2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习学案：Unit7课时跟踪练(一)Warm-up&Lesson1—Prereading 6页

课时跟踪练(一) Warm-up & Lesson 1— Pre-reading Ⅰ.阅读理解 A About 97% of the world's water is salty and is found in our oceans and seas. But, as we can't drink seawater, how can it be important? ‎ Every part of our seas and oceans contains an amazing number of animals and fish that live at different ocean depths. Most of the different species of animals and fish depend on simple plants for their food. These simple plants called algae (海藻) drift near the surface of the ocean and use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into food and oxygen. In fact, algae produce over half of the oxygen people breathe. How important seawater is! ‎ Each plant or animal in our seas and oceans is an important link in a food chain. The algae are eaten in large amounts by microscopic animals, which are in turn consumed by larger animals. These food chains are delicately balanced. ‎ The bad news about the food chains in the oceans is that they are under threat because of man. People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn't matter if we dumped rubbish into them or caught huge quantities of fish and whales for food. But we now know this is not true, and fish stocks in the oceans have started to drop. ‎ Thankfully, the world is taking steps to protect the future of our oceans by introducing international agreements to protect marine habitats. Most countries have introduced fishing restrictions to protect fish stocks in the oceans, and new techniques are being pioneered to cope with pollution. Finally, the importance of protecting oceans is being made known to more people. This is just the beginning of a long process to protect the oceans for our future. We depend on the oceans for fish which are an important part of the human diet. How important seawater is! ‎ ‎1．Which of the following is the proper order of the food chain? ‎ A．small animals→algae→microscopic animals→large animals→man ‎ B．algae→microscopic animals→large animals→larger animals→man C．small animals→algae→large animals→microscopic animals→man D．microscopic animals→algae→large animals →larger animals→man 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二、三段内容可知答案。‎ ‎2．From the passage, we learn that________. ‎ ‎ A．most fish and sea animals live at the surface of the seas B．it is very difficult to break the balance of a food chain C．excessive fishing has caused the decrease in fish stock D．it won't be long before the problems concerning oceans will be solved 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“... fish stocks in the oceans have started to drop”可知大量捕捉鱼类肯定会造成鱼类储量的下降；根据第二段首句可知选项A不正确；根据第三段中的“These food chains are delicately balanced.”可知选项B不正确；根据最后一段中的“This is just the beginning of a long process to protect the oceans for our future.”可知选项D不正确。‎ ‎3．Which of the following is NOT a way being used to protect oceans? ‎ A．The use of international agreements. ‎ B．Forbidding fishing to protect fish stocks.‎ C．The use of new techniques. ‎ D．Raising people's awareness of the need to protect oceans.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知很多国家通过限制捕鱼数量来保护鱼类，但不是禁止捕鱼；其他几种措施在最后一段中都可找到。‎ ‎4．What would be the best title of the passage?‎ A．The importance of seawater B．Life in the oceans C．How to protect food chains D．How to deal with seawater pollution 解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据文章的第一段，以及第二段和最后一段的末句可知文章的中心是在说明海水的重要性。‎ B Early in the 16th century men were trying to reach Asia by traveling west from Europe. In order to find Asia they had to find a way past South America. The man who eventually found the way from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific was Ferdinand Magellan.‎ ‎ Magellan sailed from Seville in September 1519 with five ships and about 266 men. Thirteen months later, after spending a severe winter on the coast of Patagonia, he discovered the channel which is now called Magellan's Strait. In November 1520, after many months of dangers from rocks and storms, during which two ships were lost, the three remaining ships entered the ocean on the other side of South America. ‎ ‎ They then continued, hoping to reach Asia. But they did not see any land until they reached the islands off the coast of Asia. Before they arrived at these islands, later known as the Philippines, his men were dying of starvation. While they were staying in the Philippines, Magellan was killed in battle. The remaining officers then had to get back to Spain. They decided to sail round Africa. After many difficulties, one ship with eighteen men sailed into Seville three years after leaving. They were all that remained of Magellan's expedition. However, their achievement was great. They were the first men to sail round the world.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述的是麦哲伦及其船队第一次从欧洲向西航行到亚洲进而完成环球航行的探险之旅。‎ ‎5．The purpose of Magellan's expedition was________.‎ A．to sail round the world B．to find a sea route to ‎India C．to make a voyage to ‎Asia D．to carry men to ‎Philippines 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的内容，我们可以知道，欧洲人试图向西航行，经大西洋到太平洋，然后到达亚洲，从而找到一条从海上去亚洲的路线。‎ ‎6．The time Magellan's Strait was discovered was________.‎ A．in August 1519 B．in October 1520‎ C．in November 1520 D．not mentioned 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句内容可知，麦哲伦是在1520年10月发现Magellan's Strait“麦哲伦海峡”的。‎ ‎7．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage concerning the expedition?‎ A．Lack of navigation equipment.‎ B．Severe winter in Patagonia.‎ C．The death of Magellan.‎ D．Dangers from rocks and storms.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。通读全文我们可以发现，全文没有提及navigation equipment“航海设备”方面的问题。故选A。‎ ‎8．What is the best title for the passage?‎ A．Magellan's Expedition B．The Discovery of the ‎Philippines C．The Most Dangerous Expedition in Navigation D．The First Expedition to ‎Asia 解析：选D　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是麦哲伦及其船队第一次从海上去亚洲的探险之旅。故D为最佳选项。‎ C For years, the giant squid (大王乌贼) had remained a modern mystery. Living in the dark depths of the ocean, the creature is difficult for scientists to observe directly. It had also managed to avoid all attempts to film it. That changed last July: for the first time ever, scientists were able to catch the giant squid on video in its natural habitat. They were amazed by what they saw. The scientists filmed the squid in the North Pacific Ocean, south of Tokyo‎, ‎Japan. They followed it ‎ down to a depth of 2,952 feet. They shot more than 23 minutes of video before the squid swam off into even darker depths. The video footage will be released to the public later this month on The Discovery Channel.‎ Tsunemi Kubodera, a zoologist at Japan's National Museum of Nature and Science, led the team that filmed the squid. The team went into the ocean in a small submarine with lights invisible to both humans and squid. Since giant squid eat smaller squid, the scientists released a small squid as bait (诱饵). Then the scientists waited in the pitch black for the giant squid to approach.‎ The color video shows the creature floating vertically, eating the bait squid. The giant squid is 9 to 10 feet long and is missing its two longest tentacles (触须). With those tentacles, it could have measured up to 26 feet long. It has huge black eyes, the size of dinner plates, “It was shining and so beautiful，” Kubodera said.‎ Because the deep ocean is so unfriendly to humans, little is known about the giant squid. Scientists say catching the mysterious creature on video is an important step toward understanding it. For centuries, sailors had reported seeing a huge, oceandwelling beast, thought to be the giant squid. The creature is also believed to be the subject of the Nordic myth of the kraken, a sea creature that supposedly attacked ships in Scandinavian waters over the past thousands of years.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普类说明文。大王乌贼生活在深海，人们很难有机会看到它，长期以来人们对它知之甚少。最近科学家在深海拍摄到了这种神秘的生物，有望揭开其神秘的面纱。‎ ‎9．Why is it difficult to film the giant squid?‎ A．Because it is illegal to film the giant squid.‎ B．Because it is too expensive to make such a film.‎ C．Because the giant squid lives in the dark deep ocean.‎ D．Because the giant squid is dangerous to humans.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Living in the dark depths of the ocean, the creature is difficult for scientists to observe directly.”可知，因为大王乌贼生活在大洋深处，所以人们很难拍摄到它。‎ ‎10．We can learn from the first paragraph that scientists ________.‎ A．first saw the giant squid in the ocean B．discovered a new sea creature in the ocean C．have the ocean bottom secretly recorded on video D．have first caught the legendary giant squid on video 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，科学家在北太平洋下到深度为2 ‎952英尺的地方第一次拍摄了一段23分钟长的有关大王乌贼的视频。因此D项正确。‎ ‎11．According to the passage, the giant squid's longest tentacles can be ________.‎ A．16 to 17 feet long　　　 B．9 to 10 feet long C．more than 26 feet long D．about 36 feet long 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，这只大王乌贼有9到‎10英尺长，算上它的触须可达到‎26英尺长，由此可得出这只大王乌贼最长的触须有16到‎17英尺长。‎ ‎12．The scientists released a small squid in the ocean to ________.‎ A．increase the number of the giant squid B．trick the giant squid into coming out C．make an educational film about it D．show concern for the giant squid 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since giant squid eat smaller squid, the scientists released a small squid as bait.”可知，科学家在大洋里放一条小乌贼目的是将大王乌贼引诱出来。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Did you ever look at your parents and wish they were healthier? You're not the only one. We did a survey of kids. __1__ 69% of the kids would like their parents to make changes to be healthier. We also surveyed parents. They'd work extra hard to get healthier, if their kids asked them to.‎ Here are the tips on talking to your parents about their health habits.‎ ‎▲ Create an idea list. Try to remember what got you thinking about this topic. Is there an unhealthy thing you'd like to see them stop doing, or do less often? Get your list together. ‎ ‎▲ Practice how to say it. Changing can be hard. And it's not always easy to heat that someone you love thinks you need to do it. __2__‎ If your parents wanted you to make a change, how would you like them to ask? A gentle, earing way often works best. ‎ ‎▲ __3__ In our survey, 85% of kids said they's be willing to make healthy changes if it would help the whole family. You might be willing to go for a walk together after dinner, let your parents know you're willing to make an effort.‎ ‎▲ Make a decision. __4__ It can be trouble if your goal is too general or you don't have steps in mind.‎ ‎▲ __5__ Encourage your parents as the family starts making changes. An extra hug or a homemade card of encouragement can give them what they need to keep going down the healthy road. ‎ A．Cheer them on.‎ B．Be willing to help.‎ C．Find the right person to talk with.‎ D．Parents care more about their kids' health.‎ E．It helps to pick a single goal and be detailed.‎ F．46% said they worry about their parents' health.‎ G．So you'll want to bring up this topic in just the right way.‎ 答案：1～5　FGBEA