2021届通用版高考英语一轮语法复习专练学案：专题02名词专练二 7页

‎2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点名词专练（二）‎ 一、基础达标测试（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）‎ ‎1.At some point we need to make sure that our expectations are the same as other family ________ (member) expectations.‎ ‎【答案】members'‎ ‎【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：在某些时候，我们需要确保我们的期望和其他家庭成员的期望是一样的。设空处应用名词所有格，作expectations的定语；又因空前有other，应用member的复数形式的所有格members'。故填​members'.‎ ‎2.The success of our plan rests on your ________ (cooperate).‎ ‎【答案】cooperation ‎【解析】句意：我们计划的成功取决于你们的合作。分析句子可知，物主代词your后接名词。cooperate合作，动词，其名词为cooperation，故填cooperation.‎ ‎3.We appreciated his ______ (devote) of time and money to the project.‎ ‎【答案】devotion ‎【解析】考查名词。句意：我们感谢他为这个项目投入的时间和金钱。此处有形容词性物主代词his，后面修饰名词，故填devote的名词形式，devotion。故填devotion.‎ ‎4.The team was becoming weaker and weaker because of his _________ (relax) in the match.‎ ‎【答案】relaxation ‎【解析】考查名词。句意：因为在比赛中的放松，这个队变得越来越弱。 形容词性物主代词his后加名词，relaxation放松，名词，故填relaxation.‎ ‎5.After the meeting, the chairman asked him to explain his ________ (absent).‎ ‎【答案】absence ‎【解析】句意：会议结束后，主席请他解释他缺席的原因。absent缺席的，形容词，根据前面的形容词性物主代词his可知，此处其名词形式absence。故填absence.‎ ‎6.The Nobel Prize in Physics went to a Japanese and a Canadian scientist, for their ________ (discover) of neutrino oscillation (中微子振荡).‎ ‎【答案】discovery ‎【解析】句意：一位日本科学家和一位加拿大科学家获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，因为他们发现了中微子振荡现象。前面是形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词，且根据提示词可知，该空表示的是“发现”，故填discovery.‎ ‎7.We all have an ________(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.‎ ‎【答案】expectation ‎【解析】考查名词。句意：我们都期待着他下周能通过驾照考试。本空要使用名词做宾语，名词expectation“期盼”是可数名词，根据an可知，使用单数形式，故填expectation.‎ ‎8.We had no ______ (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country.‎ ‎【答案】hesitation ‎【解析】考查名词和固定搭配。句意：当可怕的地震袭击这个国家时，我们毫不犹豫地帮助灾民。have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事，固定搭配。故填hesitation.‎ ‎9.We hope for a lasting__________(settle) of all these troubles.‎ ‎【答案】settlement ‎【解析】考查可数名词。句意：我们希望所有这些问题都能得到持久解决。根据语境中的不定冠词a可知，本空填写可数名词的单数形式settlement“解决”，在句中作介词for的宾语，故填settlement.‎ ‎10.With international joint efforts, hopefully we can make a difference in helping rid Africans of _________(starve) and poverty.‎ ‎【答案】starvation ‎【解析】考查名词。介词of后要用名词作宾语，starve的名词是starvation，此处和poverty并列，结合语境，使用其单数形式。故填starvation.‎ ‎11.Men and women must be treated equally in education and______(employ).‎ ‎【答案】employment ‎【解析】考查名词。由句子结构可知，空处需用名词做介词in的宾语；employ的名词为employment“雇用、就业”不可数。故填employment.‎ ‎12.She is suffering from severe morning _____________ (sick).‎ ‎【答案】sickness ‎【解析】考查词性的变化。句意：他患有严重的晨吐。空格前有形容词severe修饰名词，形容词sick的名词形式在词尾加ness,故填sickness.‎ ‎13.The millionaires are only a___________ (minor), but most people live miserably.‎ ‎【答案】minority ‎【解析】考查可数名词的单数形式。句意：百万富翁只是少数，但大多数人生活地悲惨。根据语境中的不定冠词a可知，本空填写可数名词的单数形式minority“少数”，在句中作表语，故填minority.‎ ‎14.We were fighting for _______ (survive), protecting and providing for those we loved.‎ ‎【答案】survival ‎【解析】考查名词。根据句子分析可知，本空要使用名词做介词for的宾语，survive的名词是survival“生存”，是不可数名词，故填survival.‎ ‎15.She looked at us in ________ (amaze).‎ ‎【答案】amazement ‎【解析】考查名词和固定短语。根据句子分析可知，介词in后要使用名词做宾语，amaze的名词是amazement“惊奇”，不可数，in amazement惊讶地，固定短语。故填amazement.‎ ‎16.To his ________(悲伤), his beloved pet dog died in a traffic accident.‎ ‎【答案】sorrow ‎【解析】考查名词。句意：让他感到伤心的是，他心爱的宠物狗在一场交通事故中去世了。根据汉语意思可知，悲伤sorrow，在句子中做宾语，故填sorrow.‎ ‎17.The professor expressed his ________ (satisfy) with the result of the experiment.‎ ‎【答案】satisfaction ‎【解析】考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处需用名词作动词expressed的宾语。satisfaction，不可数名词，满意。故填satisfaction.‎ ‎18.With the_________(develop) of science and technology, the usage of artificial intelligence turns out to be a reality.‎ ‎【答案】development ‎【解析】考查名词。根据句子结构分析，前面有介词with，后面接名词作宾语，With the development  of science and technology随着科技的发展，符合题意，故填development.‎ ‎19.Boys and girls, do bring your _________ (partner) to take part in the party!‎ ‎【答案】partners ‎【解析】句意：孩子们，一定要把你们的同伴带来参加聚会！结合句意及语境可知，此处应用名词复数形式，partner“同伴，舞伴”，是可数名词，故填partners.‎ ‎20.Although you can find ________ (bargain) in London, it's not generally a cheap place to shop.‎ ‎【答案】bargains ‎【解析】句意：虽然你会在伦敦找到便宜货，但它通常不是一个购物便宜的地方。句中bargain意为“便宜货”，是可数名词；根据句意可知，用其复数形式。故填bargains. 二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ 1. ‎(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ) It was a ___________(relieve) and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle of the road.‎ ‎【答案】relief ‎【解析】考查词性变化。句意：很放松，我突然停在路中间。本题空格前有冠词a,说明横线处需要名词形式，将动词relieve改成名词relief,故填relief.‎ ‎2.（2016.高考全国卷I）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese (painting).‎ ‎【答案】paintings ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词。句意：在如此多的中国绘画中。painting为可数名词，注意用复数形式。故填paintings.‎ 2. ‎（2015.高考全国卷II）In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their____________ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment. ‎ ‎【答案】ability   ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。句意：除了简单的美丽，使土坯住宅令人钦佩的是他们能够“空气条件”的房子，而不使用电气设备。their是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词．故该空要填名词ability.‎ 3. ‎（2015.高考福建卷）My second piece of ____________(advise) is simple.‎ ‎【答案】advice ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。句意：我的第二条建议很简单。短语“一条建议”翻译成a piece of advice,需要将动词advise改成名词形式advice, 故填advice.‎ ‎5.（2015.高考福建卷）This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument. Just make an (apologize)， and move on.‎ ‎【答案】apology ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。句意：这是避免争论的最简单和最好的方法。 先道歉，然后继续。根据空格前面的短语make an_____，可知需填入一个名词“道歉”，因而答案为apology.‎ 6. ‎(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the_________(word)，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”‎ ‎【答案】words ‎【解析】考查可数名词复数的变化。句意：教练不断重复这些话：“加快速度！”“慢点！”根据语境需要名词的复数形式，故填words.‎ 7. ‎(2016·高考全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is (honest).‎ ‎【答案】honesty ‎【解析】考查词性转换。句意：我叔叔告诉我，他成功的关键是诚实。根据语境，此处需要honest的名词形式honesty,故填 honesty.‎ 8. ‎(2016·高考全国卷Ⅱ)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden our view and gain knowledge we cannot get from ____________(book).‎ ‎【答案】books ‎【解析】考查可数名词复数的变化。句意：如果我们出国旅行，我们可以开阔视野，获得我们从书本中无法获得的知识。book为可数名词，此处泛指各种书籍，需要复数形式，故填books.‎ 9. ‎(2016·高考浙江卷)When I was a very young child，my father created a regular practice I remember well a few________ (year) later.‎ ‎【答案】years ‎【解析】考查可数名词复数的变化。句意：当我很小的时候，我父亲创造了一个定期的练习，几年后我依旧记得很清晰。a few修饰可数名词复数, 故填years.‎ ‎10．My soccer coach retired several_________( week) later.‎ ‎【答案】weeks ‎【解析】考查可数名词复数的变化。句意：我的足球教练几周后退休了。several修饰可数名词复数，故填weeks.‎ 三、名词专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ Chinese animated film Ne Zha has proved to be a big __1_____(win) in this summer's box office.Undoubtedly a dark horse, this film is likely to lift up the Chinese film industry, which has experienced a slowdown in the past several__2_____ (month).   Loosely based on the Ming Dynasty novel Fengshen Yanyi, the film is about a mythological figure, Ne Zha,   who fights against unfair destiny. Born with all kinds of unique____3____( power), Ne Zha finds himself as an _____4______(outside) hated and feared by local villagers. And the young boy must choose good and evil (邪恶) in order to break away from the fate and become one of ______5_____( hero). The movie has been greeted with favorable_____6______( review) since it hit theaters, scoring 8.7 out of 10 on China's leading film rating platform Douban. "Ne Zha is a top-quality Chinese home-grown ___7_______(animate) of recent years, thanks to its mature screenwriting, amazing visual effect as well as a unique style of_____8______ (entertain)," said a movie critic. It is also said that the___9_______( succeed) of Ne Zha shows animated films inspired by Chinese mythology are a new trend. According to the ____10____(distribute) of Ne Zha, the film will have English subtitles for overseas markets.‎ ‎1.【答案】winner ‎【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意：中国动画电影《哪吒》在今年夏天的票房中被证明是一个大赢家。a big______,需要名词形式，故填winner.‎ 2. ‎【答案】months ‎ 【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意：无疑是一匹黑马，这部电影很可能会提振中国电影业，中国电影业在过去几个月内经历了放缓。空格前several修饰可数名词复数，故填months.‎ 3. ‎【答案】powers ‎【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意：哪吒出生的时候就具有各种独特的能力，他发现自己被当地村民当作外人所憎恨和恐惧。空格前all kinds of修饰可数名词复数，故填powers.‎ ‎4.【答案】outsider ‎【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意同上。横线前有提示词an, 后面需要名词形式，故填outsider.‎ ‎ 5.【答案】heroes ‎【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意：小男孩必须在善恶之间做出选择，以摆脱命运，成为一名英雄。one of后接可数名词复数，故填heroes.‎ ‎6.【答案】reviews ‎【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意：这部电影自上映以来一直受到好评，在中国领先的电影评级平台豆瓣上，每10部电影中就有8.7分。根据语境，此处需要可数名词复数形式，故填reviews.‎ ‎7.【答案】animation ‎【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意：电影《哪吒》是近年来中国本土最优质的动画片。动画片是名词，需要将动词形式转化成名词， 故填animation.‎ ‎8.【答案】entertainment ‎【解析】考查考查词性转换。空处与句子中的screenwriting和effect并列，故填名词entertainment.‎ ‎9.【答案】success ‎【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意：也有人说，电影《哪吒》的成功表明电影灵感来自中国神话是一个新的趋势。the success of 表示 “......的成功”, 故填success.‎ ‎10.【答案】distributor ‎【解析】考查考查词性转换。句意：根据哪吒的经销商介绍，这部电影将有海外市场的英文字幕。according to后需要接名词形式，故填distributor.‎