【英语】2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用练习：必修3Unit4课下作业（一_三） 8页

必修3 Unit 4 课下作业（一~三）‎ 课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Accustomed to the climate (气候) in the countryside, the old couple prefer not to move to the city.‎ ‎2．They completely ignored these problems as if they never existed (存在)．‎ ‎3．We are so far from the earth that we can't feel its pull (牵引力)．‎ ‎4．He was quite puzzled (困惑的) about what to do next, so he turned to his father for help.‎ ‎5．The old scientist told his students that scientific theories (理论) must be based on facts.‎ ‎6．He found something floating (漂浮) on the lake, which frightened him.‎ ‎7．A truck went out of control and crashed (碰撞) into the back of a bus.‎ ‎8．I could feel the wind gently (温和地) blowing through my hair and it was a warm summer breeze.‎ ‎9．Newton was one of the greatest physicists (物理学家) in the world and many people admire him very much.‎ ‎10．Unlike (与……不同) most people in the office who come to work by car, I usually come to work by bus.‎ Ⅱ.语境语法填空 ‎1．The ❶existence (exist) of terrorism lets the world not be stable.Terrorists' activities, many of which are linked to ❷religious (religion) extremism (极端主义), have resulted in a global disaster.They not only bring threat to the safety of humans, but have a ❸harmful (harm) effect on economic growth.Many people are forced to flee their homes because of growing fears of ❹violence (violent)．All governments are paying great attention to this issue, but to stop terrorism is indeed a systematic project, which requires effort, wisdom and cooperation.‎ ‎2．A conflict ❶broke (break) out when the villagers tried to prevent the factory ❷from sending waste water into their fields.The villagers had been watching out ❸for the waste water for some time.They found it was very harmful ❹to their health as well as their crops.Officials came just in time ❺to_stop (stop) the situation getting worse.‎ ‎3．The development of science makes it possible for us ❶to_visit (visit) the moon.But you will find ❷it difficult to stay there.The earth is 49 times ❸the size of the moon.As a result, the gravity of the earth is about six times as great as ❹that of the moon.When we get closer to the moon, we will feel its gravity pulling us, but it is not as strong ❺a pull as the ‎ earth's.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．显而易见，正是团队合作才使得他们去想去的地方成为可能。(make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do)‎ Obviously, it is the teamwork that_makes_it_possible_for_them_to_go anywhere they want to.‎ ‎2．既然我们谁也不知道她的电话号码，只有派人去把消息告诉她了。(now that)‎ Now_that_none_of_us_knows_her_telephone_number,_we will have to send someone to deliver the message.‎ ‎3．李明的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。(倍数表达法) ‎ Li Ming's mobile phone looked just the same as Zhang Hua's, but it cost twice_as_much_as his.‎ ‎4．这些游客们回到宾馆，又累又困。(形容词短语作状语)‎ These travelers returned to the hotel, tired_and_sleepy.‎ ‎5．当这个教授出现时，所有的学生欢呼起来。(cheer)‎ When the professor turned up, all_the_students_cheered_up.‎ ‎6．我的父母一天天的变老，该轮到我开始照顾他们的时候了。(turn)‎ My parents are getting older and older, so it_is_my_turn_to_start looking after them.‎ Ⅳ.语境辨义 根据语境选出动词multiply的词义 ‎1．It is possible to multiply these bacteria in the laboratory.__C__‎ ‎2．In maths class the children are already learning to multiply and divide.__A__‎ ‎3．Our problems have multiplied since last year.__B__‎ 课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练 Ⅰ.根据提示填空 With the development of modern science and technology, we have ❶made_it_possible_to_explore_space (使探索太空成为可能)．While an increasing number of citizens claim that this kind of launch is ❷a_waste_of_time_and_money (浪费时间和金钱) because they hold the view that it can not bring any benefits for them.However, ❸I_hold_the_different_opinions (我持不同的意见)．‎ ‎❹There_is_no_doubt_that (毫无疑问) space exploration will spend much money.However, ❺in_the_long_run (从长远看), it is a long investment and will be ❻beneficial (benefit) to us in the future.To begin with, space ❼exploration (explore) will bring benefits for us to search for natural resource.That is to say, other planets may be rich in ❽various (variety) resources that are in great shortage on the earth.It is reported that Mars ❾‎ contains (contain) a great deal of natural gas and iron.Moreover, engineers have also noticed that these resources on the planet are able to explore and can ❿be_used (use) in the earth if they could solve the problem of transportation.‎ Ⅱ.片段选词填空 produce， planet， nutritious， reach， enjoy one's life， development， treasure， fresh， come true， prevent ‎ Mars is one of the eight major ❶planets of the solar system.There is no liquid water on Mars.With thin carbon dioxide and dust in the atmosphere it is cold and dry all year round.In winter the cold temperature can ❷reach minus 130 degrees centigrade while in summer time it can rise to 27 degrees Celsius.‎ With the rapid ❸development of science and technology, the Mars will change a lot in many ways in the future.Big houses are made by special material which could ❹prevent the radiation of the sun.Moreover, fruits and vegetables on Mars are more ❺nutritious than those on the earth.Also, new energies on Mars do not ❻produce carbon dioxide, or create greenhouse effect.‎ We will find the Mars haven't been polluted.Air and water becomes tidier and ❼fresher than our earth.On the one hand, we can study in the spaceship and work by computer at home instead of going to work regularly.On the other hand, it is very easy for us to visit other stars by spaceship.I hope all these can ❽come_true.But first, we must ❾treasure and protect Mars and avoid it becoming another polluted earth.If all of us try our best to do it, we will ❿enjoy_our_life.‎ 课下作业（三） 高考语篇提能练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·南昌市二模)Astronomers (天文学家) say they are on the point of finding planets like Earth orbiting other stars, which is a key step in determining if we are alone in the universe.‎ A top NASA official and other leading scientists say that within four or five years they should discover the first Earthlike planet where life could develop, or may have already. A planet close to the size of Earth could even be found sometime this year.‎ At the annual American Astronomical Society conference this week, each discovery involving socalled “exoplanets” — those outside our solar system — pointed to the same conclusion: Quiet planets like Earth where life could develop probably are plentiful.‎ NASA's new Kepler telescope and a lot of new research from the suddenly hot and competitive exoplanet field caused noticeable buzz at the meeting. Scientists are talking about being at “an incredible special place in history” and closer to answering a question that has dogged humanity since the beginning of civilization. “Are we alone? For the first ‎ time, there's an optimism that sometime in our lifetimes we're going to get_to_the_bottom_of that，” said Simon Worden, an astronomer who heads NASA's Ames Research Center. “If I were a betting man, which I am, I would bet we're not alone.”‎ ‎“These are big questions that reflect upon the meaning of the human race in the universe，” the director of the Vatican Observatory, the Rev. Jose Funes, said on Wednesday in an interview at this week's conference.‎ Worden told The Associated Press: “I would certainly expect in the next four or five years we'd have an Earthsized planet in the habitable (可居住的) zone.”‎ 语篇解读：天文学家说，他们即将在其他恒星周围找到类似地球的行星，在那里生命可以形成，或者可能已经形成。到那时候就可以回答人类在宇宙中是否孤单这一问题了。 ‎ ‎1．From the first two paragraphs we can learn ________.‎ A．astronomers have found planets like Earth orbiting other stars B．finding other stars is a key step in determining if we are alone C．it's possible that a planet like Earth will be found this year D．scientists say that life has developed on the first Earthlike planet 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“A planet close to the size of Earth could even be found sometime this year.”一颗类似地球的行星可能在今年的某个时候被发现。故答案为C。‎ ‎2．According to the passage an exoplanet is a planet ________.‎ A．like Earth B．outside our solar system C．orbiting the sun D．where life has developed 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段“‘exoplanets’ — those outside our solar system”可得出答案。‎ ‎3．The underlined words “get to the bottom of” in Paragraph 4 probably mean “________”. ‎ A．understand fully B．make full use of C．search for D．do more research on 解析：选A　词义猜测题。西蒙这句话的意思是：我们第一次有了乐观的看法，在我们的有生之年，我们将能弄清这个问题的真相。get to the bottom of“弄清真相，彻底弄明白”。‎ ‎4．From the passage we can learn ________.‎ A．an Earthlike planet has been found B．it's been proved we are not alone in the universe C．Jose Funes has found the meaning of the human race in the universe D．the discovery of an Earthlike planet could happen in the near future 解析：选D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，天文学家们认为在不久的将来，他们将在其他恒星周围找到类似地球的行星，证明人类在宇宙中并不孤单。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·南昌市一模)While your teen may get by OK by waiting until the last possible second to complete his high school science experiment or his math project, procrastination (拖延症) can be a big problem later in life.Your teen's future boss or college professors aren't likely to accept late work — or the excuses that accompany delayed projects.__1__ That means managing his time wisely without requiring constant reminders or assistance from you to get his work done.Here are some steps you can take to teach your teen essential time management skills：‎ ‎__2__ If you're always running late or you miss a lot of deadlines, your teen will follow suit.Practice managing your own time wisely and show your teen that you can accomplish the most important tasks in any given day.‎ Encourage your teen to write down his schedule.Your teen's time may easily get taken up with video games or social media if he's not careful.Teach him to schedule his day so he can set aside time for chores, homework, and other responsibilities.__3__ Then, time doesn't idly pass without feeling like he hasn't done anything fun.‎ Help your teen prioritize (划分优先顺序) activities.__4__ A basketball game and birthday party may coincide.Talk to your teen about how to prioritize activities, based on his values and commitments.‎ Avoid nagging (唠叨)．It can be annoying to nag your teen or offer repeat reminders.__5__ Set rules about your expectations and follow through with consequences when necessary.Then, your teen will learn to manage his time better in the future.‎ A．Model good time management habits.‎ B．Encourage him to schedule free time as well.‎ C．Encourage your teen to establish healthy habits.‎ D．It's common for teens to have conflicts in their schedules.‎ E．It's important to teach your teen how to behave responsibly.‎ F．As a result, many of them have to learn how to manage their time repeatedly.‎ G．And telling your teen to do his work over and over again reduces his responsibility.‎ ‎1．选E　根据空前的“Your teen's future boss or college professors aren't likely to accept late work”可推知，让青少年学会有责任感，不拖延是非常重要的，与下文“Here are some steps you can take to teach your teen essential time management skills”呼应，故选E项。‎ ‎2．选A　根据空处所在位置可知，空处为段落主题句，并结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲的是人们要为青少年树立好的时间管理习惯典范，空后的“follow suit”亦是提示，故选A项。‎ ‎3．选B　空处上文讲的是鼓励青少年写下他的计划，空处下文是说这样时间不会无聊地流逝，故B项“鼓励他也计划一下空闲时间”，与上下文衔接紧密。故选B项。‎ ‎4．选D　根据空后的“A basketball game and birthday party may coincide.”可推知，青少年的日程安排上经常有冲突是很正常的现象，故选D项。‎ ‎5．选G　根据本段主题句“Avoid nagging (唠叨)”及空前的“It can be annoying to nag your teen or offer repeat reminders”可推知，不停地给青少年唠叨他应该做的事情会降低他的责任感，对事情的完成起到相反的作用，因此应该规避，这与选项G的内容呼应，故选G项。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2019·贵阳适应性考试一)Franklin's life is full of charming stories which all young men should know — __1__ he sold books in Boston, and became the guest of kings in Europe; how he was made Major General Franklin, only to quit because, as he said, he was no soldier, and yet helped to organize the army that stood before the trained troops of England and Germany.‎ This poor Boston boy, without a day's schooling, __2__ (become) a master of six languages and never stopped __3__ (study); this neglected apprentice (学徒) conquered lightning, made his name famous, __4__ (receive) degrees and diplomas from many colleges, and became forever remembered as the “Doctor Franklin”， a philosopher, scientist and __5__(politics) leader.‎ Selfmade，selftaught，the candle maker's son gave light __6__ all the world; the street bookseller set all men singing of liberty; the apprentice became the most soughtafter man across the world, and brought his native land to praise and honor him.‎ He built America, for what the nation is today is largely due to the management, the forethought, the wisdom, and the __7__ (able) of Benjamin Franklin.He belongs to the world, but __8__ (especial) he belongs to America.People around the world honored him while he was living; he is still regarded __9__ the loftiest (崇高的) man by the common people today after his death.And he will live in people's __10__ (heart) forever.‎ ‎1．how　考查副词。此处与下文中的“how he was made Major General Franklin”呼应，此处表示事情进行的方式，故用副词how。‎ ‎2．became　考查动词时态。根据下文的and never stopped可知，此处是并列结构，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎3．studying　考查动名词。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，故用动名词作宾语。‎ ‎4．received　考查动词时态。根据语境可知，此处和conquered, made, ‎ became是并列关系，故用一般过去时。 ‎ ‎5．political　考查形容词。修饰名词用形容词，故用形容词political修饰名词leader，在句子中作定语。‎ ‎6．to　考查介词。give sth.to ...意为“给……某物”，故用介词to。‎ ‎7．ability　考查名词。根据冠词the和介词of以及上文的management, forethought和wisdom可知，此处用名词ability表示抽象概念。‎ ‎8．especially　考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，所以应用especial的副词形式，在句子中作状语。故填especially。‎ ‎9．as　考查介词。regard ...as ...意为“把……看作……”，为固定搭配，故用介词as。‎ ‎10．hearts　考查名词复数。heart作“心，内心”时为可数名词，根据空前的people's可知，此处表示复数概念，故用复数名词hearts。‎ Ⅳ.读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ I was 28 years old, the age when most young people have their eyes firmly fixed on the promise of success but I was a failure. Six years earlier, fresh from college, I had joined a dramatic producing company, and had been going into small towns and rural communities producing countrystyle musical comedies. But, in the summer of 1940, the country was in a depression, radio had changed people's tastes, and parttime shows weren't all that big any more. So, jobless and with nothing else in sight, I went back home. Later I got a job as a recreationroom director in my hometown. It paid D|S50 a month, for which I was grateful, but it sure was a dull job.‎ I felt so frustrated with my plan to be a dramatic star. Restless and dissatisfied though I was, it was nice, in a way, to be back home. I tried to teach some of my town's children music and drama. And when I got a chance, I'd try my luck as a performer myself. I'd dress up as a country_girl and tell little stories and jokes that I'd picked up during my years living around country folk. I gave this country girl a name — Minnie_Pearl.‎ One October afternoon I was in the recreation room, waiting for the children when a banker friend, Jim_Walker,_came in and said, “We're going to have a bankers' meeting here. I understand you've been teaching some children dramatics and dancing and singing. Would you let the children entertain the bankers？” I said, yes. Suddenly, he turned and added，“Oh, by the way, the speaker from Chicago is flying here. If he's late, would you mind doing that Minnie Pearl thing？” I told Jim I'd do it.‎ That night the children sang and danced to oldtime, popular songs when I was backstage. After we finished the performance,_Jim came to me. “The speaker's not here yet. You'll have to help us.” “All right，” I told him, “just give me a minute to_dress_up.”‎ 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Then I went out in front of the hundred or so men in the audience.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 　‎ ‎ ‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Then I walked off the stage into the audience, and a banker greeted me.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Then I went out in front of the hundred or so men in the audience. I said, “I'd like to give you my performance of a country_girl.” I started telling them about the wonderful stories and jokes. And the bankers were laughing and applauding. When I ran out of stories, I looked over at Jim_Walker,_and he shook his head. So I started singing old country songs. At the end of the second song, Jim came over to me and said, “The speaker's here. You can stop now.”‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Then I walked off the stage into the audience, and a banker greeted me. He told me that my performance was very interesting and recommended me to a manager of the great country music station. The manager had me come up for an interview and offered me a good job. That changed my whole life. It was the beginning of Minnie_Pearl,_and, to me, the end of my “failure” and the beginning of a new way to share fun with others and look at things.‎