2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit5Firstaid单元学案（21页word版） 21页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit 5First aid单元学案 ‎【一】单元基础词汇语法搜索 Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．A serious lack of water is a real________(屏障，障碍) for people wanting to settle in the desert.‎ 答案：　barrier ‎2．My toothache is________(难以忍受的)，so I must go to see my dentist.‎ 答案：　unbearable ‎3．Although it was a________(复杂的) problem，he solved it in a very simple way.‎ 答案：　complex ‎4．As everybody knows，cancer doesn’t show any________(症状) in its early stages.‎ 答案：　symptoms ‎5．These days，I can’t fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great________(压力) on me.‎ 答案：　pressure ‎6．The bridge was damaged by a flood，so a________(临时的) one was built in its place.‎ 答案：　temporary ‎7．The heart is one of the most important________(器官) in our bodies.‎ 答案：　organs ‎8．When the doctor applied the________(绷带) to my eyes I couldn’t see anything.‎ 答案：　bandage ‎9．Last week，Mr Black attended his son’s graduation ________ (典礼)．‎ 答案：　ceremony ‎10．The old man that suffered a heart attack was immediately taken to hospital by an________(救护车)．‎ 答案：　ambulance Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．first 　　　　　　　　　　　急救 ‎2．electric 　　　 触电；电休克 ‎3．over and over 　　　 反复；多次 ‎4．a of　　　 若干；许多 ‎5．carry 　　　 进行，开展 ‎6． ...from/against　　　 保护……以免受侵害 ‎7．fall 　　　 生病 ‎8．squeeze 　　　 榨出；挤出 aid shock again number out protect ill out ‎9． place　　　 在适当的位置；适当 ‎10． one’s hands on　　　 找到 ‎11．belong 　　　 属于 ‎12．make a 　　　 有影响，产生差别 in put to difference Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ Remove clothing using scissors ________ ________ ________ it is stuck to the burn.‎ 答案：　if necessary unless ‎ ‎2．约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。‎ John________ ________in his room________he heard screaming.‎ 答案：　was studying；when ‎3．正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。‎ ‎________ ________John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid ________saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 答案：　It was；that ‎4．毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 答案：　There is no doubt that ‎5．这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。 ‎ It shows that a knowledge of first aid can________ ________ ________ ________.‎ 答案：　make a real difference aid n．& vt.帮助，援助；资助 教材原句P33：First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。‎ ‎①We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes in the earthquake in Sichuan Province.‎ 我们正集资以资助那些在四川地震中失去家园的人。‎ ‎②An EnglishChinese Dictionary is an important aid in learning English.一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要工具。‎ ‎③With the aid of our English teacher，we have made great progress this term.‎ 在英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。‎ ‎④I didn’t speak any French，but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.‎ 我不会说法语，不过一个好心人帮了我的忙，告诉我怎么走。 ‎ ‎⑤I aided the poor girl in continuing her study.‎ 我帮助这个可怜的女孩继续她的学业。‎ ‎1.完成句子 They collected a lot of money__________________________(以帮助那位可怜的小女孩)．‎ 答案：　in aid of the poor girl vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 教材原句P35：If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.‎ 如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。‎ ‎(1)be vital for/to sth.对……极重要的 ‎(2)在It is vital that句型中，that从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，‎ 即(should)＋动词原形。‎ ‎①Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.‎ 对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。‎ ‎②Richard played a vital role in the team’s success.‎ 理查德对本队的成功起了至关重要的作用。‎ ‎③It’s vital that we (should) carry out the operation immediately.我们应立即开始手术，因为这是生死攸关的。‎ ‎2.完成句子 众所周知阅读在语言学习中至关重要。‎ It is known to us that reading____________________in language learning.‎ 答案：　is of vital importance treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待；n.款待；招待 教材原句P38：John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands.‎ 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。‎ ‎①We treat each other as brothers and sisters.‎ 我们把彼此看作兄弟姐妹。‎ ‎②He is seriously ill，and is being treated in hospital now.‎ 他病得很重，现在在医院接受治疗。‎ ‎③She treated each of the children to an icecream.‎ 她请每个孩子吃了个冰激凌。‎ ‎④Let’s go out for dinner—my treat this time.‎ 咱们出去吃饭吧！——这次我请客。‎ ‎3.—Let’s go Dutch for this supper，OK?‎ ‎—No，________this time，as a reward for all your help.‎ A．it’s up to you　　　 B．it’s my treat C．let’s talk about it　　　D．it doesn’t matter 解析：　句意为：“这顿晚饭让我们AA制吧。”“不，这次由我请客，作为对你的帮助的回报。”A项意为“由你做决定”；B项意为“由我请客”；C项意为“让我们讨论一下”；D项意为“没关系”。‎ 答案：　B apply v．应用；运用；申请；请求 教材原句P38：He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。‎ apply for申请，请求 apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物 apply to适用于 apply oneself to致力于，集中精力于 ‎①I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company.‎ 我想申请成为你们公司的助理。‎ ‎②She applied for a job as an English teacher.‎ 她应聘英语教师的工作。‎ ‎③We had to apply to the government for financial help.‎ 我们只好向政府申请财务援助。‎ ‎④What you said doesn’t apply to me.你所说的并不适合我。‎ ‎⑤You’d better apply yourself to your study.你最好专心学习。‎ ‎4.(2009·浙江卷)The good thing about children is that they______ very easily to new environments.‎ A．adapt　　　 B．appeal C．attach　　　 D．apply 解析：　句意为：作为孩子的好处是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to为固定短语，意为“适应”。‎ 答案：　A ‎5．(2011·江西吉安模拟)Now a lot of new technologies can ________ problems in industry.‎ A．be applied to solve　　 B．be applied to solving C．apply to solve　　　 D．apply to solving 解析：　考查动词搭配。apply...to...表示“把……应用到……上”，其中to为介词。‎ 答案：　B in place在适当的位置；适当 教材原句P35：Hold the bandage in place with tape.‎ 用胶布把绷带固定。‎ ‎①I like to have everything in place.‎ 我喜欢样样事都恰得其所。‎ ‎②You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to ‎ put the book in place.‎ 只要你保证把书放回原处，书架上的书你可以随意看。‎ out of place不适当的 in one’s place处在某人的位置上 take the place of sb.＝take one’s place代替某人的位置 ‎③Being poor，he felt completely out of place among those rich people.他出生贫寒，处在富人圈中让他感到很不适宜。‎ ‎④If I had been in your place，I might have accepted the invitation.我要是处在你的位置，我可能接受了这份邀请。‎ ‎⑤It’s likely that computers will take the place of mankind in the future.有可能未来电脑将代替人类。 ‎ ‎6.Don’t take anything away.Father likes____________________(一切东西摆放得有条理)．‎ 答案：　everything to be in place make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 教材原句P38：It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ ‎①It isn’t what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。‎ ‎②Thank you so much for making me feel important and showing me that I could make a difference.‎ 谢谢你让我觉得自己很重要，让我知道我可以产生影响。‎ ‎(1)make no difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或 ‎　影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧 make some difference (to sb./sth.)对某人 /物有些作用或影响 ‎(2)tell the difference 分辨，区分，区别 ‎③Does it make any difference whether she will come to our party?‎ 她来不来参加我们的聚会有什么关系吗？‎ ‎④That makes no difference to me what you say.‎ 你说什么对我都没关系。‎ ‎⑤It won’t make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.你今天还是明天走没有多大关系。‎ ‎⑥The twins are so alike；it’s difficult to tell the difference.‎ 这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。‎ ‎7.—Does he know which team wins?‎ ‎—No，it makes no________to him which team wins，because he doesn’t care about it at all.‎ A．different　　　 B．difference C．attention　　　 D．excuse 解析：　no后接名词，排除A；attention要与动词pay搭配；make excuse to“向某人道歉”，不合题意；make no difference to sb.意为“对某人没有影响”。‎ 答案：　B Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.‎ 除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ unless是连词，意为“除非，如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。‎ ‎①We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.‎ 除非下雨或天很冷，我们将在本周日去公园野餐。‎ ‎②We’ll go out for a tour this Sunday，unless it rains.‎ ‎＝If it doesn’t rain，we’ll go out for a tour this Sunday.‎ 除非下雨，否则这个星期日我们将出去郊游。‎ ‎③Unless you’ve tried it，you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.‎ 除非你尝试一下，否则你无法想像那是多么令人愉快。‎ ‎8.(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The little boy won’t go to sleep________his mother tells him a story.‎ A．or　　　 B．unless C．but　　　 D．whether 解析：　句意为：除非妈妈给他讲故事，否则小男孩就不去睡觉。本题考查连词。or或者，否则；unless除非；but但，除……之外；whether 是否。根据语境可知，这里用unless表示“除非……否则……”。‎ 答案：　B ‎9．It is known to all that________you exercise regularly，you won’t keep good health.‎ A．unless　　　 B．whenever C．although　　　 D．if 解析：　这是一个由unless引导的条件句，从句一般用现在时，主句用将来时。whenever和although引导让步状语从句，if引导条件句。‎ 答案：　A John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。‎ when在此作并列连词用，意为“正在这时；那时”，构成并列句，这时前面的分句常用过去进行时、过去完成时，或was/were about to do。‎ be doing...when...正在……这时……‎ be about to do...when...正打算做……这时……‎ be just going to do...when...正要……这时……‎ be on the point of doing...when...正要……这时 ‎①I was walking along the stream when I met my English teacher.我在沿着小溪散步时遇到了我的英语老师。‎ ‎②I was about to go out when the telephone rang.‎ 我正打算出去，这时电话响了。 ‎ ‎③I was on the point of calling him when he came in.‎ 我正要给他打电话，这时他进来了。‎ ‎④We was about to leave when a big noise came from the next room.我们正要离开时隔壁发出了巨大的响声。‎ ‎⑤We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。‎ ‎10.She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out ________ she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.‎ A．while　　　 B．when C．before　　　 D．after 解析：　句意为：她猛地睁开眼睛，刚要哭，这时她听到她父亲急忙告诉她要保持安静。be about to do sth.when...为固定句型，其中的when为并列连词，相当于and at that time。‎ 答案：　B ‎11．—Where’s that report?‎ ‎—I brought it to you________you were in Mr Black’s office yesterday.‎ A．if　　　 B．when C．because　　　 D．before 解析：　句意为 ：“那份报告在哪里？”“昨天在布莱克先生办公室的时候我给你了。”根据语意判断，此处应为时间状语，故选when。‎ 答案：　B Ⅰ.选词填空 fall ill；over and over again；make a difference；prevent...from；a variety of；stick to；take part in；no doubt ‎1．That my neighbor sang the same song__________________ ______every day really annoyed me.‎ 答案：　over and over again ‎2．Due to his injuries，Tom didn’t__________________the school sports meet.‎ 答案：　take part in ‎3．Parents are always trying their best to________their children ________being hurt.‎ 答案：　prevent；from ‎4．Students should be encouraged to attend_________ _________afterschool activities.‎ 答案：　a variety of ‎5．Jack__________________this morning so he had to go to hospital.‎ 答案：　fell ill ‎6．She__________________what she said in yesterday’s meeting and nobody can change her mind.‎ 答案：　sticks to ‎7．The words spoken by our teacher in class will________ ________to us all.‎ 答案：　make a difference ‎8．There is__________________that body language is a very important means of communication.‎ 答案：　no doubt Ⅱ.情景交际 ‎1．(2010·辽宁卷)—I’ll do the washingup.Jack，would you please do the floors?‎ ‎—________.‎ A．Yes，please　　　　　　 B．No，I don’t C．Yes，sure　　　 D．No，not at all 解析：　第一个人说：“我来洗餐具。杰克，你来拖地板，好吗？”答语为“当然可以”。根据语境选C项。‎ 答案：　C ‎2．(2010·安徽卷)—Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?‎ ‎—________，does it?‎ A．It takes no time　　　 B．It counts for nothing C．It doesn’t hurt to ask　　　 D．It doesn’t make sense 解析：　根据答语中的反意疑问部分可知前半句是否定句，由此可排除前两项。C项的意思是“问一下没关系”，符合语境。‎ 答案：　C ‎3．(2010·安徽卷)—________？‎ ‎—That would be great！Please drop me off at the library.‎ A．Could you bring me the bill B．Would you like me to give you a lift C．Could you tell me the postcode for Paris D．Would you like to have my email address 解析：　答语的第二句提到说话人想让对方在图书馆处让其下车，由此可知对方想让说话人搭便车。‎ 答案：　B ‎4．(2010·天津卷)—Excuse me，I wonder if you can help me?‎ ‎—Sure.________？‎ A．What help　　　 B．What is this C．What is it　　　 D．What do you want 解析：　句意为：——打扰一下，你能帮我吗？——当然可以。帮什么忙？C项符合语境，其中it指代谈话双方都知道的事情。‎ 答案：　C ‎5．(2010·天津卷)—Professor Johnson，I’m afraid I can’t finish the report within this week.‎ ‎—________.How about next week?‎ A．Good for you　　　 B．It won’t bother me C．Not at all　　　 D．That’s OK 解析：　That’s OK表示理解和宽容，意为“那没关系”。Not at all是感谢的应答语。‎ 答案：　D Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——省略 Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1. (2011·唐山二模)The global warming，if not properly________，might ‎ lead to more natural disasters.‎ A．was controlled　　　 B．controlled C．to control　　　 D．being controlled 解析：　考查省略。句意为：全球变暖，如果不适当控制，可能导致更多的自然灾难。if not properly controlled是if it is not properly controlled的省略。‎ 答案：　B ‎2．(2011·重庆第二次诊断)She left home without dinner as if ________.‎ A．she is angry　　　 B．being angry C．to be angry　　　 D．angry 解析：　考查as if从句的省略。在as if引导的方式状语从句中，如果从句中的动词是be，通常将从句中的主语和动词be省略，而保留as if＋形容词、分词、动词不定式等。题干为She left home without dinner as if (she was) angry，从句省略后保留表语angry。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．(2011·郑州第二次检测)You can go to the party with us if you________.‎ A．want to　　　 B．want to do C．want it　　　 D．want to go 解析：　考查动词不定式的省略。句意为：你可以和我们一起参加派对，如果你愿意的话。前文出现了动词短语go to the party，因此在if引导的状语从句中可以只保留动词不定式符号to。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．(2010·绵阳市第三次诊断)If you go to Jiuzhaigou Valley today，you will find it more attractive than commonly________.‎ A．supposing　　　 B．to suppose C．being supposed　　　 D．supposed 解析：　考查非谓语动词的用法。suppose与其逻辑主语it是动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式表被动。‎ 答案：　D ‎5．—What’s the matter with Della?‎ ‎—Well，her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party，but she still________.‎ A．hopes to　　　 B．hopes so C．hopes not　　　 D．hopes for 解析：　句意为：——Della怎么了？——哦，她父母不让她去参加晚会，但她仍然希望去参加。hope后再次出现前面出现过的不定式短语to go to the party，为避免重复只用不定式符号to代替。so用来代替前面表示肯定意义的句子；not代替前面表示否定意义的句子；for不起替代作用。‎ 答案：　A 单元知识高考题型链接 Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2018·长春监测二)‎ On the first day of her work, Sally found that a class full of problems was waiting for her. She was told six teachers __1__ (quit) before her. When she walked into the classroom, it was chaos: two boys were fighting in a corner, yet __2__ rest of the class seemed not to notice them; some girls were chatting and some were running about with paper, food packages and other garbage __3__ (leave) everywhere.‎ Sally walked onto the platform, __4__ (pick) up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard：“Rule 1：We are a family！” All students stopped __5__ (look) at her. And she continued with Rule 2, Rule 3... In the following weeks, Sally worked out 10 class rules and posted them __6__ the wall of the classroom. She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.‎ ‎__7__ (surprise), Sally was not driven out like the former teachers; __8__， she won respect from the students. Over the years, she has witnessed gradual changes in the class. At the graduation ceremony, just __9__ she expected, she was very proud to stand with a class of care, manners and __10__ (confident)．‎ 体裁：记叙文　题材：文化教育　主题：课堂规则 ‎【语篇导读】　本文讲述了一名老师通过努力制定课堂规则，最终感化学生的故事。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：had quit(ted)　考查动词的时态。句意为：她被告知在她之前已有六位老师辞职。根据语境，quit的动作发生在was told之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had quit(ted)。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。句意为：当她走进教室的时候，教室里一片混乱：两个男孩在角落里打架，而班里剩下的人好像根本没注意到他们；一些女孩在聊天，一些人在到处跑，到处都是纸、食品袋和其他垃圾。the rest of为固定短语，意为“其余的”。故填the。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：left　考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，逻辑主语为paper，food packages and other garbage，与动词leave之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填left。‎ ‎ 4.答案与解析：picked　考查动词的时态。句意为：萨莉走上讲台，拿起一支粉笔在黑板上写下：“规则1：我们是一家人！”分析句子结构可知，设空处与walked和wrote为并列的谓语动词，因此，应用一般过去时，故填picked。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：to look　考查非谓语动词。句意为：所有学生都停下来看着她。此处指学生停下正在做的事情来看她，stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”。故填to look。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：on/onto　考查介词。句意为：接下来的几周，萨莉制定了10条班级规则，并把它们张贴在教室的墙上。post...‎ ‎ on/onto...意为“把……张贴在……上”，故填on或onto。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：Surprisingly　考查词性转换。句意为：令人惊讶的是，萨莉并没有像之前的老师那样被赶走，反而赢得了学生们的尊重。设空处在句中作评注性状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词。故填Surprisingly。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：instead　考查副词。句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，上下文是对比关系，设空处表示“而不是；相反”。故填instead。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：as　考查定语从句。句意为：在毕业典礼上，正如她所期待的那样，她非常自豪地与一个细心、礼貌并且自信的班级站在一起。本句是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰整个句子，且位于句首，根据句意可知，设空处表示“正如”。故填as。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：confidence　考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。设空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词，故填confidence。‎ 语法填空 ‎(2018·广西重点高中二模)‎ In human history, many ancient and splendid civilizations were born and died. China is the only country __1__ uninterrupted human civilization. Chinese civilization was born on the shores of the Yellow River. And the rich land __2__ Chinese civilization began is Henan Province.‎ The Yellow River goes across __3__ (center) Henan. It is China's main northtosouth and easttowest artery (干线). China's most ancient tribal __4__ (lead), the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor, were born here. Even today, Chinese people all over the world still __5__ (proud) call themselves the descendants (后裔) of these two emperors.‎ The river holds __6__ unshakable position in the heart of every Chinese, __7__ (respect) by every generation and called “the Mother River”. With intelligence, hard work and determination, Chinese deseendants pursue coexistence and common prosperity on this land. The 5, 464kmlong Yellow River breaks the last barrier and flows into the broad plain, __8__ (form) the cradle (摇篮) of Chinese civilization.‎ Till now, the Yellow River __9__ (raise) 13 dynasties' capital Luoyang, 8 dynasties' capital Kaifeng and the biggest economic center in __10__ (it) area — Zhengzhou.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了黄河对早期黄河流域人类文明产生的深远影响。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：with　考查介词。中国是唯一一个拥有未被打断过的人类文明的国家。此处表示“有”，故填介词with。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：‎ where　考查关系副词。这片孕育了中华文明的肥沃土地就位于河南省。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：central　考查形容词。空处位于专有名词Henan前面，应填一个形容词作定语，表示“中心的”。故填central。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：leaders　考查名词。中国最早的部落首领炎黄二帝诞生于此。根据句意可知，此处应填复数名词leaders“首领，领袖”。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：proudly　考查副词。空处修饰动词call，故用副词proudly。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：an　考查冠词。黄河在每一个中国人心中的地位都是不可动摇的。position“位置”是可数名词，此处表泛指，故填不定冠词；且空处位于发音以元音音素开头的单词前，应用an。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：respected　考查非谓语动词。黄河受每代人的尊敬，被称为“母亲河”。分析句子结构可知，respect与The river之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填respected。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：forming　考查非谓语动词。5 464公里长的黄河冲破了最后的壁垒，流入广袤的平原之中，形成了中华文明的摇篮。分析句子结构可知，form与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：has raised　考查动词的时态。黄河孕育了13朝古都洛阳，8朝古都开封以及其流域内最大的经济中心——郑州。由句中的时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：its　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰area，故填its。‎