高中英语Unit 5 First aid--Period One Warming Up，Pre­ 10页

‎　Unit 5　First aid Period One　Warming Up，Prereading and Reading ‎1 First_aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的病人给予的临时救助。(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 They aided the poor country with money.‎ 他们用钱帮助那些贫困村。‎ He aided me in business.‎ 他在事业上帮助我。‎ 归纳拓展 aid sb.帮助某人 aid sb. in sth.在某方面帮助某人 aid sb. with sth.以某物帮助某人 aid sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 in aid of支持；为……筹借 完成句子 ‎(1)We should be able to read English articles without_the_aid_of_a_dictionary(不借助词典的帮助)．‎ ‎(2)When he got hurt，we immediately gave_him_first_aid(对他实施急救)．‎ ‎2 Often the illness or injury is not serious，...通常这种病或受伤并不严重，……(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 He injured his knee playing hockey.‎ 他打曲棍球时膝盖受了伤。‎ What you said was an injury to her fame.‎ 你说的话损害了她的名声。‎ 归纳拓展 injure v．受伤，损害 injured adj.受伤的 injurer n．伤害者，施害者 翻译句子 ‎(1)Nine people died and fiftyfour were injured in the accident.‎ 在这次事故中，9人死亡，54人受伤。‎ ‎(2)All the passengers in the vehicle escaped injury.‎ 这辆车上的乘客均未受伤。‎ ‎3 bleeding在流血(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 Doctors used to bleed people when they were ill.‎ 从前医生常常给病人放血。‎ If you cut your finger，it will bleed.‎ 如果你割破手指，它会流血。‎ 归纳拓展 bleed for 为……流血；为……深感悲痛 bleed to death流血过多而死 blood n．血液 demand blood for blood要求以血还血 be of the same blood是同一家族的 完成句子 ‎(1)Our hearts bleed_for(为……悲伤)the homeless people during this cold winter.‎ ‎(2)He lay on the floor bleeding_profusely(鲜血直流)．‎ ‎4 You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease，poisons and the sun’s harmful rays.你有三层皮肤充当屏障，使你免遭疾病、毒药和有害光线的侵害。(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 This kind of mushroom contains a deadly poison.‎ 这种蘑菇含剧毒。‎ He was suspected of poisoning his wife.‎ 他被怀疑毒死了自己的妻子。‎ 归纳拓展 poison n．可作可数名词和不可数名词，意为“毒药；毒害”，其比喻意义为“毒害，弊害”。‎ poisonous adj.有毒的 完成句子 ‎(1)He tried to kill himself by_taking_poison(服毒)．‎ ‎(2)Envy of his friend’s success poisoned_his_mind(使他产生邪念)．‎ ‎5 Examples include burns caused by electric shocks，burning clothes，or severe petrol fires.例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或因汽油起火引起的烧伤。(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 It’s so hot today，and the electric fan isn’t working.‎ 今天天很热，况且电扇也不能用。‎ The electricity was cut off for several days.‎ 电源被切断了好几天。‎ 归纳拓展 electricity n．电流，电荷；电 electrical adj.电力的，电动的，与电力有关的 electrician 电工；电气技师；电学家 electrify vt.使通电，使充电，使电气化 electronic adj.电子的 完成句子 ‎(1)There are some electrical_books(有关电的书)on the desk.‎ ‎(2)His father works as an electrician(电工)in the factory.‎ ‎6 Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment.例子包括轻微的晒伤，或者由于短暂的接触热锅、电炉或熨斗而导致的烫伤。(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 The patient has a mild fever.那个病人有些轻微的发烧。‎ He has a mild nature.他的性格温和。‎ 归纳拓展 mild adj.(烟、酒等)味淡的；温和的，温柔的，文雅的 a mild winter不太冷的冬天 a mild drug平和的药物 a mild man性情温和的男人 a mild cigar淡味的雪茄 mildly adv.柔和地，和善地；谨慎地 mildness n．温和，温暖 佳句背诵 ‎(1)The cheese is very mild.‎ 这种奶酪味道清淡。‎ ‎(2)The sentence was mild.‎ 刑判得很轻。‎ ‎7 You can get burned by a_variety_of things：...你可能被各种各样的东西烧伤：……(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 We all need variety in our diet.‎ 我们都需要饮食多样化。‎ An apple is a variety of fruit.‎ 苹果是一种水果。‎ 归纳拓展 a variety of＋复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数 the variety of＋复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数 various adj.各种各样的，不同的，种种的 variously adv.各种各样地，不同地 vary v．改变；使多样化 varied adj.多变化的；各种各样的，不同的 翻译句子 ‎(1)他们的爱好五花八门。‎ Their_hobbies_are_many_and_various.‎ ‎(2)物价随季节而变动。‎ Prices_vary_with_the_seasons.‎ ‎8 Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.萨姆把水疱弄破把从冰箱里弄出来的冰水倒在上面。(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 Tears were pouring down her face.‎ 泪水哗哗地沿着她的脸颊流淌下来。‎ Sit down and I’ll pour you a drink.‎ 坐下来，我去给你倒杯饮料。‎ 归纳拓展 pour sth. into...把……倒进……‎ pour cold water on sth.给(某事)泼冷水 pour down倾盆而下 pour out倒出；倾诉，倾吐 完成句子 ‎(1)Her parents poured_cold_water_on_her_plan(对她的这个计划泼冷水)．‎ ‎(2)She began pouring_out_her_fears_about_the_future(倾吐她对未来的恐惧)．‎ ‎9 For second degree burns，...，squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area ‎ over_and_over_again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.对于二度烧伤，……，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 He read the poem over and over again till he could recite it.‎ 他一遍又一遍地朗读那首诗，直到他会背为止。‎ I’ve point it out to you over and over again.‎ 我已经一遍又一遍地给你指出了。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(all) over again再次；重新 over and over一再地，反复地 again and again反复地；再三 once again再次 time and again多次；一再地 time after time多次；不断地 完成句子 ‎(1)I’ve warned him over_and_over_again(一再，再三)not to do that.‎ ‎(2)Read it once_again(再次)．‎ Hold the bandage in_place with tape.用胶布把绷带固定好。(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 I like to have everything in place.‎ 我喜欢东西都摆得井井有条。‎ I hope you left all the books in the library in place.‎ 我希望你把图书馆的书都放在适当的地方。‎ 归纳拓展 a place in the sun好的境遇 from place to place从一处到另一处，处处 give place to...让位于……‎ in place of代替 out of place不适合，不恰当 places of interest名胜 完成句子 ‎(1)He has a good habit of keeping_all_the_things_in_place(使东西井井有条)．‎ ‎(2)He felt very out_of_place(格格不入)among them.‎ ‎...，squeezing them out and placing them on...拧出水后再放在……(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 You should squeeze out some time to visit your old friend.‎ 你应该挤出点时间去拜访你的老朋友。‎ The boss squeezed out the last drop of blood of the worker.‎ 老板榨干了工人身上的最后一滴血。‎ 归纳拓展 squeeze...out of压出，挤出；榨取 squeeze sth. out of sb.强迫(某人)说出 完成句子 ‎(1)The child tried his best to squeeze_the_juice_out_of_an_apple(榨出苹果汁)．‎ ‎(2)We tried our best to squeeze_the_truth_out_of_him(强迫他说出真相)．‎ First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls_ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予的临时救助。(回归课本)‎ 用法点拨 The moment he returned to the city，he fell ill.‎ 他一回到这个城市就生病了。‎ Shortly before Christmas she fell ill.‎ 圣诞节前不久她生病了。‎ 归纳拓展 fall在这里是系动词，在短语中意为“变得，变成”‎ fall asleep入睡 fall silent沉默 翻译句子 ‎(1)读着书的时候他睡着了。‎ When_reading_a_book，he_fell_asleep.‎ ‎(2)他们突然沉默了。‎ They_suddenly_fell_silent.‎ ‎1So as you can imagine,if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.因此，你可以想像到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。‎ 用法点拨 can be very serious意为“有时候会很严重”。在can be＋adj.结构中can意为“有时候会……，可能会……”。‎ Going on a trip to a faraway destination can be expensive and difficult.‎ 到遥远的目的地旅行有时候会花很多钱而且会有困难。‎ The climate of East China can be pretty hot in winter.‎ 华东地区冬天的气候有时候会相当热。‎ 佳句背诵 ‎(1)Experienced travellers may prefer to make their own arrangements，but the advice of a travel agent can be helpful.‎ 有经验的旅行者可能更喜欢自己做出安排，但旅行社的建议有时候是有帮助的。‎ ‎(2)Even minor head injury can be serious.‎ 头部既使受轻伤也可能很严重。‎ ‎2It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes.最好是把烧伤的部位放在慢速流动的自来水下冲洗大约10分钟。‎ 用法点拨 在这类结构中，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。‎ It’s hard to get along with him.和他相处很难。‎ It’s a pleasure to chat with you.‎ 跟你在一起聊天是件高兴的事。‎ 归纳拓展 常用类似结构的还有：‎ It is/seems/feels＋adj.＋to do sth.‎ It’s＋n.＋to do sth.‎ It＋动词短语＋to do sth.‎ 佳句背诵 ‎(1)It seems impossible to cure the disease at present.‎ 目前治愈这种疾病好像不可能。‎ ‎(2)It’s an honor to be invited to speak here.‎ 应邀在这儿讲话是件荣幸的事。‎ ‎(3)It makes great sense to plant trees on the hill.‎ 在山上种树是件有意义的事。‎ 烧伤的急救 皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体的最大器官。皮肤有三层，它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。皮肤的功能十分复杂。皮肤可以保暖或御寒，保持体内水分。正是皮肤使你感到冷热、疼痛，它还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象的到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。在治疗烧伤的过程中，紧急处理是非常重要的第一步。‎ 烧伤的原因：‎ 你可能由于各种原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)，阳光、电和化学物品。‎ 烧伤的种类：‎ 烧伤有三类：根据皮肤烧伤的层次分为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。‎ 一度烧伤：只损伤皮层的最上层。烧伤并不严重，应当在一两天内就有好转。例如轻度的晒伤，由于短暂接触热锅、火炉或熨斗而导致的烫伤。‎ 二度烧伤：既损伤了皮肤的最上层，又损伤了皮质的第二层。这类烧伤属于严重性的，需数星期才能痊愈。例如，严重的晒伤和灼热的液体所造成的烫伤。‎ 三度烧伤：所有三层皮质以及皮下的组织和器官都受到损害。例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或因汽油起火引起的烧伤。这些烧伤都属于非常严重的烧伤，受伤者必须立即送往医院。‎ 烧伤的特性：‎ 一度烧伤：干燥、发红、微肿 微痛 受压时变白 二度烧伤：粗糙、发红、肿胀 起水泡 三度烧伤：表层渗液 极其疼痛 黑、白和焦炭色相间 肿胀，可看到皮下组织 若损坏了神经，则没有疼痛或轻微疼痛，‎ 或者在创面四周有痛感 急救处理：‎ ‎1．除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉(必要时可用剪刀帮助)。靠近创面的其他衣物和首饰也都要取掉。‎ ‎2．马上用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不能用冰水。最好是把烧伤的部位放在慢速流动的自来水下冲洗大约10分钟。(凉水可以阻止烧伤的进程，可以防止无法忍受的疼痛，还可以减轻肿胀程度)。三度烧伤不可用冷水冲。‎ ‎3．对于一度烧伤的患者，要把清凉干净的温布放在烧伤面上，直到疼痛感较轻时为止。对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。‎ ‎4．轻轻地把烧伤面弄干，但不要擦拭，因为这样做可能会擦破水泡，伤口会感染。‎ ‎5．用干而清洁又不粘皮肤的绷带盖住烧伤面，用胶布把绷带固定，千万不要在烧伤处涂黄油、油或软膏，因为这会使里面的热散不出去，而且还可能导致感染。‎ ‎6．如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，尽可能把手臂或腿脚抬高到高于心脏的位置。如果是面部烧伤，伤者则应该坐起来。‎ ‎7．如果属于二度或三度烧伤，就必须立即把患者送往医院或送去看医生。‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The driver of the car received serious injuries(伤害，受伤)to the legs and arms.‎ ‎2．My finger is bleeding(流血，出血)．‎ ‎3．I think good beginning is essential(必要的)to our plans.‎ ‎4．Are all the children being poisoned(中毒)by lead in the atmosphere?‎ ‎5．The heart and the brain are the most important organs.‎ ‎6．The child has only a mild fever and doesn’t need to see a doctor.‎ ‎7．After squeezing the water out of the shirt，she hung it in the sun.‎ ‎8．Cough is an obvious symptom of cold.‎ Ⅱ.短语填空 in place,over and over again,fall ill,squeeze out,give first aid,stick to,take off,depend on ‎1．You’d better put things back in_place.Otherwise，it will be difficult to find out.‎ ‎2．Every one of us should learn some basic knowledge of give_first_aid，in case of emergencies.‎ ‎3．He didn’t come to school yesterday，because he fell_ill.‎ ‎4．The mother was squeezing the juice out of a lemon(柠檬) to feed her baby.‎ ‎5．After the doctor rubbed his leg over_and_over_again，he felt it less painful.‎ ‎6．He got burnt so badly that his clothes stuck_to his skin.‎ ‎7．Take_off your clothes if the burns don’t stick to your skin.‎ ‎8．Whether we can go out depends_on the weather.‎ Ⅲ.句型转换 ‎1．He sang the song again and again.‎ He sang the song over and over again.‎ ‎2．Please put the books in the right place where they should be.‎ Please put the books in place.‎ ‎3．I’ll come to see you if it is possible.‎ I’ll come to see you if possible.‎ ‎4．My mother doesn’t allow me to go out.‎ My mother prevents me from going out.‎ ‎5．Putting this sentence into English is not easy.‎ It’s not easy to put this sentence into English.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．Our teacher told us to say the word in English over_and_over_again(反复)．‎ ‎2．Unless_he_makes_an_apology(除非他道歉)，I’ll refuse to come.‎ ‎3．We must protect our children from(保护……免于)diseases.‎ ‎4．Though he was easy to_be_infected_by_SARS(感染上非典病毒)at the hospital，he went on working.‎ ‎5．Thanks_to_your_aid(多亏了你的帮助)，I managed to run the company.‎ ‎6．You know that visitors are_not_allowed_to_touch_the_exhibits(不能触摸展品)．‎ Ⅴ.单项填空 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．The girl is badly injured.You’d better________first aid to her before taking her to hospital.‎ A．make B．do C．take D．afford 答案　B 解析　句意为：这个女孩受伤很重，你最好送她去医院前对她实施急救。do/give/offer first aid to sb.对……实施急救。‎ ‎2．I tried to________her down but she was still very angry when she left.‎ A．heat B．hot C cool D．cold 答案　C 解析　句意为：我试图让她冷静下来，但是她离开时仍然非常生气。cool/sb. down使某人冷静下来，其它词没有这层意思，故选C项。‎ ‎3．You didn’t have to take the medicine，but your head may________less if you do so.‎ A．hurt B．be hurt C．injure D．be injured 答案　A 解析　句意为：你不必吃药，但是如果你吃的话，你的头痛可能减轻。hurt感到疼痛，而injure是“受伤”的意思。‎ ‎4．Be careful when you cross the very busy street.If not，you may________run over by a car.‎ A．have B．get C．become D．turn 答案　B 解析　句意为：你过马路时当心，否则的话可能会被车辗过。get＋过去分词可以表示“遭遇，遭受(意想不到的事情)”，故选B项。‎ ‎5．John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his Eyes ‎________________________________________________________________________.‎ A．open B．to be opened C．to open D．opening 答案　A 解析　句意为：约翰太困了，几乎都睁不开眼了。keep one’s eyes open睁着眼，故选A项。‎ ‎6．________in the traffic accident________taken to hospital.‎ A．An injuries；was B．The injured；was C．The injuring；were D．The injured；have been 答案　D 解析　句意为：交通事故中的伤者已经被送往医院了。the＋adj.构成一类人，谓语动词用复数，故选D项。‎ ‎7．He smelt something________when he went into the kitchen.‎ A．burning B．burnt C．to burn D．burn 答案　A 解析　句意为；当他走进厨房时闻到有东西烧焦了。smell something burning闻到……烧焦了。‎ ‎8．She________last week and I________her ever since.‎ A．fell ill；looked after B．fell ill；have been looking after C．fell ill；looked after D．have fallen ill；have been looking after 答案　B 解析　本题考查时态，第一个空由于有last week，故用fell ill；第二个空ever since自那以来，经常和完成时态连用，故选B项。‎ ‎9．As we all know，the________blanket is a great help in cold weather.‎ A．electric B．electrical C．electronic D．electricity 答案　A 解析　electric用电的，电动的；electric blanket电热毯；electrical表示与电力的生产与使用有关的，如an electrical fault电力故障，an electrical engineer电力工程师；electronic电子的，电子器件的，故选A项。‎ ‎10．We’d better go and get some firewood________it gets dark.‎ A．after B．when C．until D．before 答案　D 解析　句意为：天黑之前，我们最好去弄些柴火。before在……之前。‎ Ⅵ.完形填空 Lang Lang is a worldclass young pianist who grew up in Shenyang.He went to a piano school in Beijing when he was just eight.“You need__1__，”his father said.“But if you don’t work hard，no fortune will come.”‎ What made him sad was__2__his piano teacher in Beijing didn’t like him.“You have no talent(天赋)．You will never be a pianist.”__3__a nineyearold boy，Lang Lang was badly__4__.He decided that he didn’t want to be a __5__any more.For the next two weeks，he didn’t touch the piano.__6__，his father didn’t push，but waited.‎ Luckily，the day came when his teacher asked him to__7__some holiday songs.He didn’t want to，but as he placed his fingers on the piano keys，he__8__that he could show others that he had talent__9__.That day he told his father __10__he had been waiting to hear—that he wanted to study with a new teacher.__11__that point on，everything turned around.‎ He started__12__competitions(比赛)．In the 1994 International Young Pianists Competition，when it was__13__that Lang Lang had won，he was too__14__to hold back his tears.Soon__15__was clear that he couldn’t stay in China forever—he had to play on the world’s big__16__ .In 1997 Lang Lang __17__again，this time to Philadelphia，U.S..There he spent two years practising，and by 1999 he had worked hard enough for fortune to take over.After his__18__performance at Chicago’s Ravinia Festival，gigs(特邀演出)in Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall started__19__ in.Lang Lang finally worked to reach the place where fortune spots (发现) him，and lets him__20__.‎ ‎1．A. exercise B．fortune C．knowledge D．wealth 答案　B 解析　由下句：“如果你不努力，运气就不会到来。”可知父亲说的是Lang Lang需要“运气”。‎ ‎2．A. whether B．why C．when D．that 答案　D 解析　that引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，又是指确定的内容。‎ ‎3．A. Like B．With C．To D．As 答案　D 解析　as在此用作介词，意为“作为”。‎ ‎4．A. hurt B．weakened C．ruined D．frightened 答案　A 解析　老师的话让Lang Lang受到了极大的伤害。hurt指“感情上的伤害”。‎ ‎5．A. singer B．pianist C conductor D．player 答案　B 解析　句意为“他决定再也不想成为一名钢琴家了。”‎ ‎6．A. Hopefully B．Patiently C．Wisely D．Painfully 答案　C 解析　由“父亲没有催迫他，而是等待”，可知这位父亲的做法是明智的。wisely明智地，英明地。‎ ‎7．A. play B．sing C．write D．study 答案　A 解析　由后文的“but as he placed his fingers on the piano keys，”可知8空所在的句子的意思是：“幸运的是，老师让Lang Lang弹奏一些假日歌曲的一天来了。”‎ ‎8．A. seemed B．admitted C．noticed D．realized 答案　D 解析　当他把手指放在琴键上时才意识到(realized)他能向别人展示他有这种天赋。‎ ‎9．A .in all B．above all C．after all D．at all 答案　C 解析　in all总共；above all首要的是；after all毕竟；终归；at all全然；根本。由句意知选C。‎ ‎10．A. that B．what C．which D．when 答案　B 解析　what引导宾语从句，在句中作hear的宾语，指“听到的内容”。‎ ‎11．A .From B．At C．Since D．After 答案　A 解析　from...on从……起，为固定表达。‎ ‎12．A. receiving B．accepting C．winning D．beating 答案　C 解析　上文提到“一切发生了转折”，这里自然是指“开始赢得比赛”。‎ ‎13．A. told B．mentioned C．announced D．recognized 答案　C 解析　此空所在的句子意为“……，当宣布Lang Lang获胜时，……”。It was announced that..据宣布……。‎ ‎14．A. excited B．encouraged C．shocked D．satisfied 答案　A 解析　在国际比赛上获奖，那自然是excited激动的，兴奋的。‎ ‎15．A. this B．it C．that D．what 答案　B 解析　it在句中充当形式主语。‎ ‎16．A concerts B．tours C competitions D．stages 答案　D 解析　on the world’s big stages在世界大舞台上。competition应与介词in连用。‎ ‎17．A. started B．left C．moved D．performed 答案　C 解析　move to...搬到，移到，此处指去美国费城演出。‎ ‎18．A. successful B．cheerful C．respectful D．meaningful 答案　A 解析　只有演出“成功(successful)”才有后面的特邀演出。‎ ‎19．A. pulling B．breaking C．falling D．pouring 答案　D 解析　特邀在Lincoln Center和Carnegie Hall的演出开始不断涌来。pour涌进。‎ ‎20．A. brighten B．shine C．admire D．develop 答案　B 解析　是Lang Lang的努力使得运气找上门来，让他发出耀眼的光芒。shine意为“表现突出，耀眼”。‎