【英语】2021届新高考英语大一轮复习能力提升北师大版：选修8Unit23　Conflict作业 16页

Unit 23　Conflict 能力提升题组训练(A)‎ Ⅰ.阅读(2019湖南郴州高三第二次质检)‎ How to help yourselves facing the frequent occurrence of crowded stampede(踩踏) during the holiday?‎ If you are in a crowd,a first and most essential thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings.No matter where you are,make sure you always know how to get out.‎ Make yourself aware of the type of ground you are standing on,and know that in a crowd of moving people,wet or uneven ground can be slippery or dangerous,causing you to fall.‎ Be aware of the general atmosphere of the event,as panic situations can often be predicted.When in danger,a few seconds can make all the difference,giving you the possibility of taking advantage of your escaping route.Always stay closer to the escape route.‎ If you find yourself in the middle of a moving crowd,do not fight against the pressure,do not stand still or sit down,because you could easily get trampled(被踩踏).Instead,move in the same direction of the crowd; take advantage of any space that may open up to move ‎ sideways.Keep your hands up by your chest,like a boxer—it gives you movement and protects your chest.‎ If you fall,get up quickly.If you can’t get up because you are injured,get someone to pull you back up.If you have kids,lift them up.If you fall and cannot get up,keep moving by crawling in the same direction of the crowd,or if that is not possible,then cover your head with your arms and curl up into the fetal(胎儿的) position (do not lay on your stomach or back,as this dangerously exposes your lungs).The worst situation is to be pushed by the crowd against an immovable object.Try to stay away from walls,fences or barricades,as the crowd pressure can build up rapidly.‎ ‎1.What is the first important when you are in a crowd?‎ A.Protect your breast. B.Call the ambulance quickly.‎ C.Press with the crowd tightly. D.Be familiar with your surroundings quickly.‎ ‎2.What should you do if you fall and cannot get up in a crowd?‎ A.Shout at the crowd loudly. B.Wait for someone to save you.‎ C.Cover your head with your arms. D.Lay on the ground without moving.‎ ‎3.What should you do if you find yourself pressed in the middle of the crowd?‎ A.Cry for help and fight against the pressure. B.Move towards the ‎ same direction of the crowd.‎ C.Keep still and wait for the crowd to leave slowly. D.Keep bending down with a hand around your head.‎ ‎4.Who is the suitable reader about the passage?‎ A.The people of all ages. B.The children.‎ C.The parents. D.The teachers.‎ 语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是在节日期间如何帮助自己面对频繁发生的拥挤踩踏事件。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句If you are in a crowd,a first and most essential thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings.可知,当你在人群中时,快速熟悉周围环境是第一重要的。故选D。‎ ‎2.C　细节理解题。根据第六段中If you fall and cannot get up,keep moving by crawling in the same direction of the crowd,or if that is not possible,then cover your head with your arms可知,如果你在人群中跌倒而不能站起来,用胳膊护住你的头。故选C。‎ ‎3.B　细节理解题。根据第五段中Instead,move in the same direction of the crowd可知,如果你在人群中跌倒而不能站起来,向人群的同一方向移动。故选B。‎ ‎4.A　推理判断题。根据第一段How to help yourselves facing the frequent occurrence of crowded stampede(踩踏) during the holiday?由此推知这篇文章适合所有人群。故选A。‎ Ⅱ.七选五(2019安徽合肥高三第二次质检)‎ What’s the purpose of building patience abilities? In a word,happiness.Better relationships,more success.But indeed it takes efforts to build them successfully.1.　　　.Thus,when the big ones come,we will have developed the patience we need for hard times. ‎ Understand the addictive nature of anger and impatience.We,human beings,are still constructed with our old reptilian (爬行动物似的) brain that protects our physical and emotional survival.On the emotional survival side,we want our way to get ahead,to achieve,to “look good.” Let’s just face it.2.　　　 So the first step in growing patience is to get in touch with the addictive quality of the opposite of patience—anger,impatience,blaming and shaming.We all have them.And we can grow beyond them. ‎ Upgrade our attitude towards discomfort and pain.Pain has its purposes and pushes us to find solutions—we try to change the other person,situation or thing that we think is causing our discomfort.But the problem is that it is not the outside thing that’s the source of our pain,but how our mind is set.3.　　 ‎ Pay attention when the impatience or pain starts.Most of us don’t really realize it when we are feeling even the smallest—but very present—painful feelings.4.　　　 But to really care for ourselves,get curious about what’s actually happening in the moment inside ‎ you.Focusing on what’s actually happening,you can notice the worry of not wanting what’s happening,the resistance. ‎ ‎5.　　　 When you find yourself impatient,or angry with yourself,you can remind yourself that you are growing,and that,“Sure,this is understandable; this is what happens to me when I’m bothered.” You can say to yourself,“It’s true.I don’t like this; this is uncomfortable,but I can tolerate it.” ‎ A.Practice positive self-talk.‎ B.So the solution to pain is an inside job.‎ C.Patience abilities benefit you in many ways.‎ D.Learn to forgive yourself for being impatient in hard times.‎ E.We ignore the fact that we’re in pain and focus completely on fixing the problem.‎ F.The urge to protect ourselves and what we consider valuable is absolutely habit-forming.‎ G.Effective ways are recommended to train ourselves to work with little pains and annoyances.‎ 答案:1-5　GFBEA Ⅲ.完形填空 Once there was a manager who was a single parent to his three daughters.One morning he asked his oldest daughter,Sonia,to 　1　 the breakfast dishes before going to school.Not 　2　 that she was already ‎ running late and facing punishment,he was astonished by her 　3　.She burst into tears.Again,assuming that she was merely trying to get out of an unpleasant household duty,he demanded that she dry her tears and get back to work immediately.She 　4　 obeyed him,but her anger could be clearly sensed.That morning he drove to 　5　 after dropping her daughter without expressing his 　6　 for her.He tried to work but couldn’t concentrate;all he could see was his daughter’s 　7　 tearful face.The man began to realize that his timing had gone wrong and he began to feel 　8　.He couldn’t wait till suppertime to apologize.So he took permission from the school to take his daughter for 　9　 and said,“Sonia,I am very sorry! I had no right on asking you to 　10　 at home this morning without any 　11　 warning.I upset you at a time when you most needed my love and support.And I let you go without saying ‘I love you’.I was wrong.Please 　12　 me.” ‎ Sonia put her 　13　 around her father’s neck and hugged him and said,“Oh,Dad,of course I forgive you.I love you too.” ‎ The 　14　 of these restorative (促使康复的) words,“I am sorry!” is such that they 　15　relationships—between us and our friends,between us and our loved one. ‎ ‎1.A.set B.buy C.do D.arrange ‎2.A.recognizing B.realizing C.telling D.explaining ‎3.A.reaction B.appearance C.gesture D.words ‎4.A.hesitantly B.joyfully C.painfully D.unwillingly ‎5.A.office B.school C.garage D.supermarket ‎6.A.amazement B.agreement C.love D.interest ‎7.A.delighted B.satisfactory C.excited D.scared ‎8.A.upset B.regretful C.disappointed D.honored ‎9.A.breakfast B.lunch C.supper D.holiday ‎10.A.deal with B.try out C.help out D.take on ‎11.A.previous B.precious C.formal D.obvious ‎12.A.tolerate B.punish C.forgive D.guide ‎13.A.legs B.arms C.hands D.ears ‎14.A.secret B.use C.advantage D.power ‎15.A.create B.break C.mend D.deepen 语篇解读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。女儿早上上学快要迟到了,爸爸没有意识到,却让女儿做家务,女儿没有违背爸爸的意愿,但她哭了。后来爸爸意识到自己错了,向女儿道歉。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.C　set树立,点燃; buy买;do做;arrange安排。一天早晨,他让他的大女儿索尼娅在上学前洗早餐的盘子。do the breakfast dishes “洗早餐的盘子”,故选C。‎ ‎2.B　recognizing认出;realizing意识到;telling告诉;explaining解释。爸爸让女儿洗盘子,说明他没意识到女儿上学要迟到,故选B。‎ ‎3.A　reaction反应;appearance外表,外貌;gesture手势;words单词。既然没有意识到女儿上学要迟到了,所以看见女儿哭了,当然是很惊讶。可知选A。‎ ‎4.D　hesitantly犹豫地;joyfully高兴地;painfully痛苦地;unwillingly不情愿地。根据下文but her anger could be clearly sensed.由此推知女儿“不情愿地服从了爸爸的命令”。but表示前后是一种转折关系,故选D。‎ ‎5.A　office办公室;school学校;garage车库;supermarket超级市场。根据下文He tried to work可知他把女儿送到学校后去了办公室。故选A。‎ ‎6.C　amazement惊异;agreement同意;love爱;interest兴趣。根据下文And I let you go without saying ‘I love you’.可知在送女儿上学的时候没有表达对女儿的爱。故选C。‎ ‎7.D　delighted高兴的;satisfactory满意的;excited兴奋的;scared害怕的。根据上文可知,女儿当时尽管生气但还是没有违背爸爸的意愿,所以这里应该是“他看到女儿感到害怕且充满泪水的脸”。故选D。‎ ‎8.B　upset心烦的; regretful后悔的;disappointed失望的;honored受尊敬的。根据The man began to realize that his timing had gone wrong可知爸爸开始感到后悔。故选B。‎ ‎9.B　breakfast早餐;lunch午饭;supper晚饭;holiday节日。根据上文He couldn’t wait till suppertime to apologize.可知,所以他得到学校的允许带女儿去吃午饭。故选B。‎ ‎10.C　deal with处理;try out试验;help out帮助摆脱困境;take on承担,呈现。根据上文的描述可知,此处意为: 让你帮忙做家务。故选C。‎ ‎11.A　previous以前的;precious珍贵的;formal正式的;obvious明显的。根据上文的描述可知,此处意为:在没有任何事先提醒的情况下让你帮忙做家务。”故选A。‎ ‎12.C　tolerate 容忍;punish惩罚;forgive原谅;guide指导。上文的And I let you go without saying ‘I love you’.I was wrong.可知爸爸请求原谅。故选C。‎ ‎13.B　legs腿;arms胳膊;hands手;ears耳朵。根据around her father’s neck and hugged him可知女儿拥抱爸爸。B项符合语境。‎ ‎14.D　secret秘密;use使用,用途;advantage优势;power力量,能力。根据 such that they 　15　relationships—between us and our friends,between us and our loved ones,and between us and God.可知,此处指这句话的力量。故选D。 ‎ ‎15.C　create创造;break打破,折断; mend修补;deepen加深。根据上文的描述以及常识可知,此处指:修复了我们和朋友之间、我们和亲人之间的关系。故选C。‎ 能力提升题组训练(B)‎ Ⅰ.阅读 A In January,we participated in an archaeological(考古学的) dig near the Okbo Elementary School in Kiyotake,Japan,along with housewives and elderly farmers.It was really cold,and a strong wind was blowing all ‎ the time.‎ The work we did was to dig down in the soil ‎5 cm at a time and look for something ancient such as earthen vessels,stone tools,and arrowheads.Sometimes we dug down ‎30 cm at once.‎ ‎　　We dug down to some layers which could be seen on the soil wall.The different colors of these layers showed what had happened at different ages.‎ Also,in a few places where ancient people cooked,there were the remains of ashes and charcoal.The material that we longed to find was “Kokuyoseki”,or obsidian(十胜石),a clear black stone for cutting meat and making arrowheads,because it is really hard to find and is beautiful.‎ From 8:30 to 5:00,we continued to dig in the soil.Then we had to get rid of the soil which we dug.The cold climate,the cold wind,and the dust made it hard for us.We couldn’t open our eyes.‎ Sometimes we measured the size of each stone and our boss drew the shape.It was really detailed work and made us exhausted,but we still carried out the excavation (挖掘).‎ Now,however,we feel it was a really good opportunity because we were able to feel the ancient mystery and the reality of the work.Besides,we were able to become friends with the housewives and farmers who were also participating in the dig.‎ ‎1.What does the author of the passage mainly tell us?‎ A.His experience in joining in an archaeological dig.‎ B.How he found some ancient objects in the soil.‎ C.Where people can find earthen vessels and arrowheads.‎ D.The relationship between himself and some farmers.‎ ‎2.From the passage we can infer that 　　　. ‎ A.he had to dig as deep as possible B.digging for ancient things is boring C.he seldom found anything ancient D.excavation is really hard work ‎3.What can people know from the colors of the layers of soil?‎ A.What the weather was like a long time ago. B.What people lived on in ancient times.‎ C.The exact time obsidian formed. D.The things that happened at different ages.‎ ‎4.The most exciting thing for them is 　　　. ‎ A.to find a place where people cooked B.to see the remains of charcoal and ashes C.to find a kind of stone used for cutting meat D.to dig out some arrowheads 语篇解读:本文是记叙文。作者是一名学生,有幸参加了一次考古挖掘活动。在这次活动中,作者经历了考古挖掘的辛苦,学到了很多考古知识,也收获了友谊。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.A　主旨大意题。根据文章的第一句“In January,we participated in an archaeological dig...”以及全文的内容可以看出,文章主要讲述了作者参加的一次考古挖掘经历。‎ ‎2.D　推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“The cold climate,the cold wind,and the dust made it hard for us.We couldn’t open our eyes.”可知,当时天冷、风大、尘土多,由此可知,考古挖掘是件“不容易”的工作。A项“挖得尽量深”;B项“挖掘古代的东西是无聊的”;C项“很少找到古代的东西”都与原文内容不符。‎ ‎3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“The different colors of these layers showed what had happened at different ages.”可知,土层的不同颜色展示出不同时代发生的事情。‎ ‎4.C　细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句可知,他们渴望发现的东西是十胜石,这种东西黑得透明,可用来切肉或做箭头,并且它很难找到,又很美丽,因此找到十胜石让他们兴奋。‎ B Ladies and gentlemen,I returned to this year in a time machine.In the year 2500,we are able to travel through time to any year in the history of the earth.This year is your last chance to change your lifestyle to save the earth.‎ Beginning in the middle of the 20th century,a few people were ‎ worried about polluting the earth’s water and air,but most people did not change their way of life.Instead,they continued to pour dangerous chemicals and other waste into lakes and seas,to drive more and more cars and trucks,and to cut down trees.‎ By the year 2200,the earth’s water was completely polluted.People could no longer drink water,and they had to use other types of liquids.‎ So,by the year 2300,there were so many people that food became scarce.There was no water to grow food and all of the fish in the lakes and seas died because of pollution.Terrible wars broke out between the rich and the poor.Scientists were working very hard to find another planet in space where humans could live.‎ By the year 2400,the air was too polluted for humans to breathe.So we had to leave earth.But only the rich were able to leave.Where did we go?Nowhere.The scientists did not find another safe planet,so now we must travel around the universe in our spaceships.We are still looking for a place to call our home.‎ So,it is up to you to change history.There is still hope.You must change your lifestyle now,before it is too late.‎ ‎5.Which problem is NOT talked about in Paragraph 2?‎ A.Water. B.Air. C.Lifestyle. D.Food.‎ ‎6.What’s the meaning of “scarce” in Paragraph 4?‎ A.Valuable. B.Enough. C.Lacking. D.Special.‎ ‎7.Which of the following is TRUE?‎ A.Only a few people changed their lifestyle in the 20th century.‎ B.There wasn’t enough food for people to eat by the year 2200.‎ C.All the animals died because of pollution by the year 2300.‎ D.We found a new home in another planet by the year 2400.‎ ‎8.What’s the best title of the passage?‎ A.Stop Polluting B.Change or Leave C.Look for New Home D.Return to the Earth 语篇解读:本文是记叙文。文章从未来的角度指出人们如果不改变生活方式,地球在未来几百年将发生巨变。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎5.D　细节理解题。通读第二段可知,并没有谈论到食物。‎ ‎6.C　词义猜测题。根据第四段中“there were so many people”以及“There was no water to grow food”可知人太多,又因为水污染,地里种不出粮食,贫富地区的人们因争夺食物而爆发战争,可推知,此处指食物匮乏。scarce意为“缺乏的”。‎ ‎7.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知,大部分人没有改变生活方式,可推知只有少部分人改变了生活方式,因此A项正确。‎ ‎8.B　主旨大意题。整篇短文都是围绕“change your lifestyle to save the earth”这个话题展开的,人们如果不改变生活方式,未来就只能离开赖以生存的地球,故选B。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空(2019高青一中高三摸底)‎ Edward Kennedy Ellington was born in ‎1899 in Washington,D.C.It wasn’t until Ellington was a teenager 1.　　　　his interest in music grew.He taught 2.　　　　 (he) to play the piano by listening to local piano players.Sometime around 1916 Ellington began playing the piano at high school parties.Ellington realized that he enjoyed 3.　　　　(entertain) people with his music.He soon became 4.　　　　 very popular musician,playing at parties and other events in the Washington area.Young adults seemed 5.　　　　 (especial) delighted by the modern pieces 6.　　　　 he composed. ‎ In 1923,he joined The Washingtonians,a five-piece group of 7.　　　　 (musician) in Washington,and became the group’s leader in early 1924.In 1927 Ellington and his orchestra won an engagement (雇用) at Harlem’s famous Cotton Club.For the next three years,his orchestra played at the Cotton Club nearly every night. ‎ Working at the Cotton Club encouraged Ellington’s 8.　　　　 (create).Since the shows changed every six months,he 9.　　　　 (challenge) by the need to continually develop new material. ‎ By 1928 the popular nightspot began radio broadcasts.From the broadcasts Ellington and his orchestra gained a 10.　　　　 (nation) reputation. ‎ 语篇解读:本文介绍了音乐家爱德华·肯尼迪·艾灵顿的生平。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.that　考查固定句型。此处是“it+be+被强调部分+that+其他”的强调句型。‎ ‎2.himself　考查反身代词。空处与句子主语指代同一个人,故用反身代词。teach oneself表示“自学”。‎ ‎3.entertaining　考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。‎ ‎4.a　考查冠词。此处指他成为一位非常受欢迎的音乐家。不定冠词a泛指数量一。‎ ‎5.especially　考查副词。此处用副词修饰形容词delighted。‎ ‎6.that/which　考查定语从句。先行词是pieces,指物,且定语从句中缺少宾语,故用关系代词that或which。‎ ‎7.musicians　考查名词复数。根据空前面的a group of可知此处需要名词的复数形式。‎ ‎8.creativity　考查名词。根据空前面的Ellington’s可知此处需要名词。‎ ‎9.was challenged　考查时态和语态。此处讲述的是过去的事情,所以用一般过去时。主语he和challenge之间是被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎10.national　考查形容词。此处需要形容词作定语修饰后面的名词。‎