【英语】2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit3　Traveljournal单元学案设计（23页含有详细解析） 29页

I am an 18­year­old middle school student.I have been busy with my study and seldom have I helped my parents with the housework (倒装句式)．Feeling quite sorry for that (现在分词短语作状 语), I begin to think about what to do to help. Last Sunday, when my parents went out shopping, I suddenly got an idea.Why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning? Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms (过去分词短语作定语) and put them in place.Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture.After that, I swept and mopped the floor. At this moment, my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floor shinny.My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes.Tired as I was (让 步状语从句), I never felt so happy. I am an 18­year­old middle school student.Last weekend I did something special, which_makes_the_weekend_meaningful_ and_unforgettable (使这个周末有意义且难忘。使用非限制性 定语从句)．Here is how the story goes. On Sunday morning, I got up at eight o’clock as usual, walking into the living room and finding my breakfast on the table.I knew that my parents had left home to the hospital and would be back by noon.Having_finished_my_breakfast (吃完早 餐 。 使 用 现 在 分 词 作 状 语 ), I lay on the sofa at ease, reading_a_novel (看小说。使用现在分词作状语)．Two hours past quickly, my parents had not come back yet and I began to feel bored.At that time, it suddenly occurred to me that I could get the lunch ready so that my mom need not do it after coming home.So_excited_was_I_at_this_idea_that_I_set_to_work_imm ediately (一想到这个主意，我非常兴奋，以至于我决定立即 动 手 。 使 用 倒 装 句 式 ). I decided to make tomato noodles because we all like eating them.Firstly, I washed the tomatoes and cut them into pieces.Then I heated the water.After that, I put tomatoes and noodles into it and heated until they were eatable.At last, I added some flavoring into it. At 11 o’clock, my parents got home, amazed_at_what_I_ had_done (对我所做的事情感到惊讶。使用形容词作状语). Feeling happy and proud, I made up my mind to do more housework from then on. 2018 届人教版必修 1 一轮复习：Unit 3　Travel journal 单元学案设计 单元话题写作 　第三层级——背范文、学润色，让作文洋气十足 (2013·陕西高考)假定你是李华。请根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记，记述你 周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历。 写作要点：1.做家务的理由；2.做家务的过程；3.你的感受。 注意：1.短文词数不少于 100；2.开头部分已写好，不计入总词数；3.不能使 用真实姓名和学校名称。 　 (Ⅰ)单词拼写 1．As you get older you will change your attitude (态度) towards it. 2．One major disadvantage (不利因素) of the area is the lack of public transport. 3．I bent (弯腰) and picked up the coins lying on the ground. 4．It is difficult for the old to keep up with the rapid pace (步伐) of change. 5．In my view (观点), children shouldn’t play games on the Internet. 6．He succeeded in persuading (说服) the strange man not to make noises. 7．Nowadays farmers usually transport (运输) their wheat from the farm to the market with tractors. 8．Which one do you prefer (较喜欢), the blue jacket or the red one? (Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 1．It is three years since he graduated (graduation) from Harvard University. 2．The meeting is scheduled (schedule) on Tuesday morning. 3．They talked about it for hours. Finally (final), they decided not to go. 4．A teacher should not show preference (prefer) for any one of his pupils. 5．My teacher’s talk woke me up, and I was determined (determine) to study harder. 6．They insisted on organizing (organization) an English Speech Contest. (Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．Li Hua is a young man with great determination.He determined to go to Tibet after graduation.Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune, he left home without saying a word.(determine) 2．John is very reliable — if he promises to do something he will do it, so you can rely on him to help you when you are in trouble.(rely) (Ⅰ)写出下列短语 1．ever_since　　　　　　　　　 自从；自……以后 2．be_fond_of 喜爱；喜欢 3．care_about 关心；忧虑；惦念 4．change_one’s_mind 改变主意 5．make_up_one’s_mind 下决心；决定 6．give_in 投降；屈服；让步 7．as_usual 照常 8．at_midnight 在午夜 9．put_up 张贴；搭建 10．get_sb._interested_in 使某人对……感兴趣 (Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 1．Have you made_up_your_mind whether to take part in the sports meeting to be held next week? 2．We came to the UK in 1974 and have lived here ever_since. 3．I don’t care_about the price, so long as the car is in good condition. 4．Before it got dark, the campers put_up their tents in a valley. 5．For Mattie, it has been a struggle to get_him_interested_in sport. 6．Never giving_in is his personality, so you need not worry about him. 7．John is_fond_of playing the piano while his sister enjoys playing football. 8．As_usual,_David was late for school again, but to his surprise, the teacher didn’t punish him this time. 1．Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排 得尽善尽美。 [解读]　insist that ... (should) do sth. “坚持主张、坚决要求……”。 [仿写]　校方坚持主张一个好的学校应该有严格的规章制度。 The school insisted that a good school (should)_have_strict_rules_and_regulations. 2．When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. 当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次 有趣的经历。 [解读]　the air would be hard to breathe 是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构。 [仿写]　依许多人看来，那个公司虽然相对来说较小，但是很容易打交道。 In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to_deal_with. 3．Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. 她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。 [解读]　once 引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。 [仿写]　你一旦踏上这块土地，你就不会再想离开它。 Once_you_set_foot_on_this_land,_you’ll never want to leave it. 4．We can hardly wait to see them! 我们迫不及待地想要见到他们！ [解读]　can hardly wait to do sth./for sth.＝ cannot wait to do sth./for sth. “迫不及待地要做某事；急切地做某事”。 [仿写]　经过长期的战乱之后，叙利亚人民迫不及待地想过上平静的生活。 The people of Syria could_hardly/couldn’t_wait_to_live_a_peaceful_life after a long war. 单元学案设计 一、常考词汇细点拨 1．prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物) [ 高 考 佳 句 ] 　 Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet.(2013·安徽高考阅读 D) 有些人更喜欢在网络上完成几乎所有的事情。 (1)prefer sth. to sth.　　 喜欢……而不喜欢…… prefer doing to doing 宁愿做……而不愿做…… (2)prefer (sb.) to do sth. 更喜欢(某人)做…… prefer sb./sth.(should) do sth. 更喜欢某人/某物做…… Error!宁愿做……而不愿做…… ①I prefer to read while my wife prefers singing to reading. 我喜欢读书，而我妻子喜欢唱歌不喜欢读书。 ②I prefer to live simply rather_than waste the limited resources. 我宁愿过简单的生活也不愿去浪费有限的资源。 ③I prefer my English classes to be taught in English only. ＝I prefer that my English classes should_be_taught in English only. 我愿意我的英语课仅用英语来教授。 2．persuade vt.说服；劝说 [教材原句]　Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one. 两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，然后说服我也买了一辆。 (1)persuadeError! (2)try to persuade sb.to do sth.＝ advise sb.to do sth.尽力劝说某人做某事(但未 必说服) ①Don’t let yourself be persuaded into buying things you don’t really want. 不要被说服买你并不需要的东西。 ②We finally persuaded Ben of the wisdom of this decision. 我们最终使本相信这个决定是明智的。 ③I tried to persuade him to give up drinking, but he wouldn’t listen to me. 我试图说服他戒酒，但他不听。 [链接高考] (2012· 新 课 标 全 国 卷 )If she doesn ’ t want to go, nothing you can say will ________ her. A．persuade　　　　　　　　 B．promise C．invite D．support 解析：选 A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果她不想去，你说什么也无法说 服她。persuade“说服”；promise“许诺”；invite“邀请”；support“支持”。结合 句意选 A。 3．determine vt.& vi.决定；确定；(使)下定决心 [教材原句]　She gave me a determined look — the kind that said she would not change her mind. 她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。 (1)determine on/upon　　　　 决定 determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作) determine sb.to do sth. 使某人决定做某事 determine＋从句 决定…… (2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的 be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态) (3)determination n. 决心 ①Just as the state of water is determined by the temperature, the state of one person’s life is determined by temperature of his heart. 水的状态是由温度决定的，人生的状态是由自己心灵的温度决定的。 ②Her encouragement determined me to carry on with the work. 她的鼓励使我决心把这项工作继续下去。 ③Determined_to_do this on my own, I spent several weeks going door­to­door for a job, but found little response.(2011·安徽高考完形填空) 决定靠自己找一份工作后，我花费了几个星期的时间挨家挨户地找，但是没 有得到什么回应。 4．view n．风景；视野；观点；见解 vt.观看；注视；考虑 [教材原句]　To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us, we were surprised by the view. 上山很艰难，但是当我们环顾四周时，我们对周围的景色感到惊讶。 [一词多义] 写出下列句中 view 的含义 ①You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender ’ s point of view.(2013·辽宁高考任务型阅读) 观点；见解 ②He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city. 景色；风景 ③When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view. 视野 ④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released. 观看 ⑤We can view the problem in many ways. 考虑 come into view　　　　　　 进入视野；看得见 in view of 鉴于；考虑到 in one’s view/opinion 在某人看来；依某人的看法 ⑥In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English. 鉴于社会的实际需要，愈来愈多的人对学英语有兴趣。 ⑦In my view/opinion, Guangzhou Evergrande ’ s winning the 2013 Asian Champions League title is a big step for Chinese football. 我认为，广州恒大赢得 2013 年亚冠联赛冠军对于中国足球来说是一大步。 二、间考词汇自识记 1．disadvantage n．不利条件；不便之处 advantage n．有利条件；优势 put sb. at a disadvantage　　　 使某人处于不利地位 take advantage of 利用 She took advantage of the children’s absence to tidy their rooms. 她趁孩子们不在时，收拾了他们的房间。 2．schedule n．时间表；进度表 vt.为某事安排时间 ahead of schedule 提前 on schedule 按时间表；准时 be scheduled to do sth. 预定做某事 ①One can always manage to do more things, no matter how full one’s schedule is in life.(2013·辽宁高考单项填空) 一个人总是能设法做到更多事情，不管他生活中的日程是多么满。 ②The Prime Minister was scheduled to arrive at noon. 首相定于中午到达。 ————————————————————————— ……………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！) 请根据提示写出除 stubborn 以外与“性格”有关的形容词 1．optimistic adj.　　　　　 乐观的 2．pessimistic adj. 悲观的 3．easy­going adj. 随和的 4．lively adj. 活泼的 5．gentle adj. 温和的 6．outgoing adj. 外向的 ————————————————————————— [单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.多项选择 1．(2014·湖北八校联考)A best friend is one who can always read your minds when you are at a loss for the ________ words to complete your thoughts. A．temporary B．absolute C．precise D．reliable 解析：选 C　句意：最好的朋友就是当你不知道用什么精确的语言来表达自 己的思想时，他总能看懂你的心思。precise“准确的；精确的”。temporary“临 时的”；absolute“绝对的”；reliable“可靠的”。 2．Being able to speak another language fluently could be a great ________ when you are looking for a job. A．advantage B．chance C．assistance D．importance 解析：选 A　考查名词辨析。从句意“能够流利地讲一门外语在找工作时是 一种优势”可知选 A 项 advantage“优势”。B 项表示“机会”，C 项表示“帮助； 援助”，D 项表示“重要性”，都与语意不符。 3．Alice trusts you; only you can ________ her to give up the foolish idea. A．suggest B．attract C．tempt D．persuade 解析：选 D　考查动词词义辨析。根据 trust(相信)可知，“只有你可以劝服 她放弃那么愚蠢的想法。”故选 D。 4．The 31st Olympic Games, ________ in the summer of 2016, will take place in Rio located in southeastern Brazil. A．organized B．ignored C．scheduled D．commanded 解析：选 C　考查动词辨析。句意：第三十一届奥林匹克运动会将于 2016 年 夏 天 在 位 于 巴 西 东 南 部 的 里 约 举 办 。 schedule“ 为 某 事 而 安 排 时 间 ”； organize“组织”；ignore“忽视”；command“指挥”。根据句意选 C。 Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！) 1．determine 万花筒 (1)完成句子 ①Determined_to_give_up smoking, he threw away his remaining cigarettes.(determine) 决定戒烟，他扔掉了剩下的香烟。 ②Seldom in all my life have_I_met_such_a_determined person, for which I admire him greatly.(determine) 我一生中很少遇到这么坚定的一个人，因为这我很钦佩他。 (2)The ________ look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself. A．surprised B．upset C．excited D．determined 解析：选 D 　句意：他脸上坚定的表情表明了他有足够的自信心。 determined“坚定的”，符合句意。 2．prefer 点点清 (1)一句多译 孩子们宁可骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。 ①The children preferred_cycling to the countryside to staying indoors all the day. ②The children preferred to_cycle to the countryside rather than_stay indoors all the day. ③The children would_rather_cycle to the countryside than stay indoors all the day. (2)(2014· 荆 州 市 高 三 质 检 ) For sustainable ( 持 续 的 ) development, the government has decided to give ________ to those energy­conserving and environment­friendly businesses in many aspects. A．profit B．interest C．preference D．advantage 解析：选 C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了持续性的发展，政府决定在许 多方面优先发展节约能源型的、环境友好型的产业。profit“利润”；interest“利 益”；preference“优先；偏爱”；advantage“优势”。 3．view 面面观 (1)完成句子 ①If we sit near the front of the bus, we_will_have_a_better_view.(view) 如果我们坐在汽车的前面，我们就会看到较美的风景。 ②With the practical use of wireless network, its advantages and shortages have_come_into_view.(view) 随着无线网络的实际应用，它各方面的优缺点已逐渐显现。 ③The Internet is_viewed_by_many_people_as a revolutionary education tool.(view) 因特网被许多人看成是革命性的教育手段。 (2)(2014·湖北八市调考)________ the fact that the price of houses is extremely high, many people are still planning to buy one. A．In spite of B．In terms of C．On account of D．In view of 解析：选 A　考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管房价极高，但许多人仍然计划 买房。in spite of 意为“尽管”，符合语境。 1．care about 关心；忧虑；惦念；在乎 [高考佳句]　They have taught me to care about other people more than about myself.(2013·山东高考完形填空) 他们教会了我关心别人要胜过关心自己。 care for　　　　　　　　　 喜欢；照料 take care 当心 take care of 照料；处理 with care 小心；慎重 ①What I care about is not what he can learn at school but whether he can build up his confidence in the new environment. 我所关心的不是他在学校可以学到什么，而是在新的环境中他是否能树立自 信心。 ②I made the choice to withdraw from college to care_for her.(2011·天津高考阅 读 B) 我选择从大学退学来照料她。 ③He handled the instrument with_care for fear it should be damaged. 他小心地摆弄那架仪器，生怕把它弄坏。 2．make up one’s mind 下定决心；决定 [ 高 考 佳 句 ] 　 Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally made up my mind to study it in the university. (2012·广东高考写 作) 由于您的鼓励，我在数学上取得了不断的进步，最终下决心在大学里学习它。 change one’s mind　　　　　　 改变主意 Error! 记住…… call/bring ... to mind 回忆起…… fix one’s mind on/upon 将注意力集中于…… read one’s mind 看出某人的心思 ①When I first met Bryan I didn ’ t like him, but I have changed my mind.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ单项填空) 我第一次见到布莱恩时，我不喜欢他，但现在我已改变了主意。 ②With so much noise around, the boy could not fix his mind on what he was doing at all. 周围那么多的噪音，男孩根本不能将注意力放在他正在做的事情上去。 ③You must constantly keep_in_mind_that haste makes waste. 你必须时刻牢记：欲速则不达。 3．give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交 [教材原句]　Finally, I had to give in. 最后，我只能让步了。 give away　　　　　　　 分发；赠送；泄露 give back 归还 give off 发出(光、热、声音、气味等) give out 分发；用完；耗尽 give up 放弃；停止 give way to 给……让路；对……让步 ①The children were required to give in their examination papers immediately. 孩子们被要求马上交上试卷。 ②You must give back the books to the library before Friday. 星期五之前你必须把书归还图书馆。 ③The doctor advised him to give_up smoking because of his bad health. 由于他的身体不好，医生劝他戒烟。 [短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.选词填空 care about， give in， as usual， be fond of， put up， in detail 1．We discussed the plan in_detail before deciding to carry it out. 2．My grandfather is/was_fond_of giving advice to all my friends. 3．The workers refused to give_in to the manager’s demands for working on weekends. 4 ． What he cares_about is whether he can buy the train ticket as soon as possible. 5．Many tents have been put_up to provide temporary housing for the people in the disaster­hit area. 6．There were twice as many visitors as_usual last weekend. Ⅱ.多项选择 1 ． (2014· 武 汉 调 研 )John said he wasn ’ t disappointed at the result of the basketball game, but the look on his face ________ his words. A．turned down B．took in C．made out D．gave away 解析：选 D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：John 说他对篮球比赛的结果不失 望，但是他脸上的表情使他的话露馅了。turn down“拒绝”；take in“留宿；吸 入；包含”；make out“应付；弄懂”；give away“泄露；暴露”。根据句意可知， 应选 D 项。 2．In fact fuels we burn and plant food we eat ________ their chemical energy in the form of heat. A．give in B．give off C．give away D．give up 解析：选 B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上我们烧的燃料和食用的植物 性食物都是以热量的形式放出它们所含有的化学能。根据句意可知应选 give off， 表示“放出；发出”。 3．(2014·荆州质检)I sincerely suggest that you try your best to finish this project, unless you don’t ________ the complaints from all directions. A．care about B．set about C．bring about D．go about 解析：选 A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我真心地建议你尽你最大的努力完 成这个项目，除非你不在意来自各方的抱怨。care about“关心；在乎”，符合句 意。set about “开始；着手”；bring about “导致；引起”；go about (doing) sth.“着 手(做)某事；继续(做)某事；忙于(做)某事”。 4．I’m sure that she will come to help me as she promised.Nothing will change her mind if she has ________ up her mind. A．made B．done C．given D．changed 解析：选 A　make up one’s mind “下定决心”。 1 ． Although she didn ’ t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted_that_she_organize the trip properly. 尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排 得尽善尽美。 insist 意为“坚持要求；坚决主张”，后接宾语从句。宾语从句中常用虚拟语 气，即谓语结构为 should＋动词原形，should 可以省略。 ①He insisted that he hadn’t done anything wrong and that he should be set free. 他坚持认为他没有做错任何事并且坚决要求释放他。 (1)当 insist 其后接宾语从句，其内容为“一种说法、看法或事实”时，从句 则不采用虚拟语气，而是要用陈述语气。 (2)insist on doing sth.坚持做某事 ②The young man insisted that he_was innocent. 年轻人坚持说他是无辜的。 ③But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “going for it”， I wouldn’t have decided to give it a try.(2011·北京高考完形填空) 要不是老师坚持让我做(打篮球)，我不会决定去尝试一下。 2．When I told her the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. 当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次 有趣的经历。 the air would be hard to breathe 是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中 the air 是 breathe 的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具 备两个前提条件： (1) 常 用 形 容 词 有 ： difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting 等。 (2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词， 其后应该加相应的介词。 ①Today’s homework was easy to do, so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play. 今天的作业容易做，因此迈克很快完成作业然后出去玩耍。 ② I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is_so_good_to_breathe. 在夏季我喜欢早点起床。能呼吸到早上的新鲜空气真好。 [句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 完成句子 1．The man insisted_on_finding_a_taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.(insist) 尽管我告诉他我住在附近，这个人坚持给我找一辆出租车。 2．He insisted that he wasn't tired and that we_should_cycle_to_work,_ and I finally had to give in to him.(cycle) 他坚持说他不累，并坚持我们骑车上班，我最后只能向他让步。 3 ． It is obvious that although the lady looks elegant, actually she is_hard_to_get_along_with. (get) 很显然，尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。 4 ． Those air conditioners are our best­selling products because_they_are_easy_to_handle and work with little noise.(handle) 那些空调是我们的畅销产品，因为它们操作简便，运转起来几乎没有噪音。 5 ． All the citizens here strongly insist those found putting up“harmful” advertisements in the streets (should)_be_punished_strictly.(punish) 这里的所有市民坚决要求那些被发现在街道上张贴有害广告的人应该受到 严厉的处罚。 现在进行时 完成句子 1．(2014·荆州质检)It is reported that many a new house is_being_built at present in the disaster area.(build) 据说目前在灾区正在修建许多房子。 2．(2014·湖北八校联考)The church tower which_is_being_restored will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.(restore) 正在修复的教堂塔楼将很快向游客开放，这项工作快要竣工了。 3 ． Now that Nancy is out of work, she has_been_considering_going back to school, but she hasn't made a decision yet.(consider) 由于南希失业了，她一直在考虑回到学校，但还没有做出决定。 4．We are_running_out_of our money now.Don't buy such expensive dresses for me any more, dear.(run) 我们的钱快用完了，不要再给我买这么贵的衣服了，亲爱的。 5．In the conference room on the fifth floor, where a meeting is to be held, some students are_setting_the_table.(set) 五楼会议室里将要召开一次会议，一些学生正在摆放椅子。 Ⅰ.多项选择 1．(2014·荆州质检)We use passwords (密码) to keep our personal information secret and safe, but some passwords we use may not be as ________ as we think. A．accurate　　　　　　　　　 B．appropriate C．complex D．reliable　 解析：选 D　考查形容词辨析。句意：我们使用密码来保证我们个人信息的 隐秘和安全，但我们所使用的一些密码并不像我们认为的那样可靠(reliable)。 accurate“精确的”；appropriate“适当的”；complex“复杂的；合成的”。根据语 境可知，答案选 D。 2 ．(2014· 襄阳四中综合测试)The missile test­out date had been announced earlier this month, but North Korea launched it ________ ahead of schedule. A．accidentally B．surprisingly C．stubbornly D．fortunately 解析：选 B　考查副词辨析。句意：朝鲜在本月初宣布了导弹试验日期，但 是朝鲜出人意料地提前进行了发射。B 项意为“出人意料地；不可思议地”，符 合语境。A 项意为“偶然地”；C 项意为“倔强地”；D 项意为“幸运地”。 3．(2014·湖北十堰四校高三联考)________ your present bad mood, you’d better put off the work till next week, when you may be in higher spirits. A．In spite of B．In terms of C．In view of D．In place of 解析：选 C　考查介词短语辨析。句意：考虑到你现在的情绪不好，你最好 把工作推迟到下周，到时你可能会情绪高点。in view of“考虑到；鉴于”，符合 句意。in spite of“尽管；不管”；in terms of“就……而言”；in place of“代替； 顶替”。 4．(2014·湖北重点中学联考)In order to protect the environment, people are greatly encouraged to travel by public ________. A．transport B．service C．means D．transfer 解析：选 A　句意：为了保护环境，人们被鼓励乘公交车。transport“交通； 运输”，public transport“公共交通”，是固定搭配。service“服务”；means“方 法；方式”；transfer“转移；调动”。 5．Maria ________ the interviewers with her knowledge and experience, and as a result she was offered the job. A．provided B．inspired C．persuaded D．impressed 解析：选 D　考查动词辨析。句意：玛丽亚用知识和经验给面试官们留下了 深刻的印象，因此她得到了这份工作。impress sb.with sth.“用某物给某人留下深 刻的印象”，符合题意。provide“提供”；inspire“鼓励；激励”；persuade“说 服”。 6 ． As most of their houses were badly damaged after the earthquake, many people had to be ________ in a stadium. A．put away B．put out C．put up D．put off 解析：选 C　句意：由于地震后大部分房屋严重被毁，许多人不得不住在体 育馆。put up 可以表示“供给……住宿”，符合句意。put away“把……收好”；put out“扑灭”；put off“拖延；推迟”。 7．He placed his bike in front of their building ________， but when he came out, he found it missing. A．in general B．as a matter of fact C．as a result D．as usual 解析：选 D　句意：他像往常一样把自行车放在了楼前，但是当他出来时发 现自行车不见了。as usual“像往常”，符合句意。in general“总体来说”；as a matter of fact“事实上”；as a result“结果”。 8．(2014·仙桃沔州中学测试)The professor ________ his thoughts before giving his lecture, so that he could make himself understood well. A．organized B．recognized C．realized D．advertised 解析：选 A　考查动词辨析。句意：教授在演讲之前组织他的思想，以便于 别人能很好地理解他的意思。organize“组织”，其宾语常常是“会议、活动”等； 当以 one’s idea, one’s thoughts, oneself 作宾语时，其意思是“使思想条理化、 打腹稿”。recognize“辨认；辨别”；realize“实现”；advertise“做广告”。 9．(2014·湖北八校联考)Many rich Americans have long ________ money to charities rather than to their children, to which many Chinese are in contrast. A．given up B．given off C．given out D．given away 解析：选 D　句意：许多美国的富人很早就开始把钱捐给慈善机构，而不是 给他们的子女，这和许多中国人形成了对照。give away“捐赠”。give up“放弃”； give off“发出；放出”；give out“用完；分发”。 10．I think he’s determined that he won’t give in — you may try your luck and see if you can persuade that old ________ fellow. A．stubborn B．uneducated C．friendly D．responsible 解析：选 A　考查形容词辨析。语境中说这个老人不会让步的，因此用 stubborn 表示“固执的；倔强的；顽固的”。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Determined_to_train his daughter in English, he put an ad like this in the paper, “Wanted, an English teacher for a ten­year­old girl.”(determine) 决定培训他女儿的英语，他在报纸上登了一则广告：招聘英文老师一名，教 授十岁女孩英语。 2．With his_mind_fixed_on the computer game, he even didn't notice his father enter the room.(fix) 由于集中精力玩电脑游戏，他甚至没有注意到父亲进屋。 3 ． (2014· 湖 北 八 校 联 考 )Jane is wearing a satisfied smile. She must_have_persuaded her father to change his mind. (persuade) 简面带满意的笑容，她一定说服了父亲改变主意。 4 ． So hurriedly did_she_go_to_the_airport that she left her passport in the hotel.(go) 她匆匆忙忙赶往飞机场，结果将她的护照忘在宾馆里了。 5 ． The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to_sit_in.(sit) 这扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。 6．(2014·黄石调研)The young mother is very strict with her son. It is the first time that she_has_given_in_to his unreasonable demand.(give) 这位年轻的妈妈对儿子很严格。这是她第一次对儿子的无理要求妥协。 7．We should accept that offer, for we have had such bad luck up till now and time is_running_out.(run) 我们应该接受这份援助，因为我们一直运气不好，而且时间紧迫。 8．When we got to the river, we could_hardly/not_wait_to_pass.(could) 我们一到河边就迫不及待地要过去。 9．Once (it_was)_translated_into Chinese, the book became very popular with Chinese teenagers.(translate) 这本书一翻译成汉语，就在青少年当中广泛传开了。 10 ． The manager insisted that we_(should)_break_away_from the companies who had done something that hurt our feelings.(break) 经理坚持要求我们与那些做了伤害我们感情的事的公司决裂。 Ⅲ.阅读理解 (2014·黄冈中学月考)Aggressive pedestrians are in fact as dangerous as careless drivers. They cause traffic accidents, injury and death. These dangerous walkers can be seen in any big city over the world. About 69% of last year’s pedestrian deaths in the US occurred in urban areas. They cross streets ignoring “DON’T WALK” signals, suddenly appear without warning from behind parked vehicles, walk slowly at crossroads with cell phones attached to heads, blocking traffic. These pedestrians and drivers share a common disregard for the rules of the road, both for selfish reasons. The drivers believe in the power of their machines. If their machines can go faster, they believe they have the right to go faster. If their machines are bigger, they believe they have the right to push smaller vehicles aside. Aggressive pedestrians, on the other hand, believe in the primacy ( 首 位 ) of the individual, the idea that they are first in any environment, under any circumstances, even when they are on foot in a roaring tide of steel and rubber. Last year, an estimated 5,220 pedestrians died in traffic accidents. Some 69,000 pedestrians were injured. On average, that worked out to one pedestrian killed in a traffic crash every 101 minutes, and one injured every eight minutes. The good news is that the accident rate is dropping. For example, the number of pedestrians killed last year was 24 percent less than the number killed in traffic accidents a decade earlier. The bad news is that the basic causes of pedestrian deaths remain pretty much the same — disregard for traffic signals, inattention and crossing roads under the influence of alcohol and drugs. Alcohol, in fact, was involved in 46 percent of the traffic accidents that resulted in pedestrian deaths. Of those, 31 percent of the pedestrians were found to be drunk. The bottom line is that the pedestrians must do more to protect their lives as well as the lives of other road users. They can start by obeying traffic signals, using marked cross­walks and calling a cab when they’ve had too much to drink. 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。文章重点分析了激进的行人经常引起交通事故的原因。 1．The passage is mainly about ________. A．how aggressive pedestrians cause traffic accidents B．why so many Americans were killed on roads last year C．what the traffic rules of the road about pedestrians were D ． who are to blame for pedestrian deaths, drunk drivers or the aggressive pedestrians 解析：选 A　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Aggressive pedestrians are in fact as dangerous as careless drivers. They cause traffic accidents, injury and death.”及下 文的内容可知，本文主要分析了激进的行人可能会引起交通事故的原因。故答案 选 A。 2．What is the pedestrians’ selfish reason for traffic jams? A．They know all drivers are skilled and with great care. B．They believe individuals are always first. C．They think traffic rules have nothing to do with them. D．They guess all vehicles will slow down at crossroads. 解析：选 B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句中的“Aggressive pedestrians, on the other hand, believe in the primacy (首位) of the individual”可知， 他们认为自我是最重要的。故答案选 B。 3．What was NOT the basic cause of pedestrian deaths in the US a decade ago? A．Disregard for traffic signals. B．Paying no attention to surroundings. C．Crossing roads drunk. D．Overspeeding driving. 解析：选 D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句中的“disregard for traffic signals, inattention and crossing roads under the influence of alcohol and drugs”可知， 超速驾驶不是十年前行人死亡的根本原因。故答案选 D。 4．As one of all the road users, what should we students do on busy roads? A．Obey traffic signals at crossroads. B．Run as fast as possible at crossroads. C．Talk on your cell phone if necessary. D．Always watch out for big trucks. 解析：选 A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They can start by obeying traffic signals”可知，学生在过十字路口时也应该遵守交通信号灯的指示。故答案选 A。 Ⅳ.短文写作 (2014·宜昌高三二调)Since we were young, we have known very well the lines “Do you know the food on the plate, each grain is hard­earned” from the Sympathy for the Peasants. However, food wasting is on the rise recently. 请根据以上提示，写一篇如何杜绝食物浪费的英语短文。 要求如下： 1．根据你的所见所闻，简要介绍食物浪费的现状； 2．至少提出三条遏制食物浪费的措施； 3．开头已给出，无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语； 4．词数不少于 120。 At the end of year of 2013, many media reported serious food wasting in China.________ _________________________________________________________________ _______ _________________________________________________________________ _______ _________________________________________________________________ _______ _________________________________________________________________ _______ 参考范文： At the end of the year 2013, many media reported serious food wasting in China. According to a survey, Chinese people waste food worth 20 billion yuan in a year, which can feed 20 million people! To prevent this phenomenon, the first step, I think, is to change our consumption concept. Ordering too many dishes in a restaurant can not save face. On the contrary, it’s a waste of food and shameful. Next, I urge more people to join in the “clear your plate” campaign. Whoever can not finish the food that has been ordered, he should take the leftovers home or pay extra money. Last, the government’s paying the dinner bill should be forbidden. If so, much food and money will be saved. Let’s make every effort to put an end to this bad and harmful habit!