2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit3Lifeinthefuture单元学案（17页word解析版） 17页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit3Life in the future单元学案 一单元基础训练 一、单元单词短语回顾 aspect [ˈæspekt] n. 方面；层面 impression  [imˈpreʃən] n.印象；感想；印记 take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续 constant [ˈkɔnstənt] adj.时常发生的；连续不断的 constantly  [ˈkɔnstəntli] adv. 不断地 jet [dʒet] n. 喷气式飞机 ‎△jet lag  [læg] 飞行时差反应 ‎△flashback  ['flæʃbæk] n. 闪回；倒叙 previous [ˈpri:viəs] adj.在前的；早先的 uncertain  [ʌnˈsə:tn] adj.不确切的；无把握的 guide [gaid] n. 指导；向导；导游 ‎ vt. 指引；指导 tablet [ˈtæblit] n. 药片 ‎△expertise [ˌekspə:ˈti:z] n. 专家意见；‎ ‎ 专门知识（技能等）‎ capsule  [ˈkæpsju:l] n. 太空舱；胶囊 steward  [ˈstju:əd] n.乘务员；服务员 stewardess  [ˌstju:əˈdes] n. 女乘务员 opening [ˈəupəniŋ] n. （出入的）通路；开口；开端 sideways [ˈsaidweiz] adv. 往（向、从）一侧；侧着；侧面朝前 surrounding [səˈraundiŋ] n. 周围的事物；环境adj. 周围的 tolerate [ˈtɔləreit] vt. 容忍；忍受 ‎△combination [ˌkɔmbiˈneiʃən] n.结合；组合 lack  [læk] vi. & vt. 缺乏；没有 ‎ n. 缺乏；短缺的东西 adjustment [əˈdʒʌstmənt] n.调整；调节 mask [mɑ:sk] n. 面具；面罩；伪装 be back on one’s feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原 ‎△hover [ˈhɔvə] vi. 盘旋 carriage  [ˈkæridʒ] n. 运输工具；四轮马车；客车 press [pres] vi. & vt. 按；压；逼迫 ‎ n. 按；压；印刷；新闻 fasten  [ˈfɑ:sən] vt. 系牢；扎牢 belt  [belt] n. 腰带；皮带 safety belt 安全带 lose sight of… 看不见……‎ sweep up 打扫；横扫 flash [flæʃ] vt. & vi.（使）闪光；（使）闪现 switch  [switʃ] n. 开关；转换 ‎ vt. 转换 timetable [ˈtaimˌteibəl] n. 时间表；时刻表 ‎△exhausted  [igˈzɔ:stid] adj. 筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的 slide  [slaid] into （快捷而悄声地）移动；溜进……‎ optimistic  [ˌɔptiˈmistik] adj. 乐观（主义）的 ‎△pessimistic [ˌpesiˈmistik] adj. 悲观（主义）的 speed up 加速 ‎△pedal  [ˈpedəl] n. 踏板；脚蹬 ‎△alien [ˈeiliən] n.外星人；外国人 ‎ adj.陌生的；外国的；外星球的 mud  [mʌd] n. 泥（浆）‎ desert  [diˈzə:t] n. 沙漠；荒原 ‎△enormous [iˈnɔ:məs] adj. 巨大的；庞大的 ‎△imitate  [ˈimiteit] vt. 模仿；仿造 ‎△moveable  [ˈmu:vəbəl] adj. 可移动的；活动的 citizen [ˈsitizən] n. 公民；居民；市民 typist [ˈtaipist] n. 打字员 typewriter [ˈtaipˌraitə] n. 打字机 postage  [ˈpəustidʒ] n. 邮资 postcode  ['pəustˌkəud] n. 邮政编码 button [ˈbʌtn] n. 钮锃；按钮 instant  [ˈinstənt] n. 瞬间；片刻 ‎ adj. 立即的；立刻的 receiver  [riˈsi:və] n. 接受者；接收器；电话听筒 ‎△efficiency  [iˈfiʃənsi] n. 效率；功效 ‎△efficient  [iˈfiʃənt] adj.效率高的；有能力的 ‎△ribbon  [ˈribən] n. 丝带；带状物 dustbin ['dʌstbin] n. 垃圾箱 ‎△dispose  [disˈpəuz] vt. 布置；安排 ‎△disposal [disˈpəuzəl] n. 清除；处理 ecology  [iˈkɔlədʒi] n.生态；生态学 greedy  [ˈgri:di] adj. 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的 swallow  [swɔləu] vt. 吞下；咽下 material [məˈtiəriəl] n. 原料；材料 recycle [ˌri:ˈsaikəl]vt.回收利用；再利用 ‎△manufacture [ˌmænju:ˈfæktʃə] vt. ‎ ‎ (用机器)大量生产；成批制造 goods  [gudz] n. 货物 ‎△etc abbr. 诸如此类；等等 representative [ˌrepriˈzentətiv]n.代表；典型人物adj. 典型的；有代表性的 settlement  [ˈsetlmənt] n. 定居；解决 motivation [ˌmoutiˈveiʃən] n. 动机 二、单元重要句式回顾：根据括号内要求翻译句子 ‎1．他回到家，又饿又累。(形容词作状语)‎ He_arrived_home,_hungry_and_tired.‎ ‎2．他的演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。(impression)‎ His_speech_made_a_deep_impression_on_the_audience.‎ ‎3．写那篇论文占去了他周末的大部分时间。(take up)‎ Writing_the_paper_took_up_most_of_his_weekend.‎ ‎4．这首歌让我想起了我的家乡。(remind sb. of ...)‎ This_song_reminds_me_of_my_hometown.‎ ‎5．她的决定似乎显示出缺乏政治判断力。(a lack of)‎ Her_decision_seems_to_show_a_lack_of_political_judgement.‎ ‎6．昨天校长带领外国游客参观了我们学校。(show sb. around ...)‎ The_headmaster_showed_the_foreign_visitors_around_our_school_yesterday.‎ ‎7．他过去经常迟到，但现在习惯于早起了。(used to do sth., be used to doing sth.)‎ He_used_to_be_late,_but_now_he_is_used_to_getting_up_early.‎ ‎8．我再也不能容忍你无礼的行为。(tolerate)‎ I_can't_tolerate_your_bad_manners_any_longer._‎ ‎9．由于献身于科学研究事业，他在全世界享有盛名。(过去分词作状语)‎ Devoted_to_his_science_research,_he_has_enjoyed_fame_all_over_the_world.‎ ‎10．接连下了一星期的雨。(keep doing)‎ It_kept_raining_for_a_week.‎ 单元综合知识运用 一 完形填空提速训练 My parents moved to Vermont when I was still a baby. A softspoken man, my father __1__ quietly into his medical practice. Soon the local people __2__ my father, greeting him as “Doc Eppley”. And I was known as “Doctor Eppley's son”， which I was happy about.‎ ‎__3__， something changed when I was sixteen. The neighbors __4__ called me “Doctor Eppley's son”. I began to hate being followed by my father's good name. I wondered how I would ever __5__ my friends, but I managed to __6__ my last years of high school. I wanted to be myself so I went to college far away, where __7__ called me “Doctor Eppley's son”．‎ One night at college I talked with my roommates about what we hated __8__ in high schools. I said, “I couldn't __9__ growing up in a town where everybody always compared me __10__ my father.” The boy next to me said, “I'd be proud to have a father who's so well respected.” There was a(n) __11__ silence, and then I changed the subject.‎ I returned home for winter __12__ the first year. I took my father's car out for a __13__. Unfortunately, I hit a car in front __14__ I knew it. The woman in the car jumped out, screaming, “You idiot! Why didn't you look __15__ you were going？” I sat there like a __16__ child. “ Can you pay for this? Who are you？” she kept asking. I __17__ and, without ‎ thinking, shouted, “I'm Doctor Eppley's son.” I felt __18__. I couldn't believe what I had just said. Almost __19__， the woman's frown (皱眉) became a smile of __20__. “I'm sorry.” she said, “I didn't realize who you were.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”还很小的时候父母搬家到了新的地方，父亲因为医术高明而被大家接受，而“我”小时候对大家叫“我”医生的儿子而开心，长大后却由此不开心，但之后发生的一件事却改变了“我”的看法。‎ ‎1．A.broke　　　　　　　　 B．settled C．fell D．changed ‎ 解析：选B　settle into“安定下来”。故选B。‎ ‎2．A.accepted B．employed C．called D．requested ‎ 解析：选A　很快当地的居民就接受(accepted)了父亲，并称呼他为Eppley医生。‎ ‎3．A.Therefore B．Instead C．Besides D．However ‎ 解析：选D　上文“我”小的时候对大家称呼“我”为Eppley医生的儿子而开心，而16岁的时候却改变了，此处上下文之间为转折关系，故选D。‎ ‎4．A.also B．again C．still D．even ‎ 解析：选C　长大后，大家依然(still)那么叫“我”。‎ ‎5．A.take care of B．fit in with C．break away from D．speak up for ‎ 解析：选B　fit in with sb.“和某人相处融洽”。此处的意思指作者因为带着这个想法，觉得自己很难和小伙伴们相处好。‎ ‎6．A.save B．waste C．value D．survive ‎ 解析：选D　正是因为上述原因，作者觉得自己很难交到好朋友，所以觉得高中生活很难熬，但却坚持了下去，成功度过了高中生涯。‎ ‎7．A.nobody B．everybody C．anybody D．somebody ‎ 解析：选A　在很远的地方求学，再也没有任何人(nobody)会那么叫“我”。‎ ‎8．A.least B．most C．less D．more ‎ 解析：选B　在大学寝室里大家谈论在高中最讨厌的事情。‎ ‎9．A.hate B．stop C．risk D．stand ‎ 解析：选D　作者跟大家分享他最不能忍受(stand)的事情是大家都拿他和他的父亲相比较。‎ ‎10．A.by B．as C．with D．beyond ‎ 解析：选C　compare ...with ...“把……和……相比较”。‎ ‎11．A.good B．awkward C．shallow D．similar ‎ 解析：选B　其中一个室友却持有不同的意见，因此出现令人尴尬的沉默。awkward“尴尬的”。‎ ‎12．A.weather B．day C．break D．season ‎ 解析：选C　作者回家过寒假。winter break“寒假”。‎ ‎13．A.drive B．lift C．check D．run ‎ 解析：选A　take my father's car out for a drive“开我父亲的车出去”。‎ ‎14．A.after B．before C．until D．while ‎ 解析：选B　未等“我”意识到，车子就撞上了前车。before“在……之前，还没来得及……就”。‎ ‎15．A.when B．why C．how D．where ‎ 解析：选D　where引导地点状语从句，此处在指责作者怎么不看着开车的路。‎ ‎16．A.naughty B．sick C．lovely D．guilty ‎ 解析：选D　“我”像一个犯了错的孩子。此处指作者心里感觉很内疚(guilty)。‎ ‎17．A.panicked B．admitted C．escaped D．understood ‎ 解析：选A　panic “感到恐慌，心里惶惶不安”。‎ ‎18．A.excited B．amused C．astonished D．satisfied ‎ 解析：选C　根据后文的I couldn't believe可以知道，当“我”没有思考报出身份之后，“我”对自己的反应感到非常的惊讶。‎ ‎19．A.certainly B．immediately C．impossibly D．completely ‎ 解析：选B　几乎是“我”一说完，对方就立刻改变了态度。因此选B。‎ ‎20．A.confusion B．satisfaction C．recognition D．sympathy ‎ 解析：选C　因为父亲是这个地方受人尊敬的医生，已经得到了大家的认可，因此，当对方得知“我”的身份后，也是立刻表示出对父亲家人的认可，故选C。recognition“认可”。‎ 二、阅读理解提速训练 A If I had to choose what language to learn next, it's a tough decision but it'd probably be German because many people that know several languages tell me that German is their favourite language in terms of expressing themselves. And I think it might have something to do with the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think it'd be really difficult but a fun challenge.‎ Elena (Canada, teacher)‎ I think I'd like to learn French next because it's a very romantic (浪漫的) language and it could be very useful in different job situations. Besides, I think it could help me understand English a bit more as well, since it was previously the language of diplomacy (外交)．‎ Bryan (USA, writer)‎ I'd love to learn Italian next. I visited Milan last year and I think it would be great to be able to speak to some of the locals. Also, it's quite similar to Spanish, so I don't think it would be too confusing.‎ Georgina (England, Olympic swimmer)‎ I'd really like to learn French. I actually learned it some years ago, but I haven't used it in a long time and I've forgotten it but it's a language that I really enjoy speaking, and I think France is a wonderful country.‎ James (New Zealand, travel writer)‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文中四人分别表述了自己最想学习的下一种语言并给出了理由。‎ ‎1．One of the reasons why Bryan wants to learn French is that ________.‎ A．it is easy to learn B．it is used frequently C．it sounds more beautiful than English D．it allows him to express himself more clearly 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it could be very useful in different job situations”可知，在不同的工作场景中法语都非常有用。由此可推测，正是因为法语的使用频率很高，所以Bryan想学法语。‎ ‎2．We can infer that Georgina ________.‎ A．will live in Milan B．can speak Spanish C．feels puzzled about her career D．wants to make some Italian friends 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“it's quite similar to Spanish, so I don't think it would be too confusing”可推测，因为Georgina会西班牙语，所以她认为和西班牙语很像的意大利语应该不会很难学。‎ ‎3．Who is the most fearless learner?‎ A．Elena.　　　　　　　　 B．Bryan.‎ C．Georgina. D．James.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“... the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think it'd be really difficult but a fun challenge”可知，Elena明明知道德语的词汇量很大，学起来会很困难，但仍然想去尝试学德语，并认为这是项很有趣的挑战。由此不难看出，Elena是个不畏困难的学习者。‎ B What will man be like in the future — in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time. ‎ Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men ‎ are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is relatively a short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about ‎ ‎20% of the brain's capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head, in particular, the forehead will grow larger. ‎ Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that man's eyes will grow stronger.‎ On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.‎ But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald (光秃的)．‎ Perhaps all these give the impression that in the future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being，with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.‎ 语篇解读：本文对未来人会变成什么样子进行了分析和想象。‎ ‎4．The passage mainly tells us that ________.‎ A．man's life will be different in the future B．future man will look quite different from us C．man is growing taller and uglier as time passes D．man's organs' functions will be on the wane (衰退)‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。由第一段可知本文主要介绍未来人类的外貌可能会出现的变化。C项只是其中的一个方面。‎ ‎5．The change in man's size of forehead is probably because ________.‎ A．he/she makes use only 20% of the brain's capacity B．his/her brain has grown larger over the past centuries C．the other 80% of his/her brain will grow in due time D．he/she will use his brain more and more as time goes on 解析：选D　细节理解题。由第二段最后两句说人类将更多地使用大脑，最终大脑变大，前额变大可知答案。‎ ‎6．It is implied that ________.‎ A．human beings will become less attractive in the future B．less use of a bodily organ may lead to its degeneration C．human beings hope for a change in the future life D．future life is always predictable 解析：选B　推理判断题。从人类身体变化可以看出，经常使用的，如大脑、手指将变得发达，而不常用的如头发、四肢会退化。‎ C The Internet of Things (IoT) aims to get everything and everyone talking. Attaching sensors (传感器) to “things”， ‎ such as cows, cars and refrigerators, and then giving them unique IP addresses allow them to “talk” to the Internet. Networking company Cisco says that 50 billion Internetconnected devices and objects will be sending data by 2020.‎ But getting back to those cows, cars and refrigerators, what types of data might they actually send? Cows might send their locations or physical conditions. Cars might communicate low oil levels and automatically schedule their own maintenance (维修). And refrigerators might send owners text messages reminding them it's time to buy milk and eggs.‎ The IoT will allow people to track things and processes like never before. Airplane manufacturers will be able to continuously track the condition of airplane parts, allowing them to do preventive (预防性的) maintenance and avoid costly downtime. Consumers could place smart devices in their ‎ homes to monitor energy usage and observe energy price changes in real time. That would allow people to change their habits and use electrical appliances during lowerpriced hours.‎ Some critics fear that the IoT could end up being a fad (流行) that people lose interest in over time. Other critics are doubtful that companies making Internetconnected appliances will provide longterm software updates. If that happens, a refrigerator or washing machine that should last 10 years or more could last two or three due to software that's outdated.‎ Early this year, owners of the Tesla Model S electric car ‎ received a recall notice reminding them of a charger plug needing to be fixed. Amazingly, owners of the Model S sat back while the company performed an “over the air”wireless update. Customers confirmed the update by tapping on the car's touch screen to see that the Model S was running the latest software version. No trip to the dealer was required!‎ Perhaps Tesla's remote fix is a sign of things to come. Someday soon, people's lives might become a lot more efficient and convenient thanks to the IoT.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是物联网——物联网指把各种物体与信息传感设备相结合形成一个巨大网络，其目的是方便用户识别和管理。‎ ‎7．What can we learn from Paragraphs 2 & 3?‎ A．How the IoT works.‎ B．Why the IoT is so popular.‎ C．Who will benefit from the IoT.‎ D．What problems the IoT is facing.‎ 解析：选A　段落大意题。第二段是对“what types of data might they actually send？”的解释，而第三段进一步解释了物联网的功能，这些都是对物联网如何运转的介绍。‎ ‎8．The example of the Tesla Model S electric car is used to show ________.‎ A．the complexity of the IoT B．the convenience of the IoT C．the value of the Tesla electric car D．the popularity of the Tesla electric car 解析：选B　推理判断题。由倒数第二段的“owners of the Model S sat back while the company performed an ‘over the air’ wireless update”可知，汽车车主只需要坐着等待就可以享受维修升级服务，故该事例说明了物联网的便捷性。‎ ‎9．What's the author's attitude towards the future of the IoT?‎ A．Hopeful. B．Worried.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Disappointed.‎ 解析：选A　作者态度题。由最后一段的“Someday soon, people's lives might become a lot more efficient and convenient thanks to the IoT.”可知，作者对物联网的未来充满了希望。‎ ‎10．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Fad is disappearing! B．It's time to change!‎ C．Internet is coming! D．It's all connected!‎ 解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文是对物联网的介绍——物联网指把各种物体与信息传感设备相结合形成一个巨大网络，其目的是方便用户识别和管理。D项中的connected一词正好说明了物联网把各种物品和网络连接起来的这一特性。‎