【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习语法填空专题突破练3Word解析版 7页

‎2019版高考英语二轮复习语法填空专题突破练3 解析版 ‎1‎ Chinese are the first people to have tea.One thousand and two hundred years ago,Lu Yu wrote a book called The Classic of Tea.1.　　　　is honored as“The Bible of Tea”.The book gives a detailed 2.　　　　　　　　　(explain) of the origin,the processing skills and the classification of tea. ‎ However,Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 3.　　　　(it).Take green tea for instance,the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius.If the water is too hot,nutrients(营养) in the tea 4.　　　　(destroy).On the other hand,if the water is not hot enough,the tea 5.　　　　 (leaf) won’t open and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor.So Chinese people are accustomed 6.　　　　drinking hot tea.When you visit a Chinese friend,your friend will 7.　　　　　　　　　(constant) add hot water to your empty cup of tea.It is polite 8.　　　　(offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands.Of course,the guests should pay respect as well,9.　　　　(take) the cup with both hands. ‎ Talking about adding water to the tea cup,there is 10.　　　　 saying:Wine full,the full cup.Tea half,half cup.For wine,the full cup symbolizes whole heartiness.For tea,the half cup means modesty.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪、关于茶的俗语等。‎ ‎1.which　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“The Classic of Tea”,空处为关系词,指物,故填which。‎ ‎2.explanation　考查名词。根据空前的detailed可知,空处被形容词修饰,故用explain的名词形式。‎ ‎3.itself　考查反身代词。句意:然而,中国的茶文化远超过茶本身。据此可知,空处用反身代词itself。‎ ‎4.will be destroyed　考查动词的时态和语态。句意:如果水太热,茶叶中的营养将被破坏。根据句意可知,主语nutrients (营养) in the tea和动词destroy之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;根据该句结构可知,该句为复合句,在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,主句则用一般将来时,故空处用一般将来时的被动语态。‎ ‎5.leaves　考查名词的复数。根据常识可知,该处的茶叶为复数概念。‎ ‎6.to　考查固定搭配。be accustomed to为固定搭配,意为“习惯于……”。‎ ‎7.constantly　考查副词。根据空后的动词add可知,空处修饰该动词,故用副词形式。‎ ‎8.to offer　考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知,该句使用了“It+is/was+adj.+to do sth.”的固定句式,It为形式主语,动词不定式做真正的主语。‎ ‎9.taking　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,空处做伴随状语,且take与其逻辑主语the guests之间是主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎10.a　考查冠词。该处泛指“一句俗语”,且saying的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎2‎ Visiting Xi’an was once my dream.It became a reality when I was admitted to a training course in China along with two other 1.　　　　(lady).Finally,the day arrived 2.　　　　 I landed at Xianyang International Airport in early August.As soon as I landed,I 3.　　　　　　‎ ‎(feel) a change in the atmosphere.I saw people standing in queues 4.　　　　　　　(wait) for their turn at the immigration desk.Afterwards,we were transported to the office in the International Exhibition Centre.China had invited participants 5.　　　　　　 twenty-three developing countries to share digital television broadcasting techniques with them. ‎ In my 20 days in Xi’an,I got the opportunity to observe Chinese culture closely,6.　　　　　　 thus it left an unforgettable mark on me.Now,Xi’an is like my second home.Since I came back to Pakistan,I have been missing Xi’an 7.　　　　　　(bad). ‎ My 20-day stay in Xi’an was 8.　　　　　　 great experience.It was a learning opportunity,and also a chance to 9.　　　　　　　(broad) my understanding of diversity.I learned that despite differences of colors,heights,races and religions,all human beings 10.　　　　　　　　　　　　(tie) by the bond of humanity,and that the future of nations is global with development and peace. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】作者是一个巴基斯坦人,到西安旅行了20天,与魅力西安进行了亲密接触,这是让她终生难忘的一段经历。‎ ‎1.ladies　考查名词。本句中的two说明这里应该使用可数名词的复数形式,此处指作者与另外两个女士一起在中国参加一项训练课程。‎ ‎2.when　考查定语从句。本句中含有一个定语从句,先行词是day,when引导定语从句并在从句中做时间状语。‎ ‎3.felt　考查动词的时态。作者讲述的是过去的事情,所以应用一般过去时。故填felt。‎ ‎4.waiting　考查非谓语动词。句中standing in queues是后置定语解释people,而作者看到的是这些人正在排队。‎ ‎5.from　考查介词。本句中的twenty-three developing countries是本句中的participants的来源,故填from。‎ ‎6.and　考查连词。正是因为在西安的20天让作者亲密接触了中国文化,而且让自己印象深刻。两句话之间是顺承关系,所以用and连接并列句。‎ ‎7.badly　考查副词。作者回到巴基斯坦之后,非常怀念在西安的日子,这里用badly表示强烈的心情,badly意为“非常”。‎ ‎8.a　考查冠词。作者认为自己在西安停留的20天是一次很棒的经历,experience意为“经历”时是可数名词,故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎9.broaden　考查动词。本句中的to是一个不定式符号,所以用broad对应的动词broaden,意为“拓宽”。‎ ‎10.are tied　考查动词的时态和语态。本句中虽然使用了learned,但是其后的宾语从句是客观事实,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。 ‎ ‎3‎ Summer is almost here,and the weather is heating up.1.　　　　you drink enough water every day?Many kids don’t,according to a new study 2.　　　　　　　　(publish) in the American Journal of Public Health. ‎ Erica Kenney,a 3.　　　　　　　(science) at Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health,originally planned to look into the amount of sugary drinks that kids were consuming in schools.However,4.　　　　she was doing the research,she noticed that many kids were 5.　　　　　　　(simple) not drinking enough water. ‎ Kenney and her team examined figures from a group of 4,000 children aged from 6 to 19,between the years of 2009 and 2012.While looking through the survey results,she ‎ ‎6.　　　　(find) that more than half of the kids were dehydrated(脱水的).‎ A lack 7.　　　　　water can lead to health problems such as headaches,poor physical performance,and even more serious problems.Your body needs more water when you are in hot climates,when you are physically active,and when you have a fever. ‎ Kenney said,“8.　　　　　is good news that this public health problem has a simple solution.If we can focus on encouraging kids 9.　　　　　　　　(drink) more water — a low-cost,sugar-free drink — we can improve their drinking habits,which may allow many kids to feel 10.　　　　　　　　(great) throughout the day and do better in school.” ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,一项调查表明,许多在校的孩子没有喝足够的水,超过半数的孩子处于脱水状态。‎ ‎1.Do　考查一般疑问句和时态。根据该句中的“you drink enough water every day”可以判断,该句为一般疑问句,且问的是经常发生的动作,故用一般现在时。‎ ‎2.published　考查非谓语动词。a new study和动词publish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词做后置定语。‎ ‎3.scientist　考查名词。根据该句中的不定冠词a可知,该处用名词,表示“一位科学家”。‎ ‎4.when/while/as　考查状语从句的引导词。根据该句中的进行时态“she was doing the research”并结合语境可以判断,此处表示“当她进行研究时,她注意到许多孩子根本没有喝足量的水”。when/while/as都表示“当……时候”。‎ ‎5.simply　考查副词。空处修饰动词,故用副词形式。‎ ‎6.found　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“the kids were”并结合语境可知,该处陈述的是过去发生的事,故用一般过去时。‎ ‎7.of　考查固定搭配。a lack of为固定搭配,意为“缺乏”。‎ ‎8.It　考查代词。分析该句结构可知,该句为包含that引导的主语从句的主从复合句,It作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。‎ ‎9.to drink　考查动词不定式。encourage sb.to do sth.为固定搭配,故此处用动词不定式。‎ ‎10.greater　考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“and do better in school”可知,空处与此对应,应用形容词的比较级。‎ ‎4‎ ‎(2018河北石家庄教学质量检测)‎ In many places like Britain and Italy,if you leave the house without your wallet,you’ll be in a tough situation all day.But in China,you can enjoy your day just 1.　　　　　　 a smart phone. ‎ The other day,I set out 2.　　　　　　　　　　(see) how far a phone would get me in the country’s capital.Admittedly,I was surprised to discover how 3.　　　　　　　　(convenience) it was. ‎ I used my phone to call a taxi to meet my Chinese friend,Gu Yu,4.　　　　　　 would guide me to get around Beijing.We paid for breakfast by 5.　　　　　　　　(scan) a QR code on the window of a restaurant selling jianbing,one of China’s most popular street breakfasts.My purchase cost 6 yuan and 6.　　　　　　(take) just a few seconds.At a nearby coffee shop,7.　　　　　　(it) owner scanned a QR code on my phone.As we sipped our coffee,Gu Yu paid her household water bill.She used the same simple process to pay other bills and even her rent.We also paid by phone for movie tickets,takeout food,shopping and for 8.　　　　(deliver). ‎ I have known from Gu Yu that from tiny street stands to large chains,9.　　　　　　 huge number of people accept mobile payment,10.　　　　　　(most) through popular apps. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】作者讲述了自己在中国和朋友一起用手机进行移动支付的经历,包括打车、吃饭、交各种费用、买票、购物等,不需要带钱包,只要带一部手机,就可以很愉快地度过一天。‎ ‎1.with　考查介词。空格处所在句的主干部分是完整的,　　　a smart phone做状语,意思是“用一部智能手机”,故填with,表示“用”。 ‎ ‎2.to see　考查非谓语动词。set out to do sth.“打算/计划做某事”,为固定用法。‎ ‎3.convenient　考查形容词。此处为how引导的宾语从句,空格处在从句中做系动词was的表语,且前面有how修饰,故要用形容词。‎ ‎4.who　考查定语从句。从结构上看,空格处是关系代词,引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“my Chinese friend,Gu Yu”,指人,并且在从句中做主语,故填who。‎ ‎5.scanning　考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词by可知,空格处做介词的宾语,因此填动名词scanning。‎ ‎6.took　考查动词的时态。根据句子的主语My purchase及谓语动词cost可知,and连接的并列谓语应用过去式,故填took。‎ ‎7.its　考查代词。根据空格前的地点状语“At a nearby coffee shop”可知,句子的主语是这家咖啡店的老板,因此应用形容词性物主代词its做owner的定语。‎ ‎8.delivery　考查名词。根据空格前的介词for可知,空格处做介词的宾语,for delivery“送货”为常用搭配。‎ ‎9.a　考查固定短语。a huge number of是固定短语,意思是“许多”,修饰可数名词复数。‎ ‎10.mostly　考查副词。空格处做状语,修饰介词短语through popular apps Alipay and WeChat,故填mostly,意思是“主要地,通常,多半”。‎ ‎5‎ Many of Van Gogh’s paintings were inspired by warm,yellow sunlight because he loved how it could light up the world in different ways.His painting Sunflowers,for example,1.　　　　(fill) with vivid yellows and browns.These colors give 2.　　　　　painting a feeling of warmth and well-being.However,the sunflowers are actually dead and dying. ‎ The result is a painting that combines the warmth of life that Van Gogh loved 3.　　　　　the feelings of sadness that were all around him.It is a painting that is warm,beautiful and sad all at the same time. ‎ Van Gogh’s most famous painting,The Starry Night,takes this 4.　　　　　　　(mix) of joy and sadness one step further.It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows 5.　　　　　　　represent the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he 6.　　　　　　　　(paint),rather than what he was actually seeing. ‎ This is why Van Gogh’s 7.　　　　　　(image) in his painting look more imagined than real.The stars and moon in The Starry Night are 8.　　　　　　　　(unusual) bright,9.　　　　　　(they) light swirling(旋动) above the darkening hills.A tree that looks like black fire cuts through the view of the night,10.　　　　(interrupt) its beauty. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了凡·高作品的艺术特点。‎ ‎1.is filled　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句缺少谓语,主语是His painting Sunflowers,谓语动词应用单数,且此处表示一种客观事实,应用一般现在时,再结合固定搭配be filled with 可知,填is filled。‎ ‎2.the　考查冠词。前面提到了Sunflowers这幅画,此处表特指,应用the。‎ ‎3.with　考查介词。固定搭配combine...with...意为“把……和……结合”,符合语境。‎ ‎4.mixture　考查名词。动词后面接名词做宾语。‎ ‎5.which/that　考查定语从句。本句是定语从句。先行词是物,且从句中缺少主语。‎ ‎6.was painting　考查时态。下文的“rather than what he was actually seeing”表明此处也应该用过去进行时。‎ ‎7.images　考查名词的数。他作品中的形象不止一个,且根据谓语动词look可知,应用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎8.unusually　考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词。‎ ‎9.their　考查代词。名词前需要使用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎10.interrupting　考查非谓语动词。interrupt与句子主语是主谓关系,且空处与谓语动词之间无连词连接,所以用动词-ing形式做状语。‎ ‎6‎ We all know that the Friday after Thanksgiving means a mad dash to the shopping centre for ridiculous sales.But how did this bargain shopping get 1.　　　　　(it) start? ‎ The first Black Friday actually had nothing 2.　　　　(do) with Thanksgiving or shopping.The origin of Black Friday as we know it today started in Philadelphia during the 1950s and 1960s.Crowds of people would come to town the day after Thanksgiving for the annual Army-Navy football game 3.　　　　　　　(hold) the following Saturday.Streets and 4.　　　　　　(store) were always crowded,which was great for business but made easy-pickings for shoplifters(行窃者).Local police called this“Black Friday”.Not only did they have to deal with extra traffic 5.　　　　shoplifting,but they had to work extra hours and couldn’t request the day off. ‎ The term didn’t go national 6.　　　　　　the late 1980s,but the 7.　　　　　　　　(explain) changed.While shopkeepers 8.　　　　　　　　(general) suffered financial losses most of the year,the increase of holiday shoppers marked the first day of real profit.In traditional accounting(会计)practices a few years ago,losses 9.　　　　(record) in red ink,and profits in black ink.And so,the day after Thanksgiving,10.　　　　companies go“into the black”and make a profit,became Black Friday. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了黑色星期五的起源。‎ ‎1.its　考查代词。根据空后的名词start可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎2.to do　考查固定用法。have nothing to do with意为“与……没有关系”,为固定用法。‎ ‎3.to be held　考查非谓语动词。game与hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处可用to be held。‎ ‎4.stores　考查名词复数。store作“商店”讲时,为可数名词,根据前面的Streets可知,空处用复数形式。‎ ‎5.and　考查连词。extra traffic与shoplifting是并列的,所以用and连接。‎ ‎6.until　考查固定用法。not...until...表示“直到……才”。‎ ‎7.explanation　考查名词。因为前面是the且空处做主语,所以用名词形式。‎ ‎8.generally　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词。‎ ‎9.were recorded　考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语a few years ago可知,应用一般过去时;record与losses之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以应用被动语态。‎ ‎10.when　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中做时间状语,故填when。‎ ‎7‎ Located in the northwest of Hunan Province,about 300 kilometers away from Changsha,capital of Hunan,Zhangjiajie,1.　　　　covers a total area of 9,563 square kilometers,is a tourist city for its unique natural scenery and abundant tourism resources.Zhangjiajie 2.　　　　　　　　(award) the title of“World Geological Park”in 2004.3.　　　　(actual),Zhangjiajie,honored as“the most fantastic mountain under heaven”and“a walking Chinese landscape painting”,is also widely praised as “4.　　　　enlarged potted landscaping”“a mini fairyland”and“a maze(迷宫)of nature”,attracting a growing number of tourists 5.　　　　home and abroad. ‎ Since it was discovered in the 1980s,tourism industry 6.　　　　(become) the leading industry in Zhangjiajie,which has stimulated the development of other industries ‎ ‎7.　　　　(relate) to tourism.At the same time,eco-tourism has been developed rapidly in Zhangjiajie.When you come to Zhangjiajie,you can fully appreciate 8.　　　　(it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk custom as well as other thrilling tourist 9.　　　　　　　(activity),and you will be deeply impressed by 10.　　　　　　is performed by the minorities there. ‎ It must be an exciting,joyful and unforgettable tour to Zhangjiajie.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了湖南张家界的地理位置、荣誉称号、旅游业的发展等情况。‎ ‎1.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Zhangjiajie,关系词在从句中做主语,故用which。‎ ‎2.was awarded　考查动词的时态和语态。主语Zhangjiajie和动词award之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态;根据该句中的时间状语“in 2004”可知,应用一般过去时。‎ ‎3.Actually　考查副词。空处修饰整个句子,故用副词形式。‎ ‎4.an　考查冠词。根据语境可知,该处泛指“一幅放大的缩略风景画”,空后的enlarged的读音以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。‎ ‎5.from/at　考查介词。这里指“吸引了来自国内外的大量游客”,故用from或at。‎ ‎6.has become　考查时态。根据该句中的“Since”可知,空处表示过去的动作对现在的影响,故用现在完成时。‎ ‎7.related　考查非谓语动词。名词industries和动词relate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且be related to为固定搭配,故用过去分词做名词的后置定语。‎ ‎8.its　考查代词。根据该句中的“magnificent natural scenery”可知,应用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎9.activities　考查名词的数。张家界景点的旅游活动有多种,故用复数形式。‎ ‎10.what　考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,做介词by的宾语,且空处在从句中做主语,故用what。‎ ‎8‎ In my early twenties,I worked in Kuwait(科威特)for several years.One day,a local workmate warned us of a 1.　　　　(come) sandstorm.I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like 2.　　　　　　I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself.I received an 3.　　　　(amaze) look ‎ because he thought I was crazy.A Chinese workmate joined me.We stepped off our factory building 4.　　　　　our eyes half closed,our mouths closed and our faces covered.We felt safe for the next half hour so we decided to go even 5.　　　　(far). ‎ Passing through several streets,we saw no one but only rubbish here and there.An hour later,I still couldn’t bear to keep my eyes 6.　　　　　(wide) open.It was time for dinner and ‎ ‎7.　　　　was pretty dangerous that the sandstorm was going on and getting stronger.So we went inside a small shop,8.　　　　　I could clearly see sand on the floor and bought some food.I was happy that 9.　　　　sandstorm stopped afterwards and we finally returned to our factory,safe.This was the first time I 10.　　　　(experience) sandstorms and I don’t ever want to be in one again. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者和一位中国同事不顾其他同事的劝告走出工厂去体验沙尘暴的经历。‎ ‎1.coming　考查形容词。空处修饰名词sandstorm,故用形容词形式,此处表示“即将到来的沙尘暴”。coming为形容词,意为“即将来临的”。‎ ‎2.so/and　考查连词。句意:我从来没有看过沙尘暴是什么样子,(所以)我告诉他我要出去亲自看看。根据空处语境可知,空处前后句之间为并列关系或因果关系。‎ ‎3.amazed　考查形容词。空处修饰名词“look”,形容人的表情,故用amazed。‎ ‎4.with　考查介词。根据空后的“our eyes half closed,our mouths closed and our faces covered”可以判断,该句使用了with的复合结构“with sth.done”。‎ ‎5.farther/further　考查比较级。根据该句中的“even”可以判断,此处表示“我们决定走得更远一点”,故用far的比较级。‎ ‎6.wide　考查副词。空处修饰形容词open,故用副词形式;wide本身就有副词词性,意为“完全地”。注意:此处不能填widely,widely主要表示距离远、范围大、地域广等。‎ ‎7.it　考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知,句中that引导的从句为真正的主语,空处是形式主语,故用it。‎ ‎8.where　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,先行词为shop,关系词在从句中做地点状语,故用where引导该定语从句。‎ ‎9.the　考查冠词。该处特指上文提及的sandstorm,故用定冠词the。‎ ‎10.had experienced　考查动词的时态。根据“This was the first time”可知,从句用过去完成时。‎