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  • 2021-05-20 发布

2021届通用版高考英语一轮语法复习专练学案:专题13情态动词和虚拟语气专练

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‎2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点情态动词和虚拟语气专练 一、基础达标测试(本题共10小题,每题1分,共10分)‎ ‎1.The water must ________ (boil) to make sure it is clean and safe to drink.‎ ‎【答案】be boiled ‎【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。boil是动词,“煮沸”,The water和动词boil之间是动宾关系,故此处应使用被动语态;情态动词must后应用动词原形,故此处用“be done”结构,boil的过去分词是boiled,故填be boiled.‎ ‎2.I ______________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.‎ ‎【答案】can't/couldn't ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意:对于我们不在家的时候你对我儿子的所有帮助,我不胜感激。“can't/couldn't+动词原形+ too...”意为“再……也不为过,越……越好”。故填can't/couldn't.‎ ‎3.I should __________ (write) to her, but I didn't have the time.‎ ‎【答案】​have written ‎【解析】​考查虚拟语气时态。句意:我本应该给她写信的,但我没有时间。根据句子后半部分“but I didn't have the time但我没有时间”可知,前一句是表明本该做的事情却没做,有should have done“本该做……”符合句意,故填have written.‎ ‎4.It is high time that you __________(go) to bed for a good sleep.‎ ‎【答案】​went/should go ‎【解析】句意:是你好好睡一觉的时候了。在句式“It is (high) time ‎ that...”中,that从句应用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用一般过去式或should do,should不可以省略。故填​went/should go.‎ ‎5.A book _________ (must read) more than once if you want to understand it better.‎ ‎【答案】must be read ‎【解析】考查被动语态。句意:如果你想更好地理解一本书,就必须多读一次。根据句意和提示词可知,句子的主语A book与动词read之间为被动关系,应用被动时态,分析句意可知,此处情态动词must后要加动词的被动形式,故填must be read.‎ ‎6.The teacher advised that we __________ good use of every minute here.‎ ‎【答案】should make / make ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。advise后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略,故填should make / make.‎ ‎7.Nobody would bother to make these classic novels into films if they ________ (have) nothing to do with contemporary life.‎ ‎【答案】had ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果这些经典小说与当代生活毫无关系,没有人会费心把它们拍成电影。根据would bother可知,此处是和现在事实相反的假设,if从句用一般过去时表示现在的情况,故填had.‎ ‎8.In my opinion, it is about time we ________ (have) new computers.‎ ‎【答案】had/should have ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:在我看来,我们该买新电脑了。it is...time (that)+虚拟语气,谓语动词用一般过去时或者should+动词原形,其中should不能省略。故填had/should have.‎ ‎9.As many as 150 people died in the explosion. If only the owners ________(pay) enough attention to the safety measures!‎ ‎【答案】had paid ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:多达150人在爆炸中丧生。如果业主们对安全措施足够重视就好了!根据语境可知if only后面的句子表述的是一种与过去事实相反的假设,应使用对过去的虚拟语气,形式为“had+过去分词”,故填had paid.‎ ‎10.It is required that bullying ________ (forbid) in any school in China.‎ ‎【答案】​be forbidden ‎【解析】考查主语从句中虚拟语气的使用和被动语态。句意:在中国,任何学校都必须禁止欺凌。主句中含有require“要求”其后的主语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形;bullying和forbid之间是动宾关系,本句用被动结构,结合本题用(should) be forbidden,故填be forbidden.‎ 二、模拟实战演练(本题共10小题,每题1.5分,共15分)‎ ‎1.(北京四中2020年3月调研)How I wish every family ________ (have) a large house with a beautiful garden.‎ ‎【答案】had ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:我多么希望每个家庭都有一栋有美丽花园的大房子。根据句意和句式结构可知,此处是wish后接宾语从句的虚拟语气,且是对现在的虚拟,动词要用一般过去时。故填had.‎ ‎2.(大庆铁人中学2020年3月模拟)They would________ (kill) him if he had not defended himself.‎ ‎【答案】have killed ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他不为自己辩护,他们就会杀了他。由if he had not defended himself.可知,本句是if条件句的虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反,主句的谓语动词需用would have done。故填have killed.‎ ‎3.(河北邢台一中2020年一模)They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn't __________ (stick) in the storm.‎ ‎【答案】have been stuck ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。这是一个含蓄条件句,谓语动词用虚拟语气,根据上文They set off for the destination too late可知,与过去事实相反,谓语动词用would have done,主语they和谓语动词stick之间是被动关系,用空格前有wouldn't,故填have been stuck.‎ ‎4.(衡水二中2020年5月模拟)Tom recommended me that I __________(accept) the invitation.‎ ‎【答案】(should) accept ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:汤姆建议我接受邀请。这里考查recommend意为“建议”时在宾语从句中的虚拟语气,recommend sb. that sb. (should) do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。故填(should) accept.‎ ‎5.(合肥一中2020年6月集训)The old man treated the boy as if he _________ his own son.‎ ‎【答案】were ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据The old man与the ‎ boy之间的关系,可知说话人认为句子所述的是不真实,,as if要用虚拟语气,且从句与现在事实相反,从句的谓语动词要用过去式,是连系动词be时,要用were。故填were.‎ ‎6.(哈三中2020年4月模拟)The manager required that the work _______ (finish)before Friday.‎ ‎【答案】should be finished/be finished ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面,其宾语从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气。本句的谓语动词required表示要求,其宾语从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”;而且从句中的谓语动词finish和主语the work是被动关系,故填should be finished/be finished.‎ ‎7.(石家庄二中2020年5月模拟)Only when the results came out did he realize that he should ____________ (devote) himself to his studies, but it was too late.‎ ‎【答案】have devoted ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:只有当结果出来时,他才意识到他应该全身心地投入到学习中去,但是已经太晚了。Only when引导的从句中用了倒装,句中表示“本应该做某事却没做”,用should have done的形式。devote奉献于,动词原形。devoted过去分词。故填have devoted.‎ ‎8.(沈阳2020年6月集训)If it were not for the fact that you _____ (be) ill, I would ask you to do this right now.‎ ‎【答案】are ‎【解析】考查同位语从句时态。句意:如果不是因为你病了,我想请你现在就做。fact后的同位语从句表示的是事实,要用一般现在时,不用虚拟语气;you后面系动词用are,故填are.‎ ‎9.(天津南开中学2020年6月押题卷)Without your timely help, I couldn't _________ (finish) the task ahead of time.‎ ‎【答案】have finished ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:没有你的及时帮助,我本不可能提前完成任务。根据句意此处需表示对过去发生事情的假设。could (not) have done本来能够(不可能)做某事。故填have finished.‎ ‎10.(秦皇岛一中2020年6月考前押题卷)The woman stood by the river still as if she ________ (turn) into a stone.‎ ‎【答案】had turned ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:那个女人一动不动地站在河边,好像变成了一块石头。as if从句表示所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时,应用虚拟语气;此处是表示与过去事实相反的事实,应用过去完成时形式。故填had turned.‎ 三、情态动词和虚拟语气专项综合训练(本题共10小题,每题1.5分,共15分)‎ Tom and Peter are twins.They look as if they 1.________(be) the same person.Both the two boys are smart,but Tom is hard-working while Peter is lazy.Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn't. However,people believe if Peter 2.__________(work) as hard as Tom,he would do as well as his brother in his study.‎ At home,their parents suggest that they 3.____________(finish) their homework before playing computer games.But Peter insists that it 4.______(be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time.Their mother gives in in the end.‎ One day,when doing his homework,Tom found he made a serious mistake.So he put his exercise book aside and used another one.When Peter found the previous exercise book, he_5_______(strike) out Tom's name and signed his name on its cover,and handed it in as his own homework the next day.‎ When the teacher told the truth to the twins' mother,she was very angry and shouted at Peter.“How I wish you 6. ________(be) as diligent as your brother!Now it's time that I 7._________(give) you a good lesson.And you mustn't play any computer games for a month!”‎ ‎“Oh,no!Mom.Without a computer for such a long time,I 8.__________(die).I would rather you 9.______(ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.”Peter was upset.‎ ‎“If you 10.____________(finish) your homework on time yesterday,you wouldn't be punished now,”said the mother.‎ ‎1.【答案】were ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意:汤姆和彼得是双胞胎。 他们看起来好像是同一个人。根据句意可知说话人认为句子所述的是不真实,as if要用虚拟语气,且从句与现在事实相反,从句的谓语动词要用过去式,是连系动词be时,要用were,故填were.‎ ‎2.【答案】worked ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意:然而,人们相信,如果彼得像汤姆一样努力工作,他在学习上会做得和他哥哥一样好。本句是if条件句的虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反,从句的谓语动词需用用过去式。故填worked.‎ ‎3.【答案】(should)finish ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意:在家里,他们的父母建议他们在玩电脑游戏之前,应该完成他们的家庭作业。这里考查suggest意为“建议”时在宾语从句中的虚拟语气,suggest that sb. (should) do sth.意为“建议做某事”, 故填(should)finish.‎ ‎4.【答案】is ‎【解析】此题考查insist的用法。句意:但是彼得坚持认为只要他能及时交作业,就可以先玩游戏。insist表示“坚持要”“一定要”,从句所指的一般是尚未实现的事实,此时谓语通常用虚拟语气(即should+动词原形);但是insist表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”,从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态,谓语一般用陈述语气, 故填is.‎ ‎5.【答案】struck ‎【解析】此题考查谓语动词时态。句意:当彼得找到以前的练习本时,他划掉了汤姆的名字,并在封面上签了名。横线处所填的谓语动词形式与signed his name on its cover谓语动词形式并列,都是谓语动词的一般过去式,故填struck.‎ ‎6.【答案】were ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意:我多么希望你像你哥哥一样勤奋!根据句意和句式结构可知,此处是句型How I wish后接宾语从句的虚拟语气,并且是对现在事实的假设,动词要用一般过去时故填were.‎ ‎7.【答案】gave/should give ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意:现在是我给你上一堂好课的时候了。在句式“It is (high) time that...”中,that从句应用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用一般过去式或should do,should不可以省略。 故填gave/should give.‎ ‎8.【答案】would die ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意:如果长时间没有电脑,我会死的。根据句意此处需表示对将来发生事情的假设。故填would die.‎ ‎9.【答案】asked ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意:我宁愿你让我一个人洗碗一个月。根据句意和句式结构可知,此处是I would rather后接宾语从句的虚拟语气,而且是对现在情况的虚拟,谓语动词要用一般过去时态。故填asked.‎ ‎10.【答案】had finished ‎【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意:如果你昨天按时完成了作业,你现在就不会受到惩罚了。根据语境可知if 后面的句子表述的是一种与过去事实相反的假设,应使用对过去的虚拟语气,形式为“had+过去分词”,故填had finished.‎