2020届高考英语外研版大一轮复习课后达标检测：必修3Module3 7页

‎(建议用时：45分钟)‎ 阅读理解 ‎(2019·新疆维吾尔自治区适应性检测) Superstorm Sandy slammed into the eastern United States years ago. The winddriven water caused a lot of flooding, especially in the region’s subway system. Now two teens have invented a device that could help prevent future subway floods.‎ In New York City alone, Superstorm Sandy caused an estimated $ 19 billion in damage. Much of the floodwaters entered the subway system through its ventilation grates(通风栅). Those metal grilles usually lie at ground level. When the system is shut down ahead of a flood, engineers try to cover those grates with plywood(胶合板) and sandbags. But the flooding often washes away those measures, which allows water to flow into the tunnels. Raising those grates even a tiny bit above ground level would cost a lot of money. Other ideas have included building tall chimneys around the holes. That would raise the grates and cost a lot of money, too.‎ Kyle and Raymond came up with a different, less expensive idea. They designed a metal grate with a builtin, adjustable cover. When trains are running, one part of the grate slides open to bring in fresh air. But when the system is shut down, that part can be slid shut to completely block the grate.‎ Their grate is the same size as the grates used now. So, it would be simple, they say, to lift out the old grate and drop in a replacement. Their design includes tamperproof features, which can prevent operation mistakes. They make sure that people don’t intentionally shut off airflow during normal conditions. For people with the proper key, it would only take a minute or two to close the grate ahead of a flood.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了几年前超级风暴Sandy猛烈袭击美国东部，造成了洪水灾害，当地的地铁被洪水淹没。为防止地铁再次被洪水淹没，两位少年发明了一种装置。‎ ‎1．What’s the second paragraph mainly about?‎ A．The steps to operate grates.‎ B．The measures to prevent flood.‎ C．The function of plywood and sandbags.‎ D．The disadvantage of present subway system.‎ D　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段第一句可知，据估计超级风暴Sandy仅在纽约市就造成了价值190亿美元的损失。文章接下来分析了超级风暴造成的洪水淹没地铁的原因：目前的地铁系统存在很大的弊端。故本题选D。‎ ‎2．Which of the following words best describes the two teens’ new invention?‎ A．Costly.　　　　　　　　 B．Timesaving.‎ C．Practical. D．Conventional.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一、第二句可知他们使用的栅栏和现在使用的栅栏大小一样，所以很容易就可以把旧的栅栏取出来，放入一个替换栅栏；再结合最后一段最后两句可知，新的装置操作起来也很方便。故选C。‎ ‎3．What’s the purpose of designing the tamperproof feature?‎ A．To replace the old grate correctly.‎ B．To close the grate ahead of a flood.‎ C．To ensure airflow in normal conditions.‎ D．To stop the train speeding up unexpectedly.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第三、第四句可知，设计干预防护的特点可以阻止操作失误，有了干预防护，他们确保人们不会有意地在正常情况下关掉空气流通的功能，故本题选C。‎ ‎4．Where does the text most probably come from?‎ A．A news report.‎ B．An adventurous story.‎ C．An introduction to new equipment.‎ D．A guidebook to making grates.‎ A　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了两位少年发明了一种成本较低、实用的地铁防洪装置以及该装置的特点和优势，应该属于新闻报道类文章，故选A。‎ 完形填空 ‎(2019·合肥教学质检)About six years ago I was going through a tough time, trying to work two jobs to afford my rent. On a cold Sunday morning, I went to GameStop—a video game retailer(零售商), to 1 the game I’d reserved. A woman in a car parked outside called me when I 2 the store. Though it was in broad daylight, I was 3 about it and kept some distance when I walked over. She said she couldn’t walk and 4 me to purchase a Kinect, a popular game, for her as her 5 Christmas gift. Due to her leg disease it was 6 for her to move around. She called ahead but the employee wasn’t willing to 7 . She gave me about $100 in cash AND her credit card.‎ I walked back in and bought the Kinect. Then it occurred to me that this woman, a complete stranger, 8 me. What was it that stopped me from lying about the payment method and just 9 her cash? She couldn’t know I wasn’t a 10 ； and how could she possibly have so much 11 someone?‎ I handed her the cash back, 12 I had to pay with her card—it was above$100 at the time, and handed over the 13 and her credit card.“This is what my son’s been longing for. Thank you! By the way, just from 14 at you, I know you are the one who’ll be a friend to ‎ someone 15 . You have a face of an angel！” she said. She gave me $10 and 16 to take it back. Then she 17 ， saying “Merry Christmas！”‎ She had no idea how much of a 18 even $10 made. I was able to buy a few cheap groceries for the week and it really made a 19 time in my life a little better. She may think I helped her; 20 ， I truly feel like the one who was being gifted something amazing.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”穷困潦倒，在取消自己在游戏零售商那里的订单时，碰到一位腿部有病的女士让“我”帮她买一款游戏作为她送给儿子的圣诞礼物。事后她给了“我”10美元，这10美元使“我”之后一周的生活好过了一点。“我”由此感慨：你帮助了别人，实际上别人也帮助了你。‎ ‎1．A.donate B．cancel C．win D．return B　解析：根据该句中“I went to GameStop—a video game retailer(零售商)，to the game I’d reserved”，并结合上文提到的“我”处境艰难可推知，“我”是去游戏零售商那里取消订单的，故B项“取消”符合语境。A项意为“捐赠”；C项意为“获胜”；D项意为“返回”。‎ ‎2．A.kept B．approached C．decorated D．exited D　解析：根据该句“A woman in a car parked outside called me when I the store.”，并结合下文中的“walked back in”可知，此处表示“我”走出商店时，一位女士叫住了“我”。D项意为“退出，离开”，符合语境。A项意为“保持”；B项意为“靠近”；C项意为“装饰，修饰”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎3．A.shy B．crazy C．disappointed D．positive A　解析：根据该句“Though it was in broad daylight...kept some distance when I walked over.”可知，尽管当时是大白天，“我”走过去时还是和她保持一定的距离。be shy of/about(doing) sth.“对(做)……心怀顾忌”符合语境，故A项正确；B项意为“疯狂的”；C项意为“失望的”；D项意为“积极的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎4．A.forbade B．encouraged C．requested D．allowed C　解析：根据该句中的“She said she couldn’t walk and me to purchase a Kinect, a popular game”可知，她无法行走，请“我”帮她购买一款名为Kinect的游戏。C项意为“请求”，符合语境。A项意为“禁止”；B项意为“鼓励”；D项意为“允许”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎5．A.own B．employer’s C．husband’s D．son’s D　解析：根据下文中的“my son’s”，并结合该句中的“a popular game, for her as her Christmas gift”可知，这位女士买游戏是要作为圣诞礼物送给她儿子的，故D项正确。‎ ‎6．A.painful B．convenient C．funny D．secure A　解析：根据该句中的“Due to her leg disease”可推知，她行走时会感到疼痛；A项意为“疼痛的”，符合语境。B项意为“方便的”；C项意为“有趣的”；D项意为“安全的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎7．A.order B．share C．help D．pay C　解析：根据该句中的“She called ahead but the employee wasn’t willing to”，再结合上文描述的她坐在车里，由于腿部有病无法行走可知，她提前打过电话，但是店员不愿意帮助她。C项意为“帮助”，符合语境。A项意为“命令”；B项意为“分享”；D项意为“支付”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎8．A.fooled B．trusted C．inspired D．annoyed B　解析：根据该句“Then it occurred to me that this woman, a complete stranger, me.”可以判断，“我”想到这位女士，一个从未见过的陌生人相信了“我”。B项意为“相信，信任”，符合语境。A项意为“欺骗”；C项意为“激励”；D项意为“使恼怒”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎9．A.throwing B．tearing C．pocketing D．losing C　解析：根据第一段最后一句“She gave me about $100 in cash AND her credit card.”可知，她不但给了“我”100美元现金，还给了“我”信用卡；结合该句“What was it that stopped me from lying about the payment method and just her cash？”可知，“我”没有用其他方式支付而将她的现金据为己有；C项意为“将……据为己有”，符合语境。A项意为“扔”；B项意为“撕开”；D项意为“丢失”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎10．A.video game maker B．porter C．game seller D．cheat D　解析：根据上一句“What was it that stopped me from lying about the payment method and just her cash？”，再结合第一段中她将现金和信用卡交给“我”的描述可知，她不可能知道“我”不是一个骗子，而她怎么可能这么相信他人。D项意为“骗子”，符合语境。A项意为“电子游戏制造商”；B项意为“杂务工，服务员”；C项意为“游戏销售者”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎11．A.patience with B．faith in C．respect for D．mercy on B　解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“对……有耐心”；C项意为“尊敬……”；D项意为“对……仁慈”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎12．A.arguing B．lying C．promising D．explaining D　解析：根据该句中的“I handed her the cash back, I had to pay with her card—it was above $100 at the time”可知，“我”将现金递给她，解释说游戏价格超过100美元，所以只能用信用卡支付。D项意为“解释，说明”，符合语境。A项意为“争论”；B项意为“撒谎”；C项意为“承诺”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎13．A.game B．cheque C．ticket D．change A　解析：根据第一段中的“to purchase a Kinect, a popular game”可知，她想要为儿子买一款流行的游戏；结合该句中的“and handed over the and her credit card”可知，“我”将买好的游戏和信用卡递给了她。故A项正确。‎ ‎14．A.laughing B．glancing C．yelling D．pointing B　解析：根据“You have a face of an angel！”可知，她认为“我”有一张天使般的面孔；结合该句中的“By the way, just from at you, I know you are the one”可知，她一看到“我”，就知道“我”会成为有困难的人的朋友。glance意为“一瞥，扫视”，符合语境。A项意为“笑”；C项意为“叫喊”；D项意为“指”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎15．A.in need B．in public C．in return D．in danger A　解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“在困难时”，符合语境。B项意为“公开地”；C项意为“作为回报”；D项意为“处于危险中”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎16．A.offered B．managed C．refused D．decided C　解析：根据该句“She gave me $10 and to take it back.”可知，她递给“我”10美元，并拒绝收回。C项意为“拒绝”，符合语境。A项意为“提供”；B项意为“设法做成”；D项意为“决定”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎17．A.came over B．drove away C．fell down D．pulled up B　解析：根据该句“Then she ， saying ‘Merry Christmas！’”和第一段中的“A woman in a car parked outside called me”可知，这位女士是驾车来的，‎ 故在驾车离开时她对“我”说“圣诞快乐！”。B项意为“驱车离开”，符合语境。A项意为“过来”；C项意为“跌倒”；D项意为“慢慢停下，拔起”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎18．A.difference B．living C．bargain D．profit A　解析：根据下文中的“I was able to buy a few cheap groceries for the week”可知，用这10美元，“我”购买了一些便宜物品度过了一周；结合该句“She had no idea how much of a even $10 made.”可知，她不知道这10美元对“我”起了多么大的作用。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有作用”，故A项正确。B项意为“生计”；C项意为“交易”；D项意为“利润”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎19．A.happy B．carefree C．confusing D．hard D　解析：根据文章首句中的“a tough time”可知，D项“艰难的”符合语境。A项意为“幸福的”；B项意为“无忧无虑的，不负责任的”；C项意为“令人困惑的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎20．A.finally B．therefore C．however D．otherwise C　解析：她可能认为“我”帮助了她，然而，“我”感觉其实自己才是受到馈赠的那一方。空处前后为转折关系，故用however，故C项正确。‎ 书面表达 ‎(2019·安徽知名高中联合质检)假设你是李华，你的美国笔友 Kate 即将完成学业，不久前给你发邮件就是否到中国工作询问你的意见，请根据以下提示回一封电子邮件：‎ ‎1．建议她可以来中国；‎ ‎2．阐述你的理由；‎ ‎3．承诺可提供帮助。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．文章开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数；‎ ‎3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Kate,‎ I’m glad to have received the letter you sent me last week.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ Dear Kate，‎ I’m glad to have received the letter you sent me last week.I have been thinking about the question you asked me. From my point of view, you can choose to come to China after finishing your studies.‎ For one reason, China’s development over the past 30 years offers quantities of job opportunities for the young. What’s more, what you are studying is badly needed in China nowadays. In fact, many big companies in my city are hoping to hire people like you. For another reason, China is a country with such different cultures and traditions from the past that many foreigners enjoy living and working here. Why not come and join them? I’m sure you’ll adapt to the environment quickly. If you come, I will do what I can to help you. So what are you waiting for?‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua