2020届北师大版高考一轮复习必修三学案：Unit7SectionⅣLesson2&Lesson3 12页

Section_ⅣLesson_2_&_Lesson_3_—_Language_Points ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 一、这样记单词 记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多 Ⅰ.基础词汇 ‎1.ban vt.　　　　　　　　禁止 ‎2.handle vt. 对付 ‎3.department n. 部，系，局，部门 ‎4.discount n. 折扣，减价 ‎5.altogether adv. 完全 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 ‎1.industrial adj.工业的→industry n．工业 ‎2.agricultural adj.农业的→agriculture n．农业 ‎3.chemical n．化学物→chemistry n．化学→chemist n．化学家，药剂师 ‎4.present vt.演示；讲演→presentation n．介绍；赠送 ‎5.solution n．解决办法；答案→solve vt.解决，处理 ‎6.pollute vt.使污染→pollution n．污染 ‎7.intelligent adj.有灵性的；聪明的→intelligence n．智力，理解力 ‎8.energetic adj.有活力的→energy n．精力，活力 ‎9.discovery n．发现→discover v．发现 ‎10.educate vt.教育→education n．教育→educational adj.有教育意义的 ‎1.handle vt.处理 ‎[联想]　handle 的原意是“手柄”，引申为“处理”时，其内涵是管理和操纵。‎ ‎[词块]　①handle three languages 运用三种语言 ‎②handle well 操作得很好　③handle easily 容易操作 ‎2.discount n．折扣 ‎[记法]　dis(不)＋count(计算)→不计算在内→打折 ‎[联想]　dis前缀单词荟萃 ‎①disadvantage n．不利因素　　　②disorder n．无秩序 ‎③discover v．发现 ④dislike n. & v．不喜爱 ‎3.present vt.讲演，演示；授予；赠送；介绍 n. 礼物；目前 adj. 在场的；目前的 ‎[图片记忆]　‎ ‎[串记]　I'd rather use a chart to present the present situation to the audience present.‎ 我愿意用图表向在场的观众呈现目前的形势。 ‎ ‎4.energetic adj. 有活力的 ‎[联想]　归纳tic结尾的形容词 ‎①romantic adj.浪漫的 ‎②realistic adj.实事求是的；现实的 ‎③fantastic adj.极好的 ‎5.length n．长度，长 ‎11.attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引人的地方→attractive adj.诱人的 ‎12.measure vi. & vt.‎(长度、数量)为；测量→measurement n．测量；(某物的)尺寸 ‎13.length n．长度，长→long adj.长的→lengthen v. (使)变长；延长 ‎[联想]　度量名词知多少 ‎①width 宽　②depth 深　③height 高 二、这样记短语 记牢固定短语 多积常用词块 ‎1.make a living　　　　　谋生 ‎2．take turns 轮流 ‎3．every two hours 每两小时 ‎4．watch out 注意，小心 ‎5．on the one hand ... on the other hand ...‎ ‎ 一方面……另一方面……‎ ‎6．in length 在长度方面 ‎1.deal with　　　　　　　　　处理 ‎2．make notes 做笔记 ‎3．be responsible for 对……负责 ‎4．be interested in 对……感兴趣 ‎5．of high intelligence 智商高的 ‎6．communicate with sb. 与某人交流 ‎7．the sooner the better 越早越好 三、这样记句式 先背熟 再悟通 后仿用 ‎1.Well, they are animals of high intelligence and they can communicate.‎ 噢，它们是高智商的动物，并且它们可以交流。‎ ‎“of＋表示抽象意义的名词”结构在句中作定语。‎ People of_different_age have different opinions on the book.‎ 不同年龄的人对这本书有不同的看法。‎ ‎2.It's three times as big underwater.‎ 它的水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。‎ three times as big为倍数表达法。‎ This tree is three_times_as_tall_as that one.‎ 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。‎ ‎3.You certainly won't find a noisier fish.‎ 你绝不会找到(比它们)更吵闹的鱼。‎ 比较级用在否定句中，表达最高级之意。‎ How well Song Zuying sings! I've never_heard_a_better_voice.‎ 宋祖英唱得多好啊！这是我听到过的最美的歌声。‎ ‎4.Some fish attract other fish with a light on their body — ‎ ‎“with＋宾语＋介词短语”结构在句中作状语。‎ With_the_children_at_school，we can't take our vacation ‎ and then eat them!‎ 有些鱼用它们身体上的一种光吸引其他的鱼——然后吃掉它们！‎ when we want to.‎ 由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时却不能去。‎ ‎1．(教材P10)ban vt.禁止n.禁止，禁令 ‎(1)ban doing sth.　　　　　　　禁止做某事 ban sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 ‎(2)a ban on sth. 关于……的禁令 ‎①The government has banned the use of chemical weapons.‎ 政府已经禁止使用化学武器。‎ ‎②The government has banned smoking (smoke) on public transport.‎ 政府正在考虑禁止在公交车上吸烟。‎ ‎③He was banned from driving for three years.‎ 他被禁驾三年。‎ ‎④Most people are for the ban on smoking in public buildings.‎ 多数人赞成在公共场所吸烟的禁令。 ‎ ‎2．(教材P11)solution n．答案；解决办法 a/the solution to sth.　　　　　 ……的解决方法 solve v. 解决；解答 ‎①What is the solution to the radiation found in the vegetables?‎ 解决蔬菜里发现的放射性物质的办法是什么？‎ ‎②It took me an hour to find the solution to the problem.‎ 解决这个问题花了我一个小时。‎ ‎③The little boy helped his father to_solve_the_mystery.‎ 小男孩帮他父亲解开了谜团。‎ ‎[名师点津]　solution后接介词to，表示“……的解决方法”，类似的名词还有key, answer, entrance, attitude(态度)等。‎ ‎④What's your attitude to students using cell phones at school?‎ 你对学生在校使用手机持什么态度？‎ ‎3．(教材P11)They also try to help people to get other kinds of jobs so there are less people trying to make a living from fishing.‎ 他们还尽力帮助人们找到一些其他的工作，这样就会有更少的人再试图靠捕鱼谋生了。‎ make a living谋生 make a/one's living 　　　　　谋生 earn a/one's living 谋生 make a ... life 过……的生活 ‎①She took it for granted that it was easier to make a living in the cities.‎ 她想当然地认为在城市谋生容易些。‎ ‎②I wonder how he can make/earn_his/a_living with both his hands missing.‎ 我不知道没有了双手他如何生存。‎ ‎③We make a living by what we get, but we make_a_life by what we give.‎ ‎[谚语]我们靠所得来谋生，但靠给予来创造生活。‎ ‎4．(教材P11)How will you present your project?‎ 你将如何演示你的计划？‎ present ‎ (1)vt.讲演，演示；授予；赠送；介绍；引见 present sth. to sb.　　 向某人提交某物 present sb. with sth. ＝present sth. to sb.‎ ‎ 给某人颁奖，向某人赠送某物 present sb. to sb. 向某人介绍/引见某人 ‎①After making careful preparations, I presented the report to the manager.‎ 详细准备之后，我把报告交给了经理。‎ ‎②The children presented flowers to the teachers.‎ ‎＝The children presented the teachers with flowers.‎ 孩子们向老师赠送鲜花。‎ ‎③Allow me to present Mr. Brown to you.‎ 请允许我把布朗先生介绍给你。‎ ‎ (2)n.礼物；赠品；现在；目前 at present　　　　　　　　 现在；目前 for the present 暂时 ‎④Personally, I think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one.‎ 就我个人而言，我认为最好的礼物不一定是最昂贵的礼物。‎ ‎⑤He is at_present away on his holidays.‎ 目前他去休假了。‎ ‎ (3)adj.在场的，出席的；现在的，目前的 be present at　　　　　　　　 出席 be absent from 缺席 ‎⑥Something must be done about the present situation.‎ 关于目前的状况必须采取某种措施。‎ ‎⑦People present_at_the_meeting were mostly scientists from different parts of the world.‎ 出席会议的主要是来自世界各地的科学家。‎ ‎[名师点津]　present表示“出席的，在场的”时，常作表语或后置定语；当表示“目前的”时，常作前置定语。‎ ‎5．(教材P12)There are fantastic shows every two hours.‎ 每两个小时就有一场精彩的表演。‎ every two hours每两小时 ‎(1)every＋序数词＋单数名词，意为“每……，第……”。‎ ‎①He comes to see his uncle every third Sunday every month.‎ 他每月第三个星期天来看他的叔叔。‎ ‎(2)every＋基数词＋复数名词＝every＋序数词＋单数名词，意为“每(多少)”。‎ ‎②She waters the flowers every_two_days/every_second_day to keep it grow well.‎ 她每两天给花浇一次水，以便它们长得好。‎ ‎(3)every other＋单数名词，意思是“每隔一……”。‎ ‎③He goes to town every_other_day to buy things.‎ 他每隔一天进一次城买东西。‎ ‎(4)every few＋复数名词，意思是“每隔几……”。‎ ‎④He stopped and turned around every_few_metres.‎ 他每走几米就停下来向四周看一看。‎ ‎6．(教材P12)Our most uptodate attraction.‎ ‎(这是)我们最新式的引人入胜之处。‎ uptodate adj.最新的；现代的 ‎(1)up to date　　　　　　　　 最新的 out of date 过时的 to date＝up to now/so far 到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)‎ ‎(2)date back to/date from 追溯到 ‎①We can get the uptodate information around the world through the Internet.‎ 通过互联网我们可以获得世界各地的最新资讯。‎ ‎②Much of the information in that book is_now_out_of_date.‎ 那本书的材料中有许多现在已经过时了。‎ ‎③The college dates_back_to medieval times.‎ 这所学院创办于中世纪。‎ ‎[名师点津]　date back to/date from常用一般现在时，无被动形式；作定语时，常用现在分词形式。‎ attraction n. [C]吸引人的地方[U]吸引，吸引力 ‎(1)attract vt.　　　　　　 吸引 ‎(2)attractive adj. 有吸引力的 be attractive to 对……有吸引力 ‎①The Tower of London is a great attraction to tourists.‎ 伦敦塔对游客有很大的吸引力。‎ ‎②The tourist attraction is so attractive that it attracts a great many visitors every year.(attract)‎ 这个旅游胜地如此吸引人，以至于每年都吸引很多的游客。‎ ‎③Actually, the three columns are equally attractive to us students.‎ 实际上，这三个栏目对我们学生有同样的吸引力。‎ ‎7．(教材P12)Watch out！小心！‎ watch out for ...　　　　　　　 当心/小心 watch over 保护，照看某人 watch it (口)当心 ‎①Watch out！There is a car coming!‎ 小心，有车！‎ ‎②Watch_out_for cars when you cross the road.‎ 过马路时要当心车辆。‎ ‎③There must have been an angel watching over me that day.‎ 那天一定是有天使在保佑我。‎ ‎[名师点津]　英语中表示“当心”的短语还有：be careful, look out等。‎ ‎8．(教材P13)Bigger dolphins can measure four metres in length but common dolphins are usually less than two metres long.‎ 大一些的海豚可达‎4 米长，但一般的海豚通常不到两米长。‎ measure vt.测定；测量；评估vi.(长度、数量)为n.尺寸；措施 make ... to one's measure 　　 按照某人的尺寸做(衣服等)‎ take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 ‎①The manager measured the importance of the accident and decided to send the worker away.‎ 经理估量了一下事故的重要性，决定把那个工人打发走。‎ ‎②My mother made me a pair of trousers to my measure.‎ 我妈妈按照我的尺寸给我做了一条裤子。‎ ‎③The government must take measures to_protect (protect) the wild animals.‎ 政府应该采取措施来保护野生动物。‎ ‎[名师点津]　measure表示“某物有……长(宽/高等)”时，为不及物动词，后接表示数量单位的内容，不用于被动语态和进行时；表示“措施”，常用复数形式。‎ ‎1．Well, they are animals of high intelligence and they can communicate.‎ 噢，它们是高智商的动物，并且它们可以交流。‎ 句中of high intelligence为“of＋(修饰词)＋表示抽象意义的名词”结构，常在句中充当表语、定语或宾语补足语，指某物/某人属于或具有某种特征、情感、品质等。‎ ‎(1)有的抽象名词可转化为其同根形容词，如help, importance, use, value, interest, benefit等。抽象名词前可以加much, great, little, some, any, no等表示程度。‎ ‎①Theory without practice is of little help.‎ 没有实践的理论是没有什么帮助的。‎ ‎②We all think his words of great importance (important)．‎ 我们都认为他的话非常重要。‎ ‎(2)“of＋名词”结构中的名词还可以是表示度量、种类、形状、颜色等的名词，如size, length, height, width, colour, weight, age, kind等。名词前可以加a, an, the same，表示不同的人或物的共同特征。‎ ‎③The two children are of_the_same_age,_but of_different_heights.‎ 这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。‎ ‎(3)“of＋名词”结构还可以表示主语的根源关系，此时的名词多是表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍及出处的名词，常用的有family, blood, race, origin等。‎ ‎④The Americans are of_almost_all_colours_and_races.‎ 美国人几乎包括各种各样的肤色及种族。‎ ‎2．Some fish attract other fish with a light on their body — and then eat them!‎ 有些鱼用它们身体上的一种光吸引其他的鱼——然后吃掉它们！‎ 本句是一个含有with的复合结构的并列句，with a light on their body是with的复合结构，其结构为“with＋n.＋介词短语”，在句中作状语。with的复合结构还有以下几种形式：‎ ‎①With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories.‎ 美丽的月亮高挂在天空，我们坐在一块吃月饼、吃水果并且分享我们的故事。 ‎ ‎②He is used to sleeping with_the_windows_open.‎ 他习惯于开着窗户睡觉。‎ ‎③He left the room with_all_the_lights_on.‎ 灯全亮着他就离开了房间。‎ ‎④With their homework finished (finish)，they went home happily.‎ 做完作业，他们高高兴兴地回家了。‎ ‎⑤The young woman, with a baby sleeping (sleep) in her arms, was wandering in the street.‎ 那位年轻的妇女，抱着一个熟睡的婴儿，漫步在大街上。‎ ‎⑥With so many essays to_write (write), he won't have time to go shopping this morning.‎ 有那么多文章要写，他今天早上没有时间去买东西。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．With so much work to_do (do), I have no time for a holiday.‎ ‎2．What you said is of no interest to me.‎ ‎3．This is an temple dating (date) back to the Tang Dynasty.‎ ‎4．An earthquake measuring (measure) 9.0 struck the northeast coast of the country on March 11,2014.‎ ‎5．How many people were present at the meeting?‎ ‎6．No country should be banned from joining the UN.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．How do people here make_a_living?‎ 这里的人们怎么谋生呢？‎ ‎2．Sound travels in the water nearly five_times_as_fast_as in the air.‎ 声音在水中的传播速度差不多是在空气中传播速度的五倍。‎ ‎3．The government department is trying to find_a_solution_to the problem of pollution.‎ 政府部门正在试图找到解决污染问题的方法。‎ ‎4．She is_watching_over_her_sick_child day and night.‎ 她在日夜照料自己生病的孩子。‎ ‎5．From 2013 on，my husband and I visited the country every other year/every two ‎ years/every second year until my retirement.‎ 从2013年起直到我退休，我和我的丈夫每隔一年都来这个国家。‎ ‎ 6.Shanghai Disneyland Park has been a_great_attraction_to_tourists since it was completed.‎ 上海迪士尼乐园自建成以来一直对游客有很大的吸引力。‎ 一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The river is 300 kilometres in length (长度)．‎ ‎2．Researchers in this field have made some important discoveries (发现)．‎ ‎3．His son is strong and seems an energetic (有活力) boy.‎ ‎4．The river that used to be clear is now badly polluted (污染)．‎ ‎5．Students should be banned (禁止) from riding ebikes in the school yard.‎ ‎6．He is 5 centimetres (厘米) taller than her.‎ ‎7．Linda has so little education (教育) that she is unable to get a job.‎ ‎8．Dolphins are always of great intelligence (智力) so that children like to play with them.‎ ‎9．The main bedroom，much smaller than other rooms, measures (测量) 15 metres wide.‎ ‎10．Bright Colors are attractive (吸引) to children.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．We happen to be of an age，and we all go in for American football.‎ ‎2．He minds so much about his position in the office that he watches out for any chance to be promoted.‎ ‎3．I think of life as a good book.The further (far) you get into it, the more it begins to make sense.‎ ‎4．We were told that the stone figure dating (date) back to the 16th century was of great value.‎ ‎5．— Why does the lake smell terrible?‎ ‎— Because large quantities of water have_been_polluted (pollute)．‎ ‎6．It is possible for him to come tomorrow morning.‎ ‎7．With Christmas coming (come) near, they began to be busy shopping for the holidays.‎ ‎8．I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times as much.‎ ‎9．My grandfather is as energetic (energy) as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.‎ ‎10．He works hard to make a better living.‎ Ⅲ.选词填空 every two weeks， ban ... from， present ... to ...， of great value， up to date， take ‎ measures to do ‎1．Many schools try to ban students from using mobile phones.‎ ‎2．I'd like to present all my books to the library of my old school.‎ ‎3．This model is the newest and most up_to_date.‎ ‎4．The book he gave me is of_great_value.‎ ‎5．It is high time that we should take_measures_to protect endangered animals.‎ ‎6．He used to visit his parents every_two_weeks,_but he is too busy to call on them now.‎ Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Welcome to Underwater World. You can watch the polar bears, a real iceberg, acrobatic seals and meet more 1.friendly_ (friend) penguins in the “Polar World”. 2.If you go to the “Ocean Floor”， you can see the most beautiful coral and the most unusual fish 3.that appear to “fly” through the water. In the “Sea Theatre”， you can see our 4.intelligent (intelligence) dolphins. There are fantastic shows every two 5.hours (hour). And in the “Discovery Pool”， 6.younger (young) children can touch crabs and other smaller creatures. And on the “Virtual Reality Voyage”， you can enjoy some of the strangest fish in the world. You can see the prettiest fish that use a light on their body 7.to_attract (attraction) other fish, the noisiest fish that can produce sounds almost twice 8.as loud as your speaking voice and the tiniest fish that is smaller 9.than_a fly. Here you can also swim with dolphins and face an attack by the most 10.dangerous (danger) creature in the sea — the great white shark.‎ Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达 去年在我们的家乡建起了一家新工厂。它是旧工厂的三倍大(倍数表达法)。许多人靠在工厂里工作来生活 (make a living)。令我们遗憾的是，来自工厂的黑烟严重的污染 (pollute) 了空气。在我看来，一方面 (on the one hand) 它给我们带来了巨大的利益，另一方面 (on the other hand)它对环境有不好的影响。总之 (altogether)，我们必须找到好的方法 (solution) 来解决 (handle) 这一问题。‎ Last year a new factory was set up in our hometown. It is three times bigger than the old one. Many people make a living by working in the factory. To our regret, the dark smoke from the factory has seriously polluted the air. In my opinion, on the one hand it brings us great profit. On the other hand, it has a bad effect on the environment. Altogether, we must find a good solution to handle the problem.‎ 二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Seated in a convertible (敞篷车) with the top down at 60 miles an hour, Mary looked at the flies that sat on top of Mark's hair. How could they stay there? She wondered.‎ Mary had not seen Mark in years, until the other day when he came into the café where she ‎ worked. His appearance was different from when he was in high school. Now, he was a bit fat and thick glasses covered his eyes. However, that didn't change Mary's feelings for him at all. He had just bought a brand new red sports car and asked her if she would like to go for a ride and then have dinner with him. Her heart beat with excitement as he opened the door for her. She noticed something very strange as Mark got into the car and started to drive away. On the hair was a group of flies just sitting there.‎ Mary stared in amazement. It seemed the faster they drove, the more determined the flies were to stick to his hair. ‎ Mary remained silent. She leaned forward and turned the radio on, to try to divert her attention away from the flies, but she couldn't help thinking about them. She looked up at Mark, who was completely devoted to what was going on and continued to sing to the music while driving merrily along.‎ Finally, Mark pulled the vehicle over to the side of the road beside a diner and looked in the mirror and said, “Mary, I would like to comb my hair before we get something to eat. Could you reach under the seat and give me my hair cream？”‎ Mary reached under the seat and pulled out a camping backpack, which contained a round jar and started to laugh wildly as she pointed to the label (商标)．‎ ‎“That's not hair cream on your hair, Mark! It says it's Fly Trap Glue！”‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述来了久别重逢的马克和玛丽一起出去吃饭，玛丽发现苍蝇一直黏在马克的头发上，后来才知道马克错把蝇胶当成了头油。‎ ‎1．What can we learn from the text?‎ A．Mark had bought a new sports car for Mary.‎ B．Mark used to be a thin，handsome boy.‎ C．Mark and Mary had been in love for years.‎ D．Mary felt strange when she saw the red car.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知马克只是比以前胖了一点点。根据下文可知玛丽愿意和他出去吃饭，说明玛丽对他的印象很好。可知以前的马克是一个瘦瘦的帅小伙。故B项正确。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “divert” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?‎ A．Replace.　　　　　　 B．Absorb.‎ C．Take. D．Recover.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据后半句“but she couldn't help thinking about them”但是她情不自禁地还是想起他头上的那些苍蝇。说明她打开收音机是想把注意力从苍蝇上转移开。所以该词意为“转移(某人的)注意力”。故C项正确。‎ ‎3．Why did Mary burst into laughter?‎ A．Because Mary played a trick on Mark.‎ B．Because their ride wasn't well prepared.‎ C．Because Mark had prepared a jar of hair cream for her.‎ D．Because Mark had mistaken Fly Trap Glue for hair cream.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“That's not hair cream on your hair，Mark！It says it's Fly Trap Glue！”可知马克错把蝇胶当成了头油，导致了之前的苍蝇一直留在头发上。这才是玛丽大笑的原因，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．What can be the best title for this passage?‎ A．Stuck on you. B．Unchanged love.‎ C．A hair trick. D．A wonderful ride.‎ 解析：选A　标题归纳题。本文讲述了久别重逢的马克和玛丽一起出去吃饭，玛丽发现苍蝇一直黏在马克的头发上，后来才知道马克错把蝇胶当成了头油。所以A项“Stuck on you”“粘在你身上”符合文意。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 Humans like to live and work in groups. Language is the “cement”(胶合剂) __1__ holds these groups together. Language is part of culture. Culture, in this sense, __2__ (mean) all those customs, skills, and attitudes that are part of the behavior of a __3__ (particularly) group. What you think __4__ what you want in life are all affected by the culture of the group in which you __5__ (raise). Groups of people live in different ways. They may have different skills, organizations, and art forms. Their family life may be completely different from yours.‎ Human beings are inventive animals. They can decide to change their cultures in order to meet various __6__ (situation). Of all living things, human beings are the __7__ (clever). They can choose __8__ (live)in many environments and in a wide variety of ways. Only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help __9__ (they) realize these choices. Acquiring the wisdom to make wise choices __10__ (be) the lasting challenge of being human. ‎ 答案：1.that/which　2.means　3.particular　4.and 5.are raised　6.situations　7.cleverest/most clever　8.to live　9.themselves　10.is