高考英语一轮复习构想演练大冲关题点题型全训演练十新人教版 4页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 演练十 常考题点对点练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2017·江苏中学质检改编)No one in the department but Tom and I ________ (know) that the director is going to resign. 解析：句意为：除了我和汤姆，部门里没人知道经理即将辞职。主语后有 but 连接的成 分时，谓语动词的单复数与 no one 一致，由 is going to 确定用一般现在时。 答案：knows 2．(2017·湖南中学模拟改编)He has donated some money to those who live in poverty, which ________ (be) of great help. 解析：句意为：他给那些生活贫困的人捐了一些钱，这帮了大忙。which 引导非限制性 定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面主句的内容，故从句谓语动词应用单数；根据空前的 has donated 可知此处应用一般现在时，故填 is。 答案：is 3．(2017·湖南月考改编)Professor James will give us a lecture on Western culture, and he as well as his assistants ________ (be) to arrive by air. 解析：句意为：詹姆斯教授将给我们做一次关于西方文化的演讲，他和他的助理将乘飞 机到达。主语后有 as well as 连接的成分时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与主语保持一致。 答案：is 4．In a lecture hall of a university in England ________ (sit) a professor yesterday. 解析：表地点的介词短语位于句首需要倒装，由于动作已发生故用过去式。 答案：sat 5 ． So clearly ________ he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 解析：本句是 So...＋that 句型的倒装结构，句子主语为 he，根据后半部分的 can 可 知需用一般现在时。 答案：does 6．Every day ________ (read) a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized. 解析：祈使句往往以动词(短语)原形开头，表示“建议、要求”等含义。句意为：每天 大声读几遍格言，直到你记住它为止。 答案：read 7．If ________ (ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. 解析：本句补全为：If you are asked to...由此可知句子的主语 you 与谓语动词 ask 之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。 答案：asked 8．(2013·天津卷改编)It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan. 解析：此句为含有 not until...的强调句式，故答案为 that。句意为：直到快接近信 的结尾处她才提到了她自己的计划。 答案：that 9．(2017·湖南怀化一模改编)More than one doctor ________ (be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake. 解析：句意为：许多医生都加入到了震后的营救工作中。“more than one＋可数名词 单数”作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据从句用一般过去时可知，主句也应用 一般过去时。故填 was。 答案：was 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 10．(2013·全国卷Ⅱ改编)It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. 解析：去掉了 It was 及设空处之后，句子结构仍然完整，由此可见，此句是对 only 修饰的时间状语从句的强调。句意为：只有在读了这些文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到他面 临的任务很难完成。 答案：that 11．(2017·山东重点中学联考)Yes, of course they celebrate Christmas here, and there are obviously displays in shops and Christmas markets, but ________ seem to be no signs of Christmas adverts. 解析：句意为：当然他们在这里庆祝圣诞节，而且很显商店和圣诞节市场里有很多展览 品，但是似乎没有圣诞广告的迹象。考查 there be 句型，be 动词可用 lie, exist, seem, remain 等替代。 答案：there 12．On top of the hill ________ (stand) a temple, which dates back to the ages of the Song Dynasty. 解析：考查倒装句。句意为：在山顶上有一座寺庙，它始建于宋朝。表示地点的介词短 语位于句首，句子要完全倒装；句子主语是 a temple, stand 要用第三人称单数形式。 答案：stands Ⅱ.单句改错 1．(2013·浙江卷短文改错)Good night and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend. ________ 解析：考查主谓一致，该句主语为 you，故谓语动词应用 are。 答案：is→are 2．In all his life, Dickens wrote a large number of excellent novels, of which some is still popular nowadays.________ 解析：句意为：在狄更斯的一生中，他写了大量的优秀小说，其中一些至今仍然很受欢 迎。定语从句中的主语 some 表示的是 some novels，故谓语动词用复数。 答案：is→are 3 ． I'm going to spend the summer vacation in Shanghai, where live my grandmother.________ 解析：句意为：我将去上海过暑假，我奶奶住在那里。在 where 引导的定语从句中，从 句中的主语 grandmother 是单数，且时态是一般现在时，故将 live 改为 lives。 答案：live→lives 4．I have a habit of taking a coffee, which make me feel energetic when I have to stay up late.________ 解析：句意为：我有喝咖啡的习惯，这让我在不得不熬夜的时候精力充沛。which 引导 的定语从句修饰前面的 taking a coffee, which 在定语从句中作主语，故谓语动词应用单 数，将 make 改为 makes。 答案：make→makes 5．(2014·四川卷短文改错)Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off. ________ 解析：考查主谓一致。主语 a fire alarm 为单数，故 go 改为 goes。 答案：go→goes 6．Reading this story, and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.________ 解析：句意为：读了这个故事，你会意识到不是所有东西都可以用金钱买到。题干为“祈 使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，故设空处应用动词原形，故填 Read。 答案：Reading→Read 高考题型综合练 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 Ⅰ.语法填空 (2017·淄博模拟) According to data from population reports and statistics made by the World Bank, Japanese people in 2013 __1__ (live), on average, to 83 years old, and the country itself ranks __2__ the top five nations with the longest life expectancy (预 期寿命)． __3__ major contributor to Japan's high life expectancy and overall health is their diet, as determined by the country's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. According to a recent study __4__ (publish) by the BMJ, Japanese people __5__ kept on the traditional Japanese diet during the 15－year study had a mortality rate (死亡率) 15% lower than those who did not. Further, those who __6__ keep were also __7__ (little) likely to suffer from some diseases. Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare __8__ (break) the traditional Japanese diet down in their version of the food pyramid, called the “Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top”. Though the Japanese diet gives special __9__ (important) to high intakes of fish and soybean products instead of fats, it is __10__ (general) a balance of grains, vegetables, fish and meat, and milk and fruits. However, the guide also includes snacks, sweets, cakes and alcoholic drinks, which can be consumed in control, rather than completely rejected. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇调查报告。日本位居预期寿命最长的五个国家之首，饮食是 日本人长寿的主要原因。本文主要分析了日本传统饮食的特点以及国家对国民饮食的指导。 1．lived 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“in 2013”可知，谓语动词应用一般过去 时。故填 lived。 2．on/among 考查介词。句意为：日本人 2013 年的平均寿命是 83 岁，位居预期寿命 最长的五个国家之首。on the top 意为“在顶部”；此句也可理解为：位居预期寿命最长 的五个国家当中，用 among。故填 on/among。 3．A 考查冠词。空格处修饰名词“contributor”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且 major 的读音以辅音音素开头。故填 A。注意首字母大写。 4．published 考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语“study”与 publish 之间构成被动关系， 因此应用所给词的过去分词形式作后置定语。故填 published。 5．who/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为 “Japanese people”，指人，从句中缺少主语。故填 who/that。 6．did 考查谓语动词的强调结构。根据上文中的“had”和“did not”可知，此处应 用一般过去时，谓语动词表示强调应借助于助动词 did。故填 did。 7．less 考查副词的比较级。根据句意及上文中的“lower”可知，此处应用形容词 little 的比较级形式。故填 less。 8．breaks 考查动词的时态。本句主语是“Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare”，故谓语动词应用单数形式。本段叙述的是客观事实，故时态主要是一般现在时。 故填 breaks。 9．importance 考查词性转换。形容词“special”应修饰名词。故填 important 的名 词形式 importance。 10．generally 考查词性转换。根据语境可知，日本饮食通常也是谷类、蔬菜类、鱼 类、肉类以及牛奶和水果的一个平衡。generally 意为“通常”，在句中作状语。故填 generally。 Ⅱ.短文改错 (2017·甘肃兰州考试) Dear Sir/Madam， I'm a student in Lanzhou University. I got the news from the newspaper that you need an art editor for our magazine. I'm quitely interested in this job. First, I only have classes three days a week and I'm willing to devoting some of my spare time to serving other. Second, I have been learning painting after I 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 was a small boy. So far I have already won several prize in the painting. Last but no least I once work as an art editor for a local newspaper in my hometown. So I have confidence in doing the job well. I formally apply for the job and sincerely hope I can accepted. Yours faithfully， Wooly 答案： Dear Sir/Madam， I'm a student in Lanzhou University. I got the news from the newspaper that you need an art editor for ouryour magazine. I'm quitelyquite interested in this job. First, I only have classes three days a week and I'm willing to devotingdevote some of my spare time to serving otherothers. Second, I have been learning painting aftersince I was a small boy. So far I have already won several prizeprizes in the painting. Last but nonot least I once workworked as an art editor for a local newspaper in my hometown. So I have confidence in doing the job well. I formally apply for the job and sincerely hope I can∧be accepted. Yours faithfully， Wooly