2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案（39页） 39页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes单元学案 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．earthquake n．　　　　　　 地震 ‎2．quake n. 震动；地震 ‎3．well n. 井 ‎4．crack n. 裂缝；噼啪声 vt.&vi. (使)开裂；破裂 ‎5．smelly adj. 发臭的；有臭味的 ‎6．farmyard n. 农场；农家　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎7．pipe n．　 　 　 　　　　　 管；导管 ‎8．million n. 百万 ‎9．canal n. 运河；水道 ‎10．steam n. 蒸汽；水汽 ‎11．dirt n. 污垢；泥土 ‎12．extreme adj. 极度的 ‎13．survivor n. 幸存者；生还者；残存物 ‎14．brick n. 砖；砖块 ‎15．dam n. 水坝；堰堤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎16．track n．　　　　　　　　 轨道；足迹；痕迹 ‎17．mine n. 矿；矿山；矿井 ‎18．miner n. 矿工 ‎19．shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 ‎20．reporter n. 记者 ‎21．bar n. 条；棒；条状物 ‎22．outline n. 要点；大纲；轮廓 ‎23．headline n. 报刊的大字标题 ‎24．cyclist n. 骑自行车的人　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎1．burst vi.　　　　　　　　 爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发 ‎2．event n. 事件；大事 ‎3．nation n. 民族；国家；国民 ‎4．ruin n. 废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎5.suffering n．　　　　　　　 苦难；痛苦 ‎6．injure vt. 损害；伤害　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎7．destroy vt.　　　　　　　 破坏；毁坏；消灭 ‎8．useless adj. 无用的；无效的；无益的 ‎9．shock vt.&vi. (使)震惊；震动 n. 休克；打击；震惊 ‎10．rescue n．&vt. 援救；营救 ‎11．trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境 ‎12．electricity n. 电；电流；电学 ‎13．disaster n. 灾难；灾祸　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎ [第六屏听写]‎ ‎14．bury vt.　　 　 　　　　 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 ‎15．title n. 标题；头衔；资格 ‎16．damage n．&vt. 损失；损害 ‎17．frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬 ‎18．frightened adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的 ‎19．frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 ‎20．congratulation n. 祝贺；(复数)贺词 ‎21．judge n. 裁判员；法官 vt. 断定；判断；判决　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎ [第七屏听写]‎ ‎22．sincerely adv.　　　　　 真诚地；真挚地 ‎23．express vt. 表示；表达 n. 快车；速递 ‎24．right_away 立刻；马上 ‎25．as_if 仿佛；好像 ‎26．at_an_end 结束；终结 ‎27．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 ‎28．dig_out 掘出；发现 ‎29．a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅 读 单 词 ‎1.earthquake n．　　地震 ‎2．million n. 百万 ‎3．canal n. 运河；水道 ‎4．steam n. 蒸汽；水汽 ‎5．extreme adj. 极度的 ‎6.track n．　 轨道；足迹；痕迹 ‎7．mine n. 矿；矿山；矿井 ‎8．shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 ‎9．reporter n. 记者 ‎10．outline n. 要点；大纲；轮廓 ‎11.headline n．　报刊的大字标题 ‎12．cyclist n. 骑自行车的人 ‎13．farmyard n. 农场；农家 ‎14．brick n. 砖；砖块 ‎15．dam n. 水坝；堰堤 表 达 单 词 ‎1.burst vi. (burst, burst)　爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发 ‎2．event n. 事件；大事 ‎3．ruin n. 废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产 ‎4．destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭 ‎5．useless adj. 无用的；无效的；无益的 ‎6．rescue n．&vt. 援救；营 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (破坏)．‎ ‎2．With so many people buried (掩埋) under the mine, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.‎ 救 ‎7．trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境 ‎8．bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 ‎9．damage n．&vt. 损失；损害 ‎10．judge n. 裁判员；法官 vt. 断定；判断；判决 ‎11．disaster n. 灾难； 灾祸 ‎12．title n. 标题；头衔；资格 ‎3．A water pipe burst (爆裂) and the entire apartment was flooded.‎ ‎4．Too much drinking will do damage (损害) to your health; you should take the doctor's advice.‎ ‎5．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours, the police sent out a rescue (营救) team to look for them.‎ ‎6．This is one of the worst natural disasters (灾难) ever to hit the area.‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.nation n．民族；国家；国民→national adj.民族的；国家的；国民的 ‎2．shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的 ‎3．suffering n．苦难；痛苦→suffer v．遭受；忍受；经历 ‎4．injure vt.损害；伤害→‎ ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．We were shocked at the shocking news that he died yesterday.(shock)‎ ‎2．I am lacking in words and expressions to express how grateful I feel and I will give my head teacher the present as an expression of gratitude.(express)‎ injury n．伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的 ‎5．express vt.表示；表达 n．快车；速递→expression n．表达；表情 ‎6．frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的 ‎7．congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词→congratulate vt.祝贺 ‎8．sincerely adv.真诚地；真挚地→sincere adj.真诚的；真挚的 ‎3．After seeing the frightening film, the_frightened boy was too frightened to walk home alone in the dark.(frighten)‎ ‎4．Rescuers said the injured were taken to a hospital nearby, but fortunately the injury was not serious, not life threatening.(injure)‎ ‎5．The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.right_away　　　　　　立刻；马上 ‎2．think_little_of 以为……没什么 ‎1.I was_trapped_in the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.‎ ‎2．When I came in, he ‎ ‎3．at_an_end_ 结束；终结 ‎4．in_ruins_ 严重受损；破败不堪 ‎5．dig_out_ 掘出；发现 ‎6．a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的 ‎7．be_proud_of 以……而自豪 ‎8．be_trapped_in 陷入 ‎9．be_buried_in 埋头于 was_buried_in playing computer games in his study.‎ ‎3．Please wait for a moment. I'll find the address for you right_away.‎ ‎4．The strong earthquake left the city in_ruins_merely in several seconds.‎ ‎5．The exhibition was so interesting that a_number_of people came to visit it.‎ ‎6. My holiday is at_an_end and I must go back to work tomorrow.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.It seemed as if the world was at an end!‎ 仿佛到了世界末日！‎ as if 后常接表语从句或方式状语从句，若表示非真实情况常用虚拟语气。‎ 保罗从后窗往外看，看见狼站在麦克的自行车上，仿佛那是一个猎物。(2017·浙江高考写作)‎ Paul looked out of the back window and saw the wolf standing over Mac's bicycle as_if_it_were_a kill.‎ ‎2.Thousands of families were killed and many leave＋宾语＋宾补“使……‎ 她跑开了，留下她的母亲一个人在雨中。‎ She ran away and ‎ ‎ children were left without parents. ‎ 成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。‎ 处于某种状态”。‎ left_her_mother_in_the_rain alone.‎ ‎3.All hope was not lost. ‎ 不是所有的希望都破灭了。‎ 部分否定。all ... not ...＝not all ...意为“并非所有的……都……”。‎ 最近的一项调查表明，在我们学校并非所有的学生都在业余时间进行体育锻炼。‎ ‎ A recent survey shows that not_all_the_students_in_our_school_take_physical_exercise in their spare time.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.be_expected_to 　被期望 ‎2．be_free 免费 ‎3．be_good_at 擅长……‎ ‎4．be good for 对……有益 ‎ ‎5．be good to 对……友好 ‎6．be good with 与……相处得好 ‎1.clothes n．　　　　衣服(集合名词)‎ ‎2．clothing n. 衣服(不可数)‎ ‎3．cloth n. 布料(不可数)‎ ‎4．how much money 多少钱 ‎5．how old 多大 ‎6．what size 多大号 ‎1.“没有”的表达法 no book＝not a book no books＝not any books no water＝not any water ‎2．about five kilometers away ‎ from school离学校大约5公里远 ‎3．far away from school离学校很远 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．burst vi.(burst, burst)爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发 ‎[教材原句]　In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.‎ 在市内，一些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。‎ ‎ (1)burst in/into　　　　　　 闯入；突然破门而入 突然大哭起来/大笑起来 ‎(3)burst with anger 勃然大怒 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He burst in without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.‎ ‎②He burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.‎ 一句多译 看到她的同学因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然大哭起来。‎ ‎③Seeing her classmates burst_out_laughing because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_out_crying. (burst out doing)‎ ‎④Seeing her classmates burst_into_laughter because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_into_tears. (burst into＋n.)‎ ‎[名师指津]　短语burst in中的in是副词，后不接宾语；而burst into中的into是介词，后接宾语。‎ ‎2．ruin n．[U]毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；[常用复数]废墟；遗迹vt.毁灭；使破产 ‎[教材原句]　In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.‎ 在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。‎ ‎(1)lie/be in ruins　　　 成为废墟 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 ‎(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin one's health/fame/future ‎ 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In order to benefit from online shopping instead of being_ruined (ruin) by it, I suggest that each online shopper learn selfcontrol and make every minute and every penny count.‎ ‎②Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being_reduced (reduce) to ruins, the city took on a new look.‎ 补全句子 ‎③No matter how famous a brand is, it_can_be_in_ruins once it betrays the trust of consumers.‎ 无论一个牌子多有名气，一旦辜负了消费者的信任它就有可能会毁灭。‎ ‎3．injure vt.损害；伤害 ‎[教材原句]　Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.‎ 他们中有三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。‎ ‎(1)injured adj.　　　　　　　　　　　 受伤的 the injured 伤员 ‎(2)injury n. 损害；伤害 do sb.an injury＝do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn't been wearing one, I would_have_been_injured (injure)．(2016·天津高考单选)‎ ‎②Dogs' owners should be responsible if their pets do an injury (injure) to other people or cause damage to their property.‎ ‎③A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed the injured (injure) to the hospital.‎ ‎4．bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏 ‎[教材原句]　The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.‎ 解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。‎ ‎(1)be buried in＝bury oneself in　　 埋头于；专心于 ‎(2)bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Buried (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the others had left.‎ ‎②Burying (bury) his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping.‎ 一句多译 专心于看报，他没注意到他的爸爸。‎ ‎③Buried_in_reading_his_newspaper,_he didn't take notice of his dad. (bury)‎ ‎④Absorbed_in_his_newspaper,_he didn't take notice of his dad. (absorb)‎ ‎⑤Concentrating_on_reading_his_newspaper,_he didn't take notice of his dad. (concentrate)‎ ‎⑥Devoted_to_his_newspaper,_he didn't take notice of his dad. (devote)‎ ‎5．judge n．裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决 ‎ ‎[高考佳句]　I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15.(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)‎ 我写信邀请你担任6月15号在我们学校举行的英语演讲比赛的裁判。‎ ‎(1)judge ...from/by ...　 从……来判断 as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 ‎(2)judging by/from 从……上看；根据……判断 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①As the old saying goes, “You can't judge a book by its cover.”‎ ‎②Judging (judge) from the number of cars, he thought there were not many people in the club yet.‎ 补全句子 ‎③As_far_as_I_can_judge/As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it's dangerous to give a drunk man a lift at night.‎ ‎ 依我看来，在晚上搭载一个醉酒的人是危险的。‎ ‎[名师指津]　judging from/by用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Please turn off the lights when you leave the room. It wastes electricity (电)．‎ ‎2．He was rescued (营救) from the sinking ship by a passing boat.‎ ‎3．Her parents and sisters were killed in the terrible disaster (灾难)．‎ ‎4．The PLA soldiers built many shelters (避难所) for those who lost their homes in the earthquake.‎ ‎5．The driver and some passengers were injured (受伤) in the accident.‎ ‎6．On hearing the joke, all of us burst (爆发) out laughing.‎ ‎7．I guess they are still being trapped (使陷入困境) in the traffic — it is rush hour now.‎ ‎8．Judging (判断) from his accent, he must be from Scotland.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．On arriving there, we expressed our congratulations ‎ (congratulate) to him on his success.‎ ‎2．His house was_destroyed (destroy) in the earthquake last year and he had to build a new one.‎ ‎3．He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried (bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.‎ ‎4．He went through a lot of sufferings (suffer) before new China was founded.‎ ‎5．Don't forget to praise them sincerely (sincere) when someone does something good.‎ ‎6．A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins (ruin). ‎ ‎7．What the newspaper reported did a great injury to her fame.‎ ‎8．A large number of soldiers were sent there to_rescue (rescue) those trapped in the buildings.‎ ‎9．When she heard about the news that her father had died, she burst out crying (cry)．‎ ‎10．When people use words and expressions (express) different from the “standard language”， it is called a dialect.‎ Ⅲ.一句多译 ‎1．由于他埋头于读书，所以不知道外面下雨了。‎ ‎①Because he_buried_himself_in/was_buried_in his books, he didn't know it was raining outside. ‎ ‎②Burying_himself_in_his_books,_he didn't know it was ‎ raining outside.(使用现在分词作状语)‎ ‎③Buried_in_his_books,_he didn't know it was raining outside.(使用过去分词作状语)‎ ‎2．听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。‎ ‎①When_they_heard_this,_the whole class burst_into_laughter and my deskmate's face turned red. (时间状语从句，burst into)‎ ‎②Hearing_this,_the whole class burst_out_laughing and my deskmate's face turned red.(分词作状语，burst out)‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．at an end结束；终结 ‎[经典例句]　When the journey was at an end, everybody felt tired and hungry.‎ 当旅程结束时，大家觉得又累又饿。‎ ‎(1)at the end of　　　 在……尽头；在……末端 by the end of 到……结束时；到……时候为止 ‎ (常与完成时态连用)‎ in the end 最后；终于 使……结束 come to an end 完成；结束 ‎[多角练透]‎ 同义句改写 The meeting was at an end and he set down many key points.‎ ‎①The_meeting_came_to_an_end_and_he_set_down_many_key_points.‎ ‎ (come)‎ ‎②We_brought_the_meeting_to_an_end_and_he_set_down_many_key_points. (bring)‎ ‎③We_put_an_end_to_the_meeting_and_he_set_down_many_key_points./We_put_the_meeting_to_an_end_and_he_set_down_many_key_points. (put)‎ 补全句子 ‎④You should add your name at_the_end_of_the_report.‎ 你应该在报告的结尾处加上你的名字。‎ ‎2．a (great) number of许多；大量的 ‎[教材原句]　Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.‎ 造成如此多的人员死亡是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉。‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①A large number of books have_been_stolen (steal) from the library so far.‎ ‎②The number of books stolen from the library is_ (be) large.‎ ‎③With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of ‎ soil are_being_washed (wash) away now.‎ 单句写作 ‎④一位普通的工人向一所大学捐赠了大量的金钱，这引起了公众的关注。(2014·广东高考写作)‎ A great deal of money was_donated_to_a_university_by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.‎ ‎[名师指津]　“large quantities/amounts of＋n.”作主语时谓语动词用复数，而“a large quantity/amount of＋n.”作主语时谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎3．as if引导方式状语从句和表语从句 It seemed as_if the world was at an end!‎ 仿佛到了世界末日！‎ as if (＝as though)“仿佛；好像”，在句中引导表语从句，也可引导方式状语从句。‎ ‎(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。‎ ‎(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。‎ ‎(3)如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。‎ ‎①Hurry up! It looks as if the train is_going_to_move. (陈述语气)‎ 快点！看起来火车要开了。‎ ‎②A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing ‎ loudly as if they were (be) the only people in the world.‎ 一对年轻夫妇坐在船上吃着东西，说着话，大笑着，好像他们是这世界上仅有的人。‎ ‎③Tom raised his right hand as if_to_say (say) something.‎ 汤姆举起右手好像要说什么。‎ ‎4．部分否定 All hope was not lost.‎ 不是所有的希望都破灭了。‎ 该句是表示部分否定的句型。all ... not ...＝not all ...，意为“并非所有的……都……”。‎ ‎①All_students_don't_obey/Not_all_students_obey the school rules, so as a teacher, I should be strict with them. ‎ 并非所有的学生都遵守学校规章制度，因此作为一名老师，我应严格要求他们。‎ ‎(1) 英语中的all, both, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。‎ ‎(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way 等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。‎ ‎②Our English teacher is excellent, but she can't_help_everyone in the class in 50 minutes. ‎ 我们的英语老师非常棒，但是她不可能在50分钟内帮助班里的每一位同学。‎ ‎③None_of_us was allowed to go there.‎ 我们全都不被允许去那里。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．She walked here and there on the playground as if looking (look) for something.‎ ‎2．As China develops fast, a number of foreigners are_learning (learn) Chinese as a second language.‎ ‎3．Do you know the girl whose English is excellent?‎ ‎4．I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.‎ ‎5．We had intended to take a twoday trip, but we were too busy to_afford (afford) it.‎ ‎6．Do you think it_ possible for so many people to sit in such a small room?‎ Ⅱ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子 ‎1．正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。(too ... to ...)‎ Just as an old saying goes: it is never too_late_to_learn.‎ ‎2．有噪音，似乎是从楼下传过来的。(as if)‎ It is noisy. _It_seems_as_if the noise comes from downstairs.‎ ‎3．我正在街上走着，突然听到有人叫我的名字。(be doing ... when ...)‎ I was_walking_along_the_street_when I heard my name called. ‎ ‎4．他的房子着火了，因为他让厨房炉灶烧着就出去了。(leave复合结构)‎ His house caught fire, because he went out but left_the_stove_burning in the kitchen.‎ ‎5．我同意你所说的大部分内容，但是我并不是同意全部内容。(部分否定)‎ I agree with most of what you said, but I _don't_agree_with_everything.‎ Ⅲ.句型转换 ‎1．Every boy is not interested in sports. (变为同义句)‎ ‎→Not_every_boy_ is interested in sports.‎ ‎2．Not all of them were allowed to go there. (变为全部否定)‎ ‎→None_of_them were allowed to go there.‎ ‎3．The old man was lying on the ground as if he was hurt badly.(状语从句的省略)‎ ‎→The old man was lying on the ground as if_hurt_badly.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法——定语从句(Ⅰ)‎ Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词填空 ‎1．My father bought a new bike for me whose price added up to more than 1,000 yuan.‎ ‎2．She said she would do anything that could help her mother recover from the disease.‎ ‎3．Anyone who has helped to save the drowning girl is worth ‎ praising.‎ ‎4．The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.‎ ‎5．The earthquake that/which hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.‎ ‎6．We don't know the number of people who/that lost their homes in the disaster.‎ ‎7．Hany is the boy whose mother is our maths teacher.‎ ‎8．Do you still remember the chicken farm that/which we visited three months ago?‎ ‎9．All that we need is enough rest after long hours' work.‎ ‎10．Have you read the book which/that was written by Anne Frank?‎ Ⅱ.用定语从句合并下面的句子 ‎1．Do you know the man? The man spoke to the headmaster just now.‎ ‎→Do_you_know_the_man_who/that_spoke_to_the_headmaster_just_now?‎ ‎2．I have seen the film. They're talking about the film.‎ ‎→I_have_seen_the_film_that/which_they're_talking_about.‎ ‎3．The girl is from America. Her father is a Chinese.‎ ‎→The_girl_whose_father_is_a_Chinese_is_from_America.‎ ‎4．My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 100 years old.‎ ‎→My_grandparents_live_in_a_house_which/that_is_more_than_100_years_old.‎ ‎5．The girl is from America.I called her just now.‎ ‎→The_girl_whom/who/that_I_called_just_now_is_from_America.‎ ‎6．This is the house.Lu Xun once lived in the house.‎ ‎→This_is_the_house_which/that_Lu_Xun_once_lived_in.‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作——应用文写作 ‎[题目要求]‎ 假定你是Jim，上周你和家人一同到北京旅游，在此期间，住宿在BEIJING GRAND HOTEL，该宾馆的设施与服务令你们非常满意。请根据以下要点用英语给旅馆写一封感谢信。‎ ‎1．表示谢意；‎ ‎2．解释原因；‎ ‎3．表达下次再来的意愿。‎ 注意：1.词数80左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．格式已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：设施很好be well furnished Dear Sir/Madam， ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Jim 参考范文：‎ Dear Sir/Madam，‎ I am Jim, an American student. Last week I went to Beijing and visited many places of interest with my family. During my visit, I stayed at the BEIJING GRAND HOTEL for five days. Well furnished, the room was always clean and tidy. Besides, with everything going smoothly, I had a good time here.‎ Thank you for your good service. If I have a chance to go to Beijing again, I will certainly stay in your hotel.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Jim 一、单元基础训练(限时25分钟)‎ Ⅰ.翻译句子 ‎1．从地上的脚印的新鲜度来判断，她肯定没有走远。(judge from)‎ Judging_from_the_freshness_of_her_footprints,_she_couldn't_have_walked_far.‎ ‎2．孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时下起了雨。(be doing ...when)‎ The_children_were_playing_football_on_the_playground_when_it_began_to_rain.‎ ‎3．一听到这个坏消息他就匆忙回家了，那本书还打开着放在桌子上。(leave复合结构)‎ On_hearing_the_bad_news,_he_hurried_home,_leaving_the_book_lying_open_on_the_table.‎ ‎4．他们意识到太晚了不能赶上最后一趟火车。(too ...‎ ‎ to ....)‎ They_realized_that_it_was_too_late_to_catch_the_last_train.‎ ‎5．童年时，我没想象过我会成为一位作家。(imagine doing sth.)‎ I_didn't_imagine_my_becoming_a_writer_in_my_childhood.‎ ‎6．当我告诉她她母亲去世的消息，她突然哭起来。(burst into ...)‎ When_I_told_her_the_news_of_her_mother's_death,_she_burst_into_tears._‎ ‎7．经理对我的建议很不重视，这使得我非常生气。(think little of)‎ The_manager_thought_little_of_my_advice,_which_made_me_very_angry._‎ ‎8．拿花瓶的时候小心点，它不是钢做的。(as if)‎ Don't_handle_the_vase_as_if_it_were_made_of_steel.‎ ‎9．不是所有的女孩都走了。(部分否定)‎ All_the_girls_didn't_leave./Not_all_the_girls_left.‎ ‎10．当妈妈走进我房间的时候，我正在专心看书。(be buried in ...)‎ I_was_buried_in_a_book_when_my_mother_came_into_my_room._‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2018·石家庄模拟)Something quite tragic (悲剧的) happened in our home.It had a __1__ effect on our lives.It __2__‎ ‎ the way we relax and even where we sit.There was no fire or flood ...we __3__ our WiFi service for over a week.‎ I was raised in the preWiFi era, so I was relatively __4__ to the situation.My children, __5__， did not have this training.When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house, their first __6__ was: “But, what will we do？” Fortunately, the TV still worked, although the children were __7__ to find that it had only 70＋ channels.‎ For the children, a(n) __8__ challenge was homework, most of which is now given online.The lack of broadband seemed to provide a new __9__ of “the dog ate my homework” excuse.My daughter __10__ that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily __11__ due to a leak, but she thought that our lack of WiFi was __12__.“Because you can go to the shop and buy water, right？”‎ My husband and I need the Internet to __13__ us to work at home.Luckily, I've found out that these days you can go to the shop to __14__ WiFi.Although expensive, it allows you to set up your own MiFi network __15__.Buying 1GB of data makes you view your broadband differently.I don't want to __16__ it like leaving a tap running.We log on to the MiFi network and do what we have to do as __17__ as possible and log off.‎ The changes that __18__ has created in our daily life have occurred without us really __19__.The __20__ part of our time without WiFi was seeing the children make forts (堡垒) out of the sofa cushions, which they haven't done in years.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了WiFi对“我”家生活的影响。‎ ‎1．A.possible　　　　　　　　　 B．modest C．positive D．huge 解析：选D　根据上下文可知，家里没有WiFi对我们生活的影响是巨大的(huge)。possible“可能的”；modest“谦虚的”；positive“积极的”。‎ ‎2．A.explored B．challenged C．improved D．guaranteed 解析：选B　根据前一句“It had a __1__ effect on our lives.”和下文的“But, what will we do？”可知，平时家里离不开WiFi，现在没有了，当然对我们平时的生活方式产生挑战。explore“探索”；improve“提升”；guarantee“保证”。‎ ‎3．A.received B．booked C．lost D．bought 解析：选C　根据下文的“When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house”可知，我们家里失去(lost)WiFi一个多星期。receive“收到”；book“订购”；buy“购买”。‎ ‎4．A.addicted B．accustomed C．admitted D．attached 解析：选B　根据第二段第一句“I was raised in the preWi ‎Fi era”可知，“我”是在没有WiFi的时代长大的，因此对于没有了WiFi也是比较习惯的(accustomed)。be accustomed to表示“习惯于”。‎ ‎5．A.however B．therefore C．otherwise D．besides 解析：选A　根据上下文可推知，“我”习惯无WiFi的生活，但是孩子们不习惯。上下文之间是转折关系，因此选however。‎ ‎6．A.impression B．inspiration C．response D．request 解析：选C　根据空后的“But, what will we do？”可知空处指的是他们的第一反应(response)。‎ ‎7．A.excited B．grateful C．embarrassed D．desperate 解析：选D　根据上下文可知，没有WiFi只有电视，且电视频道只有70多个，孩子们很绝望。excited“兴奋的”；grateful“感激的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；desperate“绝望的”。‎ ‎8．A.avoidable B．major C．enjoyable D．simple 解析：选B　根据本句的定语从句“most of which is now given online”可知，家庭作业应是孩子们的主要(major)挑战。avoidable“可避免的”；enjoyable“令人愉快的”；simple“简单的”。‎ ‎9．A.version B．translation C．dimension D．collection 解析：选A　空后的“the dog ate my homework”表示“狗吃了我的作业”，此处表示没有网络是这种借口的一个新提法，故选A。‎ ‎10．A.repeated B．promised C．observed D．ignored 解析：选C　根据空后的宾语从句“that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily __11__ due to a leak”可知，这些内容应该是女儿讲出来(observed)的。repeat“重复”；promise“承诺”；ignore“忽略”；observe“观察，说，评论”。‎ ‎11．A.fixed up B．cut off C．used up D．laid in 解析：选B　根据该空后的“due to a leak”可推知，水管漏水了，供水会被暂时中断(cut off)。‎ ‎12．A.worse B．better C．clearer D．more 解析：选A　根据上下文可知，女儿认为我们没有WiFi更糟糕(worse)。‎ ‎13．A.force B．encourage C．remind D．enable 解析：选D　根据上下文可知，为了能够在家工作，丈夫和“我”需要互联网。enable sb.to do sth.表示“使某人能做某事”。‎ ‎14．A.look into B．search for C．purchase D．borrow 解析：选C　根据下文的“Although expensive”可知，“我”去商店买(purchase)WiFi。look into“调查”；search for“寻找”；borrow“借”。‎ ‎15．A.easily B．securely C．firmly D．constantly 解析：选A　根据语境可知，买了WiFi，“我”建立自己的网络就容易了。‎ ‎16．A.share B．analyze C．store D．waste 解析：选D　根据本句中的“like leaving a tap running(像让水管的水不停地流着一样)”可知，我们知道让水管的水不停地流着意味着“浪费”，故选D。‎ ‎17．A.steadily B．quickly C．properly D．smoothly 解析：选B　根据上下文可知，当“我”上网做事时，“我”是尽快地做。as quickly as possible表示“尽快地”。‎ ‎18．A.technology B．information C．knowledge D．intelligence 解析：选A　根据语境可知，技术已经引起了我们日常生活的改变，这些改变在我们没有注意(noticing)的情况下发生了。‎ ‎19．A.reflecting B．hearing C．appreciating D．noticing 解析：选D　参见上题解析。reflect“反思”；hear“听到”；appreciate“欣赏”。‎ ‎20．A.rigid B．tough C．bright D．necessary 解析：选C　根据该空后的“without WiFi was seeing the children make forts (堡垒) out of the sofa cushions, which they haven't done in years”可知，没有了WiFi，孩子们可以在一起玩，这是愉快的(bright)事情。‎ 二、高考题型组合练(限时50分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 Posting photos of what's for dinner is socialmedia users' favorite hobby, but making dishes appear as delicious as they taste is an elusive (难以捉摸的) skill.With a few professional tips, amateur food photographers can give their smartphonephotographed meals a major upgrade.‎ While stressing perfect shaping is unnecessary, food photographer Jody Horton does pay attention to the plate itself.“You want to be sure that the food will separate from the surface on which it's sitting，” he said.“So a red apple on a red plate likely won't photograph well.” Consider creating a contrast between the plate and the table, such as white china on a dark wood surface.‎ Good lighting is key.Natural light that comes from behind the food is the best, so Mr.Horton turns off indoor lights and the camera's flash, and he places the plate in front of a window that provides indirect sunlight.Restaurants, unfortunately, are difficult spots to photograph food.When taking professional pictures, Mr.Horton usually moves the entire table to desired light, sometimes with the help of candlelight.The safest angle for taking a food picture is from directly above, with only the food in the frame.When you take a photograph from overhead, it's helpful to hold a piece of paper out of the frame but opposite your light source to throw ‎ light back toward the food.‎ Those who want a pleasant ambience (气氛) in their photos should consider taking their smartphone cameras even higher by standing on a chair and bringing in the layout (布局) of the table, while still allowing lighting to be fairly simple.‎ Certain types of food can be especially hard to photograph well.It is difficult to handle foods in bland (平淡的) colors, because it can be hard to tell what they are.Drinks are challenging because glass is so reflective.(One tip: Light them well.)‎ Food photography can be about much more than the final product on the plate.“Some of the most interesting moments happen during preparation，” says Mr.Horton.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。食物摄影是很多爱好者喜欢的娱乐方式，但是要把食物拍得可口却并不容易。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “contrast” in Para.2 mean?‎ A．Slight distinction.　　　 B．Weak link.‎ C．Marked difference. D．Close connection.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。由第二段画线词后的“such as white china on a dark wood surface”可知，在碗碟和桌子之间要形成反差。‎ ‎2．Which lighting is the best for taking a food picture according to Mr.Horton?‎ A．Direct natural light from above.‎ B．Indirect natural light from behind.‎ C．Indoor light coming from above.‎ D．Candlelight coming from below.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段的“Natural light that comes from behind the food is the best”和“he places the plate in front of a window that provides indirect sunlight”可知，来自食物后面的非直射的自然光线是最好的。‎ ‎3．What does Mr.Horton advise amateur food photographers to do?‎ A．Allow the food to become the focus.‎ B．Pay attention to the shape of the food.‎ C．Give up the food in challenging colors.‎ D．Create an ambience via a piece of paper.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第二段的“the food will separate from the surface on which it's sitting”和第三段的“The safest angle ...with only the food in the frame.”可推知， Horton建议让食物成为焦点。‎ ‎4．What suggestion may Mr.Horton offer next?‎ A．Finding useful objects to photograph well.‎ B．Getting lighting for foods in bland colors.‎ C．Choosing places to photograph foods.‎ D．Taking photos of foods in preparation.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。最后一段Horton谈到美食摄影涉及的东西远远不止盘子上的成品，有些最有意思的时刻是在制作的过程中，因此接下来Horton可能会提出制作过程中食物拍摄的建议。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Have you wanted to try an ebook? Has the cost of ebooks stopped you? Well, there are ebooks that you can download.__1__ Others share information about where to find free or discounted ebooks.‎ There are several reasons some ebooks are free.In some cases, the book's copyright (版权) has come to an end.In other cases, writers offer books for free to grow a readership.__2__ The writer hopes you will like the first book enough to buy those that follow.Similarly, Amazon is filled with free ebooks, with a list of the top 100 free ebooks.This list changes constantly, based on how well the books are “selling” and whether they become or remain free.‎ When you find a free ebook you want to read, get it right away.__3__ If you wait too long, you may discover the book now has a price attached.‎ ‎__4__ They offer free ebook files to download directly from the sites.These files could have bad software designed to infect your computer.It is best not to download ebooks, or any file, from an unknown site.‎ Some free ebook sites offer referral (推荐) links to other websites. __5__ These referral sites help you find free ebooks of interest to you.They also let you know when an ebook is free or goes on sale.‎ A．Be careful of some websites.‎ B．So visit Amazon's list quickly.‎ C．Several websites offer free ebooks.‎ D．Referral links provide lists of best sellers.‎ E．Often the offer is open only for a short time.‎ F．Often a free ebook will be the first in a series.‎ G．Therefore, you can download free ebooks there.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了获取免费电子图书的一些注意事项。‎ ‎1．选C　根据上句的“you can download”和下文的“Others share information ...”可知，此处是指一些网站提供免费电子图书，而另外一些网站则提供关于免费或者打折电子图书的信息。‎ ‎2．选F　第二段主要介绍了提供免费电子图书的一些原因。根据下句的“buy those that follow”可知，有些作者为了吸引读者，系列丛书的第一本往往是免费的，一旦你喜欢上了，你就会花钱购买系列中的其他图书。‎ ‎3．选E　根据上句的“get it right away”和下句的“If you wait too long, you may discover the book now has a price attached.”可知，如果你找到了想读的免费电子图书，就及时下手，否则等的时间长了，你会发现书签上有了标价。故E项(通常免费提供期是很短暂的)最恰当。‎ ‎4．选A　根据本段的“infect your computer.It is best not to download ebooks, or any file, from an unknown site”可知，该段主要告诫读者警惕一些不良网站。‎ ‎5．选G　根据本空后的“These referral sites help you find free ebooks”可知，一些免费电子图书网站提供访问其他网站的链接，因此你可以在这些推荐网站下载免费电子图书。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 In the field near my house there __1__ (be) two horses. From a distance, they look the same. But if you get a closer look, you will notice something quite __2__ (interest). Actually, one of the horses is blind. But his owner has chosen not to abandon him. Instead he has made him a safe and comfortable barn __3__ (live) in.‎ If you stand nearby and listen carefully, you will hear the sound of a bell coming from the other horse. It makes the blind horse know __4__ his friend is, so he can follow.‎ As you stand closer and watch the two horses, you'll see that the horse with the bell is always checking on the blind horse and the blind horse will listen for the bell, and then slowly walk to where the other horse is so that he will not go __5__ the wrong direction.‎ When __6__ horse with the bell returns to the barn each evening, he will stop occasionally to look back, __7__ (make) sure that the blind friend isn't too far behind to hear the bell.‎ Life does not throw us away just because we are __8__ (able), or because we have problems or __9__ (challenge). Sometimes we are the blind horse, being guided by the ringing bell of our companions. At other times we are just the guide horse, helping __10__ (other) to find their way.‎ 语篇解读：两匹马一起在田里，从远处看它们是一样的。但是，一匹马是失明的，它靠着同伴的铃铛声音为自己引路，以避免走错路。同样，在生活中虽然我们也许有某种残缺，但是生活不会抛弃我们。我们应该像马那样不轻言弃，互相帮助。‎ ‎1．are　本文的主体时态是一般现在时，由语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。在there be句型中，主语是be动词后的名词，因为本句的主语是two horses，故填are。‎ ‎2．interesting　此处表示如果你离得更近一点儿去看，你会发现一些非常有趣的事情。本空应填形容词interesting，修饰指物的something，quite后接形容词原级。‎ ‎3．to live　此处表示马的主人为它建造一个安全舒适的马厩让它住下。本空为动词不定式作后置定语修饰barn。‎ ‎4．where　铃铛声让那匹失明的马知道它的同伴在哪里。空格处引导的句子为宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示“在哪儿”，故用where。‎ ‎5．in　in the wrong direction“朝着错误的方向”。‎ ‎6．the　本空表示特指，故填定冠词the。‎ ‎7．making　动词make与句子的主语he之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且与stop表示的动作同时发生，故此处用现在分词短语making sure ...作状语，表示伴随状况。‎ ‎8．disabled　本空在be动词之后，应填形容词作表语，由语境可知此处应填disabled“残疾的”。‎ ‎9．challenges　challenge是可数名词，意为“挑战，艰巨任务”。由空前的problems和并列连词or可知，此处应用名词复数形式。‎ ‎10．others　由句意可知，本空填others，表示“别人”。‎ Ⅳ.读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ Mitchell was looking for the instant dry milk in the supermarket. He had started buying dry milk two months ago. Packaged in a box weighing only 1.5 pounds, dry milk tastes and costs the same as regular nonfat (脱脂的) milk. Besides, it is a lot lighter to carry than liquid milk. He couldn't find it on the aisle with the unrefrigerated soy milk, so he walked to the next aisle.‎ Just_as Mitchell started up the next aisle, he almost collided (撞) with someone pushing a shopping cart toward him. Mitchell's eyes opened wide, and then he quickly looked away. Was this person from a monster (怪兽) movie? She was the ugliest person he had ever seen. He couldn't even believe that this was a real person — she had to be an actor still in makeup (化妆品). She had scars (伤疤) all_over_her_face! Scars — too many — covered her forehead, cheeks, nose, and neck. Her mouth was twisted with part of the upper lip missing. Her right eye was halfclosed.‎ Mitchell continued his search for the dry milk. He found it next_to the imported tea, and then walked quickly to the checkout counter. He hoped that he could check out fast, because if that woman finished her shopping and then stood in line behind him, he would simply walk out of the store without buying anything. The checker slowly rang up his bill, took Mitchell's money, and gave him his change. It was 11 p．m. Mitchell did ‎ not look around as he walked out of the supermarket. He wondered if he would ever get that woman's face out of his mind.‎ When he got into his car, he felt ashamed of himself. That poor woman, he thought. She probably never came out in_the_daytime. She probably did everything she could to avoid ‎ people. That was truly a face that even a mother might not love. She must feel so lonely. How could God let that happen to people, Mitchell wondered?‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Mitchell soon forgot about the woman but it so happened that he came across her again early the next morning.　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Mitchell became more curious about her and was determined to dig into the story.　‎ ‎　 　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ 参考范文：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Mitchell soon forgot about the woman but it so happened that he came across her again early the next morning. It was around 7 a．m., when he was having a regular walk with his pet dog in the nearby park. Mitchell immediately recognized the “monster” even though she was in a dress different from the one she had worn in the supermarket. She was standing against a tree talking on the phone, with smiles all_over_her_face,_nodding to people who greeted her good morning. No one seemed to be trying to avoid her.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Mitchell became more curious about her and was determined to dig into the story. He slowed down, when she finished her phone call, went over to greet her. At the beginning, their talk was about the dog. Perhaps she had had too many of such talks and known very well that everyone expected an answer to the question about her face. So, just_as Mitchell was thinking how to ask, she said smilingly, “I guess you want to know the story of my face. Well, it happened 3 years ago when I was trying to take the next door neighbor's little girl out of the burning room.”‎