2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit4Pygmalion单元学案（29页word版） 29页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 4Pygmalion单元学案 单元基础词汇语法过关复习 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．The doctor said that the patient might be ________ (comfort) after her operation.‎ ‎2．Once I decide what to do，I will go after it without any ________ (hesitate)．‎ ‎3．The government should take________ (effect) measures to stop water from being polluted.‎ ‎4．The books in the library are________ (classify) according to different subjects.‎ ‎5．If you think you can drink so much without damaging your health, then you're ________ (mistake)．‎ ‎6．A local newspaper ________ (remark) that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law.‎ ‎7．Actually, a standard, ________ set, resists change.‎ ‎8．What they have done is good for the environment ________ the long term.‎ ‎9．The school makes it clear that essays from online should not be passed off ________ being written by the students.‎ ‎10．Sometimes the couples should make compromises ________ each other in order to live harmoniously.‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．(2017年新课标Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D)In study after study，it appears that these chemical conversation help the neighbors.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．We should improve our teaching methods, by which we can make ourselves understood better.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．All attempt to control the spread of the disease have failed.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．It is said that the wool produced in Australia is high quality.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．The press conference holding yesterday drew people's general attention to the event.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎6．—The exam was easy, wasn't it?‎ ‎—Yes, and I don't think everybody could pass it.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7．Mike had been warned many time not to go swimming alone in the river before he drowned.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎8．All the locals have strong demanded there (should) be no further leaks from the oil tankers.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎9．Jeremy rather than his friends is to blame on the accident.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎10．Chuck is a businessman who is always very busy that he has little time for his friends.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 三、完形填空 ‎(2016年贵阳市适应性监测考试)‎ Susan, 34, became blind due to a medical misdiagnosis (误诊) a year ago.‎ When she first lost her sight, Mark, her __1__ who was an Army officer, watched her __2__ despair (绝望) and was determined to help her gain the __3__ and confidence she needed to become __4__ again.‎ Finally, Susan felt ready to return to her job, but how would she get there? She used to __5__ the bus, but was now too frightened to get around the __6__ by herself.Mark volunteered to drive her to work each day __7__ they worked at opposite ends of the city.At first, this __8__ Susan, and satisfied Mark's need to protect his __9__ wife who was so insecure about performing the slightest task.Soon, however, Mark realized the arrangement wasn't __10__.“Susan is going to have to start ‎ taking the bus again，” he admitted to himself.But she was still so fragile, so angry—how would she react?‎ Just as he __11__， Susan was horrified at the idea of taking the bus again.“I'm blind！” she responded __12__.“How am I supposed to know where I am going? I feel like you're giving me up.”‎ Mark's heart broke to hear these words, __13__ he knew what had to be done.‎ He __14__ Susan that each morning and evening he would ride the bus with her for as long as it took until she got the hang of it.For two solid weeks, Mark, military uniform and all, __15__ Susan to and from work each day.He taught her how to __16__ her other senses, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new __17__.He helped her befriend the bus __18__ who could watch out for her, and save her a __19__.‎ Finally, Susan decided that she was ready to try the __20__ on her own.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．A.boyfriend B．colleague C．husband D．son ‎2．A.sink into B．get out of C．step onto D．keep away from ‎3．A.money B．sight C．strength D．feeling ‎4．A.blind B．helpless C．beautiful D．independent ‎5．A.take B．drive C．sell D．make ‎6．A.room B．city C．house D．garden ‎7．A.though B．when C．because D．since ‎8．A.comforted B．encouraged C．upset D．interested ‎9．A.pretty B．brave C．sightless D．lonely ‎10．A.thinking B．working C．ending D．caring ‎11．A.insisted B．predicted C．announced D．explained ‎12．A.bitterly B．happily C．slightly D．coldly ‎13．A.or B．so C．but D．for ‎14．A.persuaded B．expected C．reminded D．promised ‎15．A.rode B．walked C．accompanied D．met ‎16．A.comment on B．operate on C．act on D．rely on ‎17．A.way B．shelter C．job D．environment ‎18．A.makers B．drivers C．passengers D．cleaners ‎19．A.ticket B．book C．note D．seat ‎20．A.trip B．work C．visit D．holiday 四、语法填空 ‎ ‎(2017年江西省百校联盟高三第一次联考)‎ Also 1.________ (know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”， New Year paintings are 2.________ unique art form in Chinese folk culture.The paintings are called “New Year paintings” because they are 3.________ (most) posted during the Chinese New Year holiday 4.________ decoration and they are also a symbol of New Year's greetings.‎ New Year paintings 5.________ (appear) around the Tang Dynasty, replacing the previous door pictures 6.________ (feature) the gods believed to be able to protect the residents and drive away ghosts.In the Song Dynasty, New Year paintings were created on a large scale.With the advancement of printing technology, the content and forms of New Year paintings became 7.________ (diversity)．The development of the paintings matured in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, 8.________ the art hit its heyday (全盛期)．‎ Traditional printing 9.________ (method) of New Year paintings include woodblock printing, stoneblock printing, offset (胶印) printing, traditional Chinese painting, watercolor painting and sketches etc.Woodblock printed New Year paintings 10.________ (be) the most popular and interesting ones.‎ 五、七选五型阅读理解 What is a big dream? __1__Or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment? Children dream big dreams, but there are three barriers to realizing dreams.They often kill them before they ever have a chance to grow.‎ The Self Immediately following the birth of a big dream, a negative selftalk takes over and gives all the reasons why it cannot happen.This inside voice is the ego (自我)．It's there for protecting and should be listened to.__2__ Most people are influenced by the inside voice.That's why only a handful of people make their dream come true.‎ ‎__3__‎ Family and friends are a lot like the ego.They want to protect those they love, so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams won't come true.Sometimes, family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most, out of their own fear of being left behind.‎ The World If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world.__4__ In the past, big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world.Fortunately, in most of the world today, big dreamers just get laughed at.‎ The way to realize a big dream is with confidence and action.When children have confidence and then take action, they will be ready to accept any failure.The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well.__5__‎ A．Family and Friends B．How Big Dreams Die C．Does a big dream show one's future?‎ D．They simply fail until they succeed.‎ E．It is the last and the most terrible barrier.‎ F．Sometimes it is right, but more often it is wrong.‎ G．And their big dream is to be a rock star or a famous artist.‎ 能力检测答案 一、1.uncomfortable　2.hesitation　3.effective　‎ ‎4．classified　5.mistaken　6.remarked　7.once　‎ ‎8．in　9.as　10.with 二、1.conversation→conversations　2.by→with ‎3．attempt→attempts　4.high前加of ‎5．holding→held　6.and→but　7.time→times ‎8．strong→strongly　9.on→for ‎10．very→so或that→and 三、‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在Susan因被误诊而失明后，她的丈夫Mark帮助她克服内心的恐惧，使她能够独自一人乘坐公交车上下班的故事。‎ ‎1．C　根据第三段第四句中的“wife”可知，Mark是Susan的丈夫。故选C。‎ ‎2．A　根据上文可知，Susan因医院的误诊而失明，下文又提到Mark努力帮助Susan重拾生活的自信，由此可推知，Susan因失明这件事陷入了绝望之中。sink into沉入，陷入，符合语境。‎ ‎3．C　Susan因失明陷入了绝望之中，所以她的丈夫应该是决定帮助她重获力量和自信。strength力量。故选C。‎ ‎4．D　Susan失明了，很多事情都做不了，需要她丈夫的帮助。再结合下文她丈夫鼓励她自己乘坐公交车可知，此处指Mark下定决心帮助Susan重新独立起来。independent独立的。故选D。‎ ‎5．A　根据空格后的“the bus”和下文中的“Susan is going to have to start taking the bus again”可知，Susan过去常常乘坐公交车上班。故选A。‎ ‎6．B　根据下句中的“they worked at opposite ends of the city”可知，Susan工作的地方是在城市里，故选B。‎ ‎7．A　句意：Mark每天自愿开车送她去上班，尽管他们在这个城市相反的两个方向工作。though尽管，引导让步状语从句。故选A。‎ ‎8．A　根据上文可知，Mark每天开车送Susan上班，消除了Susan的担忧，因此Mark的做法让Susan感到安慰。故选A。‎ ‎9．C　根据文章第一段可知，Susan因被误诊而失明，因此sightless失明的，符合语境。‎ ‎10．B　根据空格前的“however”和下文Mark的观点可知，Mark意识到他的安排和做法并没有起作用。work起作用。故选B。‎ ‎11．B　根据下文的描述可知，正如他预料的那样，Susan的反应确实很强烈。predict预料，符合语境。‎ ‎12．A　根据下文可知，Susan认为Mark的做法无疑是在放弃她，所以她感到痛苦。因此bitterly符合语境。‎ ‎13．C　句意：Mark听到那些话心都碎了，但是他知道他必须做什么。根据句意可知，空格前后为转折关系，因此but符合语境。‎ ‎14．D　句意：Mark向Susan许下诺言，每天早上和傍晚都会陪她坐公交车，直到她熟悉为止。promise诺言，承诺。‎ ‎15．C　根据上文可知，Mark向Susan承诺会陪她乘坐公交车，因此整整两周的时间里，Mark都遵守着自己的诺言，每天陪伴Susan上下班。所以accompany符合语境。‎ ‎16．D　根据语境可知，Mark教Susan在看不见的情况下如何依靠自己的其他感官来判断自己的位置。所以rely on符合语境。‎ ‎17．D　根据语境可知，Mark教Susan如何依靠自己的其他感官来适应新的环境，所以environment符合语境。‎ ‎18．B　根据空格前的“the bus”和空格后的“who could watch out for her, and save her a __19__”可知，此处应指公交车司机。故选B。‎ ‎19．D　根据常识可知，公交车司机可以为Susan留一个座位(seat)。故选D。‎ ‎20．A　根据语境可知，最终，Susan认为自己已经准备好去尝试一个人乘坐公交车上下班了。“乘坐公交车上下班”是一段旅程。因此trip符合语境。‎ 四、本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的传统文化艺术之一——年画的用途、起源和分类，彰显了中国元素。‎ ‎1．known　空前无主语，故填非谓语动词。be known as作为……而知名，故填known。‎ ‎2．a　句意：年画是中国民间文化中的一种独特的艺术形式。此处表示泛指，应填不定冠词。unique的发音不是以元音音素开头的，故填a。‎ ‎3．mostly　修饰谓语动词应用副词。mostly通常，多半，大部分。‎ ‎4．for　此处表示目的，故用介词for。‎ ‎5．appeared　句意：年画大约起源于唐代。表示过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎6．featuring　分析句子结构可知，空处做定语修饰door pictures。door pictures与feature之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故填动词的ing形式做定语，feature在此是动词，意为“以……为特色”。‎ ‎7．diverse　在本句的系表结构中，做表语的应是形容词。diverse多种多样的。‎ ‎8．when　句意：年画在明清时期走向成熟，达到鼎盛。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。‎ ‎9．methods　从后文可知，年画的制作工艺有很多种，故填method的复数形式。‎ ‎10．are　句意：木版年画最为盛行，也最有趣。由主语paintings可知，谓语动词应使用复数。且此处是对客观情况的陈述，应用一般现在时。‎ 五、本文讲述了a big dream对人的有关影响以及其他的一些相关信息。‎ ‎1．C　根据本空前句“What is a big dream？”和后句“is a big dream ‎ something that provides only entertainment”可知本句也是big dream的一些相关问题。故选C。‎ ‎2．F　根据下句“Most people are influenced...their dream come true.”可知这些big dream的影响有好有坏。有些能让我们从中受益，也有些不能。故选F。‎ ‎3．A　根据本段第一句“Family and friends are a lot like the ego.”可知本段谈论的是family and friends。故选A。‎ ‎4．E　根据下句“In the past, big dreamers...shown to the world.”可知world才是最大的问题。故选E。‎ ‎5．D　根据前句“The truth is that every...success knows failure well.”可知直到非常了解失败以后，这些伟大的梦想家才会看见成功的曙光。故选D。‎ 单元综合知识运用检测 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A Professional development courses in London Business writing Delivery method: Online, Video Price: ￡49‎ About the course: Many people get blocked when forced to put their thoughts into words at work. This course gives you the tools and techniques to improve your writing, whether it's a twoline email or a twohundredpage report.‎ Travel writing courses Delivery method: Classroom, Seminar Price: ￡115 (full day); ￡125 (evening classes)‎ About the course: Do you want to be a travel writer? Then come along to a oneday travel writing workshop or a fourweek travel writing evening class. The courses help participants to write travel features and publish them in newspapers, magazines or on websites.‎ Presessional programmes in EAP Delivery method: Classroom, Seminar Price: Starting from ￡1,250‎ About the course: Our five presessional programmes in English for academic purposes are intended for international students who plan to study at Aston University. These programmes aim to equip you with the language and academic skills necessary for success in your future chosen subject area.‎ Masterclass Delivery method: Classroom, Seminar Price: Starting from ￡335‎ About the course: Whether you write fundraising letters, or for your website(s), this course will help you gain the ideas, knowledge and skills you need to write fundraising copy that produces more impressive and profitable results.‎ 语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了在伦敦进行的专业发展方面的课程的相关情况。‎ ‎21．How is the business writing course different from the others?‎ A．It is delivered online.‎ B．It offers evening classes.‎ C．It focuses on report writing.‎ D．It is hosted by Aston University.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据四种课程的介绍中的“Delivery method: Online, Video”“Delivery method: Classroom, Seminar”“Delivery method: Classroom, Seminar”“Delivery method: Classroom, Seminar”可知，商务写作课程与其他课程的不同之处在于它是在网络上教授的。故选A。‎ ‎22．What can presessional programmes in EAP help students do?‎ A．Choose a suitable college subject.‎ B．Prepare themselves for university.‎ C．Go to worldclass universities.‎ D．Only improve their academic skills.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三个课程介绍中的“are intended for international students who plan to study at Aston University ...equip you with the language and academic skills necessary for success in your future chosen subject area”可知，该课程的目标对象是想上Aston University的国际学生，该课程旨在帮助他们获得在未来选择的科目中取得成功所需要的英语和学业技能。故选B。‎ ‎23．Which course fits John if he hopes to write inspiring words for fundraising activities?‎ A．Presessional programmes in EAP.‎ B．Travel writing courses.‎ C．Business writing.‎ D．Masterclass. ‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Whether you write fundraising letters, or for your website(s)．.. write fundraising copy that produces more impressive and profitable results”可知，如果John想为募捐活动写一些鼓舞人心的文字的话，Masterclass是最适合他的。故选D。‎ B ‎(2018·重庆市九校联考)It must have been a very clever human who looked at a sheep walking past and thought of the use its wool might have!‎ The oldest surviving textile (纺织品) made out of wool is around 3,500 years old. Wool was probably the first fiber to be woven into textiles. Because when humans stopped hunting and started raising animals, it was their first step from a wild life to a civilized one. Sheep became a convenience store for the new lifestyle of our ancestor during the Stone Age, a walking food supply that required little care. Sheep provided all — meat and milk for food, skin and bones for clothing, shelters and tools.‎ Some sheep were suitable to roast while others were to produce wool, as sheep fit for eating do not necessarily have highquality wool. Early wild species of sheep had long outer hair protecting their short wool undercoats. It was this underlayer that was highly suitable for textile use, so they were selectively bred into modern sheep.‎ Great empires were built on the backs of sheep and their wool. Around 1800 BC, the civilization of Babylonia was famous for its wool. After the Romans conquered Spain, they developed a new breed (品种) that would come to be known as Spanish Merino, with the whitest, finest wool ever known. Today, the Merino is the most highly regarded breed in the world.‎ The Chinese held onto the secret of silk for thousands of years before Europeans even got an idea about how to put two threads together. With wool, they_seem_to_have_got_their_revenge.‎ 语篇解读：这是一篇说明文，介绍了纺织品原料——羊毛的相关信息。‎ ‎24．What do we know about raising sheep in the Stone Age?‎ A．People made great efforts to raise sheep.‎ B．People exchanged sheep for what they needed.‎ C．Sheep led to the boom of ancient society.‎ D．Sheep met many basic needs of ancient people.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Sheep became a convenience store for the new lifestyle ... meat and milk for food, skin and bones for clothing, shelters and tools”可知，羊的肉和奶可作为食物，皮可作为衣服和遮蔽物，而骨头可用于制作各种工具，即羊满足了古人的许多基本需求，故选D。‎ ‎25．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?‎ A．Economic value of sheep.‎ B．Features of sheep breeds.‎ C．Choice of suitable sheep breeds.‎ D．Development of the wool industry.‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了不是所有的羊都适合用于羊毛编织，故人们选择了合适的品种饲养。故选C。‎ ‎26．What are Babylonia and the Romans mentioned to prove?‎ A．The wisdom of ancient people.‎ B．The aggression of ancient nations.‎ C．The link between their rise and wool.‎ D．The greatness of wellorganized ancient society.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Great empires were built on the backs of sheep and their wool”可知，一些实力强大的帝国是建立在羊背和羊毛上的，紧接着就列举了巴比伦王国和罗马人的例子，故可判断出，作者提到巴比伦王国和罗马人是为了说明他们的崛起和羊毛之间是有联系的。‎ ‎27．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?‎ A．They lost their advantage of something.‎ B．They won and got rid of the shame of failure.‎ C．They did something harmful to their opponent.‎ D．They were taking pains to catch up with others.‎ 解析：选B　句意理解题。根据最后一段的第一句“The Chinese held onto the secret of silk for thousands of years before Europeans even got an idea about how to put two threads together”可知，中国人在掌握了如何制作丝绸的秘诀数千年之后，欧洲人才知道如何把两根蚕丝缠绕在一起变为一根。结合上文中提到西方国家在羊毛利用方面的领先情况可以推断出，画线部分意思应为他们似乎扳回一局，即羊毛纺织让欧洲人得以“一雪前耻”。revenge意为“报仇，复仇，雪耻”。‎ C ‎(2018·河北省鄂西北联考)Up until now, it has been believed big cats like the leopard (豹) originated in parts of Africa. However, an ancient skull unearthed recently indicates that big cats originated in central Asia — not Africa as widely thought, paleontologists (古生物学家) reported on Wednesday.‎ Dated at between 4.1 and 5.95 million years old, the fossil is the oldest remains ever found of a pantherine felid, as big cats are called. The previous felid record holder — tooth fragments (碎片) found in Tanzania — is estimated to be around 3.8 million years old.‎ The evolution of big cats has been heatedly discussed, and the issue is complicated by a lack of fossil evidence to settle the debate.‎ ‎“This find suggests that big cats have a deeper evolutionary origin than previously suspected，” said Jack Zeng, a paleontologist of the University of Southern California who led the probe (调查)．‎ Zeng and his team made the find in 2010 in a remote border region in Tibet. The fossil was found stuck among more than 100 bones that ‎ were probably deposited by a river that exited a cliff. After three years of careful comparisons with other fossils, using DNA data to build a family tree, the team is convinced the creature was a pantherine felid.‎ The weight of evidence suggests that central or northern Asia is where big cats originated some 16 million years ago. They may have lived in a vast mountain shelter, formed by the uplifting Himalayas, feeding on equally remarkable species such as the Tibetan blue sheep. They then dispersed (分散) into Southeast Asia, evolving (进化) into the clouded leopard, tiger and snow leopard families, and later movements across continents saw them evolve into jaguars and lions.‎ The newly discovered felid has been called Panthera Blytheae, after Blythe Haaga, daughter of a couple who support a museum in Los Angeles, the university said in a news release.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。一块颅骨的出土推翻了一贯的结论，大型猫科动物起源于中亚，而不是非洲。该出土的颅骨证明了大型猫科动物的生活习性和进化过程。‎ ‎28．According to the passage, why is the evolution of big cats a hot issue?‎ A．Because not many fossils have been found.‎ B．Because they moved across continents.‎ C．Because no equipment was available for accurate analysis.‎ D．Because they have evolved into many different species of felid.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“has been heatedly discussed, and the issue is complicated by a lack of fossil evidence to settle the debate”可知，A项正确。‎ ‎29．Where was the new felid fossil found?‎ A．In Tanzania.　　　　　 B．In Tibet.‎ C．In California. D．In Southeast Asia.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Zeng and his team made the find in 2010 in a remote border region in Tibet”可知，最新的化石是在西藏发现的，故B项正确。‎ ‎30．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A．Some big cats evolved into jaguars 16 million years ago.‎ B．The oldest fossil of big cats ever discovered is 3.8 million years old.‎ C．Big cats are later generations of snow leopards living in high mountains.‎ D．Tibetan blue sheep was a main food source for big cats in the Himalayas.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“feeding on equally remarkable species such as the Tibetan blue sheep”可知，大型猫科动物以与其同样注目的动物如西藏的岩羊为食，故D项正确。‎ ‎31．What is the purpose of this passage?‎ A．To promote wildlife conservation.‎ B．To report on a new find in paleontology.‎ C．To introduce a new animal species.‎ D．To compare the family trees of pantherine felids.‎ 解析：选B　目的意图题。通读全文可知，本文第一段的第二句“However, an ancient skull unearthed recently indicates that big cats originated in central Asia — not Africa as widely thought, paleontologists (古生物学家) reported on Wednesday”为文章主题句；据此可知，本文旨在介绍古生物学方面的一项新发现，故B项正确。‎ D Robert Ballard was born in 1942.From an early age, he loved the sea.Ballard grew up in Southern California.He spent his free time at the beach near his home.He enjoyed fishing and swimming.He even learned to dive.‎ When Ballard wasn't at the ocean, he loved reading about it.At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.His parents helped him follow his dream.‎ Ballard was a hardworking student.He spent many years learning all he could about the ocean.By the age of 28, he was an expert.In 1970, he took a job as a scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts.There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean.He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans.Working with other scientists, Ballard also found previously unknown sea animals.These animals lived far below the ocean's surface, where scientists had believed no animals could live.‎ By the 1980s, Ballard's interests changed.He developed unmanned vehicles to explore the ocean bottom.His first find, the wellknown ship Titanic, made Ballard famous.He was not happy with just one big find, however.He looked for — and found — other wellknown ships.One was the German battleship Bismarck.Another was the USS Yorktown, an aircraft carrier (航空母舰) that sank during World War Ⅱ.‎ Today Robert Ballard is still an underwater explorer.He also heads an organization that encourages students to learn about science.Ballard hopes that some of the students will follow in his footsteps.After all, the world's huge oceans are mostly unknown.Who knows what remains to be discovered under the sea?‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了海底探险家罗伯特·巴拉德的人生经历，包括他小时候的理想、学习经历以及长大后的成就。‎ ‎32．What was Ballard's dream when he was young?‎ A．To be an animal expert.‎ B．To be a professional diver.‎ C．To be a famous writer.‎ D．To be an underwater explorer.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.”可知，巴拉德小时候的梦想是做一名海底探险者。故选D项。‎ ‎33．When Ballard worked at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, he________.‎ A．explored mountains with other scientists B．thought of ideas to predict underwater volcanoes C．found some unknown sea animals alone D．developed unmanned vehicles to change interests 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean.He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans.”可知，巴拉德在伍兹霍尔海洋研究所工作时，提出了预测海底火山的方法。故选B项。‎ ‎34．What can be a suitable title for the passage?‎ A．The Unknown Ocean World B．A Hardworking Student C．The Life of an Undersea Explorer D．An Underwater Exploration 解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据文章的时间线索可知，本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了海底探险家罗伯特·巴拉德的人生经历。故选C项。‎ ‎35．Which of the following is TRUE about Ballard according to the passage?‎ A．Ballard set up an organization to teach students science.‎ B．Ballard has explored more than half of the world's oceans.‎ C．Ballard disappointed his parents at his undersea adventures.‎ D．Ballard was greatly influenced by Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.”可知，巴拉德受《海底两万里》这本书的影响很大。故选D项。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ Have any of these situations happened to you？Forgetting someone's name after you just met, or just talking about yourself the first time you meet someone new？Ouch！You never have a second chance to make a first impression.__36__ Here is how you can recover.‎ ‎__37__ As soon as you realize that you may have offended someone, say something about it.The more time passes, the worse the situation can become.While first impressions stick, so do last impressions.Take control of the situation by making the last impression a positive one.‎ Avoid overapologizing.__38__ Your goal is to admit your mistake and reposition yourself as being responsible and sensitive.If you ‎ repeatedly bring up the past, you're defeating your purpose.It puts the other person in the uncomfortable position of having to constantly forgive you.‎ Making no assumptions (假想)．It's easy to assume that others think the worst of you, but usually what we imagine is far worse than reality.So, don't start out with, “You must think I'm a total fool.”Say something like, “I'm uncomfortable with how I behaved yesterday because I realized I might have offended you.Did you feel the same way？”__39__‎ Be sincere.A sincere apology requires three steps.First, don't blame what happened on other people.Second, admit how your actions affected the other person.Third, explain what you will do differently in the future to avoid making the same mistake.Such an apology might sound like, “I want to apologize for what I said yesterday.After speaking with you, I can hear how much my comments offended you.__40__”‎ A．Apologize immediately.‎ B．Be responsible for future behavior.‎ C．The other person may think it was no big deal.‎ D．Every impression you make builds on the previous one.‎ E．I want you to know that in the future I will be more sensitive.‎ F．So how to do when that first impression is a negative one?‎ G．Saying you're sorry is important, but overdoing it can create another uncomfortable situation.‎ 语篇解读：在与人交流的过程中，我们有时会因为疏漏给别人留下一个糟糕的第一印象。一旦发生，我们该如何挽回呢？文章为我们提供了几点建议。‎ ‎36．解析：选F　设空后的“Here is how you can recover.”‎ 引出下文，介绍几种解决办法，由此可知，此处引出疑问：当给人留下糟糕的第一印象时该如何做呢？故选F项。‎ ‎37．解析：选A　由下文的“... say something about it.The more time passes, the worse the situation can become.”可知，当冒犯他人时应该立刻道歉。故选A项。‎ ‎38．解析：选G　G项中的“Saying you're sorry ... overdoing it”与本段中心句“Avoid overapologizing.”相呼应，指不能过度、重复地道歉。故选G项。‎ ‎39．解析：选C　根据上文可知，我们总是把事情想象得比现实糟糕，再根据“Say something like”后的内容可知，本段是将两种情况进行对比，而道歉时说话方式的改变会让对方觉得那不是什么大事。故选C项。‎ ‎40．解析：选E　根据本段主题句“Be sincere.”及“... explain what you will do differently in the future to avoid making the same mistake.”可知，此处指要表明将来如何做，故选E项，该选项中的“in the future I will be more sensitive”与之相呼应。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎(2018·宁夏银川一中模拟)Jenna had graduated from her middle school and was lucky enough to be admitted to Westwood College. She was ready for new __41__ at the college and filled with confidence. __42__， she didn't expect it that college life was quite __43__. In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts for cheerleaders. She was competing against very talented girls, and she knew it would be __44__ for her to be selected. Two hours later, the __45__ read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart __46__ as the list ended without her name. Feeling __47__， she walked back to her dormitory carrying her schoolbag full ‎ of homework.‎ Arriving at the dormitory, she started with __48__. She had always been a good math student, but now she was __49__. She moved on to English and history, and was __50__ to find that she didn't have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to __51__ math for the time being.‎ The next day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school __52__. Mrs. Biden wasn't as enthusiastic as Jenna. “I'm sorry, __53__ we have enough __54__ for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we'll talk then.” Jenna smiled __55__ and left. “Why is college so different？” she sighed.‎ Later in math class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much __56__. By the end of the class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she'd __57__ to try to fit in with her new school. She wasn't sure if she'd __58__， but she knew she had to try. College was just as her mom had said, “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond __59__ a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the __60__ fish you can be.”‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了主人公Jenna在进入大学后所经历的变化及其努力适应的过程。‎ ‎41．A.decisions　　　　　　　 B．challenges C．problems D．exercises 解析：选B　根据上文的“lucky enough to be admitted to Westwood ‎ College”及“new”可推知，新的大学生活对主人公来讲有许多挑战，故选B。‎ ‎42．A.However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Otherwise 解析：选A　根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故选A。however“然而”。‎ ‎43．A.normal B．necessary C．different D．desperate 解析：选C　根据倒数第二段的“‘Why is college so different？’ she sighed”可知，大学生活与主人公想象的很不一样。‎ ‎44．A.simple B．troublesome C．certain D．difficult 解析：选D　根据“competing against very talented girls”可推知，主人公感觉自己很难被选上，与下文的“the list ended without her name”呼应。‎ ‎45．A.editor B．judge C．boss D．candidate 解析：选B　根据语境可知，是由裁判宣布进入下一轮选拔的名单的。‎ ‎46．A.stopped B．jumped C．sank D．changed 解析：选C　根据“as the list ended without her name”可推知，得知没有自己的名字，即：没有进入下一轮选拔，主人公心情沉重。sb.'s heart sinks意为“心情沉重，情绪低落”。‎ ‎47．A.awful B．lonely C．happy D．strange 解析：选A　由于被淘汰了，主人公感觉糟糕(awful)。‎ ‎48．A.English B．history C．science D．math 解析：选D　根据下文的“She had always been a good math student”可推知，主人公开始做自己擅长的数学作业。‎ ‎49．A.working B．struggling C．complaining D．improving 解析：选B　根据“but”的转折含义可推知，曾经擅长的数学现在让她感觉有些吃力。‎ ‎50．A.bothered B．ashamed C．pleased D．shocked 解析：选C　根据“she didn't have any trouble with those subjects”可知，主人公在英语和历史学科上没有遇到任何问题，于是很高兴，与下文的“Feeling better”呼应。‎ ‎51．A.show up B．make for C．give up D．prepare for 解析：选D　根据上文的“Feeling better”和主人公做数学作业不理想的情况可推知，主人公暂时不准备数学了。prepare for“把……预备好”；show up“出现”；make for“向……移动，促成”；give up“放弃”。‎ ‎52．A.committee B．team C．newspaper D．radio 解析：选C　根据下文的“for the newspaper already”可推知，Mrs. Biden在校报工作。‎ ‎53．A.and B．so C．or D．but 解析：选D　根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。‎ ‎54．A.writers B．players C．speakers D．readers 解析：选A　根据“for the newspaper already”并结合选项可推知，主人公是去校报应聘作者工作，结果遭到了拒绝。‎ ‎55．A.brightly B．weakly C．widely D．happily 解析：选B　根据“Come back next year and we'll talk then”可知，主人公被校报拒绝了，因此只是淡淡地笑着离开了。‎ ‎56．A.courage B．lack C．hope D．sorrow 解析：选D　根据上文可知，主人公在数学学习上感到吃力，这些问题使她很伤心。‎ ‎57．A.hesitate B．refuse C．continue D．attempt 解析：选C　根据下文的“try to fit in with her new school”“but she knew she had to try”可推知，主人公并没有气馁，决定继续试着适应新的学校。‎ ‎58．A.succeed B．complete C．agree D．accompany 解析：选A　根据“but she knew she had to try”可推知，主人公对于自己能否成功并没有把握，但是知道自己必须去尝试。‎ ‎59．A.in the hope of B．in honor of C．in case of D．instead of 解析：选D　根据语境可知，此处表示对比。instead of“代替，而不是”。‎ ‎60．A.tallest B．best C．hardest D．gentlest 解析：选B　结合空前一句可推知，此处表示“成为最好的鱼”，在文中引申为“做最好的自己”。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ Passing Life's Tests with Love When I was in school, I could always tell when my class was about to take a test. You could feel the __61__ (anxious) in the air. Their smiles were tight, everyone __62__ (tap) their pencils on desks. A few students tried to tell jokes to relax. Most of us wanted to start, so we could just get it over with.‎ Every once in a while, however, a teacher would give us a break and announce that the test was going to be open book. __63__ (immediate), you could see our smiles __64__ (return). A few students would laugh, and you could even hear a cheer or two. The pressure went __65__. As we took out our books, all of __66__ (we) knew that the answers would be right in front of us. All we had to do was find them.‎ Many people say that life is one long series of tests we have to face. This is true. But __67__ most people don't realize is that they are all open book tests. The answers are always right there in front of you, and they are so simple. You just have to open the book of your soul to any page, __68__ you will see the words, “JUST LOVE”. Just love yourself. Just love everyone as yourself. When you do this, you __69__ (pass) every test that life throws at you. When you do this you will make the world a ‎ __70__ (bright), better and happier place.‎ By Joseph J. Mazzella 语篇解读：人生犹如是由一个又一个考试组成的，只要你充满爱心，就会通过每一次检验，生活也会变得更美好。‎ ‎61．anxiety　考查词性转换。句意：你可以感觉到空气中的焦虑。设空处位于冠词the之后，应用名词形式。故填anxiety。‎ ‎62．tapping　考查非谓语动词。句意：他们笑容紧绷，每个人都在桌上轻敲着铅笔。分析句子结构可知，前后两部分之间没有连词连接，因此“everyone ________ their pencils on desks”不是一个完整的分句，而是独立主格结构，在句中作状语；tap与其逻辑主语everyone之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填tapping。 ‎ ‎63．Immediately　考查词性转换。句意：你可以看到我们的笑容马上就回来了。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词。故填Immediately。‎ ‎64．return(ed)　考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构，see为感官动词，其后常用不带to的不定式。故填return。此处还可填returned，构成“see＋that从句”，returned为从句谓语。‎ ‎65．away　考查固定短语。句意：压力消失了。go away意为“(问题、不愉快的感觉等)消失”，为固定短语，符合句意。故填away。‎ ‎66．us　考查代词。句意：当我们拿出书的时候，我们所有的人都知道答案就在我们面前。设空处作all of的宾语，且指代从句中的we，应用us。‎ ‎67．what　考查名词性从句。句意：但是大部分人没有意识到的是它们都是开卷考试。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指事或物，故用what引导。‎ ‎68．‎ and/where　考查连词。句意：你只需要打开你灵魂之书的任何一页，你就会看到这些词：“去爱就好。”根据句意可知，前后之间为顺承关系，故用and连接。此处也可填where，构成定语从句修饰any page。‎ ‎69．will pass　考查动词的时态。句意：你这么做，就会通过生活扔给你的每一场考试。根据句意可知，此处表示将来含义，应用一般将来时。故填will pass。‎ ‎70．brighter　考查形容词比较级。句意：当你这样做的时候，世界会变成一个更明亮、更美好、更幸福的地方。根据句意可知，此处暗含比较意义，与其后的better与happier为并列关系，应用比较级。故填brighter。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ This June, I traveled to Great Britain by a bike, which I had thought for many years.It took 19 days and covers 1,053 miles.Every day, I could see different views.It was amazed to cross Hadrian's Wall, which dates back from 122 A．D. I was also struck by the encouraging attitudes giving by people I met throughout the ride.What impressed me most was riding in the rain almost every other days.‎ I got losing outside Bristol, a major city on southwest England.It took me two hours get back on track.The funniest part was that wherever I asked locals for direction, they would invite me into the pub to discuss it in more detail.‎ 答案：第一句：去掉a 第二句：covers→covered 第四句：amazed→amazing; from→to或去掉back 第五句：giving→given 第六句：days→day 第七句：losing→lost; on→in 第八句：get前加to 第九句：wherever→whenever 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假定你是李华。你的美国朋友David生日将至，你画了一幅中国画“竹”，作为生日礼物寄送给他。请你写一封信，说明其寓意并表示祝福。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear David，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear David，‎ How's everything going? As your birthday is drawing near, I've prepared a gift for you. It's a Chinese painting “bamboo”， which I specially drew for you.‎ In Chinese culture, bamboo carries many best wishes and excellent qualities. On one hand, it stands straight and stays green all year round, so it's always full of life. I wish you as strong and energetic as bamboo. On the other hand, it's hard outside but hollow inside. If compared to bamboo, one is usually considered to be strongwilled and modest. All in all, we ‎ use bamboo to represent a noble and gentle person.‎ I hope you will like the gift and wish you a happy birthday.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua