②One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.‎ 一位车站工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙。‎ ‎③The moment he saw the poor girl on TV，he determined to aid her in continuing her study.‎ 在电视上一看到这名可怜的女孩，他就决定要帮助她继续她的学业。‎ ‎2.injury n.损伤；伤害 Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.(教材P33)‎ 通常情况下这种疾病或损伤不是很严重，但也有一些时候迅速实施急救能挽救生命。‎ ‎(1)do sb an injury (＝ do an injury to sb)伤害某人 be an injury/injuries to sb/sth 对某人/某物的伤害 ‎(2)injure v.使受伤；损害；伤害(感情)‎ ‎(3)injured adj.受伤的 get injured受伤害 ‎①He made his mind that he wouldn’t do her an injury/do an injury to her.‎ 他决心不让她受到一点伤害。‎ ‎②There is no doubt that what you said was an injury to her fame.毫无疑问你所说的话有损她的名声。‎ ‎③He got injured__(injury)in the accident，and he was sent to the hospital immediately.‎ 他在这次事故中受伤，被立刻送往医院。‎ ‎3.variety n.变化；多样(化)；多变(性)‎ You can get burned by a variety of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation (by being close to high heat or fire，etc)，the sun，electricity or chemicals.(教材P34)‎ 你可能由于各种原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。‎ ‎(1)a variety of＝ varieties of 各种各样的 ‎(2)various adj.(＝ varieties of/a variety of) 各种各样的；不同种类的 ‎①A variety of measures have been taken to improve the people’s living conditions.‎ 已经采取了各种各样的措施来改善人们的生活条件。‎ ‎②There are a variety of after－class activities in our school，which benefit us a lot.‎ ‎＝There are varieties__of__ after－class activities in our school，which benefit us a lot.‎ ‎＝There are various (vary) after－class activities in our school，which benefit us a lot.‎ 我们学校有各种各样的课外活动，它们对我们很有益处。‎ ‎4.squeeze vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨 For second degree burns，keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.(教材P34)‎ 对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把湿布放回冷水中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。‎ squeeze into/in 挤入；塞进 squeeze out 榨出；挤出 squeeze through 挤过 ‎①Tom took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water out.汤姆脱下了湿衣服，拧干水。‎ ‎②I squeezed myself __into__a crowded bus with great difficulty.我好不容易挤上拥挤的公共汽车。‎ ‎③The dog squeezed through the small hole in the wall.那条狗挤过了小小的墙洞。‎ ‎5.vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or ‎ hospital at once.(教材P35)‎ 如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。‎ be of vital importance ……是至关重要的 be vital to/for sth对……极为重要的 It is vital to do sth.做……很重要。‎ ‎①It is obvious that protecting the environment is of vital importance.‎ 很显然保护环境是至关重要的。‎ ‎②As is known to all，perseverance is vital to/for success.众所周知，毅力对于成功是至关重要的。‎ ‎③As for the work，it is vital to__keep(keep)accurate records.就这项工作而言，做好准确的记录非常重要。‎ ‎6.pour vt.& vi.倒；灌；注；涌；不断涌向；下大雨 Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.(教材P35)‎ 山姆弄破了水泡，还从冰箱里取出冰水倒在皮肤上。‎ pour in/into 涌进 pour out of 从……中涌出来 pour down (雨)倾盆而降 pour out 倾诉 ‎①The Great Wall is such a well－known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.‎ 长城是个有名气的旅游景点，每年都有数百万计的人蜂拥而至。 ‎ ‎②The crazy football fans poured out__of the stadium cheering wildly.　‎ 狂热的足球迷们欣喜若狂地从体育场中蜂拥而出。‎ ‎③Some students often pour out their trouble to their teachers.‎ 有些学生经常向老师倾诉他们的烦恼。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.fall ill 生病 fall silent 安静下来 fall asleep 入睡；睡着 fall in love with ...爱上……‎ fall into the habit of ...形成……习惯 fall into debt欠债 ‎①She had to stay at home because her son fell ill yesterday.昨天因为儿子生病她得待在家里。‎ ‎②He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.‎ 他正要入睡时突然听到很大的敲门声。‎ ‎③He fell__in__love__with the notebook computer the first time he saw it.‎ 他第一次看到这个笔记本电脑就喜欢上了它。‎ ‎[名师指津]　fall ill强调突然病倒，是短暂性动词短语，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，而be ill表示生病的状态，是延续性动词短语，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。‎ ‎④The teacher fell ill suddenly while she was giving class.Since then she has been ill for half a year.‎ 那位老师上课时突然生病。自那时起她已经病了半年了。‎ ‎2.in place在适当的位置；适当 Hold the bandage in place with tape.(教材P35)‎ 用胶布把绷带固定。‎ ‎(1)out of place 不合适；不在恰当的位置 in the first place 首先；第一 in place of 代替 ‎(2)take place 发生 take the place of 代替 ‎①The librarian put the returned books in place.‎ 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。‎ ‎②In__the__first__place，I’d like to introduce my dear teacher，Mr Smith，to you.‎ 首先，我想把我亲爱的史密斯老师介绍给你们。‎ ‎③Robson came on to take the place of Wilkins ten minutes before the end of the game.‎ ‎＝Robson came on in__place__of Wilkins ten minutes before the end of the game.‎ 比赛结束前十分钟罗布森上场替代了威尔金斯。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1....it is where you feel cold，heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.(教材P33)‎ ‎……正是皮肤使你感到冷热、疼痛，它还使你有触觉。‎ 本句中where you feel cold，heat or pain是where引导的表语从句，where表示“……的地方”，相当于the place where，在表语从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎①Beijing is where you can see ancient and modern cultures.‎ 在北京你会看到古代文化和现代文化交织在一起。‎ ‎②The shop is where__I__bought__the__electric__bike yesterday.这家商店就是我昨天买电动车的地方。‎ ‎③You shouldn’t leave your son alone at home.This is where__I__disagree__with__you.‎ 你不能把你儿子单独留在家里，这就是我不同意你的地方。‎ ‎2.So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.(教材P33)‎ 因此，你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非常严重。‎ as引导的非限制性定语从句，as 在句中作宾语，指代的是“if your skin gets burned it can be very serious”。‎ as引导的定语从句的表达方式有：‎ as we can see 正如我们所看到的 as we all know/as is known to all 我们都知道 as is/was reported 正如报道的那样 as is often the case 这是常有的事 as was mentioned above 正如上面所提到的 ‎①As is known to all，shoes play an important role in our life，for it can protect our feet from being hurt.‎ 众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用，因为它能保护我们的脚免受伤害。‎ ‎②The hall，as__is__often__the__case，becomes very crowded.大厅里挤满了人，情况常常如此。‎ ‎③As was__reported (report)，over 100 people were killed in the mountain collapse of Mao County.‎ 正如报道的那样，一百多人死于茂县山体坍塌。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.A cold，fever and headache are the usual __symptoms (症状) of flu.‎ ‎2.Reading is of vital (至关重要的) importance in language learning.‎ ‎3.The four－year－old boy choked (窒息) to death after swallowing a coin.‎ ‎4.Heart is one of the most important organs (器官) for man，birds and animals.‎ ‎5.Do keep the poison (毒药) away from your children.‎ ‎6.These regulations would place barriers (障碍) in the way of research.‎ ‎7.You cannot work out such a complex (复杂的) problem in just a few minutes.‎ ‎8.Cut the lemon in half and squeeze (榨；挤) the juice out into the bowl.‎ ‎9.We would have put John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury(受伤).‎ ‎10.When he was in danger，nobody came to his __aid(援助).‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 a variety of，squeeze through，in place，be vital to，pour down，fall ill，first aid，get injured ‎1.My mother used to be in good health，but she fell__ill suddenly last week.‎ ‎2.He fell off his bike and his left leg got__injured.‎ ‎3.What a pity that I couldn’t give first__aid to the patient.‎ ‎4.There will be a__variety__of exhibits in the exhibition in Italy.‎ ‎5.He managed to squeeze__through the crowd at last.‎ ‎6.It was at midnight when rain was pouring__down.‎ ‎7.As everyone can see，education is__vital__to the country’s future.‎ ‎8.It is important to put him or her in__place and quickly dress the wound.‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1.There are a__variety__of__plants in the garden.‎ 花园里有各种各样的植物。‎ ‎2.There’s no denying that the attack did__a__severe__injury__to__his__reputation.‎ 不可否认，这次攻击对他的名誉造成了严重的损害。‎ ‎3.In__the__first__place，I think it very important to make more friends abroad.‎ 首先，我认为在国外多交朋友是非常重要的。‎ ‎4.As__you__can__see__in__the__picture，many students are riding bikes to school.‎ 正如你在图片里看到的那样，很多学生骑自行车去上学。‎ ‎5.We have a lot in common；that__is__where we can cooperate.‎ 我们有很多共同之处；这就是我们能合作的地方。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1.When he got up from the ground，he found his knee bleeding (bleed).‎ ‎2.He said mildly (mild) to me that he didn’t mean to upset me.‎ ‎3.My professor aided me to__continue(continue)my study.‎ ‎4.There are varieties of flowers shown in the park and various people go to have a look.(vary)‎ ‎5.He got injured (injury) in the battle and had his leg broken.‎ ‎6.The orange looks dry，but you may be able to squeeze out a few drops.‎ ‎7.As is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.‎ ‎8.Cars and factories give out poisonous (poison) gas every day.‎ ‎9.You’d better put things back in place.Otherwise，it will be difficult to find things.‎ ‎10.It is vital that we should protect wild animals.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.He fell off his bike and his left leg got injury.‎ ‎ injury→injured ‎2.There is a wide variety of flowers in the park.‎ is→are ‎3.Don’t take anything away.Mother likes everything to be in the place.去掉the ‎4.Don’t eat the food that has gone bad，or you will be ill.‎ be→fall ‎5.With aid of a compass the traveler can find the land. with后加the ‎6.The rain came pouring out，and of course the track meeting was canceled. out→down Ⅲ.课文语法填空 The skin，which acts as a barrier 1.against disease，poisons and the sun’s harmful rays，is an essential part of your body. So if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. Depending on 2.which layers of the skin are burned，they are called first，second，third degree burns. First degree burns make an effect 3.on only the top layer of the skin and it turns white when 4.pressed (press).Second degree burns include severe sunburn and burns 5.caused (cause) by hot liquids. Third degree burns cause little or no pain if nerves are damaged；they may be pain around edge of injured area. If possible，we should do some first aid. First，remove clothing using scissors if necessary 6.unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing near the burn.‎ Cool burns immediately with cool 7.but not icy water which prevents the pain becoming 8.unbearable (bear) and reduces swelling. It is 9.helpful (help) to squeeze cool cloths out from a basin and place them on the burned area over and over again. Hold the bandage 10.in place with tape if necessary. Lastly，it is vital that we should get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once if the situation becomes worse and worse.‎ Ⅳ.阅读理解 A First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from worsening and provide relief from pain. First aid must be given as quickly as possible. In the case of the seriously injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.‎ First aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的) injury and paralysis(瘫痪).‎ Despite the variety of injuries possible, several basic rules of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious(有意识的), should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病) or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for the medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.‎ First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life－threatening conditions ‎ exist. One method for assessing a victim’s condition is known by ABC，which stands for：‎ A—Airway：is it open and clear?‎ B—Breathing：is the person breathing? Look, listen，and feel for breathing.‎ C—Circulation：is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin colour and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文讲述了急救的必要性及急救时应注意的问题。‎ ‎1.Before we give first aid to a victim，it is very important for us ________.‎ A.to make sure what to do and what not to do B.to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid C.to remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing D.to take him/her to a hospital at once 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do.可推知答案。]‎ ‎2. According to this article, first aid is usually provided by ________.‎ A. professional doctors B. the victim’s family members C. the victim’s friends D. those who are not necessarily professional doctors 答案　D　[根据第一段第一句First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available.可知，急救主要是由非专业医生来进行的。]‎ ‎3.Which of the following is NOT true when you assess a victim’s condition?‎ A.Checking whether there is a pulse.‎ B. Looking, listening and feeling for breathing.‎ C. Replacing his/her medical card.‎ D. Examining whether the airway is open and clear.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据One method for assessing a victim’s condition is known by ABC，which stands for：A—Airway：is it open and clear？B—Breathing：is the person breathing? Look, listen，and feel for breathing；C—Circulation：is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin colour and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.所描述的注意事项可知，C项不正确。]‎ ‎4. The purpose of the passage is to tell readers ________.‎ A. the importance of protecting the accident scene B. some basic knowledge about first aid C. what professional medical help is D. who can give first aid 答案　B　[主旨归纳题。本文介绍了急救带来的帮助、急救应注意的问题等，因此，B项正确。]‎ B Dear Readers，‎ Medical related emergencies are on the rise. More seniors are seeking an independent lifestyle and better quality of life. Over 1 in 3 people over the age of 64 will fall this year. Nearly half will not be able to get up without support.‎ Medical expenses can increase when a person is not given timely support. You can prevent a medical catastrophe with our 24－hour emergency response system. Our solution is highly ‎ recommended by doctors, healthcare professionals, and hospitals.‎ We are offering a FREE Medical Alert System to seniors or their loved ones who call now.For a limited time, there will be no set－up fees and the medical monitoring starts at less than a dollar a day. The system is top－ranked and easy－to－use. The pendant is 100% waterproof and it can travel with you. Our new system can detect falls automatically.‎ Call Toll－Free 1－800－360－0405 and gain peace of mind. There is no long－term contract. Our medical alert professionals can walk you through everything over the phone.‎ The first 100 callers to order will receive：‎ ‎•Free Medical Alert System($300 Value)‎ ‎•24 Hours a Day/7 Days a Week LIVE Monitoring and Support ‎•Free Waterproof Necklace Pendant or Wristband ‎•No Long－Term Contract ‎•Free Shipping Don’t wait until after a fall to give us a call. Take advantage of this special offer now to protect yourself or a loved one.‎ Call Now Toll－Free 1－800－360－0405.‎ Sincerely，‎ Jim Nelson ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要是给读者推荐一种老人医疗预警系统。‎ ‎5. What’s the function of the Medical Alert System?‎ A. To detect your falls automatically.‎ B. To prevent all kinds of diseases.‎ C. To monitor medical treatments.‎ D. To gain peace of mind.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Our new system can detect falls automatically”可知，这个医疗预警系统的功能是可以自动检测出老人是否摔倒，故选A。]‎ ‎6. What will the first 100 callers to order receive?‎ A. 300 dollars.‎ B. Free Waterproof Wristband.‎ C.A long－term contract.‎ D. Timely medical support.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第五段第三条“Free Waterproof Necklace Pendant or Wristband”可知，前100名打电话预订的人可以获得免费的防水项链挂件或者腕带，故选B。]‎ ‎7. In which column may you find this article in a magazine?‎ A. Economy. B. Education.‎ C. Psychology. D .Advertisement.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据全文的整体内容可知，本文是一篇广告，是关于一款针对老年人的医疗预警系统的推介，故选D。]‎ Ⅴ.七选五 What’s the easiest way to stay warm in the super cold? __1__.At least that’s what Santa Claus (圣诞老人)told me.‎ Over Christmas, Dennis and I went to Finland. We brought back some tips for keeping warm in a cold temperature.‎ ‎1.Three layers (层) work wonders.‎ Start with the base layer, which sits right on your skin：choose something absorbent (吸汗的).__2__.A sweater is a good choice. The most important layer is the outer clothes, which should be waterproof(防水的) and windproof.‎ ‎2.__3__.‎ You lose heat from every millimeter of uncovered skin, which was the biggest lesson I learned on the trip. My whole body was well covered. But I missed one spot：my face. So it often felt like the wind was going to blow my nose off.‎ ‎3.Exercise, don’t just stand still.‎ When it’s cold，exercising may be the last thing you feel like doing, but be smart.__4__， and you will feel the difference. When we first got to Finland, we were freezing. But after a couple of minutes jumping around, we felt less cold.‎ ‎4.If you have a heater ...‎ You may want to turn it all the way up, but it’s best to keep it at between 18 and 20 degrees.__5__， but not create a huge difference between inside and outside.‎ A. Grow a crazy beard B. The key is what you layer C. Cover every bit of your skin D. That will keep you comfortable E. Take a walk, faster than your normal speed F. Don’t forget to keep your hands and feet warm，too G. The middle layer keeps your body heat from getting away ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了对抗严寒的几种办法。‎ ‎1.A　[根据该空后的At least that’s what Santa Claus told me以及我们对圣诞老人外貌特征的了解可知，A项内容符合此处语境。]‎ ‎2.G　[G项内容与上一句中的Start with the base layer和下文中的The most important layer...相并列，并共同构成该段小标题Three layers的内容。]‎ ‎3.C　[根据该段首句中的You lose heat from every millimeter of uncovered skin以及作者的亲身经历可知，一定要遮盖每一寸肌肤。]‎ ‎4.E　[根据该段的小标题Exercise，don’t just stand still可知，E项内容是运动的例子之一，符合该处语境。]‎ ‎5.D　[根据该空前的it’s best to keep it at between 18 and 20 degrees可知，加热器的温度控制在18至20度之间可以让你感觉舒适，但又不至于造成室内外巨大的温差。]‎ Part Ⅱ　Grammar——省略 ‎[思维导图]　‎ ‎ 为了避免重复，将句子中的一个或几个成分省去，这种语法现象叫省略。省略是避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。英语中的省略有下列几种情况。‎ 一、简单句的省略 ‎1.祈使句的省略。在祈使句中，通常省略主语you。‎ ‎(You)Go down this street and turn right at the second crossing.‎ 请(你) 沿着这条街走，然后在第二个十字路口向右拐。‎ ‎2.There be 句型的省略。‎ ‎(Is there) Anything else?‎ ‎(还有)其他东西吗？‎ ‎3.疑问句的答语省略。‎ ‎—Are you from America?‎ ‎—Yes，I am (from America).‎ ‎——你来自美国吗？‎ ‎——是的，我是(来自美国)。‎ ‎4.感叹句的省略。在what和 how引起的感叹句中常省略主语和be动词。‎ What a beautiful city (it is)!‎ ‎(这是)多么美丽的城市呀！‎ 二、并列句中的省略 在由and或but连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复的词或词组。‎ He went out of the room and (he) closed the door.‎ 他走出房间，关上门。‎ The news made me angry，but(the news made) John happy.这条消息使我生气，却让约翰高兴。‎ 三、复合句中的省略 ‎1.宾语从句的省略 宾语从句中，连词that常省略，但当有多个并列宾语从句时，只能省略第一个that。‎ He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.‎ 他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。‎ ‎2.状语从句的省略 表示条件、时间、地点、方式或让步等的状语从句的谓语含有be动词，且从句的主语又和主句中的主语一致，或者主语是it时，常把从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。‎ When(it is) necessary，I will turn to you for help.‎ 必要的时候我会向你求助的。‎ Look out for cars when (you are )crossing the street.‎ 过街时要当心车辆。‎ ‎3.定语从句中的省略 若引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作宾语，该关系代词一般可省略。‎ The car(which/that) his father gave him as a birthday present was stolen.‎ 他父亲送给他的作为生日礼物的那辆汽车被盗了。‎ 四、几种特殊的省略 ‎(一)比较结构的省略 在“the＋比较级，the＋比较级” 结构中和由than和as引导的比较句式中，常会有一些成分在上下文清楚的情况下被省略。‎ The sooner (you do it)，the better (it will be).‎ ‎(你做得)越快(结果就会)越好。‎ They don’t use more water than (it is) necessary.‎ 他们使用的水没有超出需要量。‎ ‎(二)不定式的省略 ‎1.并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不省略to。‎ The book is intended to be read and not (to) be torn.‎ 这本书是供人阅读的而不是供人撕毁的。‎ The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，not to make it more difficult.‎ 新技术的目的是要让生活更轻松自在，而不是让生活更困难。‎ ‎2.某些使役动词如make，let，have等，和感官动词如see，watch，notice，observe等，后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。‎ My mother wouldn’t let me go to see the film.‎ 我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。‎ He was noticed to leave the office.‎ 有人注意到他离开了办公室。‎ ‎3.不定式to后面的内容也可承前省略，此时所省略的成分相当于do so，但一定要有上下文语境。但倘若承前省略的不定式含有作助动词用的have，be的任何形式，to后要保留原形have或be。‎ I would do it for you，but I don’t know how to (do it for you).‎ 我愿意为你做这件事，但是我不知怎么去做。‎ She has succeeded in the final examination，but in fact，she ought to have (succeeded in the final examination).‎ 她在期末考试中取得了成功，而实际上，她本就该获得成功。‎ ‎4.介词but，except(除了)前有实义动词do的具体形式时，后面的不定式不带to。‎ All he could do was nothing but wait and see.‎ 他所能做的只有等着看看(情况)。‎ ‎(三)虚拟语气中的省略 ‎1.虚拟条件句常省略if，而将were，had，should 提前，构成部分倒装。‎ Had you come here yesterday，you would have met her.‎ ‎＝ If you had come here yesterday，you would have met her.‎ 如果你昨天来这儿的话，你就会见到她了。‎ ‎2.动词advise，suggest (建议)，propose，demand，insist (坚持要求)，require，command，recommend，order 等后的宾语从句及It is ...that ...主语从句中常省略表虚拟语气的should。‎ We insisted that they(should) go with us.‎ 我们坚持要求他们和我们一起走。‎ It is necessary that we(should) learn more words by heart.‎ 我们有必要多记一些单词。‎ It is suggested that we(should) go to see the film.‎ 有人建议我们去看这部电影。‎ ‎(四)介词的省略 ‎1.在英语中一些与动词、名词、形容词搭配的介词常被省略，而只保留后面的动名词：spend time/money (in) doing sth；have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth；prevent/stop sb (from) doing sth She spends half an hour(in) doing some reading every day.‎ 她每天花半小时读书。‎ I have some trouble(in) learning English.‎ 我学英语有困难。‎ What prevented him(from) going?‎ 什么事阻止了他去？‎ ‎2.表示时间的介词at，on和in用在next，last，this，each，these，yesterday，every，tomorrow 等词之前，一般可省略。‎ We have a final exam(in) every term.‎ 每学期我们都举行一次期末考试。‎ ‎(五)使用so，not等的省略 英语中，可以使用so，not 或其他手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。‎ ‎— Can I put my bike here?‎ ‎— You’d better not.‎ ‎——我可以把自行车放在这儿吗？‎ ‎——你最好不要。‎ ‎— Do you think our team will win?‎ ‎— I think so.‎ ‎——你认为我们队会赢吗？‎ ‎——我认为是这样。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.补全下列省略句 ‎1.—I listen to English every day over the radio.‎ ‎—Sounds interesting.(将答语补全)‎ ‎→It__sounds interesting.‎ ‎2.— Do you think the fine weather will keep up?‎ ‎— I don’t believe so.(将答语补全)‎ ‎→I don’t believe the__fine__weather__will__keep__up.‎ ‎3.—Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?‎ ‎—I’d like to，but I promised Nancy to go out with her.(将答语补全)‎ ‎→I’d like to join__you__for__a__quick__lunch__before__class，but I promised Nancy to go out with her.‎ ‎4.Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most haven’t.‎ ‎→Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students haven’t __done__a__first__aid__course.‎ ‎5.Who do you suggest be sent to work there?‎ ‎→Who do you suggest should be sent to work there?‎ ‎6.If possible，I’ll arrive there on time.‎ ‎→If it__is possible，I’ll arrive there on time.‎ ‎7.Keep silent until asked to speak at the meeting.‎ ‎→Keep silent until you__are asked to speak at the meeting.‎ ‎8.He did everything he could to help his girlfriend.‎ ‎→He did everything __that he could __do__to help his girlfriend.‎ ‎9.Do you know the girl he is speaking to?‎ ‎→Do you know the girl whom/that/who he is speaking to?‎ ‎10.He said that the meeting was very important and we all should attend it.‎ ‎→He said that the meeting was very important and that we all should attend it.‎ Ⅱ.用省略形式完成句子 ‎1.When offered__help(被提供帮助时)，one often says “Thank you”.‎ ‎2.— Will it be warmer tomorrow than today?‎ ‎— I hope__so (希望是这样).‎ ‎3.She came back three days later than__expected(比预料的).‎ ‎4.—What made you so angry?‎ ‎—Losing__my__bike(我的自行车丢了).‎ ‎5.—You should have given me a ring before you left.‎ ‎—I__meant__to (我打算给你打电话)，but I was in a hurry that time.‎ Part Ⅲ　Learning about Language & Using Language ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.重点单词 ‎1.throat n.咽喉；喉咙 ‎2.ceremony n.典礼；仪式；礼节 ‎3.ambulance n.救护车 ‎4.scheme n.方案；计划 ‎5.tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地 ‎6.firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地 ‎7.bravery n.勇敢；勇气→brave adj.勇敢的 ‎8.treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待→treatment n.对待；治疗 ‎9.apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→application n.申请→applicant n.申请人 ‎10.pressure n.压力；挤压；压迫(感)→press v.挤；压 Ⅱ.核心短语 ‎1.prevent...from...　　　　　　阻止……‎ ‎2.a__number__of 若干；许多 ‎3.put__one’s__hands__on 找到 ‎4.make__a__difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 ‎5.be on fire 着火 ‎6.be presented with 被授予……‎ ‎7.be proud of 为……感到骄傲 ‎8.get involved in 卷入；介入 Ⅲ.经典句式 ‎1.John __was__studying in his room when he heard screaming.‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。‎ ‎2.It__was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 正是约翰快捷的动作和急救知识挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。‎ ‎3.There__is__no__doubt__that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.联想记单词：各种仪式 ‎①a welcoming ceremony 欢迎仪式 ‎②an opening ceremony 开幕式 ‎③a closing ceremony 闭幕式 ‎2.副词后缀－ly ‎①tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地 ‎②firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地 ‎3.名词后缀－ment treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n.款待；招待→treatment n.待遇；对待；处理；治疗 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 阅读清障 ‎①honour/'ɒnə(r)/vt.给予表扬 n.引起尊重的人(事)；荣幸，光荣 ‎②be presented with被授予 ‎③ceremony/'serImənI/n.典礼；仪式；礼节 a(n) award/opening/closing ceremony颁奖/开幕/闭幕仪式 ‎④bravery /'breIvərI/n.勇敢；勇气 ‎※本句中包含“Sb was doing...when...”结构，意为“某人正在做……，这时(突然)……”。‎ ‎⑤scene/siːn/n.现场 on the scene在现场；当场 ‎⑥stab/stæb/vt.& vi.刺；戳；刺伤(其过去式和过去分词分别为stabbed，stabbed)‎ ‎※现在分词短语作伴随状语。‎ ‎⑦cut off砍掉；中断；阻挡 ‎※本句为强调句，强调了主语John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid。‎ ‎⑧a number of若干(其后接可数名词复数)‎ ‎⑨put one’s hands on找到(相当于find)‎ ‎⑩treat/triːt/vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n.款待；招待 treat sb/oneself to...‎ 用……款待……‎ ‎⑪apply/ə'plaI/vi.手压；涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效 ‎⑫pressure/'preʃə/n.压力；挤压；压迫(感)‎ ‎⑬ambulance/'æmbjʊləns/n.救护车 ‎※此处by applying...作方式状语；until引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……”。‎ ‎⑭scheme/skiːm/n.方案；计划；组织 ‎※When congratulating John为省略了主语he和be动词was的时间状语从句。‎ ‎※There is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”；that引导的是同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容；he learned at school是定语从句，修饰先行词the first aid skills。‎ ‎⑮a knowledge of...……的知识 ‎⑯make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 ‎※过去分词短语hosted...Minister作后置定语，修饰reception。‎ 原文呈现 HEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARD Seventeen－year－old teenager，John Janson，was honoured① at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack.‎ John was presented with② his award at a ceremony③ which recognized the bravery④ of ten people who had saved the life of another.‎ John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene⑤.They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed⑥ repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off⑦.‎ It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. He immediately asked a number of⑧ nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on⑨‎ ‎ any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. John used these to treat⑩ the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying⑪ pressure⑫ to the wounds until the police and ambulance⑬ arrived.‎ ‎“I’m proud of what I did but I was just doing what I’d been taught，”John said.‎ John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme⑭ at his high school. When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton，Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said，“There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life. It shows that a knowledge of⑮ first aid can make a real difference⑯.”‎ Before receiving their awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister.‎ 课文译文 英雄青少年获奖记 ‎17岁的青少年约翰•詹森昨晚在Rivertown的救生员颁奖大会上获奖，因为在一次骇人听闻的持刀袭击案件发生后，他对邻居实施了挽救生命的急救。‎ 在颁奖典礼上，约翰被授予了奖项，这次典礼对挽救他人生命的十个人的勇敢行为进行了表彰。‎ ‎(那天)约翰正在他的房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。他和父亲赶紧冲出去，发现一名男子逃离了现场，而安•斯莱德——三个孩子的母亲，被人连捅数刀。她躺在她的前花园的地上，血流不止。她的双手几乎被砍断了。‎ 正是约翰敏捷的动作和他(所掌握)的急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。他立即向附近的一些人要绷带，但当没人能找到绷带的时候，他的父亲从他们家找到了一些茶巾和胶带。约翰就用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。他使劲按住伤口，使血流得慢些，直到警察和救护车到来。‎ 约翰说：“我为自己所做的事感到自豪，不过，我只是学以致用罢了。”‎ 约翰在读高中时就参加了青年救生员组织。该组织的主任艾伦•萨瑟顿先生在向约翰表示祝贺时说：“毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能救了斯莱德女士的命。这表明急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。”‎ 约翰和其他九位救生员在昨晚领奖前还出席了由首相主持的特殊招待会。‎ ‎ ‎ Fill in the blanks according to the text.‎ Main introduction John Janson received an award at the Lifesaver Awards for giving lifesaving first aid on his 1.neighbour.‎ Para.1 John was presented with his 2.award for saving the life of another.‎ Para.2 Anne Slade had been stabbed with a knife by a(n) 3.man,__with her hands almost 4.cut__off.‎ Para.3 John gave first aid on Anne Slade before the police and 5.ambulance arrived.‎ Para.4 John felt 6.proud__of what he had done.‎ Para.5 Mr Alan Southerton praised John and stressed the importance of grasping the knowledge of 7.first__aid.‎ Para.6 The Prime Minister hosted a special 8.reception for John and the nine other Life Savers before the award ceremony.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n.款待；招待 John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands.(教材P38)‎ 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。‎ ‎(1)treat...as ...把……当作；像……一样对待；处理；看待 treat sb/oneself to sth请客；款待；招待自己/某人 ‎(2)be one’s treat 由某人请客 My treat./It’s my treat.我请客。‎ ‎①I am now in my twenties，but my parents still treat me as a child.‎ 我现在20 多岁了，但父母仍然把我当成孩子一样对待。‎ ‎②Treat yourself to a glass of beer to help you relax.‎ 自己喝杯啤酒放松一下吧。‎ ‎③Just put the money away；it’s my treat today.‎ 把钱收起来，今天我请客。‎ ‎2.apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效 He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.(教材P38)他按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。‎ ‎(1)apply ...to ...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于 apply to ...适用……‎ apply (to ...) for ...(向……)申请……‎ ‎(2)applicant n.申请人 application n.申请；申请书；适用 ‎①We must apply what we have learned to our daily work.‎ 我们必须把所学的知识应用到日常工作中去。‎ ‎②Over the years，he has applied himself to improving (improve) the living conditions of the migrant workers.数年来，他一直致力于改善农民工的生活条件。‎ ‎③She applied to the international school for a job as an English teacher.‎ 她向这所国际学校申请英语教师的职位。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.a number of 若干；许多 He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages，but when nobody could put their hands on any，his father got some tea towels and tape from their house.(教材P38)‎ 他立即向旁边的一些人要绷带，但当他们都没找到绷带的时候，他的父亲从屋里拿出一些擦杯盘的布和胶带来。‎ a number of相当于many，后面跟可数名词的复数形式。在number之前可用great，large，small，good等修饰。该短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式。‎ ‎①Aside from the web cameras，a great number of other high－tech methods are becoming more and more popular.‎ 除了网络相机，还有许多其他的高新技术手段正在变得越来越流行。 ‎ ‎②Only a__small__number__of students attended the evening class.只有少数同学去上夜校。‎ ‎[易混辨析]　a number of/the number of ‎ a number of 修饰可数名词的复数形式，表示“许多；大量”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 the number ‎ of 修饰可数名词的复数形式，表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 ‎[即学即用]　选用上述短语填空 ‎③The number of people invited was(be) fifty，but a number of them were(be) absent for different reasons.被邀请人的数量是五十，但是他们中大部分由于各种原因缺席了。‎ ‎2.make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.(教材P38)‎ 这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ make some/no difference (to ...) (对……)有/没作用或影响 tell the difference (between ...and ...) 辨别/区分(……与……)‎ ‎①You can also make a difference if you have a strong will and never give up.‎ 如果你有坚强的意志，永不言弃，你也能有所作为。‎ ‎②It makes__no__difference/doesn’t make any difference to me whether you come here or not.‎ 对我来说，你来不来都无所谓。‎ ‎③The twins are so alike；it’s difficult to tell the difference(different)between them.‎ 这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.(教材P38)‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。‎ 本句使用了be doing ...when ...句式。此句式的意思为“正在……突然……”，句中的when相当于and then/and at that time，连接两个并列分句。when 作并列连词时常用于下列句型中：‎ sb was doing sth when ...某人正在做某事，就在这时……‎ sb was about to do sth when ...某人正要做某事，就在这时……‎ sb was on the point of doing sth when ...某人正要做某事，就在这时……‎ sb had (just) done sth when ...某人刚做完某事，就在这时……‎ ‎①The pupils were listening to the tape when the electricity was cut off.‎ 学生们正在听录音，这时突然停电了。‎ ‎② I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.‎ ‎＝ I was__on__the__point__of__giving up __when my best friend encouraged me to go on.‎ 我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。‎ ‎③They had just arrived home when it rained.‎ 他们刚到家，雨就下起来了。‎ ‎2.There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.(教材P38)‎ 毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。‎ There is no doubt that ...“毫无疑问……”，其中的that引导同位语从句。‎ ‎①There is no doubt that his advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.‎ 毫无疑问他的优势在于他用英语与外国人交流的能力。‎ ‎②There is no doubt that nearsightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.‎ 在我们国家，年轻人近视无疑是一个很严重的问题。‎ ‎(1)doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether (不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that 引导同位语从句。‎ ‎(2)动词doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定/疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。‎ ‎③There is some doubt whether he will be elected president.他是否能当选总统还有些疑问。‎ ‎④I never doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier.‎ 毫无疑问，特殊班级能够帮助这些有天赋的学生提前毕业。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.The light was red but the ambulance(救护车)drove straight through.‎ ‎2.The notice on the wall says “The school leaving ceremony (典礼) is at 3：00.”‎ ‎3.__Treat(对待)the earth seriously，for it is not given to you by your parents but lent to you by your children.‎ ‎4.He applied(申请)to be sent to the northwest of China.‎ ‎5.His bravery (勇敢) was seen by everyone when he saved the child from the burning house.‎ ‎6.The birth of twins put pressure (压力) on the couple to find a bigger flat.‎ ‎7.With six of us in the car，it was a tight (紧) squeeze.‎ ‎8.He held the stick firmly(紧紧地) in order not to lose balance.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 a knowledge of，a number of，make a difference，put one’s hands on，cut off ‎1.A__number__of boys were absent sometimes during the term.‎ ‎2.Yang Lan had a__knowledge__of English when she was in the university.‎ ‎3.The city was__cut__off by the heavy snow.‎ ‎4.You’d better put the grammar book in the place where you can easily put__your__hands__on it.‎ ‎5.Everyone has his special skills and interests，and only by discovering them can he truly make__a__difference.‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1.Changing schools made__a__big__difference__to__my__life.‎ 转学对我的一生有着重大影响。‎ ‎2.There__is__no__doubt__that she has made some great films.‎ 她拍过一些非常出色的影片，这一点是毫无疑问的。‎ ‎3.He had__gone__to__bed__when__the telephone rang.‎ 他刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。‎ ‎4.She wants to__apply__for__a__job in that famous foreign trade company.‎ 她想在那家著名的外贸公司申请一份工作。‎ ‎5.A number of soldiers were__sent__to the earthquake－stricken area.‎ 许多士兵被派到了地震灾区。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1.The girl held her father’s arm tightly (tight).‎ ‎2.He changed his mind under the pressure (press) from others.‎ ‎3.A great number of fine poems were__written(write)by some famous poets.‎ ‎4.His words make no difference to him，for he is quite stubborn.‎ ‎5.The judge praised the firefighters for their bravery(brave).‎ ‎6.There were over 500 applicants (apply) for the job.‎ ‎7.They had covered three miles when__they realized they had left their IDs at home.‎ ‎8.There’s some doubt whether the meeting will be held as planned.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.I’ll treat you with lunch at the restaurant in front of our school.__with→to ‎2.There is some doubt that he can win.that→whether ‎3.A great number of new factories has been set up in my hometown.has→have ‎4.A few kind words at the right time make difference.difference前面加a ‎5.She was thinking about the problem while Tom patted her.while→when ‎6.It was in 1987 when I graduated from the university.when→that Ⅲ.阅读理解 I used to serve as an ocean lifeguard. Whenever possible，I got shifts working the Point known for its massive and natural rip currents (离岸流).‎ In a shift, I was working Tower 15. Mike was working Tower 17.He phoned me，“I got a couple of kids. I have to give them a warning. Keep an eye on us.”‎ As soon as he hung up, he grabbed his life belt. A rip was torn open under these two kids, and they were getting sucked in. All I saw was two small noses moving up and down in the wavy water.‎ I dropped my binoculars(双筒望远镜) calling，“Double rescue 17—he’s out. I’m going.”Mike was already hitting through the surf line. Realizing what happened, the mother was on her feet screaming. At that time, Mike swam sideways out of the rip current into the clear water. Exhausted, the children couldn’t move. So Mike’s carrying them, one under each arm. Meanwhile, I saw the terror start to flow over her.‎ She looked at Mike. A kind of panic washed over her as though some new, equally dangerous threat was on her kids’ lives. She rushed up to Mike, snatched her kids and walked away. Not even a thank－you.‎ Mike had a rough upbringing. He had frightening tattoos，and his shaved head showed the scar from a broken beer bottle. I didn’t really get along with Mike. But everything he lacked in personal relationship skills, he more than made up for in lifesaving ability.‎ Having a young son and daughter, I couldn’t even imagine the depth of her terror，so I sympathized with her.‎ Anyway，I promise myself I will never let my own fear or prejudice prevent me from recognizing a real hero.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者曾经的同事解救处于危险中的儿童的故事。‎ ‎1.At the sight of Mike，the mother felt ________.‎ A. excited B. depressed C. anxious D. terrified 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“A kind of panic washed over her as though some new, equally dangerous threat was on her kids’ lives.”可知，孩子的妈妈看到Mike时，感到很害怕，于是连一声谢谢都没有说就带着被救的孩子离开了，故选D。]‎ ‎2. The underlined word “upbringing”in the sixth paragraph can be understood as ________.‎ A. caring B. raising ‎ C. treating D. building 答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据第六段的第二句“He had frightening tattoos，and his shaved head ‎ showed the scar from a broken beer bottle.”可知，作者的同事Mike身上有吓人的文身，头上有啤酒瓶留下的疤痕，故可推知，此处应选B。raise“抚养，养育”。]‎ ‎3. Which word can best describe Mike’s act?‎ A. Sociable. B. Courageous.‎ C. Fierce. D. Unfriendly.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Anyway，I promise myself I will never let my own fear or prejudice prevent me from recognizing a real hero.”并结合第四段的整体内容可知，同事Mike救助了处于危险中的孩子，他是勇敢的，故选B。]‎ ‎4.What’s the best title of the passage?‎ A.A Hero in Disguise B.A Rescue in a Rip Current C.Prejudice Against the Lifeguard D.A Terrified and Helpless Mother 答案　A　[标题判断题。根据最后一段“Anyway，I promise myself I will never let my own fear or prejudice prevent me from recognizing a real hero.”，并结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要讲述了背景和外貌不是很好的同事Mike勇敢救人的故事，故选A。in disguise“乔装的”。]‎ Ⅳ.完形填空 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009，Larry was __1__along 165 north after delivering to one of his__2__.Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.__3__he got closer, he found __4__vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed__5__shooting out from under the__6__vehicle.Larry pulled over, set the brake and__7__the fire extinguisher (灭火器).Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.‎ The man who had his bright lights on__8__and told Larry he had__9__an emergency call.They__10__heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.__11__the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay__12__until the emergency personnel arrived，__13__she thought the car was going to__14__.Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move__15__she injured her neck.‎ Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man__16__and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the__17__if he was needed or __18__to go. They let him and the other man go.‎ One thing is__19__—Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His__20__most likely saved the woman’s life.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文讲述了货运司机拉里看到了一辆翻倒着火的汽车，不顾个人安危对伤者实施救助的故事。‎ ‎1. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 答案　C　[由下文的pulled over, set the brake等词可知，拉里送完货物之后正在道路上行驶。因此答案选C。]‎ ‎2. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers 答案　D　[拉里是送货司机，当然是将货物送到顾客(customers)手里。]‎ ‎3. A. Since B. Although C.As D. If 答案　C　[当拉里走近时才发现，还有一辆车翻倒在路上。since 既然；though 尽管；as 当……时候；if 如果。唯有C项符合语境。]‎ ‎4. A. each B. another C. that D. his 答案　B　[前文已经提到拉里看到了一辆开着大灯的车，这是另一辆车，故答案选B。]‎ ‎5. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam 答案　A　[由本段最后一句中的“the fire was put out”可以推断有火焰(flames)从车里冒出来。]‎ ‎6. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned 答案　B　[根据前文“upside down”一词及下一段“the wrecked vehicle”这一信息可知，这辆车已毁坏。disable可表示“使不能运转”。]‎ ‎7.A.got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled 答案　A　[由语境可知，看到这种情况，拉里赶紧靠边停车，拿起(get hold of)灭火器去实施救援。]‎ ‎8. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over 答案　D　[根据语境可以推断，开着大灯的汽车司机走过来(come over)告诉拉里他已报警。come down 下来；come through 传来；come in 进来。均不符合句意。]‎ ‎9. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed 答案　C　[由上文内容可知，make an emergency call(打急救电话)符合语境。]‎ ‎10. A. then B. again C. finally D. even 答案　A　[正当那人与拉里说话，这时他们听到车里传来妇女的声音。again 又，再；finally 最后；even 甚至。]‎ ‎11. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching 答案　D　[根据常识，听到车里有人喊叫，他们当然是走过去(approach)救人。]‎ ‎12. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm 答案　B　[由15空之前的“should not move”这一信息词可以推断他们告诉这个妇女要保持静止不动(still)。]‎ ‎13. A. for B.so C. and D. but 答案　D　[根据下文妇女所担心的事情，可知这里是逻辑上的转折关系。故选D。]‎ ‎14. A. explode B. slip away ‎ C. fall apart D. crash 答案　A　[前面提到这辆车在燃烧，依据常识，explode (爆炸)符合语境。slip away 消失，消亡；fall apart 破碎；crash 撞毁。]‎ ‎15. A. as if B. unless ‎ C.in case D. after 答案　C　[根据常识，让这个妇女保持不动的原因就是防止脖子受伤害。as if 好像；unless除非；in case万一，以防；after在……之后。显然，C项为正确答案。]‎ ‎16. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out 答案　B　[消防队员和警方一到，拉里和那个人自然退让(back off)到一边，让他们进行专业救援。step forward 向前走；move on 继续前进；set out 开始。均不符合语境。]‎ ‎17. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver 答案　B　[前面提到了那个人拨打了报警电话，现在消防员和警方赶到，因此拉里询问警察自己是否能帮忙或者可以离开。]‎ ‎18. A. forbidden B. ready ‎ C. asked D. free 答案　D　[见上一小题解析。]‎ ‎19. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked 答案　A　[由前文所述，拉里超越自己的职责范围靠近燃烧的车辆去搭救别人，这件事是确定无疑的(for certain)。patience 耐心；skills 技巧；promise 诺言。均与语境不符。]‎ ‎20. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise 答案　C　[正是拉里尽力(efforts)搭救才让这个妇女幸存下来成为了可能。]‎ Part Ⅳ　Writing——介绍急救措施 ‎ ‎ 本单元的写作任务为介绍急救措施，为指导性说明文，该类说明文旨在为读者提供解决问题的方法及具体步骤。基本结构为：‎ 第一部分：对要说明的现象或事物作简单介绍，引出主题。‎ 第二部分：按照一定的顺序对要说明的现象或事物进行客观描述。‎ 第三部分：简要总结全文。‎ ‎ ‎ 假设你是李华，你的朋友王平写信说他经常流鼻血，请你根据以下提示，对他这种情况如何采取应急措施提供参考建议，给他回复一封电子邮件。‎ ‎1.鼻子流血时，应采用坐位或站位，勿平躺，因为平躺后会使头部血压升高，更易出血。‎ ‎2.可用拇指和食指捏住两侧鼻翼，暂时用嘴呼吸；同时在前额部敷上冷毛巾，一般压迫10～30分钟，出血即可止住。‎ 要求：词数100左右。‎ ‎[词汇搜索]　‎ ‎1.在我们的日常生活中　　　　 in__our__daily__life ‎2.躺下 lie__down ‎3.做起来 sit__up ‎4.血压 blood__pressure ‎5.与此同时 at__the__same__time ‎[由词连句]　‎ ‎1.流鼻血是我们日常生活中经常发生的事情，因此，了解如何止住鼻血是必要的。(定语从句；动名词作主语)‎ The____nosebleed__is__a__small__accident__that__often__happens__in__our__daily__life，so__knowing__how__to__stop__it__is__very__necessary.‎ ‎2.现在我们将要了解更多关于如何止住鼻血的方法。(宾语从句)‎ Now__we__are__going__to__learn__more__about__what__we__can__do__to__stop__a__nosebleed.‎ ‎3.采用坐位或站位，因为平躺后会使头部血压升高，更易出血。(or连接的并列句；because of)‎ Sit__up__or__stand，or__your__nose__will__bleed__worse__because__of__the__increasing__blood__pressure__of__your__head.‎ ‎4.可用拇指和食指捏住两侧鼻翼，暂时用嘴呼吸。(祈使句)‎ Pinch__both__sides__of__your__nose__together__between__your__thumb__and__forefinger__and__breathe__through__your__mouth.‎ ‎5.同时在前额部敷上冷毛巾。(祈使句)‎ At__the__same__time，put__a__cold__towel__on__your__forehead.‎ ‎[连句成文]‎ Dear Wang Ping，‎ I learned that your nose often bleeds. In my opinion，the nosebleed is a small accident that often happens in our daily life，so knowing how to stop it is very necessary. Now we are going to learn more about what we can do to stop a nosebleed.‎ First of all，you should never lie down. Sit up or stand，or your nose will bleed worse because of the increasing blood pressure of your head. Next，pinch both sides of your nose together between your thumb and forefinger and breathe through your mouth. At the same time，put a cold towel on your forehead. Do this for 10 minutes to 30 minutes.‎ I hope my advice can do you good. Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua