2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案设计（40页word版） 39页

2019 届一轮复习人教版必修五 Unit 1Great scientists 单元学案设计 Period1 Vocabulary study(Language points) A 组 后缀 conclude vt.&vi.→conclusion n．结论；结束 announce vt.→announcement n．宣布；通告；声明 instruct vt.→instruction n．指令；说明 construct vt.→construction n．建设；建筑物 contribute vt.&vi.→contribution n．贡献；捐助 move v．→movement n．移动；运动；动作 B 组 合成 n．＋n.neighbourhood n．附近；邻近 firework n．烟火(燃放) prep.＋v.foresee vt.预见；预知 adv.＋adv.backward adv.&adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的) C 组 转化 defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n．失败 expert adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 n．专家；行家 cure n．治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗 challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战 suspect_vt.怀疑；认为 n．被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 pump n．泵；抽水机 vt.(用泵)抽(水) blame vt.责备；谴责 n．过失；责备 handle n．柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵 link vt.& n．连接；联系 A 组 同义词 artist n．↔painter n. doubt v．↔suspect vt. serious adj.↔severe adj. predict v．↔foresee vt. build v．↔construct vt. refuse v．↔reject vt. B 组 反义词 hide vt.↔expose vt. believe vt.↔suspect vt. accept v．↔reject vt. 1．背诵经典 The physician expert concluded/drew a conclusion that the victims who were exposed to deadly polluted environment were hard to cure. 规范默写 2．背诵经典 The painter put forward a scientific suggestion after careful enquiry and analysis. 规范默写 3 ． 背 诵 经 典 Apart from being absorbed and cautious ， being positive ， enthusiastic and creative also contribute to one’s success when facing challenging and severe situations. 规范默写 4．背诵经典 It’s difficult to foresee who is the suspect without investigation. 规范默写 5．背诵经典 It makes no sense to link your defeat to my blame on you. 规范默写 Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language Ⅰ.重点单词 1．construct vt.建设；修建 construction n．建设；建筑物 2．contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助 3．positive adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的 4．movement n．移动；运动；动作 movable adj.可移动的 5．spin vi.& vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱) spun(过去式) spun(过去分词) 6．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 7．cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 8．reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．apart from 除……之外；此外 2．(be) strict with...对……严格的 3．make sense 讲得通；有意义 Ⅲ.重点句式 1．“Only＋状语从句”位于句首引起的倒装句 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。 2．现在分词作伴随状语 So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it，gradually improving(improve) his theory until he felt it was complete.于是，他在 1510 年至 1514 年期间从事这项研究，逐 步修改他的理论，直到他感到完善时为止。 3．with 复合结构 He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going(go) round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕 着地球转。 Ⅰ.阅读课文，匹配各段落大意 Para.1 A．New observations didn’t agree with the old theory about the earth. Para.2 B．Copernicus’ theory is the basis of modern science about the universe. Para.3 C．Copernicus was puzzled as he found the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Para.4 D．Copernicus’ new theory that the sun was the centre could explain all the phenomena. Para.5 E．Copernicus improved his theory by collecting observations and using his mathematical knowledge. Para.1—C Para.2—A Para.3—E Para.4—D Para.5—B Ⅱ.课文阅读理解 1．What made Copernicus frightened and confused? A．The fact that the earth was the centre of the solar system. B．The conclusion that the sun was the centre of the solar system. C．The fact that the earth runs around the sun. D．The fact that God made the world. 答案 B 2．Why didn’t Copernicus publish his theory immediately？Because . A．he didn’t think it complete B．he was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Church C．his friends forbade him to do so D．no one supported his ideas 答案 B 3．When did Copernicus publish his theory? A．After his death. B．Before he told his friends about it. C．As he lay dying in 1543. D．Copernicus’ theory was never published. 答案 C 4．All the following make it strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system EXCEPT that . A．some planets in the sky seemed to stop or move backward B．some planets in the sky appeared brighter at times and less bright at others C．some planets in the sky seemed to go forward in a loop D．the sun goes around the earth 答案 D 5. What’s the Christian Church’s attitude towards Copernicus’ theory? A．The Christian Church objected to Copernicus’ theory. B．The Christian Church was in favor of Copernicus’ theory. C．The Christian Church paid much attention to the theory. D．The Christian Church thought highly of Copernicus’ theory. 答案 A 重点词汇 1.contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿 (1)contribute...to...把……捐献给……；向……投 稿 contribute to 捐赠；捐献；有益于；导致；投稿 [联想] 表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还 有： cause，lead to，result in，bring about 等。 (2)contribution n．贡献；捐助 make a contribution/contributions to 对……作出 贡献 (1)She would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute to the cause.她试图 劝说那些当地的企业领导为这个事业捐款。(2017·北京) (2)Everyone of us should make a contribution(contribute) to our society. 我们每个人都应该为我们的社会作出贡献。 [单句改错] (3)The evidence will contribute to catch catching the thief. [一词多义] 写出下列黑体词的汉语意思 (4)Many people contributed money to the poor boy ， which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to China Daily. 捐款；促使；投稿 (5)The sharp increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults.导致 2．Apart from the construction mentioned above，you have also learned the following phrases. 除了上面提到的句子结构，你也学了以下的词组。 apart from 除……之外；此外 [易混辨析] except，besides，except for，apart from ※except 表示从所提到的人或事中除去一部分，表示递减的概念。 ※besides 表示“除了……之外，还有……”，表示递增的概念。 ※except for 表示对整体主要部分的肯定和局部的否定。 ※apart from 具有多重意义，既可以表示 besides，也可以表示 except 或 except for。 [选词填空] except，besides，except for，apart from (1)All the students took part in the sports meeting except/apart from Tom. (2)We need three more chairs besides/apart from these two. (3)Apart from/Except for the ending，it’s a really good film. 3．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清 楚。 make sense 讲得通；有意义 make sense of 懂得；了解……的意义 make no sense 讲不通；没有意义 in a sense 在某种意义上；在某种程度上 in no sense 决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装) There’s no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有 意义。 (1)I couldn’t make sense of what he said. ＝What he said couldn’t make any sense to me. 我不能理解他所说的话。 (2)In a sense，I think he likes being responsible for everything. 从某种意义上说，我认为他喜欢包揽一切。 (3)Planning so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will change.那么早计划是 没有意义的——那么多事情会发生变化。 (4)There’s no sense in arguing(argue) with her—she is so stubborn! 和她争论是没有意义的——她那么固执！ [单句改错] (5)What he said at the meeting didn’t make sense of. [高级表达] (6)Never lose heart；if you keep trying，you will make it sooner or later.(改为倒装句； 祈使句＋并列句) →In no sense should you lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later. 4．His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was cautious. 他的朋友们都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于众，而哥白尼却小心谨慎。 (1)cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 be cautious about/of 对 …… 谨 慎 (2)cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎 地 (3)caution n．小心；谨慎 with caution 小心翼翼地 (1)The boss is very cautious about making promises. 这个老板对于做出承诺持谨慎态度。 (2)The girl put the old vase on the table with caution. 这个女孩小心地把这个古花瓶放在了桌子上。 (3)The woman opened the door cautiously(cautious) and walked in.这个女人小心 地打开门，走了进去。 经典句式 1．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清 楚。 (1)only if 只有……。only 后跟状语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 (2)if only 意为“要是……；但愿……”，后使用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示与 现在相反的情况(be 动词用 were)；用过去完成时表示与过去相反的情况；用 would/could/might do 表示与将来相反的情况。 (1)Only then did he realize the value of life. 只有那时候他才明白生命的价值。 (2)If only we could fly like a bird! 要是我们能像鸟一样飞翔就好了！ (3)If only I had come here earlier that day. 那天要是我早点来就好啦。 [单句改错] (4)If only I was were a famous football player! [高级表达] (5)只有当你找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。(使用“only ＋状语”位于句首的倒装句) Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others. 2．So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it，gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete. 于是，他在 1510 年至 1514 年期间从事这项研究，逐步修改他的理论，直到他感 到完善时为止。 gradually improving his theory 在句中作状语，improve 与主语 he 是主动关系，且 分词动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生。 (1)Susan pretended to be cheerful，saying (＝and said)nothing about the argument. 苏珊假装很兴奋，对争吵的事一字未提。 (2)More highways have been built in China，making(make) it much easier for people to travel.中国已建成了许多高速公路，这使得人们出行更加容易。 [高级表达] (3)Tony lent me the money and hoped that I’d do as much for him.(改为非谓语动 词作伴随状语) →Tony lent me the money，hoping that I’d do as much for him. 3．He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕 着地球转。 with 的复合结构为 with＋n./pron.＋介词短语/形容词/副词/不定式/现在分词/过去 分词，在句中作状语表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等或定语。 (1)You’d better not go to sleep with the windows open.你最好不要开着窗子睡 觉。 (2)I can’t go out with all these dishes to wash(wash)．我不能丢下这些要洗的餐具 就出去。 (3)The thief was brought in with his hands tied(tie) behind his back. 这个小偷被带了进来，双手被绑在背后。 [高级表达] (4)The old man was walking slowly and his pet dog followed him.(改为 with 复合结 构) →The old man was walking slowly with his pet dog following him. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The boss of the company is very strict with the staff，so everyone there has to be completely strict in their work. 2．She never lost her enthusiasm(enthusiastic) for teaching. 3．Cautiously(cautious)，he moved himself into an upright position. 4 ． The engineers have made great contributions(contribute) to the design of the Chang’e Ⅲ spaceship. 5．If only I had taken(take) his advice at that time! 6．Provided you didn’t try to make sense of it，it sounded beautiful. 7 ． The environmental movement(move) has been trying to preserve our natural resources. 8．With his suggestions rejected(reject)，he felt upset. 9．She grabbed Norm’s arm and spun(spin) him around to face her. 10．We didn’t see anyone all day，apart from a couple of kids on the beach. Ⅱ.完成句子 11．只有在大城市才能买到新轮椅。 Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelchair. 12．这个老人去世了，什么也没有给他的子女留下。 The old man died，leaving nothing to his children. 13．让孩子那样受苦没有道理。 There’s no sense in making a child suffer like that. 14．英语是我感兴趣的科目之一。 English is one of the subjects in which I am interested. 15．随着冬天的临近，是时候买暖和的衣服了。(with 的复合结构) With winter coming on/approaching，it’s time to buy warm clothes. Ⅲ.课文短文改错 There was time when the powerful Christian Church believed God had made the world.It was because that reason that the earth was thought to be the centre of the solar system.Copernicus had thought long and hardly about it and tried to find an answer.But，all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion what the earth was not the centre of the solar system.When he placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system，the movement of the other planets made the sense.The Christian Church rejects his theory.But her theory is now the basis on that all our ideas of the universe are built. 答案 There was ∧ a time when the powerful Christian Church believed God had made the world.It was because ∧ of that reason that the earth was thought to be the centre of the solar system.Copernicus had thought long and hardly hard about it and tried to find an answer. But However ，all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion what that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.When he placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system，the movement movements of the other planets made the sense.The Christian Church rejects rejected his theory.But her his theory is now the basis on that which all our ideas of the universe are built. Ⅳ.微写作 写作素材 (关于医学) 1．布莱克因为接触了致命的病毒而患了重病。 2．专家通过各种尝试为他治疗。 3．之后他们宣布病毒被打败了。 4．但是在完全康复之前他还需要被护理一段时间。 5．人们说这种病毒该受责备。 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用宾语从句，need doing 等。 连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇 50 词左右的英语短文) Black was severely ill because of being exposed to a deadly virus.After all the attempts to cure him，the experts announced that the virus was defeated but he needed attending before he was fully recovered.People said that the virus was to blame. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2017·宁夏大学附中高二期中) Florence Nightingale was born in a rich family.When she was young，she took lessons in music and drawing，and read great books.She also travelled a great deal with her mother and father. As a child，she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure.She enjoyed helping them. At last，her mind was made up.“I’m going to be a nurse，” she decided. “Nursing isn’t the right work for a lady，” her father told her. “Then I will make it so ， ” she smiled.And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France.When she returned to England，Florence started a nursing home for women. During the Crimean War in 1854，she went with a group of thirty－eight nurses to the front hospital.What they saw there was terrible.Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen and smelled.The officer there did not want any woman to tell him how to run a hospital，either.But the brave nurses went to work. Florence used her own money and some from friends to buy clothes，beds， medicines and food for the men.Her only pay was the smiles from the lips of dying soldiers.But they were more than enough for this kind woman. After war，she returned to England and was honoured for her service by Queen Victoria.But Florence said that her work had just begun.She raised money to build the Nightingale Home for Nurses in London.She also wrote a book on public health， which was printed in several countries. Florence Nightingale passed away at the age of ninety，still trying to serve others through her work as a nurse.Indeed，it is because of her that we honour nurses today. 语篇解读 本文介绍了护理行业的创始人——南丁格尔，她为了护理别人而奉 献了自己的一生。 1．When she was a child，Florence . A．wrote a book on public health B．knew what her duty in life was C．loved to help the sick people D．was most interested in music and drawing 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，她很喜欢照顾病人。故 C 项正确。 2 ． During the Crimean War in 1854 ， Florence served in the front hospital where . A．she earned a lot of money B．work was very difficult C．few soldiers died because of her work D．she didn’t have enough food and clothes 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第六段第二、三、四句可知，当时的工作条件很艰苦。 故 B 项正确。 3．Why was Florence honoured by Queen Victoria? A．Because she built the Nightingale Home for Nurses. B．Because of her old age. C．Because she worked as a nurse all her life. D．Because she did a great deal of work during the Crimean War. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，正是因为在战争中所做的事情 让她受到了女王的表彰。故 D 正确。 4．The passage can be best described as . A．the life story of a famous woman B．a description of the nursing work C．an example of successful education D．the history of nursing in England 答案 A 解析 主旨大意题。本文介绍了护理行业的创始人——南丁格尔，她为了护理别 人而奉献了自己的一生。故 A 正确。 B (2017·广东培正中学高二月考) I came to study in the United States a year ago.Yet I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court. After the accident，my roommate called a doctor for me.I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day.But the next day，he asked me to pay him 200 for what he had done.I was astonished.He had good reason to charge me，he said.And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury，I’d have to have a good lawyer.Now that he had helped me find a good doctor，it was only fair that I should pay him. But every day I went to see the doctor，I had to wait about 50 minutes.He would see two or three patients at the same time，and often stop treating one so as to see another.Yet he charged me 115 each time.The final examination report consisted of ten lines，and it cost me 215. My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met.But after that he avoided seeing me at all.He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident，yet he hardly did anything.He simply waited to collect his money.He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss him.And he made me pay him 770. Now I had to act as my own lawyer.Due to my inexperience，I told the insurance company the date I was leaving America.Knowing that，they played for time...and I left without getting a cent. 语篇解读 作者在本文中讲述了自己在美国经历的一些事情，说明了在美国 金钱比一切都重要。 5．The author’s roommate offered to help him because . A．he felt sorry for the author B．he thought it was a chance to make some money C．he knew the doctor was a very good one D．he wanted the author to have a good lawyer 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。从文章第二段内容可知，作者的室友帮助他，并向他索要报 酬，由此可推知室友主动帮忙是因为他觉得这是一个赚钱的机会。 6．A good lawyer is important for the author to . A. be properly treated B．talk with the person responsible for the accident C．recover before he leaves America D．eventually get the responsible party to pay for his injury 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。由第二段倒数第二句可知，如果作者想从肇事者那里得到 赔偿费，他就得找一个好律师。D 项与之相符合，故选 D。 7．Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very . A．friendly B．busy C．professional D．selfish 答案 D 解析 推理判断题。从文章第三段和第四段可知，医生和律师都是自私的人，他 们只顾多赚钱而不认真履行职责。故答案为 D 项。 8．What conclusion can you draw from the story? A．Going to court is something very common in America. B．One must be very careful while driving a car. C．There are more bad sides in America than good sides. D．Money is more important than other things in the USA. 答案 D 解析 推理判断题。从文章中作者描述的自己的经历来看，在美国金钱比一切都 重要。故本题答案为 D 项。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2017·山西大同一中高二月考) The Winner’s Guide to Success Do you know what makes people successful? To find out the answers ， an American scholar recently visited some of the most successful people around the world. 9 Be responsible for yourself. Sometimes you may want to blame others for your failure to get ahead.In fact， when you say someone or something outside of yourself is stopping you from making success，you’re giving away your own power. 10 Write a plan. It is very difficult to try to get what you want without a good plan.It is just like trying to drive through strange roads to a city far away. 11 Without this “map”，you may waste your time，money and also your energy; while with the “map” you’ll enjoy the “trip” and get what you want in the shortest possible time. Be willing to pay the price. 12 So you must be ready to work hard—even harder than you have ever done.If you are not willing to pay the price，you won’t get anything valuable. 13 It seems to us that everyone knows this.But it is easier said than done.When you are doing something，you must tell yourself again and again: Giving up is worse than failure because failure can be the mother of success，but giving up means the death of hope. A．Never give up. B．Nothing is easy to get. C．A good plan is like a map to you. D．Here are some keys to success that they give. E．Some people achieve success much later in life. F．You’re saying，“You have more control over my life than I do.” G．Someone else’s opinion of you doesn’t have to become your reality. 答案 9.D 10.F 11.C 12.B 13.A Ⅲ.短文改错 (2017·山西大学附属中学高二期中) My name is Ann.I’ve been in China in a few years.With the help of Li Hua，a good friend of mine，I’ve been used to live in China.Li Hua，like many girls，are beautiful and lively.We became friends after we meet each other a few years ago.Although her English isn’t easy to understand，but we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about our favorite books.We’re both surprised that Chinese culture or American culture are so differently.Now we are planning nice party for next Sunday.There，I will introduce Li Hua to my friends，one of who has been to China several time. 答案 My name is Ann.I’ve been in China in for a few years.With the help of Li Hua，a good friend of mine，I’ve been used to live living in China.Li Hua，like many girls，are is beautiful and lively.We became friends after we meet met each other a few years ago.Although her English isn’t easy to understand，but we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about our favorite books.We’re both surprised that Chinese culture or and American culture are so differently different .Now we are planning ∧ a nice party for next Sunday.There，I will introduce Li Hua to my friends，one of who whom has been to China several time times. Period Three Grammar—The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative 课文原句感知 1．But he became inspired(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed(expose) to cholera. 2 ． From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected(affect) person died. 3．He found that it came from the river polluted(pollute) by the dirty water from London. 4 ． Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened(frighten) and his mind was confused(confuse)． 5．He placed a fixed(fix) sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 一、过去分词作定语 1．意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的 过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。 (1)表示被动和完成 a polluted river 一条被污染的河流 the watered flowers 浇过水的花 (2)只表示完成，不表示被动 fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起的太阳 2．位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词 短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 The student dressed in white is my daughter. ＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。 注意：过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别： (1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。 The question discussed was very important. 讨论过的那个问题很重要。 The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.矗立在街道角 落的那所房子是 2016 年建的。 (2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经 完成。 the changing world 变化着的世界 the changed world 改变了的世界 boiling water 沸腾的水 boiled water 开水 developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 二、过去分词作表语 1．意义：用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。 She looked disappointed.她看上去很失望。 We were encouraged at the news. 听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。 2．过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相 同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较： The book is well written.这本书写得好。 The book was written by a soldier. 这本书是由一位士兵写的。 拓展 你知道下列各组词在作定语和表语时的区别吗？ exciting/excited ， interesting/interested ， disappointing/disappointed ， encouraging/encouraged，puzzling/puzzled，surprising/surprised，pleasing/pleased， confusing/confused，moving/moved，terrifying/terrified The news is exciting.这个消息是令人兴奋的。 Her excited voice suggested that she was excited. 她激动的声音表明她很兴奋。 When he heard the moving story，he was deeply moved.当他听到这个感人的 故事时，他深受感动。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1 ． Jim has retired ， but he still remembers the happy time spent(spend) with his students.(2017·北京) 2．...I was the first Western TV reporter permitted(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016·全国Ⅰ) 3．To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia in 2012.(2016·浙江) 4．In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work.(2016·江苏) 5 ． Do you find yourself getting impatient or annoyed(annoy) with people over unimportant things？(2016·上海) Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误) 1 ． In their spare time ， they are interesting interested in planting vegetables in their garden.(2017·全国Ⅱ，短文改错) 2．Mom was grateful and moving moved .(2016·四川，短文改错) 3．It was both excited exciting and frightening to be up there！(2016·浙江，短文改错) 4．I am awfully tiring tired ，but I know I’ll never fall asleep.(2013·浙江，短文改错) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．This is the statue of a soldier seated(seat) on a horse. 2．When I entered his room，he was buried(bury) in his books. 3．Some of the people invited(invite) to the party couldn’t come. 4．He is talking with a man called(call) Mr Wang. 5．He was discouraged(discourage) when he heard his mother’s words. Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误) 6．Prices of goods buying bought through a computer can be lower than some store prices. 7．At last，the puzzling puzzled father came to the small school. 8．Tom was very surprising surprised when he heard the news. 9．He told me the news in an exciting excited voice that day. 10．Most of us liked the film directing directed by a young director. Ⅲ.完成句子 11．据说这是一座由一个年轻工程师设计的桥。 It is said that this is a bridge designed by a young engineer. 12．你为什么看起来这么失望？ Why are you looking so disappointed? 13．那些受伤的孩子在这个医院里得到了很好的照料。 The injured children were taken good care of in this hospital. 14．我们到校时，老人正在扫地上的落叶。 When we got to school，the old man was sweeping the fallen leaves on the ground. 15．这个男孩在踢足球时，摔断了左腿。 While the boy was playing football，his left leg got broken. Ⅳ.语法填空 (2018·江西樟树中学高二月考) Last Saturday afternoon，I went to the supermarket to meet my friend Sammy.We planned to meet at 3：00 p．m.As I arrived 15 minutes 16.earlier(early) I decided to have a snack and a drink.I went to a new cafe 17.called(call) The Metro.It was a little expensive and I just got a soda.It was really 18.crowded(crowd)，but I found a table and sat down. Then a guy came over and sat opposite me.He had a cup of coffee and a sandwich.He drank 19.the coffee and ate half of the sandwich，and then he left.I was so hungry，so I ate the other half,20.which，I thought，was obviously leftover.Then a few minutes later，he came back.He was on his cell phone，so I didn’t give an 21. explanation(explain) about the sandwich.I just left 22.feeling (feel) very embarrassed. But things got even 23.worse(bad)．I met my friend Sammy later and she said her cousin Josh 24.was waiting(wait) for us in The Metro Cafe.And yes，it was the same guy.Oh，my Gosh! How I wish I could slide 25. into the ground. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2017·江西致远中学高二月考) The 92－year－old，thin，calm and proud lady，who is fully dressed each morning by eight o’clock，even though she is nearly blind，moved to a nursing home today. Her husband of seventy years recently passed away ， making the move necessary.After many hours of waiting patiently in the hall of the nursing home，she smiled sweetly when told her room was ready. As she walked slowly to the elevator，I provided a true description of her tiny room，including the old sheets that had been hung on her window.“I love it，” she said with the happiness of an eight－year－old having just been presented with a new puppy. “Mrs Jones，you haven’t seen the room...just wait.” “That doesn’t matter，” she replied.“Happiness is something you decide ahead of time.Whether I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is arranged.It’s how I arranged my mind.I have already decided to love it.It’s a decision I make every morning when I wake up.Each day is a gift，and as long as my eyes open I’ll focus on the new day and all the happy memories I’ve stored away.” She went on to explain，“Old age is like a bank account.You take what you’ve put in.So，my advice to you would be to put in a lot of happiness in the bank account of memories.Thank you for your part in filling my memory bank.”And with a smile，she said，“All my memories are happy ones.” 语篇解读 本文介绍了一位九十二岁老太太保持快乐心情的 秘诀。 1．We can infer from the passage that the author . A．is one of Mrs Jones’ children B．works in the nursing home C．is a relative of Mrs Jones D．is the owner of the nursing home 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“As she walked slowly to the elevator，I provided a true description of her tiny room...”可知，作者是 nursing home 的工作 人员。故选 B。 2．Mrs Jones was very happy when told about her room because she . A．couldn’t see what her room was like B．thought the nursing home was her home C．had already made up her mind to be happy D．would have to live in the nursing home 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Mrs Jones 的话“Happiness is something you decide ahead of time.Whether I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is arranged.It’s how I arranged my mind.”可知，Mrs Jones 谈到她的房 间时很快乐是因为她已经决定快乐了。故选 C。 3．Which of the following words can best describe Mrs Jones? A．Proud. B．Determined. C．Cheerful. D．Honest. 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。通读全文可知 Mrs Jones 认为快乐与否是自己提前决定的， 每天一醒来她就决定快乐地生活，每天都是一个礼物。由此可知她是一个快乐的 人。故选 C。 B (2017·四川新津中学高二月考) Twelve years ago，Rachel Miller was lost when it came to her son John.The 7－ year－old was seriously disabled because of his autism(自闭症)．Unable to speak， he withdrew from people at school and，worse，from his family. In March 2003 ， Miller was introduced to Jeff Hancock ， a one － on － one therapist( 治 疗 师 ) for people with autism.Hancock was hired to be John’s companion.The two would go people－watching at the mall on the weekend.Hancock chatted throughout their trips，even though John couldn’t talk back. Their relationship developed when Hancock introduced John to the Special Olympics.Whenever John was running or being active，he was smiling. When John turned 12 ， Hancock introduced him to track at the Special Olympics.For the first three years ， the pair just observed the sport by watching practices and events.Hancock worked daily with John，showing him everything， including where to sit，stand and walk，so he would understand the flow of the events. Eventually，the lessons clicked，and John was off doing 50－meter sprints.But as John got older，he got stronger and faster.At 16，he was jumping hurdles and doing 800－meter races.Miller started seeing her son as a serious athlete. In May 2014 ， John’s training brought him to the Special Olympics State Summer Games in Orlando.The 18－year－old was competing in the 800 meters and the 110－meter hurdles. As the 800 was setting up，Miller remembered，she pressed her face against the fence，anxiously waiting for John to compete.But as soon as the race started，all Miller saw was an athlete，her athlete. “I just wanted to see the best performance.It seemed much more significant than whether he would ever speak or respond to me，” she said. John ended up winning the gold medal for the 800.Sports completely changed John，and Miller said that is because of Hancock.“A person with a disability can feel hopeless and isolated，and I think that can happen to parents，too.” 语篇解读 本文讲述了一个患有自闭症的孩子如何成长为一个合格运动员 的故事。 4．The first paragraph mainly tells us . A．how Rachel Miller felt 12 years ago B．how serious John’s autism was C．John wasn’t good at communication D．when John became seriously disabled 答案 B 解析 段落大意题。通读第一段可知，本段主要讲 Rachel Miller 很为儿子忧心， 因为他患有自闭症，而且很严重。故选 B。 5．Miller considered John to be a serious athlete . A．in 2011 B．in 2012 C．in 2013 D．in 2014 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“At 16，he was jumping hurdles and doing 800－meter races.Miller started seeing her son as a serious athlete.”可知，在 十六岁时，米勒把约翰看作是一个认真的运动员；由第六段可知，2014 年时约 翰十八岁，由此可推知他十六岁时应是 2012 年。故选 B。 6．When Miller saw John’s performance in the 800，she felt . A．curious B．amazed C．delighted D．upset 答案 C 解 析 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 提 到 “I just wanted to see the best performance.It seemed much more significant than whether he would ever speak or respond to me...”可知，约翰的表现非常好，朱勒当然感到高兴。故选 C 项。 7．The passage is mainly carried out . A．by giving examples B．in a sad tone C．in space order D．in time order 答案 D 解析 推理判断题。根据文章提到的时间 Twelve years ago，In March 2003，When John turned 12，At 16，In May 2014 可知，文章是按照时间顺序来讲述的。故选 D 项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2017·辽宁葫芦岛市一中高二期中) Years ago when I volunteered at a homeless shelter ， I talked with a boy ， Albert.He said he liked my 8 .“Do you want to see mine？” he said， 9 his leg.He was barefoot.He said he’d been meaning to pick up a pair but hadn’t gotten one.I felt a 10 feeling in my stomach. A few days later I was at home helping to 11 my daughter.I smiled when I 12 the socks over her feet.At that moment，Albert flashed in my 13 . At noon ， I went to a department store and 14 a shopping cart with socks—nothing 15 ，just white cotton men’s socks. The next morning，I drove to the Palisades Park，which is a common overnight destination for 16 individuals，I grabbed one of the 17 from my trunk and walked across the grass.It was dark out.It was a beautiful feeling to 18 before the sun and most living things. I headed for a group of three men.Two were asleep and the third was digging through his shopping cart.It was loaded with plastic bottles and some clothes，and a few books—most 19 ，everything he owned in this world.As I walked toward him，he turned and 20 me，perhaps questioning my intention. “I thought you might 21 some new socks，” I told him，handing him a pair.He looked 22 at first but took them，smiled and said，“Thank you.” I gave two more 23 for his partners. I 24 .After 20 minutes，I returned for the second bag.An hour later，I 25 all the socks.Most people were sleeping，and I felt like a(n) 26 Santa Claus.I knew when they woke up they would find a very meaningful 27 .That gave me an amazing feeling. 语篇解读 作者在一次收容所的志愿活动中，听到一个男孩说自己想要双袜子却 不可得。后来作者去当地的公园给流浪汉分发袜子，并体会到助人的愉悦。 8．A.books B．bags C．socks D．trousers 答案 C 解析 根据下文的“‘Do you want to see mine？’ he said， his leg.He was barefoot.”可知，孩子喜欢作者的袜子。故选 C。 9．A.lifting B．hiding C．folding D．bending 答案 A 解析 孩子让我看他的脚，可以推知，此处意为：抬起腿。lift 抬起。故选 A。 10．A.genuine B．strong C．curious D．sinking 答案 D 解析 看到孩子光着脚并说一直想要一双袜子，作者的内心是沮丧的。sinking 沮丧的。故选 D。 11．A.feed B．dress C．teach D．comfort 答案 B 解析 根据下文的“I smiled when I the socks over her feet.”可知，作者 在帮女儿穿衣服。dress 给……穿衣服。 12．A.threw B．touched C．wrapped D．slid 答案 D 解析 当我把袜子穿在女儿脚上时，我想到了那个光脚的男孩。slide(使)滑动， 悄声地移动。故选 D。 13．A.position B．view C．mind D．room 答案 C 解析 我想起了那个男孩。mind 心里，脑海。故选 C。 14．A.filled B．equipped C．decorated D．exchanged 答案 A 解析 我去超市买袜子，放满了手推车。fill 充满。故选 A。 15．A.ugly B．cheap C．difficult D．fancy 答案 D 解析 根据下文的“just white cotton men’s socks”可知，我买的袜子只是普通 的白色男士棉袜，没有任何华丽的装饰。fancy 华丽的。故选 D。 16．A.wealthy B．homeless C．lazy D．proud 答案 B 解析 根据下文的描述可知，我前往一个给无家可归的人们居住的地方。 homeless 无家可归的。故选 B。 17．A.parcels B．containers C．bags D．boxes 答案 C 解析 根据下文的“After 20 minutes，I returned for the second bag.”可知，此处 选 C。 18．A.get up B．leave behind C．get back D．turn down 答案 A 解析 此处的意思为“起得早的感觉非常好”。get up 起床。故选 A。 19．A.unbelievably B．strangely C．importantly D．likely 答案 D 解析 车里的书和衣服等可能就是这个流浪者在这个世界上所拥有的一切。 likely 很可能，或许。故选 D。 20．A.attacked B．watched C．found D．asked 答案 B 解析 当我走到他身边时，他转过来看着我。watch 注视。故选 B。 21．A.choose B．purchase C．need D．donate 答案 C 解析 我想你或许需要一些新袜子。根据上文可知答案。need 需要。 22．A.confused B．ashamed C．shocked D．happy 答案 A 解析 根据常识可知，突然有陌生人提供袜子，他刚开始应该是疑惑的。confused 疑惑的。故选 A。 23．A.socks B．packages C．dollars D．pairs 答案 D 解析 此处应是我又拿出了两双袜子给他的同伴。pair 一双。所以选 D。 24．A.talked B．moved C．played D．held 答案 B 解析 根据下文可知，此处指作者离开他们，继续给其他人分发袜子。move 移 动。 25．A.sold out B．put away C．gave out D．turned away 答案 C 解析 我的袜子分发完了。give out 分发。故选 C。 26．A.real B．honest C．grateful D．reliable 答案 A 解析 我感觉自己像一个真正的圣诞老人。real 真正的。故选 A。 27．A.book B．change C．life D．present 答案 D 解析 我知道当他们醒来的时候会发现这份有意义的礼物。present 礼物。故选 D。 Period Four Writing—Persuasive writing：letter 本单元的写作项目是“劝说信”。劝说信要求就有关问题进行分析并针对这 些问题劝说某人采纳自己的建议或看法。可以通过以下三个部分来进行写作： 第一部分：引入话题。说明写信的主要目的。 第二部分：阐述理由。说明给某人提出建议的理由。 第三部分：总结全文。重申自己的核心观点，提出希望。 1．引入： (1)I am writing to... (2)I hope that... (3)That is to say... (4)As far as I am concerned... (5)In my opinion... (6)Personally... 2．阐述： (1)Here are my reasons.First of all，I think it would be better if... (2)Second，...Third，... (3)Moreover... (4)What’s more... (5)However... (6)Instead... (7)Here I’d like to give my advice on... (8)I would like to suggest that... (9)If I were you，I would... 3．总结： (1)In short... (2)All things considered... (3)To sum up... (4)In brief... (5)Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision. 假如你是李华，请你给在外地读书，正在生病的朋友王鹏写一封说服性信函， 说明锻炼的重要性和好处，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。 注意： 1．词数 100 左右； 2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 写作要求是给正在生病的朋友写一封信，劝他积极锻炼身体。写作时应注意 下面几点： 1．确定文体：这是一篇应用文，是学生熟悉的书信，写作中应注意书信的 常规格式。 2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 3．主体人称：由于是劝说别人积极锻炼身体，所以人称应该以第二人称为 主。 联想词汇 1．全神贯注于……be absorbed in 2．对……有害 be harmful to/do harm to 3．对……有益处 be beneficial to/do sb.good 4．导致，有助于 contribute to/result in/lead to 5．不时地 from time to time 6．总之 in a word 7．提出 put forward 8．从今以后 from now on 句式升级 1．你全身心投入学习，所以没有时间锻炼。 You have had no time for exercise because you have been so absorbed in study.(because) You have been so absorbed in study that you have had no time for exercise.(so...that...) 2．但是它确实对你的健康有害。 But it is really harmful to your health.(harmful) But it really does harm to your health. (harm) 3．你有了健康的身体，才能一直学习而不生病。 You can keep on studying without feeling bad or ill unless you have a strong body.(unless) Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or ill.(倒装句) Dear Wang Peng， I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.You have been so absorbed in study that you have had no time for exercise.But it is really harmful to your health.I feel it would be more beneficial to your health if you could take more exercise in future. In fact，exercise can contribute to your health and fresh your mind.Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or ill.Otherwise，your study will be interrupted from time to time by sickness. In a word，exercise is as useful and important as your study.So I put forward a suggestion that you take at least one hour’s exercise every day from now on. Best wishes. Yours， Li Hua Ⅰ.阅读理解 One spring，when I was 10，during one of my father’s layoffs(失业)，I could tell my mother was unhappy.I decided to cheer her up by buying her a special Mother’s Day gift. One day after school I rode my bike to the Agins，which，I learned years later， was known for its high－end fashions and styles.I introduced myself to Sylvia Agins， telling her I was looking for a Mother’s Day present. “Do you think she’d like a purse？” she asked.“I thought she might，”I told her. She took out an Italian handbag made of leather.She asked me what I thought， and I told her that my mom would like it. “How much money do you have？” she asked. “Twelve dollars，” I said. “You’re in luck，” she told me.“It’s only 11.You have a dollar left over for the card.” She gift－wrapped the purse and thanked me for my business，and I rode off home with the package under my arm. When my mother opened the gift the next Sunday morning， she asked in an accusing tone，“Where did you get this？” “I bought it at the Agins.It cost me 11，”I said. My mother was shocked into silence. It wasn’t until many years later ， when I learned that the purse was worth several hundred dollars，that I appreciated just how wonderful Sylvia Agins had been to me.I always felt bad that I never had a chance to properly thank her. “You know，my son，what really amazes me to this day，” my mother said， “Letting you have the purse for just a few dollars was unbelievable enough.But the fact that she let you leave the store with a dollar for the card was a touch of kindness that I’ll never forget.” 语篇解读 因为想逗因父亲失业而心情低落的母亲开心，作者决定送母亲一个特 别的母亲节礼物。了解情况后的店主 Syliva Agins 将价值几百美元的钱包以 11 美 元的价格出售给了作者。这一暖心举动让作者和他的母亲感动不已。 1．The author bought his mother a purse to . A．make his mother happy B．surprise his mother C．show his ability of making money D．thank his mother for buying him a bike 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...my mother was unhappy.I decided to cheer her up by buying her a special Mother’s Day gift.”可知，作者想送给妈妈一个特 别的母亲节礼物让她开心，故选 A。 2．Why was the author’s mother shocked into silence? A．She wasn’t expecting a gift from her son. B．The purse was bought from the Agins. C．The author bought a card to go with the purse. D．The Agins charged so little money for the purse. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据“‘I bought it at the Agins.It cost me 11，’I said.My mother was shocked into silence.”可知，妈妈被钱包如此低的价格吓到了，故选D。 3．Sylvia Agins’ behavior shows that . A．she is good at making money B．she is kind and thoughtful C．she knows how to choose presents D．she is critical and mean 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“when I learned that the purse was worth several hundred dollars，that I appreciated just how wonderful Sylvia Agins had been to me”及最后一段最后一句可知，Sylvia Agins 把价值几百美元的钱包便宜卖给 了作者，而且还给作者留下买卡片的钱，说明她很善良，很体贴，故选 B。 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．An Unforgettable Event B．A Priceless Mother’s Day Gift C．A Considerate Mother D．A Kind－hearted Shop Owner 答案 B 解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“I decided to cheer her up by buying her a special Mother’s Day gift.”和倒数第二段中的“when I learned that the purse was worth several hundred dollars，that I appreciated just how wonderful Sylvia Agins had been to me”及最后一段可知，文章主要讲的是作者想给妈妈买母亲节礼物，店 主 Sylvia Agins 以特价便宜卖给作者一个钱包，这个钱包包含着她的善意，因此 是无价的，故选 B。 Ⅱ.七选五 When choosing Chinese universities，it is necessary for students to take both university conditions and self － qualifications into consideration. 5 The following factors should be considered carefully before making decisions. Students’ graduation result Students’ graduation result provided during the application is the key reference for the university to decide whether to admit or not.The stronger comprehensive strength and better reputation the university has ， the stricter requirement for students’ graduation result will be. 6 Economy conditions The cost of the study in China is relatively cheap，while daily expenses are not exactly the same in different areas.In Beijing ， Shanghai ， Guangzhou and other developed coastal cities ， the daily expense can be relatively higher than that of inland.These cities’ living conditions are relatively better and entertainment and recreational facilities are richer.Therefore，when choosing universities，your economy factor needs to be taken into account. 7 China is a large country and the northern and southern China has many differences in climate and diet custom. 8 Students need to consider whether the climate，traffic，diet，and culture of the city that university lies in are as expected before applying，so as to choose suitable universities. Professional or comprehensive strength In China，universities can be divided into comprehensive and professional two kinds.Which is more important，professional strength or comprehensive strength? 9 If you want to make achievements in professional field，we suggest that you consider professional kind of university.If you want to get diploma of a university which is comprehensive strength strong and well － known ， the comprehensive kind of university may be better to meet your demand. A．Location preference B．Each city has its own characteristics. C．There is no absolute answer actually. D．Students sometimes get stuck when choosing majors. E．Everyone hopes to choose suitable Chinese university reasonably. F．You should make a reasonable assessment about self－qualifications. G．So apply for a suitable university according to your graduation result. 答案 5.E 6.G 7.A 8.B 9.C Ⅲ.语法填空 You are twenty－one years old and live a happy and 10.peaceful(peace) life.But one day，your doctor tells you that you have a serious disease and will die soon.What would you do？11.Probably(probable) most of us might feel very sad and give up our dreams and hopes for the future.Here is 12.what the great scientist ， Stephen Hawking，did. Hawking wasn’t 13.discouraged(discourage) because of his physical condition.Instead，he went on with his study of the universe.In 2002，Hawking 14.was invited(invite) to China.He told Chinese students about his theories and thoughts 15.on some of the greatest questions：what is time，how the universe began，and what are black holes.He impressed the audience with his humor,16.confidence(confident) and of course his wisdom. Hawking became famous in the early 1970s.In 1988，he wrote A Brief History of Time，in 17.which he explained difficult theories in a simple way.The book 18.has been selling(sell) well since it came out. Stephen Hawking is a man with a strong will and he is regarded as the 19.greatest(great) mind in physics since Albert Einstein. Ⅳ.短文改错 There are a lot public holidays for Chinese people，such as National Day，May Day ，and Children’s Day.But I think we should have other holiday—Farmers’ Day.Firstly，China is a agricultural country.Farmers really play a very importantly role in China.They provide food for us，without which we cannot to live.Secondly，farmers offered a lot to the development of industry.Lastly of all，most farmers work hard， with little time to enjoy themselves.Some people look down upon farmers so they think farmers do not have many knowledge.I suggest that there should be a Farmers’ Day to show respect for these 900 millions farmers in China. 答案 There are a lot ∧ of public holidays for Chinese people，such as National Day， May Day ， and Children’s Day.But I think we should have other another holiday—Farmers’ Day.Firstly ， China is a an agricultural country.Farmers really play a very importantly important role in China.They provide food for us，without which we cannot to live.Secondly，farmersoffered offer a lot to the development of industry.Lastly Last of all，most farmers work hard，with little time to enjoy themselves.Some people look down upon farmers so because they think farmers do not have many much knowledge.I suggest that there should be a Farmers’ Day to show respect for these 900 millions million farmers in China. Ⅴ.书面表达 假定你是李华，你的美国网友 Tom 因身材瘦小经常受到同学们的欺凌 (bully)，这令他感到非常苦恼。请你用英语给他写封邮件，主要内容包括： 1．表示安慰； 2．进行劝解； 3．给出建议。 注意： 1．词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom， I’m worried about your being bullied by your classmates. Yours， Li Hua 参考范文 Dear Tom， I’m worried about your being bullied by your classmates.I believe everything will be better for you.I also hope you could be optimistic about your life and become the boy who is confident and happy.After all，it isn’t your fault.You don’t need to feel nervous because of others’ behavior.I think it’s time for you to make a change.There are some suggestions I want to share with you. Firstly ，you can make yourself stronger with knowledge.As a saying goes ， “Knowledge is power.” Secondly ， you should talk to your teacher to ask for help.Last but not least，you’d better take part in some events you feel interested in to open your mind and get more chances to get along with your classmates.I hope my advice can help you. Best wishes. Yours， Li Hua