高考英语二轮复习专题4语法填空模式1有提示词讲练 5页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 专题四 语法填空 新高考命题分析 命题规律 备考建议 作为浙江新高考的语法填 空，命题要求如下：在一 篇 200 词左右的语言材料 中留出 10 个空白，部分空 白的后面给出单词的基本 形式，要求学生根据上下 文在空白处填入适当的内 容(1 个单词)或括号内单 词的正确形式。 另外，该材料的呈现形式 比较灵活，可能是语篇式， 也可能是对活式。 1.积累基础词汇，掌握常用的短语 对于常用的、易错的词要多下功夫记忆，如动词过去式、过 去分词的不规则变化，构词法中常见的词缀等，都要熟记在 心。 2．系统掌握语法知识，了解语法功能 学生要了解各项语法功能，要能够准确分析句子结构和句子 成分。关于句法，学生要准确判断从句的类型，并熟练掌握 各种引导词的用法。 3．强化语篇意识，提高理解能力 平时可以选择一些难度中等的文章进行精读，研究文章的写 作思路、结构特点等。与此同时，及时总结经验，提高在语 篇情境下的解题能力，从而提高解题准确率，取得理想的成 绩。 模式 1| 有提示词 词汇派生 考查加前缀或后缀构成的派生词 词形转换 名词、代词的 数、格及反身 代词 名词主要考查单数变为复数，代词主要考查人称代词变 为物主代词。另外，还需关注反身代词。 比较等级 主要考查形容词、副词变为比较级和最高级。 动词 动 词 的 时 态 和语态 考查动词的时态、语态、语气和主谓一致等。 非谓语动词 考查动词的ing 形式、ed 形式和不定式形式。 1．(2016·全国乙卷) But for tourists like me，pandas are its top (attract)． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 attraction [考查派生词。表示最具吸引力的地方，应用名词形式。] 2．(2016·全国乙卷)The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. officially [考查派生词。修饰谓语部分应用副词形式。] 3. (2016·全国甲卷)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of (great) and less importance. greater [考查比较等级。本空所填之词与 less 是并列关系，应用比较级的形式。] 4. (2016·全国丙卷)Truly elegant chopsticks might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. be made [考查情态动词之后的被动语态。chopsticks 与 make 为动宾关系，应用被动 语态，其构成形式为“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”。] 5．(2016·全国甲卷)Recent (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks (regular)． studies；regularly [考查名词的数与派生词。本句的谓语动词是 show，因此第一空 的主语是名词复数 studies；第二空应用副词 regularly 作状语，修饰动词短语 take short breaks。] 6. (2016· 全 国 甲 卷 )Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable. is [考查主谓一致。本句的主语是动名词短语 Leaving the less important things until tomorrow，是单数，故谓语动词用 is。] 7. (2016·全国甲卷)If you find something you love doing outside of the office， you'll be less likely (bring) your work home. to bring [考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth.为固定短语，意为“可能做某事”， 故答案为 to bring。] 8. (2015·全国卷Ⅰ) It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. arrived [考查时态。由主句中的 was raining 可知，这里使用一般过去时。] 9．(2016·浙江高考改编)To return to the problem of water pollution，I'd like you to look at a study (conduct) in Australia in 2012. conducted [考查过去分词(短语)作定语。a study 与 conduct 之间是被动关系，故用 过去分词短语作后置定语。] 10．(2016·浙江高考改编)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience， (especial) if you are travelling at high speed. especially [考查副词。修饰句子应用副词形式。] 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 11．(2016·哈尔滨第一中学二模)Yoga does help people become (health)． healthy [考查派生词。系动词 become 之后表示“变得怎样……”，应用形容词作表 语，故填 healthy。] 12. (2016·西工大附中第七次适应性训练)She took me from a poor，unhappy college student and (bring) me into her world，a world of smiles，love and (warm)． brought；warmth [考查动词时态和派生词。第一空所填之词与 took 为并列关系，应 用过去式 brought；第二空与 smiles 和 love 为并列关系，故填名词 warmth。] 13. (2016·山东师大附中模拟)The developers say (it) learning ability may someday let computers help solve realworld problems. its [考查代词的格。代词修饰其后的名词 learning ability 应用所有格，故填 its。] 14. (2016·威海市二模)At nineteen，he decided to devote (he) to music. himself [考查反身代词。devote oneself to 为固定搭配，意为“致力于……”，故 空格内应填反身代词，与 he 相对应的是 himself。] 15．(2016·银川九中二模)He walked in as if he (buy) the school. had bought [考查虚拟语气。as if 引导的状语从句中，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟 语气动词用过去完成时。] 16．(2016·威海市二模)But that didn't prevent the boy from becoming one of the (great ) composers of all time. greatest [考查比较等级。表示“最……之一”应用最高级，故用 greatest。] 17．(2016·广东省揭阳市二模)Expectedly，Jim (inform) that he got the job eventually. was informed [考查语态。Jim 与 inform 为动宾关系，再根据 got 可知，应用一般过 去时的被动语态，故用 was informed。] 18. (2016·山东师大附中二模)Do not carry too much money or (necessary) credit cards. unnecessary [ 考 查 派 生 词 。 空 格 处 应 表 示 否 定 ， 意 为 “ 不 必 要 的 ” ， 故 用 unnecessary。] 19. (2016·咸阳市模拟)Before she could express her thanks to us my daughter gave her the food we (buy) for the trip. had bought [考查时态。buy 所表示的动作应在 gave 所表示的动作之前，为“过去的 过去”，故用过去完成时。] 20. (2016·南昌市十所省重点中学二模)The sightseeing options are (end)，but 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 most travelers begin on the harbor at the Sydney Opera House. endless [考查派生词。空格内所填之词作表语意为“相当多的，无休止的”，故用形 容词 endless。] 技法 1 若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与其是并列 关系时，所填动词就是谓语动词，这时就要考虑时态和语态。 This coastal area was named (name) a national wildlife reserve last year. She was phoning (phone) someone，so I nodded to her and went away. 技法 2 若句子中已有谓语动词，又不是并列关系时，所填动词通常是非谓语动词，这 时就要确定是动词的ing 形式，ed 形式，还是不定式形式。 (1)作目的状语只能用不定式的一般式，可位于句首或句尾。 To complete (complete) the project as planned，we'll have to work two more hours a day. (2)作伴随状语一般用动词的ing 形式。 When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep. (3)非谓语动词作后置定语时，表示被动的、已完成的动作用过去分词；表示被动的、 正在进行的动作用 being done；表示被动的、尚未进行的动作用 to be done。 The bridge built (build) in 2012 was designed by a local company. The bridge being built (build) now was designed by a local company. The bridge to be built (build) next year was designed by a local company. 技法 3 当空格后所给的提示词是名词，且作主语或宾语时，通常考查该名词的复数形 式。 For most of us the changes (change)are gradual. We have a variety of emotions (emotion) like sadness，anger，fear，enthusiasm and happiness. 技法 4 当空格后所给的提示词是动词，并且所填的词在句中作主语或宾语时，通常考 查该动词所派生出的名词。 Once you reach that point in life，happiness and satisfaction (satisfy) can't be too far away. These people have made great contributions (contribute) to China with their work. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 技法 5 当空格后所给的提示词是形容词，并且所填的词在句中作状语，通常考查该形 容词所派生出的副词。 He was unhappy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant angrily (angry)． So you see reading books is really (real) a wonderful hobby. 技法 6 当空格后所给的提示词是副词时，通常考查该副词的比较等级。 The harder (hard) you work，the greater progress you will make. Why are you killing your time this way? You should find something that is better (well) worth doing.