2020届二轮复习全国卷中倡议书写作指导 3页

2020 届二轮复习全国卷中倡议书写作指导 一、文体概述 　　倡议书写作总体属于说明文和议论文相结合的写作范畴。一般包括倡议主题 的背景、倡议主题的重要性和发出号召等三部分内容。写作时，要做到倡议主题 突出，倡议内容清楚。同时，注意倡议书的语言特征，可以用些鼓动性的词语， 但要实事求是。文字要力求简洁明了。 二、必备短语 1. environmentally friendly/ environment-friendly 环境友好的 2. contribute to/ lead to/ result in/ give rise to 导致 3. have a positive/ negative effect on 对……有积极（消极）的影响 4. make all efforts to do sth./ spare no efforts to do sth. 全力以赴做某事 5. adopt/ take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 6. enhance the awareness of 提高……的意识 7. appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事 8. be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因 9. protect … from … 保护……免受伤害 10. do harm to 对……有害 三、套用句式 1. It is well known that … is getting worse and worse. 众所周知，……正在变得越来 越糟糕。 2. If everyone makes some contributions to … something will become ... 如果每一个 人都可以为……做一些贡献，……将会变得…… 3. Faced with… we should ...面对……我们应该…… 4. In a word, if everyone pays more attention to … there will be less/ fewer and … will be better.总之，如果每个人都多关注一点……，……将会更少，而……将会更多。 5. It’s high time we did / should do …是时候我们做…… 6. Only in this way can we … 唯有用这种方式，我们才可以…… 四、习作修改 (下列范文中共有 10 处错误，每句最多两处，请改正) In recently years, the hazy weather occurs from time to time, on account of it great harm has been done to our everyday life. Face the great harm coming from the haze, what measures should we adopt to cope with the problem? On one hand, it is recommended that people went to work or school taking the public transport vehicles such as the bus and the subway. On the other hand, it’s the time that more trees were planted in all possible places. Only by this way can fresh air and a blue sky return us in the near future. Actions speak loud than words. Your actions do count! 五、课堂练习 假如你叫李华，是某一中学的学生，请你根据以下倡议书的内容写一封英文倡议 书，谈谈作为中学生用实际行动保持环境。要点如下： 1.现在环境情况不令人满意； 2.倡议：出行时多步行或骑自行车，不乱扔垃圾等。 注意： 1. 字数 100 词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 六、课外作业 为了学校有一个美好校园，你代表校学生会向全体学生拟一份倡议书。 要点如 下： 1. 简要描述不文明现象（乱扔垃圾）； 2. 提出倡议（不乱扔垃圾，在不课室吃、喝东西）。 注意：1. 字数 100 词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考答案与范文： 习作修改 1. 第 1 句的 recently 改为 recent。years 为名词，修饰名词要用形容词。 2. 第 1 句的 it 改为 which。根据两句之间的逻辑关系，这里应用“介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句。 3. 第 2 句中的 Face 改为 Facing。Face 和主句主语之间为主谓关系，且和主句谓 语动词动作同时发生，所以用现在分词的一般式作状语。 4. 第 3 句中的 went 改为 go。It is recommended that …从句谓语动词应用动词原 形或“should+动词原形”。 5. 第 3 句中的 and 改为 or。根据语境，这里表示选择关系，不表示并列。 6. 第 4 句中的定冠词 the 删除。It’s time that …（是做……事情的时候了）为固定 句型，time 前面不用冠词。 7. 第 4 句中的 place 改为 places。place 前面有 all 修饰，所以要用复数形式。 8. 第 5 句中的 by 改为 in。in this way（用这种方法）为固定搭配，且符合文意。 9. 第 5 句中的 return 后面加 to。return to（回归……）为固定搭配，且和文意相 符。 10. 第 6 句中的 loud 改为 louder。根据句中的 than 可知要用比较级。 课堂练习 Dear Friends, Do you want to live in an enjoyable world? Of course you’d rather you did! However, do you love your present living environment? Maybe most of your answer is not! If so, keeping the following in mind can help you achieve your aim! For one thing, we might as well go to work or school on foot or by bike every day, building up our body. For another, never throwing rubbish around does play an important role in protecting our environment, helping us own a more pleasant living environment. Only in this way can we make our city more and more attractive and harmonious. Please don’t hesitate to join us and protect our environment now. It is our small actions that count! Thank you! Sincerely yours, Li hua 课外作业 Dear teachers and fellow students, Do you want to study in an enjoyable campus? Of course you’d rather you did! However, do you love our present campus? Maybe most of your answer is not! As some of you may know, over the past years, plastic bags, cans and other rubbish can be seen in our school. So it is high time that we join efforts to prevent these uncivilized phenomena happening again. For one thing, never litter about in our campus, which plays an important role in keeping our school clean. For another, please keep our classroom clean and remember there is no eating and drinking in our classroom. Take action now! Make our campus more in order! The students’ Union