2020版高考英语总复习Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld 人教版必修3 25页

Unit 1　Festivals around the world Step 1　课前准备——单元考点　自查自测 ‎1.词汇分层级识记过关　2.语境活用填写过关　3.经典句式背诵仿写过关　4.类词巧积累事半功倍 ‎(一)分门别类攻单词——识形辨意·拓展应用 25‎ ‎(二)写用结合记短语——译写短语·语境活用 ‎(三)仿写活用练句式——经典句型·仿写背诵 Step 2　课堂探究——核心考点　点点突破 ‎1.重点难点考点学通练透　2.归纳总结拓展开阔视野　3.方法规律技巧权威点拨　4.面面俱到打创高效课堂 25‎ 第一时段　Warming up & Reading ‎1．starve vi.饿死；挨饿；饿得要死；渴望；极需要　vt.使饿死；使挨饿 ‎[教材原句]　At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.‎ 在那个时代，特别是在寒冷的冬月，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿。‎ ‎(1)starve to death 饿死 starve to do sth. 渴望做某事 starve for sth. 渴望得到某物 starve sb. into... 断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人……‎ ‎(2)be starved of sth. 急需某物 ‎(3)starvation n. 饥饿；饿死 单句语法填空 ‎①Many people in India died of ________(starve) that year.‎ ‎②The engine was starved ________ petrol and wouldn't start.‎ ‎③They got lost in the desert and starved to ________(die)．‎ 完成句子 ‎④They starved the enemy ________________ to them.‎ 他们断绝敌人的食物来源以迫使敌人向他们投降。‎ ‎[答案]　①starvation　②of　③death　④into giving in ‎2．award n．奖；奖品　vt.授予；判定 ‎[教材原句]　Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.‎ 有些人还可能因他们农场的农产品而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最好看的公鸡。‎ ‎(1)award sb. sth. for... 因……而奖励某人某物 be awarded sth. for... 因……而被授予某物 award sb. sth.＝award sth. to sb.‎ 奖励/授予/判给某人某物 ‎(2)win/receive/get an award for　因……而获奖 win/get the first award 获得一等奖 单句语法填空 ‎①The government will award a lot of money ________ whoever bravely exposes the terrorists.‎ ‎②The girl won an award ________ her wonderful performance in the show.‎ 句型转换 25‎ ‎③The president awarded a medal to the student who got the first place in the exam.‎ ‎→The president _______________________________ a medalwho got the first place in the exam.‎ ‎[答案]　①to　②for　③awarded the student ‎[思维发散]　(1)prize指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中得奖。‎ ‎(2)reward多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答、酬谢。‎ ‎3．admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕；夸奖 ‎[教材原句]　China and Japan have mid－autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.‎ 中国和日本都有中秋节，这时，人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。‎ ‎(1)admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人 ‎(2)admiration n. 钦佩；赞美 in/with admiration 钦佩地 express/have admiration for sb./sth.‎ ‎ (表示)羡慕/钦佩某人/物 ‎(3)admiring adj. 赞赏的；羡慕的 单句语法填空 ‎①I'd like to express my ________(admire) for his saving the boy from the cold water.‎ ‎②Many people around the world admire China ________ its great contributions to the world peace.‎ 完成句子 ‎③Deeply moved by her performance, the whole audience gasped ____________.‎ 被她的表演深深打动，全场观众赞叹不已。‎ ‎[答案]　①admiration　②for　③with admiration ‎4．in memory of纪念；追念 ‎[教材原句]　For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.‎ 在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香以缅怀祖先。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　‎ in honour of 为纪念……/为向……表示敬意 in celebration of 为庆祝……‎ in favour of 支持 25‎ in terms of 就……而言；在……方面 in praise of 赞扬……‎ in charge of 负责；掌管 in need of 需要 in place of 代替 用in的相关短语填空 ‎①Some people are ________________ reform，while others are against it.‎ ‎②The job is great ________________ salary，but it has its disadvantages.‎ ‎③The congress opened with a minute's silence ________________ those who died in the struggle.‎ ‎④The children sent the first lady a bunch of flowers ________________ her.‎ ‎[答案]　①in favor of　②in terms of　③in memory of/in honour of　④in honour of ‎[易错提醒]　以上短语中名词前没冠词修饰，本身也无复数形式。‎ ‎5．look forward to盼望；期望；期待 ‎[教材原句]　The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.‎ 最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。‎ look into 往……里看；调查 look out 向外看；当心；小心 look up to 仰视；尊敬；赞赏 look down on/upon 俯视；轻视；看不起 单句语法填空 ‎①I'm looking forward to ________(hear) from you as soon as possible.‎ ‎②A good teacher never look ________ upon slow students.‎ ‎③The novel I looked forward to ________(publish) last week.‎ 完成句子 ‎④He's a fine teacher. We've always _________________ him.‎ 他是一位优秀老师，我们一向很尊敬他。‎ ‎[答案]　①hearing　②down　③was published　④looked up to ‎[知识顾问]　look forward to中to为介词，该短语常放在定语从句中作谓语，考查其后的谓语动词形式。如上面③所示。‎ ‎6．either... or...连接并列成分 ‎[教材原句]　Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ‎ 25‎ ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.‎ 有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。‎ ‎(1)either... or...意为“或者……，或者……；要么……，要么……；不是……就是……”。它可以连接两个并列成分，如谓语动词、名词、代词、不定式或分词、介词短语等。‎ ‎①He left the mobile phone ________ on the table ________ in the drawer.‎ 他把手机不是放在桌子上，就是放在抽屉里了。‎ ‎(2)它连接的两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”，即要与邻近的主语保持一致。‎ ‎②Either you or I _________________________________________tomorrow.‎ 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。‎ ‎③________ either he or you to attend the wedding?‎ 是他还是你去参加婚礼？‎ ‎[答案]　①either; or　②am going there　③Is ‎[思维发散]　与either... or...用法类似，同样遵循“就近原则”的结构还有：neither... nor...既不……，也不……；not only... but (also)．..不仅……，而且……；not... but...不是……，而是……。‎ 语境串考点 ‎(语法填空)‎ The most 1.____________(energy) and important festivals are the ones 2.____________ look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. China and Japan have mid－autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes. Some 3.____________(west) countries have very exciting carnivals, 4.____________ take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. Easter is an important 5.____________(religion) and social festival for Christians around the world. 6.____________ celebrates the return of Jesus from the death and the coming of spring and new life. The country, 7.____________(cover) with cherry tree flowers, looks as if it is covered with pink snow.‎ 25‎ People love to get together 8.____________(eat), drink and have fun 9.____________ each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work 10.____________ a little while.‎ ‎[答案]　1.energetic　2.that　3.western　4.which　5.religious　6.It　7.covered　8.to eat　9.with　10.for 25‎ 第二时段　Learning about Language & Using Language ‎1．permission n．许可；允许 ‎[教材原句]　You want to ask your mum for permission to go with your friends to the cinema.‎ 你想请求你妈妈允许你和朋友一起去看电影。‎ ‎　　‎ ‎(1)ask for sb.'s permission 请求某人的许可 without permission 未经允许/许可 give sb. permission to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ‎(2)permit vt. 允许；许可 n. 许可；执照；许可证 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 单句语法填空 ‎①You'd better ask the teacher for ________(permit) to leave before you go.‎ ‎②As there was no bed available in the centre, he was permitted ________(wait) for further notice at home.‎ ‎③With his teacher's ________(permit), the student entered the classroom.‎ 句型转换 ‎④We don't permit people to smoke in the hall.‎ ‎→We don't _____________________________ in the hall.‎ ‎[答案]　①permission　②to wait　③permission ‎④permit smoking ‎2．apologize vi.道歉；辩白 ‎[教材原句]　Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.‎ 他不想屏息等她来道歉。‎ ‎(1)apologize to sb.for(doing)sth.‎ 因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb.that... 向某人道歉……‎ ‎(2)apology n. 道歉 make an apology to sb.for sth.‎ 因某事向某人道歉 owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉 单句语法填空 25‎ ‎①The shy waitress apologized to me for ________(make) a mistake after she charged me 100 yuan for just one tin of Coke.‎ ‎②The shy waitress made an ________(apologize) to me for ________(make) a mistake after she charged me 100 yuan for just one tin of Coke.‎ ‎③I owe you ________ apology for the damage I have done to your flat.‎ 完成句子 ‎④He ____________ his mother ________ he went home late.‎ 他回家晚了，所以向母亲道歉。‎ ‎[答案]　①making　②apology; making　③an ‎④apologized to; that ‎3．remind vt.提醒；使想起 ‎[教材原句]　“... I don't want them to remind me of her.”‎ ‎“……我不想因它们想起她来。”‎ ‎　　　‎ ‎(1)remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起……‎ remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind (sb.) that/how/what... 提醒(某人)……‎ ‎(2)reminder n. 提醒的人/物；催单 单句语法填空 ‎①You must remind him ________(take) his medicine, in case he forgets.‎ ‎②Passengers ________(remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train.‎ ‎③This reminds me ________ what we did together during our holiday.‎ ‎④The last thing you'd better want is a constant ________(remind) of a bad experience.‎ ‎[答案]　①to take　②are reminded　③of　④reminder ‎4．forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt.原谅；饶恕；免除(债务)‎ ‎[教材原句]　She would never forgive him.‎ 她恐怕永远不会原谅他了。‎ forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事 forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事 forgive one's doing sth. 原谅某人做了某事 单句语法填空 ‎①Forgive others, and you ____________(forgive)．‎ ‎②Forgive me ________ having taken up so much of your time and accept my best ‎ 25‎ wishes for your health and happiness.‎ ‎③____________(forgive) for the past is the most precious gift we can receive.‎ ‎④Forgive me for ____________(interrupt), but I really don't agree with that.‎ ‎[答案]　①are forgiven　②for　③Being forgiven　④interrupting ‎[思维发散]　表示“原谅某人(做)某事”的短语还有pardon/excuse sb. for (doing) sth.。‎ ‎5．turn up出现；到场；开大(音量)；向上翻；被找到 ‎[教材原句]　But she didn't turn up.‎ 可是她却不见人影。‎ turn down 拒绝；关小；调低 turn in 上交；拐入 turn out 结果是；证明是；生产；制造 turn over 翻身；移交；转变 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn to sb. (for help) 向某人求助 写出下列句中turn up的含义 ‎①The meeting has been going on for a long time but he hasn't turned up yet.____________‎ ‎②I can't hear the music. Please turn up the radio.____________‎ ‎③He turned up his coat collar against the chill wind.____________‎ 完成句子 ‎④If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock, your guests will consider it polite ________ exactly on time in Germany.‎ 如果你邀请人们七点聚会，那么在德国你的客人们会认为准时出现是有礼貌的。‎ ‎⑤New technologies have made it possible to ________ new products faster and at a lower cost.‎ 新的科技使得以更快速度、更低花销生产出新产品成为了可能。‎ ‎[答案]　①到场，出现　②开大(音量)　③向上翻 ‎④to turn up　⑤turn out ‎6．keep one's word守信用；履行诺言 ‎[教材原句]　She said she would be there at seven o'clock, and he thought she would keep her word.‎ 她说她会在7点到达，他(李方)认为她会守信用的。‎ 25‎ break one's word 失信；食言；失约 eat one's words 承认说错话；收回前言 have a word with 和……说一句话 have words with 和……争论 in a word 总之 in other words 换句话说 Word came that... 消息传来……‎ 用word构成的短语填空 ‎①You may depend upon what he says, for he is a person who always ________________.‎ ‎②The secretary said that she had ________________ her boss. That's why she got fired.‎ ‎③I ________________ the manager yesterday, and I told him that I wanted to quit.‎ ‎④________________ Jin Zhengen will pay an official visit to Russia next month.‎ ‎⑤I have promised to take my wife out tonight, so I dare not ________________.‎ ‎[答案]　①keeps his word　②had words with　③had a word with　④Word came that　⑤break my word ‎[方法规律]　(1)keep/break one's word中word总是用单数形式。‎ ‎(2)word当“消息”讲时，是不可数名词。‎ ‎7．set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引发；触发；激起 ‎[教材原句]　As Li Fang set off for home, he thought, “I guess Hu Jin doesn't love me...”．‎ 当李方动身往家走时，心里想“我猜胡瑾不爱我……”。‎ set up 建立；创立 set out (to do) 出发；开始(做)‎ set aside 放在一边；留出；不理会 set down 写下；记下 set about doing 开始做 写出下列句中set off的含义 ‎①Be careful that you don't set the fireworks off by mistake.____________‎ ‎②We set off at dawn so that we could get to the coast before lunch time.____________‎ ‎③That strike set off a series of strikes throughout the country.____________‎ 用set相关短语的适当形式填空 25‎ ‎④After the earthquake, the people ______________ rebuilding their homes.‎ ‎⑤Some doctors advise ______________ a certain hour each day for worries.‎ ‎⑥He has achieved what he ______________ to do three years ago.‎ ‎⑦It takes a bit of time to ______________ a new system, but it's well worth the journey.‎ ‎[答案]　①使爆炸　②出发　③引发；激起　④set about　⑤setting aside　⑥set out　⑦set up ‎8．“It is/was＋adj.＋that...”句式 ‎[教材原句]　It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave—he wiped the tables, then sat down and turned on the TV—just what Li Fang needed!‎ 很明显，咖啡店的经理在等李方离开——他擦好桌子，然后坐下来，打开电视机——这正合李方的意！‎ ‎(1)It be＋形容词(possible, obvious, important...)＋that从句。‎ ‎①_________________________________________ children (should) haveenough sleep.‎ 孩子们有足够的睡眠是很有必要的。‎ ‎(2)It be＋过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported...)＋that从句。‎ ‎②_________________________________________ Liu Qiangdong had beencharged in America.‎ 据报道刘强东在美国受到了指控。‎ ‎③_________________________________________ the English party (should)be held on Saturday.‎ 有人建议英语晚会周六举行。‎ ‎(3)It＋不及物动词(seem, occur, happen...)＋that从句。‎ ‎④_________________________________________ the noodles you cookedtasted good.‎ 我想起来了，你煮的面条味道还真不错。‎ ‎⑤_________________________________ he was there with us.‎ 碰巧他当时和我们在一起。‎ ‎(4)It be＋名词短语(a pity, a fact, a wonder, an honour, an idea, no wonder...)＋that从句。‎ ‎⑥____________________________ you've missed such a good chance.‎ 你错过了这样一个好机会，真是遗憾。‎ 25‎ ‎(5)It's＋名词/形容词(no good/no use/useless/a waste of time...)＋doing sth.。‎ ‎⑦_____________________________ taking this kind of medicine.‎ 吃这种药没有用。‎ ‎[答案]　①It is necessary that　②It was reported that　③It is suggested that　④It occurred to me that　⑤It happened that　⑥It is a pity that　⑦It's useless/no use ‎[方法规律]　在句型“It is/was strange/important/necessary/essential...＋that从句”中，从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ 语境串考点 ‎(短文改错)‎ It was Valentine's Day and Hu Jin had said she would met Li Fang at the coffee shop after work. But she didn't turn up. Well, Li Fang was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize. He would drown his sad in coffee. It was obviously that the manager of the coffee shop wanted Li Fang to leave. While waiting for Hu Jin, she watched a sad Chinese story on TV.‎ As Li Fang set off to his home, he didn't want the flowers and chocolates to remind him of her. But he threw them away. As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way to home, he heard a voice call him. Hu Jin had been waiting him for a long time. What should he do？‎ He had thrown away her Valentine gifts. She will never forgive him. This would not be a happy Valentine's Day！‎ ‎[答案]　‎ It was Valentine's Day and Hu Jin had said she would Li Fang at the coffee shop after work. But she didn't turn up. Well, Li Fang was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize. He would drown his in coffee. It was that the manager of the coffee shop wanted Li Fang to leave. While waiting for Hu Jin, watched a sad Chinese story on TV.‎ As Li Fang set off his home, he didn't want the flowers and chocolates to ‎ 25‎ remind him of her. he threw them away. As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home, he heard a voice him. Hu Jin had been waiting him for a long time. What should he do?‎ He had thrown away her Valentine gifts. She never forgive him. This would not be a happy Valentine's Day！‎ Step 3　课后演练——知识能力　链接高考 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The event ________(celebration) its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening.‎ ‎[答案]　celebrates ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Dancing ________(remind) me I'm alive.‎ ‎[答案]　reminds ‎3．(2017·北京卷)There are probably decades in which to plan for the ________(arrive) of super intelligent machines.‎ ‎[答案]　arrival ‎4．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings ________(admire) is their ability to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.‎ ‎[答案]　admirable ‎5．My father has much ________(believe) in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.‎ ‎[答案]　belief ‎6．________(obvious), the ship set out on its voyage without permission last night.‎ ‎[答案]　Obviously ‎7．I find that doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more ________(energy)．‎ ‎[答案]　energetic ‎8．I think you should go back to your ________(origin) plan.‎ ‎[答案]　original 25‎ ‎9．He hurt me deeply and begged me to forgive him ________ his actions.‎ ‎[答案]　for ‎10．Many people died of ________(starve) in Africa that year.‎ ‎[答案]　starvation Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．It is necessary that he would be sent there at once.____________‎ ‎[答案]　would→should ‎2．He comes to me in the belief whether I can help him.____________‎ ‎[答案]　whether→that ‎3．Either you or the headmaster are to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.____________‎ ‎[答案]　are→is ‎4．If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick at them.____________‎ ‎[答案]　at→on ‎5．I lay quietly, listening to the cricket choir outside, which reminded me my childhood.____________‎ ‎[答案]　在me后加of ‎6．I'm writing this letter to express my apology for you for not writing you back in time.____________‎ ‎[答案]　第一个for→to ‎7．I'll keep my words, and I'll tell him everything.____________‎ ‎[答案]　words→word ‎8．She was out of her breath from climbing the stairs.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉her ‎9．The Spring Festival is coming. I'm looking forward to return home.____________‎ ‎[答案]　return→returning ‎10．If you want to catch that train, you'd better set about for the station immediately.____________‎ ‎[答案]　about→off Ⅲ.根据提示词及相关要求完成句子 ‎1．他看电视的时候睡着了。(while)‎ He fell asleep _________________________________________.‎ 25‎ ‎[答案]　while (he was) watching TV ‎2．很显然，发生了意料之外的事，这迫使他们放弃了原来的计划。(It is＋adj.＋that...)‎ ‎________________________________ something quite unexpected had happened，which made them drop their original plan.‎ ‎[答案]　It was obvious that ‎3．他规定在营业时间，要么他要么所有员工在店里值班。(either... or...)‎ He makes it a rule that ____________________ are on duty in the shop during opening hours.‎ ‎[答案]　either he or all the staff ‎4．这个故事使我想起了我还是中学生时的经历。(remind)‎ This story ____________________________ when I was a middle school student.‎ ‎[答案]　reminds me of my experience ‎5．我只记得整个地板似乎都在颤动，我好像漂浮在河上。(as though)‎ I only remember that the whole floor seemed to be rocking and I felt _________________________________________ on a river.‎ ‎[答案]　as though I were floating ‎6．就我个人而言，这道数学题很难算出来。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)‎ As far as I'm concerned, this maths problem ________________.‎ ‎[答案]　is difficult to work out 高考题型分组训练 阅读理解板块训练——重细节，练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How_to_Get_to_Holker By Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere—20 minutes, Kendal—25 minutes, Lancaster—45 minutes, Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.‎ By Rail: The nearest station is CarkinCartmel with trains to Carnforth. Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports. ‎ 25‎ Opening_times Sunday—Friday(closed on Saturday) 11：00 a．m.～4：00 p．m., 30th March—2nd November.‎ Admission_Charges Hall & Gardens　　　　Gardens Adults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00‎ Groups: ￡9.00 ￡5.50‎ Special Events Producers'_Market　13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.‎ Holker_Garden_Festival　30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening.‎ National_Garden_Day　28th August Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.‎ Winter_Market　8th November This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了到霍克庄园旅游的相关信息，包括如何到达、开放时间、票价以及一些特殊的活动等。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?‎ A．20 minutes. B．25 minutes.‎ C．45 minutes. D．90 minutes.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。题干关键词为drive和Manchester。据此定位到文章开头How to Get to Holker部分By car后的“Manchester－1 hour 30 minutes”，从而可知，开车从Manchester到Holker需要90分钟。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎2．How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall &Gardens?‎ A．￡12.00. B．￡9.00.‎ C．￡8.00. D．￡5.50.‎ 25‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。题干关键词为a member of a tour group和Hall & Gardens。根据选项可定位到Admission Charges部分，其中Groups部分的票价就是跟团旅游的票价，因此，旅行团的一位成员参观Hall & Gardens需要支付9英镑。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎3．Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?‎ A．Producers' Market. B．Holker Garden Festival.‎ C．National Garden Day. D．Winter Market.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。题干关键词为a live music show。据此定位到Winter Market 8th November部分的“... while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.”，由此可知答案选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D B ‎(2018·长沙调研)The old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world. The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West. But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.‎ Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival. People thought the sputtering(爆裂) sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, the activity has been completely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration.‎ ‎“In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to(屈从于) public demand. Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinion，” said ‎ 25‎ Zhou Xing, a folklore researcher.‎ ‎“As people gain more income and it becomes easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other. After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors. The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing. However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy，” said Li Shunzhi, a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang.‎ ‎“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside. My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper－cuttings. On New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us，” said Zhang Hui, from Hebei. ‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了中国春节的一些传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们对此现象的不同观点。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?‎ A．Setting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years.‎ B．Nowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival.‎ C．People believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits.‎ D．In the past, setting off fireworks couldn't be seen almost anywhere.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival.”可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎5．What Li Shunzhi said implies ________.‎ A．what people do during the festival now is different from the past B．people would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve C．people prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a rest D．the New Year holiday is just like any other day ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第四段的整体内容可推知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A 25‎ ‎6．What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A．Zhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival.‎ B．Zhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family.‎ C．Zhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival.‎ D．Zhang Hui lives in the urban area.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“My family has been preparing for...”和“On New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up to see...”以及本段的整体内容可推知，张惠习惯和家人一起过春节，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎7．What does the whole passage show?‎ A．The Spring Festival is as lively as before.‎ B．The Spring Festival is outdated now.‎ C．The Spring Festival is losing its qualities.‎ D．The Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.”，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述了中国春节的一些传统习俗在逐渐消失这一现象，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C C The origins of the Christmas traditions are the most fascinating of any holiday. All our favorite activities can be traced(追溯) back to specific points in history, and knowing how these things came about just makes celebrating Christmas much more wonderful.‎ 25‎ The original Nicholas was born in 280 A. D. in the small country of Lycia, which is now part of modern Turkey. Nicholas became first a priest(牧师)and then a bishop(主教) in the early Christian church. The first paintings of him show Nicholas wearing the clothes of a Christian bishop—red decorated with white. When we see Santa's suit today, we're still seeing the two kinds of colors.‎ Nicholas became famous for gift－giving. In the early fourth century, a legend began to spread about Nicholas coming at night to the home of three poor girls who did not have money and therefore could not get married. While the girls slept, Nicholas left gold coins in their stockings, which were drying by the fire. That's how the tradition of Santa filling stockings got its start. ‎ In 1841, Santa first appeared at a department store in Philadelphia. This Santa tried to climb down a chimney to impress the children who were watching, but he got stuck halfway down. In 1890, department store Santas began appearing all over America, especially on the East Coast around Boston. Parents in other countries joined together and hired passenger trains to take their families to see these Santas.‎ At the same time, Ralph E. Morris of the New England Telephone Company suggested that strings of lights be hung on Christmas trees. After all, lights would be much safer than candles. Our modern－day image of Santa as a fat man is based on ads of the Coca－Cola company in the 1930s. Artist Hans Sundblom used a retired salesman named Les Prentice as his model.‎ 语篇解读：本文为记叙文。圣诞节传统的起源是所有节日中最吸引人的，人们了解这些起源也是为了使圣诞节过得更美妙。‎ ‎8．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?‎ A．Christmas is the most important holiday.‎ B．The traditions of Christmas are based on facts.‎ C．There was not any record of Christmas in the past.‎ D. More and more people begin to celebrate Christmas.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。由第一段可知，我们喜欢的任何圣诞节传统都可以追溯到历史上特定的由来，并且知道这些活动是如何产生的。由此可推知，这些传统都是建立在事实之上的。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎9．What do we know about Nicholas?‎ A．He set up the first Christian church.‎ B．He was called Santa Claus when he was born.‎ 25‎ C．His clothes are similar to Santa's suit in color.‎ D．His image is the same as the modern－day Santa.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。由第二段“... red decorated with white. When we see Santa's suit today, we're still seeing the two kinds of colors.”可知，尼古拉斯第一批画像中穿着基督教主教的衣服——红色镶有白色的衣服。在如今圣诞老人的装扮中，我们看到的仍然是这两种颜色。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎10．Three poor girls are mentioned to ________.‎ A．prove that Nicholas used to be a rich man B．tell of the origin of Santa filling stockings C．show Christmas was set up mainly for the poor D．describe a famous story in the early fourth century ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第三段“That's how the tradition of Santa filling stockings got its start.”可知，提到三个穷苦女孩是为了讲述圣诞老人把礼物放进袜子这一传统的由来。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎11．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?‎ A．Santa didn't become popular until the year 1890.‎ B．Candles have never been used on Christmas trees.‎ C．The Coca－Cola company designed the image of Santa.‎ D．Santa began giving gifts by climbing down chimneys in 1841.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知，1890年，圣诞老人百货商场盛行于美国，尤其是在波士顿的东海岸。世界各地的家长一起带着家人，坐着租来的旅客列车观赏这些圣诞老人。由此可知，圣诞老人于1890年开始流行。‎ ‎[答案]　A D ‎(2018·衡水中学高三分科综合测试)What would it take to get you to put down your phone during a meal? Sarah's Corner Café in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, is offering a deal for people who want to enjoy a meal, and each other, unplugged. They've set up so－called “family recharging stations” at tables where you drop your phone into a basket.‎ ‎“They let the server know and the server will bring over a basket with old fashioned Hangman and Tic Tac Toe and pencils because those games are interactive instead of coloring, which is solitary(孤单的)，” owner Barry Lynch told ‎ 25‎ ABCNews. Once a family joins in the challenge, staff bring games to the table to encourage the family to interact and communicate with one another.‎ If families make it through the meal without looking at their phones, they're rewarded 10 percent off their bill. “A lot of people are starting to do it and it's taken on a life of its own，” said Lynch.‎ The idea for the “family recharging time” came to Lynch after observing many of his customers. “There's one particular family I knew used to come in on Sunday for breakfast after church，” he recalled. “Every time I went over, one or two of the kids and sometimes the parents would be on the phone. I also knew the dad would go to New York for work every day, which takes a lot of time. I asked him about that and he said, ‘Yeah, I still do it. It's so nice to be together and these breakfasts are rare.’ And when he said that, I thought, ‘Something is going on here. I need to do something.’”‎ Lynch is thrilled by the response his phone－free meals have gotten and hopes they continue to enrich his customers' family time. “I just thought it was such a shame not to have more time together just to talk，” he said.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一则新闻报道。宾夕法尼亚州的一家餐厅为了鼓励顾客就餐时不看手机，推出了“家庭再充电站”。如果在就餐时不看手机，顾客可享受九折优惠。很多顾客积极响应，增加了与家人之间的互动与交流。‎ ‎12．How can a family get a 10% discount at Sarah's Corner Café？‎ A．They have phone－free meals.‎ B．They take no phones for meals.‎ C．They keep polite during the meals.‎ D．They remain quiet during the meals.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，就餐时不看手机的家庭可以享受9折优惠。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎13．Why do servers bring over the games to the challengers?‎ A．To cater for them.‎ B．To test their courage.‎ C．To make them communicate.‎ D．To develop their game skills.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，服务员准备游戏是为了让家庭成员之间进行互动和交流。故选C。‎ 25‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎14．What did Barry show by telling the family's story?‎ A．Why he had pity on the family.‎ B．How the family spent their weekend.‎ C．Why the family members ignored each other.‎ D．How he had the idea for “family recharging time”．‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句和第四段内容可知，文中列举的这个家庭的故事是Lynch产生“家庭充电时间”这一想法的灵感。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎15．What's the reaction of the customers about their phone－free meals?‎ A．Passive. B．Positive.‎ C．Casual. D．Doubtful.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句以及最后一段中的“Lynch is thrilled by the response...”可知，餐厅推行的这个新举措受到了顾客的欢迎；由此可推知，顾客对此的反馈是积极的。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B Ⅱ.七选五阅读填空 Have you ever heard of homecoming? It's a tradition celebrated every year in the US. At homecoming，a school or university welcomes back former students or alumni (校友). __1__ It means, “coming home”．‎ This is a time when everyone can get together. __2__ There are events that encourage school spirit all throughout homecoming week, which leads to the big day on Friday.‎ A major activity that most students will take part in is choosing the homecoming king and queen. __3__ This is a group of boys and girls who represent(代表) school spirit. At the end of the week, students vote for a boy and a girl to be the king and the queen.‎ Then it's time for the football game, the main event of homecoming week! __4__ Almost everyone from school goes to the game: students, parents, teachers, and alumni visitors. If they win, everyone is very happy.‎ ‎__5__ Students dress up, and some might even bring a date to go with them. After the dance, homecoming is officially over, and everyone can't wait for next year!‎ A．The last event is the homecoming dance.‎ B．That is where the name comes from.‎ 25‎ C．Homecoming usually lasts a week and happens in the fall.‎ D．The football team faces a lot of pressure to do well for the big crowd.‎ E．The tradition began more than 100 years ago in the United States.‎ F．Students get to pick who will be on homecoming court early in the week.‎ G．Homecoming week was not just about fun, but also a chance to try out new things.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国各学校或大学每年一度的盛大节日——返校节的有关情况，包括该活动的时间、传统活动等。‎ ‎1．[解析]　根据上文可知，在返校节上，学校或大学欢迎以前的学生或校友回来，再根据下一句可知，此处是对homecoming的介绍。故B项正确。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎2．[解析]　根据下文中的“all throughout homecoming week”可知，C项“返校节通常是在秋天，会持续一周时间”与下文衔接，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．[解析]　返校节的一项重要活动是大多数学生参与评选返校节的“国王”与“王后”，由此可知，F项符合语境。‎ ‎[答案]　F ‎4．[解析]　根据上文可知，选出“国王”和“王后”之后，就该进行返校节的另一项重要活动了，那就是足球赛。根据下文可知，几乎每个到校的人都会去观看比赛，由此可知，D项符合语境，即在这么多观众面前，球队会面临很大的压力。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎5．[解析]　根据下文提到的学生要盛装打扮以及“After the dance, homecoming is officially over”可知，A项符合语境，即最后一项活动是返校节舞会。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A 25‎