贵州息烽县高考英语一轮复习语法填空和阅读练习四 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 贵州息烽县 2017 高考英语一轮语法填空和阅读练习 (2016·福建省五校高中毕业班统一考试)According to a recent survey，violence did exist in schools.Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also __1__(express) their great concern about it.Experts hope __2__ whole society pays more attention to the mental health of adolescents. Nowadays，school violence is a hot issue.I think this is a phenomenon，which __3__(call) for our great concern.We should make every effort __4__(prevent) school violence happening at school， for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal __5__(safe) could not be guaranteed.In fact，violence can be learned.__6__(actual)，children learn violence behavior from adults or from __7__ they see on television or on the Internet. If I meet with school violence，I will not answer violence with violence，for it will result in __8__(much) fighting.I will tell my teachers or parents about it.I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys. All in all，we students should behave __9__(we) and keep away __10__ violence. 【语篇导读】 校园暴力这一现象引起了老师和家长的关注。本文介绍了校园暴力形成的原因以及阻止校园 暴力的方法。 1．expressed [考查时态。根据该句中的“showed”可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去 时，故填 expressed。] 2．the [考查冠词。the whole society 意为“全社会”，为固定用法，故填 the。] 3．calls [考查时态和主谓一致。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，which 指代“a phenomenon”，故 谓语动词应用第三人称单数；由“I think this is”可知，应用一般现在时，故填 calls。] 4．to prevent [考查动词不定式。我们应当尽一切努力来阻止校园暴力的发生。make every effort to do sth 为固定搭配，故此处应用动词不定式作宾补。] 5．safety [考查名词。根据空处前的“their personal”可知，空处应填名词 safety。] 6．Actually [考查副词。分析该句结构可知，空处修饰全句，作状语，故用副词 Actually。] 7．what [考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作“see”的宾语，故用 what。] 8．more [考查比较级。句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我不会以暴制暴，因为这会导致更多的打斗。根据句 意可知，空处应使用比较级。] 9．ourselves [考查反身代词。behave oneself 为固定搭配，意为“举止规矩有礼，检点”；根据主语“we” 可知，空处应用反身代词 ourselves。] 10．from [考查介词。keep away from 为固定搭配，意为“远离”。] 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2015·佛山市二模) When I was about ten years old, I remember my father coming into the room, looking terribly pleased with himself, to tell us that we were going to have __1__ brother or sister. It was really beyond our __2__(expect), so we were both taken aback. I was actually delighted, __3__ my brother was quite different. He was younger than me, and I don't think he was too impressed with the idea. He has a tendency to worry __4__ things, and I think he was terrified by the fact __5__ he might not be the center of attention all the time. When the big day came, __6__(luck) there were problems, and my mother had to stay in hospital. My brother and I weren't allowed __7__(visit), and we all were worried and had no idea __8__ to do. We tried to calm each other down, but basically we were so upset that something awful __9__(happen). It all worked out well in the end though, and when I was finally able to see my little sister, I was happy to see __10__ was so tiny, and special. And we all love her to bits. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 文章大意：这是一篇英语故事阅读。作者主要讲述的是自己小时候家里添小妹妹的复杂和喜悦心情。 1．命题立意：考查限定词。 答案：another 根据前文的 we 说明家里不是作者一个孩子，再添一个，应用 another。 2．命题立意：考查名词。 答案：expectation(s) 根据前文的 beyond 是介词，后跟名词作宾语，故判断填 expectation(s)。 3．命题立意：考查连词。 答案：but 根据空前后是转折关系判断，故填 but。 4．命题立意：考查介词。 答案：about worry about 为……担心，故填 about。 5．命题立意：考查同位语从句。 答案：that 根据空前的 the fact 事实，后面的从句说明 fact 的内容，不缺少成分，应用 that 引导。 故填 that。 6．命题立意：考查副词。 答案：unluckily 根据下文的 problems 判断是“不幸地”，应用副词修饰整个句子。故填 unluckily。 7．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。 答案：to visit 根据词组 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，故填 to visit。 8．命题立意：考查疑问词。 答案：what 根据空后是不定式，不定式的 do 缺少宾语。故填 what。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 9．命题立意：考查时态。 答案：would happen 根据空前的 so upset 说明害怕某事将会发生，应用过去将来时，判断填 would happen。 10．命题立意：考查代词。 答案：she 根据前文的 my little sister 判断。故填 she。 (2016·湖南常德市高三 3 月模拟考试)Imagine life as a game in which you are playing some five balls in the air.You name __1__(they)—work，family，health，friends and spirit，and you’re keeping all these balls in the air. You understand that work is a rubber ball.If you drop it，it will bounce back.But the other four balls are made of glass.If you drop one of them，it will be scuffed(磨损)，damaged or even broken into __2__(piece)．They will never be the same.You must understand the balance in your life.How? Don’t compare yourself with others.It is because we are different and each of us __3__(be) special.Don’t set your goals by what other people consider important.Only you know __4__ is best for you.Don’t give __5__ when you still have something to give.Nothing is really over until the moment you stop __6__(try)．Knowledge is weightless，__7__ treasure you can always carry __8__(easy)．Don’t run through life so fast that you forget not only where you’ve been， where you are，but also where you __9__(go)． Life is not a race，but a journey to __10__(enjoy) slowly each step of the way.Yesterday is history， tomorrow is a mystery，and today is a gift.That’s why we call it—the present. 【语篇导读】 文章旨在说明：生活中我们一定要处理好工作、家庭、健康、朋友和精神这五者之间的平衡 关系。 1．them [考查代词。name 是叫……名字，是个动词，后面用宾格形式。] 2．pieces [考查名词复数。如果你扔掉他们其中的一个，就会碎成片。] 3．is [考查主谓一致。句意：因为我们是独一无二的，每个人都是特别的。each of us 作主语，谓语动词 用单数形式。] 4．what [考查宾语从句。句意：只有你知道什么对你来说是最好的。] 5．up [考查动词短语。give up 放弃。] 6．trying [考查 v.－ing 形式作宾语。stop doing 停止做某事。] 7．a [考查冠词。句意：知识是无形的，一种可以随身携带的财富。表示泛指。] 8．easily [考查副词。easily 用来修饰 carry。] 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 9．are going/are to go/will go [考查动词的时态。句意：不要让生活过得如何快，这样你就忘记你去过 哪，你在哪和你将要去哪。] 10．be enjoyed [考查非谓语动词。句意：生活不是一场比赛，而是慢慢享受的旅行。] 新题预测(二) What would you do if you failed? Many people may choose to give up.__1__ , the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick __2__ your goal.On your way to success, you __3__ keep your direction.It is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and __4__ (help) you overcome obstacles on your way.__5__ , you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead. Direction means objectives.You can get nowhere __6__ an objective in life. You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve __7__.Only in this way __8__ you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time __9__(proper)．And you should also have a belief __10__ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time. 1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________ 【解析】本文告诉我们，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标。 1．However 与前句是转折关系，空格前后都有标点， 用副词 however。 2．to stick to 意为“坚持”。 3．must 由语境不难揣摸出作者的语气，句意为：在通往成功的路上，你必须坚持你的方向。 4．helping 与 guiding 并列，一起补充说明 a lamp，故用现在分词。 5．Otherwise 由本句与前句的逻辑关系可知，要填表示“否则”的 otherwise。 6．without 句意：人生如果没有目标，你将一事无成。 7．it it 指代 your objective。 8．will/can 句意：只有这样，你才会知道…… 9．properly 修饰动词 spend 作状语用副词。 10．that 引导同位语从句，从句中不缺句子成分，且意义完整，故填 that。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 新题预测(三) It happened that a dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying __1__ home in his mouth.Now, __2__ his way home he had to cross a plank lying __3__a running brook.__4__ he crossed, he looked __5__ and saw his own shadow __6__ (reflect) in the water beneath. Thinking it was __7__ dog with another piece of meat, he made up his mind to have that also.So he made a snap at __8__ shadow in the water, __9__ as he opened his mouth the piece of meat fell out, __10__(drop) into the water and was never seen more. Beware lest you lose the substance by grasping at the shadow. 1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________ 【解析】这则狗和影子的故事，告诫我们：切莫因追逐幻影而丢失已有的东西。 1．it 指代 a piece of meat，故用 it。 2．on 表示“在某人回家的路上”用 on one’s way home。 3．across 表示“横过”河流或道路等细长的东西或操场等一个平面的东西，用介词 across。 4．As/When 表示“当……时候”。 5．down 因“向下看”才能看到水中的影子，故用 down。 6．reflected 因 shadow 与 reflect 是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。 7．another 指它以为是“另一条狗”。 8．the 特指水中的“那个”影子，故用定冠词 the。 9．but 前后是转折关系。 10．dropped 与 opened, was seen 是并列关系，三个先后发生的动作应当用同一时态，故 drop 也用一般 过去时，故填 dropped。 阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A,B,C 或 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制药)，damaging eyesight， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 judgement and coordination (协调)，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected. Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee. The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is： ●50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood；or ●22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath；or ●67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液)． Drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested. Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points；or temporarily banned from driving. The same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(样本) for breath，blood or urine tests without good excuse. Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver，think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol. 本文主要讲述酒后驾车的危害，对酒驾的惩罚等，呼吁人们为了自身和他人的健康，一定不要酒后驾车。 1．The first paragraph is mainly about______. A．the introductions of driving skills B．the damage of drinking to your body C．the effect of drinking on driving D．the process of alcohol being absorbed 答案：C。主旨大意题。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”可知，本段主要讲述酒后驾车的影响，故 C 项正确。 2．The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”． A．alcohol B．absorption C．blood D．process 答案：D。词义猜测题。由前半句“To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”， 可知，后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶，咖啡等的措施来加速这个过程是不可能的”故 it 指代 process，D 项正确。 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving. B．Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 C．Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body. D．50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit. 答案：B。细节理解题。由第二段中“Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知 B 项正确。 4．A driver suspected of drink driving______. A．should provide specimens for testing B．will be forbidden to drive for 3 years C．will be punished for 10 drivingoffence points D．should pay a maximum fine of HK$25,000 答案：A。细节理解题。由文章信息“Drivers who cause traffic accidents ，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested”可知 A 项正确。 阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A,B,C 或 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power. For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used. During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind. 风能早在公元前七世纪就开始被人们用风车所利用，当人们发明了电以后，风能被用来发电，但随着电的 广泛使用，风车逐渐不被人们使用了。而进入二十世纪七十年代后，人们又逐渐认识到了风能的优势。 1．From the text we know that windmills ________. A. were invented by European armies B. have a history of more than 2,800 years 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered 答案：C。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除 A 项；公元前七世 纪到现在应是不足 2800 年，故排除 B 项；由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除 D 项，同时也能知道 C 项 是正确的。 2．What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century? A. Sailing a boat. B. Producing electricity. C. Grinding wheat into flour. D. Pumping water from underground. 答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地 区的人们开始用风车发电”。 3．One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________. A. wind power is cleaner B. it is one of the oldest power sources C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs 答案：A。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。 4．What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. The advantages of wind power. B. The design of wind power plants. C. The worldwide movement to save energy. D. The global trend towards producing power from wind. 答案：D。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要通过风能的利用来提供越来 越多的电力”，表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。