2018届一轮复习北师大版必修3unit9wheels学案(1) 26页

重点识记词汇 ‎1.therefore adv.所以，因此 ‎2.take place举行；发生 ‎3.indeed adv.当然，确实 ‎ ‎4.fed up不愉快的，厌烦的 ‎5.consequence n.后果，结果 ‎ ‎6.arrest vt.逮捕，拘留 ‎7.sensitive adj.善解人意的；敏感的 ‎ ‎8.gentle adj.和善的，温和的 ‎9.work out锻炼身体，做运动 ‎ ‎10.in conclusion总之 ‎11.vocabulary n.词汇 (量) ‎ ‎12.schedule n.时间表；进度表 ‎13.timetable n.时间表 ‎ ‎14.rely on依靠，依赖 ‎15.so far迄今为止 ‎ ‎16.go up上升 ‎17.impression n.印象，感觉 ‎ ‎18.amount n.数量 ‎19.physical adj.身体的；物质的 ‎ ‎20.figure n.数字，数目；人物 ‎21.benefit vi.&n.得益；好处→beneficial adj.有益的，有利的 22.frequent adj.时常发生的 ‎23.somehow adv.以某种方式；不知道为什么 ‎ ‎24.on average平均；通常 ‎25.on the move在移动中，在进行(进展)中 ‎ ‎26.reliable adj.可靠的→rely vi.依赖，依靠 ‎27.appreciate vt.感激；欣赏→appreciation n.感激；欣赏 28.wherever conj.无论在何处，无论在哪里 ‎29.construction n.建筑(物)→construct vt.建造，构建 ‎ ‎30.content n.容纳的东西；目录；adj.满意的 ‎31.pull out(火车)驶离车站，出站→pull up(车辆)停止，停车 32.suit vt.适合→suitable adj.合适的 ‎33.actually adv.实际地，真实地→actual adj.实际的，真实的 34.damage vt.&n.损害，损失 ‎35.convenient adj.方便的，便利的→convenience n.方便，便利 ‎36.argue vi.争辩，争吵→argument n.争论，辩论；论据，理由 ‎37.responsibility n.责任，负责，职责→responsible adj.负责任的 ‎38.admit vt.承认，供认→admission n.承认；进入许可，入场许可；入场(入学、入会)费 ‎39.addicted adj.沉溺于……的→addict n.中毒者，成瘾者，……迷；vt.使中毒(上瘾)；使沉溺(迷)于 ‎40.occupy vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等)→occupied adj.使用中，有人使用；忙于；被占领的，被侵占的 必背经典句式 ‎1.People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years.‎ 在阿姆斯特丹人们一直在享受着骑自行车带来的好处。‎ ‎2.Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.‎ 无论在哪儿当某个人完成了一段旅程后，他们就会把自行车放在那里供其他人使用。‎ ‎3.How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out，tired and angry?‎ 有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？‎ 必背经典句式 ‎4.In conclusion，on the one hand Ludford is an attractive town with good shops and many places of interest.On the other hand，the local governments need to do something to control the traffic which passes through the town.‎ 总之，一方面，路孚德是一个有着优良船舶和众多名胜的迷人的小镇。另一方面，当地政府有必要采取措施来控制途经镇区的车辆。‎ ‎5.Before 1908，when Ford’s cars became available to the public，it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.‎ ‎1908年福特汽车问世以前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。‎ ‎6.Ford found a way to massproduce the motor car cheaply，making it possible for many more people to own one.‎ 福特发现了一个很便宜地批量生产汽车的方法，这使得更多的人拥有一辆小汽车成为了可能。‎ 构词记忆 ‎　misfortune /ˌmIs′fɔːtʃuːn/n.[U]&[C]不幸；灾祸；不幸的事 misunderstand /ˌmIsʌndə′stænd/vt.&vi.误解；误会；曲解 mistaken /mI′steIkən/adj.错误的；弄错的 Ⅰ.词汇与派生 A．语境填词 ‎1．It is not at all clear who actually(实际地) invented the telephone.‎ ‎2．He could have finished it on schedule，but somehow(不知何故地) he fell behind.‎ ‎3．Stop arguing(争论) about questions of procedure and let’s get down to business.‎ ‎4．Wherever(无论哪里) we go，there is rubbish.‎ ‎5．As a consequence(结果) children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.‎ ‎6．But in fact，I often don’t quite follow my timetable(时间表) because of some reasons.‎ ‎7．Its content is about how to learn English grammar and vocabulary(词汇)．‎ ‎8．Even to this day，Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures(人物) in the world.‎ ‎9．Our earth is suffering severe damage(损害)．‎ ‎10．His talents are not fully appreciated(赏识，欣赏) in that company.‎ ‎11．In the movie，he plays a concerned and sensitive(敏感的) father trying to bring up two teenage children on his own.‎ B．用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎12．Just for convenience (convenient)，I’m going to live at my mother’s place until my new ‎ house is ready.‎ ‎13．As we all know，these activities occupied(occupy)most of her time.‎ ‎14．A large number of students will benefit(beneficial) from the new teaching method.‎ ‎15．Don’t worry. If anything goes wrong，I’ll take responsibility(responsible) for it.‎ ‎16．I didn’t get much of an impression(impress) of the place because it was dark when we drove through it.‎ ‎17．My manager asked me to find a reliable(rely) person to handle the situation.‎ ‎18．Their frequent(frequency) invitations place us under an obligation to invite them to our house for a change.‎ ‎19．Short skirts don’t really suit (suitable) me—I haven’t got the legs for them.‎ ‎20．The centre offers activities for everyone，whatever your age or physical (physics) condition.‎ ‎21．The novel is constructed (construction) from a series of onthespot reports.‎ Ⅱ.短语运用 A．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空 ‎ pull out，work out，fed up，take action，take place，rely on，get stuck in, be addicted to，go up，focus...on ‎22.He got fedup with all the travelling he had to do.‎ ‎23．What was Mrs. Franks doing when the accident took place?‎ ‎24．Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.‎ ‎25．The train slowly pulled out，but not about a thousand yards when it suddenly paused.‎ ‎26．We’ll have to work out how much food we’ll need for the party.‎ ‎27．You have to take action and deal with problems as they arise.‎ ‎28．Once you have a taste of Hangzhou’s tea you will be addicted to it.‎ ‎29．They are mostly actors，but they can gets tuck in that time and forget they are actors.‎ ‎30．He finds it hard to focus his thoughts on one thing for longer than five minutes.‎ ‎31．So far the prices of many goods have been going up so that many families live a hard life.‎ B．用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 on foot，thanks to，so far，on average，by sea，on the move，in conclusion ‎ ‎32.Thanksto cheap phone calls and flights，migrants often remain in close touch with their homelands.‎ ‎33．On average，I spend 100 yuan on books each month.‎ ‎34．So far I haven’t had any success.However，I’ll keep trying. ‎ ‎35．We made our way to the coast and then by sea to France. ‎ ‎36．It is said that civilization is always on the move.‎ ‎37．I left my car in a layby and set off on foot. ‎ ‎38．In conclusion，I wish this meeting a great success.‎ Ⅲ.经典句式 ‎39．Wherever they went they were warmly welcomed.‎ 他们无论去哪儿都受到了热烈的欢迎。‎ ‎40．My father went home from work，tired and hungry.‎ 我爸爸下班回家，又累又饿。‎ ‎41．On the one hand he wants to work abroad，on the other hand he doesn’t want to leave his parents.‎ 一方面他想出国工作，另一方面他又不想离开父母。‎ ‎42．It was not until my father came back that we began to have supper last night.‎ 昨晚直到父亲回来，我们才开始吃饭。‎ ‎43．I have been here for three weeks and so far I have enjoyed it.‎ 我在这儿已经三周了，到目前为止我非常喜欢这儿。‎ ‎44．They worked day and night，making it possible to finish it ahead of time.‎ 他们夜以继日地工作，结果使得提前完成成为可能。‎ ‎1‎ ‎[多词一义]　do good to，be beneficial to，be of benefit to benefit sb./sth.对某人/物有益 benefit from/by从……中受益 be of benefit to＝be beneficial to对……有益 for one’s benefit＝for the benefit of sb.为帮助某人；为某人的利益 The activity benefited us a lot.‎ 这项活动使我们受益匪浅。(江西·书面表达)‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ The new regulation will be of benefit to everyone concerned.‎ ‎(1)The new regulation will be beneficial to everyone concerned.(用beneficial改写句子)‎ ‎(2)Everyone concerned will benefit from the new regulation.(用benefit from改写句子)‎ ‎(3)The new regulation will benefit everyone concerned.(用benefit改写句子)‎ ‎2‎ if convenient如果方便的话 It is convenient for sb.to do...对某人来说做……很方便 convenience n.方便；便利；便利的事物 at one’s convenience在某人方便时 for convenience为方便起见 for the convenience of为了方便……‎ As is known to all，with the improvement of people’s living standards，cars have become a popular means of transport，bringing great convenience to our life.‎ 众所周知，随着人们生活水平的提高，汽车已经成了人们受欢迎的运输工具，给我们的生活带来了巨大的便利。(江西·书面表达)‎ ‎[特别提醒]‎ ‎(1)convenient作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，多用于It is convenient for sb.to do...这一句型中。‎ ‎(2)convenience意为“方便；便利”时为不可数名词；表示“便利的事物；便利设施”时，为可数名词。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)We bought this house for convenience(为了方便)；it’s near the school.‎ ‎(2)We can meet to discuss this further at your convenience(在你方便时).‎ ‎(3)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon，or whenever it is convenient to you (你方便的话).‎ ‎3‎ ‎[多词一义]　argue sb.into doing...，persuade sb.into doing...，reason sb.into doing...，talk sb.into doing...‎ argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事 argue for/against sth.为支持/反对某事而辩论 argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 argument n.争论；辩论；论证 beyond argument无需争论 The committee is concerned about players’ behaviour，especially arguing with referees.‎ 委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。‎ His lawyers are arguing that he is unfit to stand trial.‎ 他的律师正在提出理由说明他不适合出庭受审。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 语法填空 ‎(1)Mary argued Tom into/out of buying a new car.‎ ‎(2)It is beyond argument that Diaoyu Island belongs to China.‎ ‎(3)He was arguing with his brother about/over how they should spend the money.‎ ‎(4)Having argued(argue) for hours，they felt tired.‎ ‎(5)Eventually he was argued(argue) into buying what was actually not needed.‎ ‎4‎ be sensitive to对……敏感(过敏) make sense有意义；能理解 make sense of理解；明白 I can’t make sense of the painting.‎ 我看不懂那幅画。‎ Don’t be so sensitive；I was only joking.‎ 不要那么敏感，我只是开玩笑。‎ ‎[图解助记]‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)Finally he made sense of (最后他明白了) the puzzling phenomenon.‎ ‎(2)Of all the animals I’ve ever had，these two dogs are the most sensitive to(对……最敏感) the spoken word.‎ ‎5‎ ‎[应试指导]　(1)后跟非谓语动词的考查　(2)写作高分句式：I would appreciate it if...‎ appreciate doing...感激做……‎ I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激 appreciation n.欣赏；感激 in appreciation of欣赏；感激 And I would appreciate it very much if you would give me an early reply.‎ 如果你能早点回信我将非常感激。‎ ‎[特别提醒]‎ ‎(1)appreciate后接v.ing形式。‎ ‎(2)其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。‎ ‎(3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，需先接it，再接从句。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 语法填空 ‎(1)I don’t appreciate being treated(treat) like a secondclass citizen.‎ ‎(2)He expressed his appreciation(appreciate) for what she had done.‎ ‎(3)I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.‎ ‎6‎ ‎[应试指导]　amount to作为高级词汇替换add up to a small/large amount of＋不可数名词＋单数动词　少/大量的 amounts of＋不可数名词＋复数动词　大量的,‎ amount to合计；共有 Consumer spending on sportsrelated items amounted to ￡9.75 billion.‎ 消费者在体育相关产品上的花费共计97.5亿英镑。‎ I’m able to lay my hands on any amount of cash at a moment’s notice.‎ 多少钱我都可以马上弄到。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)语法填空 ‎①At that time，small amounts of land were used (use) for keeping animals.‎ ‎②A large amount of money is spent (spend) on advertisements every year.‎ ‎(2)他欠的债共达五千美元。(一句多译)‎ ‎①His debts amount to five thousand dollars.(amount)‎ ‎②His debts add up to five thousand dollars.(add) ‎ ‎③His debts total five thousand dollars.(total)‎ ‎7 admit v.(常指勉强)承认(agree)；承认(过错、罪行)，招认，招供(confess)；准许……进入(allow...to enter)；容纳(hold) ‎[应试指导]　(1)后跟非谓语动词的用法　(2)写作高频词汇(“录取”)‎ admit sth./doing sth.承认某事/做某事 admit＋n.＋to be承认……是……‎ admit sb./sth.into/to允许某人(物)进入……‎ be admitted as...作为……被接受 be admitted to被录取；成为……的一员 admission n.进入；入场费；承认 You must admit the task to be difficult.‎ 你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)语法填空 ‎①Joe is proud and stubborn，never admitting(admit) he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.‎ ‎②He admitted cheating/having cheated(cheat) in the exam.‎ ‎③We all admit him to be(be) foolish.‎ ‎(2)He had to admit that he had done wrong.‎ He had to admit having done wrong.(用动名词形式改写句子)‎ ‎8‎ ‎[应试指导]　非谓语动词句法功能的考查 be/become addicted to对……有瘾；热衷于……‎ addict v.使沉溺；使成瘾；n.入迷的人 addict oneself to沉溺于 addiction n.入迷；上瘾 addictive adj.上瘾的 Many of the women are addicted to heroin and cocaine.‎ 这些女人中很多人都吸食海洛因和可卡因成瘾了。‎ I went through about four years of being addicted to video games.‎ 我大约有4年时间沉迷在电子游戏中。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)用addict的适当形式填空 ‎①The boy became addicted to computer games and didn’t want to study.‎ ‎②She helped him fight his drug addiction.‎ ‎③I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I found it quite addictive.‎ ‎④They are rock music addicts.‎ ‎(2)同义句改写上题句①‎ ‎①Addicted to computer games，the boy didn’t want to study. (用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)‎ ‎②Addicting himself to computer games，the boy didn’t want to study. (用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)‎ ‎9‎ occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于做某事 be occupied (房间、座位、床位等)被占用；被占有 be occupied (in) doing sth.忙于做某事 be occupied with sth.从事(忙于)某事 occupation n.工作；职业；占据 Land is，in most instances，purchased by those who occupy it.‎ 在大多数情况下，土地都是由其使用者购得。‎ Having retired from business，he now occupies himself with the welfare of the disabled.‎ 从公司退休之后，他现在忙于残疾人的福利。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)语法填空 ‎①I have been occupied(occupy) in reading history books for a year.‎ ‎②I suppose I was looking for an occupation(occupy) which was going to be an adventure.‎ ‎③I had forgotten about it because I had been so occupied with other things.‎ ‎(2)他忙于翻译一本英语小说。(一句多译)‎ ‎①He was occupied with a translation of an English novel.(be occupied with)‎ ‎②He occupied himself with a translation of an English novel.(occupy oneself with)‎ ‎10‎ ‎[多词一义]　suitable，fit，appropriate ‎ suit sb.适合某人 suit sth.to sb.使某物适合某人 suit one’s needs适合某人的需要 a suit of clothes一套衣服 be suited to/for适合于……；适宜于……‎ be suitable for适合于……‎ That color doesn’t suit her.‎ 那种颜色不适合她。‎ ‎[特别提醒]‎ suit＋sb.表示对某人方便、合某人的心意；fit没有这个意思。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)语法填空 ‎①Your behavior wasn’t suited to/for the occasion.‎ ‎②Yesterday he bought a suit of clothes for his father.‎ ‎(2)The challenge is finding suitable partners for them.‎ The challenge is finding partners that suit them.(用动词suit和定语从句改写句子)‎ ‎11‎ ‎[多词一义]　damage，harm，hurt，ruin，destroy，injure damages (pl.)法院判定的损害赔偿金 cause/do damage to对……伤害(破坏) The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at 6 million.‎ 地震造成大约600万美元的财产损失。‎ He was ordered to pay damages totaling 30,000.‎ 他被责令支付总额3万美元的赔偿金。‎ ‎[词义辨析]　damage，destroy，ruin ‎(1)damage是程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，强调价值、用途降低或外表损坏等；一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。‎ ‎(2)destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”，程度较深，强调“毁坏”的力度和彻底性；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。‎ ‎(3)ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思；强调使某物失去优良的特性或特征。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)用damage，destroy，ruin的适当形式填空 After the Wenchuan earthquake，many buildings were destroyed，but the local people still repaired the damaged ones and rebuilt the new ones to keep their hometown from coming to ruin.‎ ‎(2)语法填空 ‎①With his reputation damaged(damage)，he regretted having done so.‎ ‎②Smoking does great damage to one’s health.‎ ‎1‎ be fed up with＝be tired of 厌烦……‎ feed vt.给……食物；喂(动物)饲料；喂(病人等)吃东西；饲养；抚养 feed...on/with...用……来喂……；供给……，提供……‎ feed...to...把……喂给……‎ feed on(动物)以……为食 People are fed up with all these traffic jams.‎ 人们厌烦这么多的交通堵塞。‎ Owls feed on mice and other small animals.‎ 猫头鹰以老鼠和其他小动物为食。‎ ‎[图解助记]‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)语法填空 ‎①Children are fed up with their studies because they are expected to do far better than they can.‎ ‎②Pandas feed on bamboo leaves.‎ ‎③He is busy feeding(feed) the computer with new data.‎ ‎④Fed(feed) up with his lies，she won’t believe in him any longer.‎ ‎(2)Tom was fed up with teasing over his baldness，so he decided to revenge those who played tricks on him.‎ Fed up with teasing over his baldness，Tom decided to revenge those who played tricks on him. (用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)‎ ‎2 work out锻炼；理解，弄懂(understand)；计算(calculate)；详细拟定；解决问题(solve)；结果是 work on从事……；继续……；(sb.)说服……；(sth.)完善/完成……‎ work at从事，致力于……‎ work as充当，作为……而工作 at/out of work在工作/失业 We had wanted to finish our task by noon，but it didn’t work out as planned.‎ 我们本想中午前完成任务，但结果并没像计划的那样。‎ She is working on a new book.‎ 她正在忙着写一本新书。‎ ‎[词义辨析]　work on，work at ‎(1)work on意为“从事某项工作”，其后的名词是表示具体的人或事，即指说服某人或完善、完成某事，另外，work on还有“继续工作”之意。‎ ‎(2)work at意为“学习，研究，致力于”，其后的宾语常是problem，physics等。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 用work on，work at的适当形式填空 ‎(1)After a short rest，they worked on.‎ ‎(2)If you work hard at English，you’ll make progress soon.‎ ‎(3)He hasn’t decided yet.I’m still working on him.‎ ‎3‎ pull over靠向路边；让车 pull up(车辆)停止，停车 pull through恢复健康；度过危机 He pulled out a mobile phone and made a call.‎ 他掏出手机打了个电话。‎ A car pulled up behind me.‎ 一辆车停在我后面。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 语法填空 ‎(1)He will pull through his illness soon.‎ ‎(2)The man decided to pull over to see if he could help.‎ ‎4‎ take one’s place就坐，就位；就职 A take(s) the place of B＝A take(s) B’s placeA代替B give place to...让位给……‎ in place在正确位置；准备就绪 in place of＝in one’s place代替 out of place不在正确位置；不相称 As soon as all the chairs are in place，we can let the people in.‎ 一旦所有的椅子都摆放好了，我们就可以让人们进来了。‎ ‎[词义辨析]　take place，happen，occur ‎(1)take place侧重于指事件是经过事先安排而发生的。‎ ‎(2)happen通常指一些意外的、无准备事件的发生，侧重于偶然性。‎ ‎(3)occur相当于happen，用于句型It occurs/occurred to sb.that...。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 用take place，happen，occur的适当形式填空 ‎(1)I was in half way when it occurred to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it.‎ ‎(2)I happened to be there when the celebration took place.‎ ‎　　 ‎ ‎1 Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.无论在哪儿当某个人完成了一段旅程后，他们会把自行车放在那儿供其他人使用。‎ ‎(1)wherever，whenever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter where/when/how。‎ ‎(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。‎ ‎(3)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。‎ No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.‎ 无论工作多么普通，都在社会中担任重要作用，所以都值得我们尊重。(广东·读写任务)‎ As a child，I always hoped that I could grow up as soon as possible so that I could have whatever I wanted and do whatever I liked.‎ 小时候，我总是希望自己快快长大，这样我就可以拥有想要的任何东西，做喜欢做的任何事。(四川·书面表达)‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ Whatever you decide，I will support you.‎ No matter what you decide，I will support you.(用“no matter＋疑问词”改写句子)‎ ‎2 Before you get into your car，think about whether you really need to make that journey .上车前，认真考虑一下你是否真的需要做这次旅行。‎ before用作连词，引导时间状语从句，除了表示“在……之前”以外，还可以表示“……(之后)才；(不多久)就；不等……就”。,句型归纳：‎ (1)It won’t be...before...用不了多长时间就会……(before从句用一般现在时) (2)It will be...before...得过多久才……(before从句用一般现在时) (3)It wasn’t...before...没过多长时间就……(before从句用一般过去时) (4)It was...before...过了多长时间才……(before从句用一般过去时) It was not long before he learned to use the computer.‎ 不久他就学会了使用计算机。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 写出下列句子中before的汉语意思 ‎(1)Before he came here，he was in England.在……之前 ‎(2)It will be some time before we know the full results.得过多久才……‎ ‎(3)Before we had walked five miles，Anne complained of sore feet.不等……就 ‎(4)Put that away before it gets broken.以防 ‎3 单元语法 ‎——语法填空 ‎(1)—Why，Jack，you look so tired!‎ ‎—Well，I have been painting (paint) the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.‎ ‎(2)I have been waiting(wait) for an hour but she still hasn’t come.‎ ‎(3)Excuse me，Marcia，a reporter from Vanity Fair has been phoning (phone) all day.Could you speak to her now?‎ ‎(4)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising (rise) steadily since 1997.‎ ‎(5)By the time he realizes he has walked (walk) into a trap，it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.‎ 高考题组 Ⅰ.语法填空(2013·广东)‎ One day，Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly，he 16.found (find) that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son，“Go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it：neither too much 17.nor too little.”‎ His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much，Father，but if I can pay less，18.why not save a bit of money？”‎ ‎“That would be a very 19.reasonable(reason) thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，” Nick said.‎ Nick’s guests,20.who had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt 21.at a lower price would be that he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22.for the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”‎ ‎“But such a small thing couldn’t 23.possibly(possible) destroy a village.”‎ ‎“In the beginning，there was only 24.a very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always 25.thinking(think) that it was only small and not very important，and look where we have ended up today.”‎ Ⅱ.写作常用句翻译 ‎1.我从阅读中受益良多。(benefit)(2012·江西·书面表达)‎ I benefit a great deal from reading.‎ ‎2.但是最新消息表明她17岁的女儿已被哈佛大学和耶鲁大学录取。(admit)(2011·广东·基础写作)‎ However，the latest news shows that her 17yearold daughter was admitted into Harvard and Yale University.‎ ‎3.对学生来说，你最好选择那些感兴趣并适合自己的活动。(suit)(2011·四川·书面表达)‎ To students，you’d better choose the activities which interest you and suit you.‎ ‎4.如果你方便的话，我们希望你能接受我们的邀请。(convenient)(2010·课标全国·书面表达)‎ We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.‎ ‎5.如果你能帮我找到丢失的箱子，我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。(appreciation)(2010·重庆·书面表达)‎ Here I sincerely express my appreciation if you could help find the lost suitcase.‎ 模拟题组 Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎1.Occupying (occupy) herself with routine office tasks，she had no time to attend to her children.‎ ‎2.—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?‎ ‎—Well，the media have covered (cover) it in a variety of forms.‎ ‎3.Since the time humankind started gardening，we have been trying (try) to make our environment more beautiful.‎ ‎4.Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.‎ ‎5.Bicycling is good exercise；besides，it does not pollute the air.‎ ‎6. Tom addicted (addict) to the Internet failed in the exam.‎ ‎7.Gun control is a subject about which Americans have argued for a long time.‎ ‎8.This is a very interesting book.I’ll buy it，however much it may cost.‎ ‎9.It was some time before we realized the truth.‎ ‎10.—Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?‎ ‎—Actually (actual)，I do.I think it’s a great idea.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.As is known to all，a balanced diet benefits from one’s health.去掉from ‎2.You may come at any time in your convenience.in→at ‎3.He was careless，and as consequence he failed the test.as后加上a ‎4.You shouldn’t be too sensitive with criticism.with→to ‎5.In any case should you give it up！any→no ‎6.I would appreciate if you could come to our party.if前加上it ‎7.A large amount of people have known about it，so it is no secret at all.amount→number ‎8.He admitted having robbed of his bag on his way back home yesterday.having后加上been ‎9.At average，people who don’t smoke are healthier than people who do.At→On ‎10.I have to see the doctor because I have been coughed a lot lately.coughed→coughing Ⅲ.写作句式升级训练 ‎1.A wellknown proverb goes that “Where there is a will，there is a way.”(素材来源于2014·山东·写作)‎ As a wellknown proverb goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写句子)‎ ‎2.I might try hard，but I still did poorly in the English exams.(素材来源于2014·山东·写作)‎ Hard as I might try，I still did poorly in the English exams.(用as引导的让步状语从句改写句子)‎ ‎(一)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 I give two examples as to why intelligent life may not actually exist，though I admit that for me，or even for a physicist who devoted his or her entire life to researching and studying the universe，it’s shocking to claim that completely no life exists elsewhere.‎ Keeping that in mind，I’d just like to consider conditions elsewhere in the known universe.You really only need to look at our own solar system or the Earth at certain periods in its own history to appreciate that most places are much worse and much less suitable for life than our mild，watery ‎ globe.‎ So far，space scientists have discovered about seventy planets outside the solar system.But it appears that if you wish to have a planet suitable for life，you just have to be very lucky，and the more advanced the life is，the luckier you’ll have to be.I’m by no means a space observer，but I can recognize some particularly fortunate breaks we’ve had on the Earth.For example：‎ We are，to a degree，at the right distance from the perfect type of star，the one that is big enough to radiate a huge amount of energy，but not so big as to burn itself out quickly.Had our sun been ten times as huge，it would have burnt out completely after only ten million years，instead of ten billion and surely we would not exist.Too near，everything on the Earth would have boiled and withered away；any further，everything would have frozen over.‎ The universe is a surprising place，and our existence within it is a wonder.If a long and unimaginably complex sequence of events dating back 4.6 billion years or so hadn’t happened in a particular manner at a particular time—if，to take just one example，the dinosaurs hadn’t been wiped out by a meteor(流星)—we might still be a few centimeters long，with whiskers(胡须)and a tail，and you’ll be reading this in a cave somewhere.‎ ‎1．What’s the best title for this passage?‎ A．No Life Exists Out of the Earth B．Seventy Planets Discovered C．A Place Full of Wonders D．Perfect Conditions for Life 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“...it’s shocking to claim that completely no life exists elsewhere.”可知，在文章开头作者表达了自己的观点：除了地球之外其他星球上没有生命存在。下文主要围绕这个观点展开，所以A项作为标题最佳。‎ ‎2．What makes the Earth more suitable for life than other planets in the solar system?‎ A．The Earth is the only planet that can receive energy from the sun.‎ B．The sun is at the right distance from us and in proper size.‎ C．The distance between the planets is neither too long nor too short.‎ D．The dinosaurs were no longer a threat to the Earth.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段，尤其是第一句“We are，to a degree，at the right distance from the perfect type of star...but not so big as to burn itself out quickly.”可知，B项符合题意。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined phrase “withered away” in the 4th paragraph mean?‎ A．Exploded. B．Expanded.‎ C．Floated away. D．Dried and died.‎ 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前后内容可知，画线短语的意思应与“boiled”的意思差不多。故选D项，表示“枯死”。‎ ‎4．Where does the text probably come from?‎ A．A history book. B．A magazine.‎ C．A science fiction. D．A famous novel.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是作者对自己的观点的论证，因此最有可能出自杂志，而不是历史书、科幻小说或著名的小说。故选B。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 I have pain in my neck.It seems that for a long time I have been 5 it.The truth is that I’ve been 6 about it for years.I’ve had tests，Xrays，but nothing could solve the problem.Recently，it had got 7 so I went to my doctor with a list of things that might prove there was something wrong with my body.Nothing was lifethreatening.However， 8 was not the same.When you reach 50，everything 9 .It is a label(标签)that goes with you 10 you go.Everything you feel at 49 is a 11 .Everything you feel after 50 is simply 12 as “getting old”．I’m 58.Add to that I have fibromyalgia(纤维肌痛)and I can 13 have another symptom that won’t be labeled as age.I think doctors stop 14 and friends of your age always have something worse than you.I’ve been 15 .I’ve never been in hospital or had a(n) 16 .I really have not had any terrible diseases.So，going to a physical therapist(物理治疗师)was a first for me.‎ ‎“How long have you had this pain in your neck？” he asked.“Well，my wife and I have been married for 20 years，” I replied.“Oh，you 17 this pain.” He laughed and I knew I had the right guy.So，what great lesson have I taken from this 18 ？In order to 19 this discomfort in my neck，I need to stretch(拉伸)it.The stretching will cause more discomfort， 20 doing so will relieve the pain and strengthen the muscles.‎ Your discomfort in life right now，no matter how 21 ，can only be relieved when you stretch 22 your present circumstances，causing temporary discomfort，but 23 strengthening your stance(观点)．I need to stick out my neck in order to relieve the pressure and pain.I’ll never find relief 24 creating more discomfort.One more thing，I really love my “pain in the neck”！‎ ‎5．A.dealing with B．trying out C．charging with D．figuring out 答案　A 解析　由后面的内容可知，作者已经与颈椎病抗争很长一段时间了。‎ ‎6．A.doubting B．complaining C．arguing D．hearing 答案　B 解析　由于颈椎病带给作者的折磨，多年以来，他一直抱怨(complain)他的病痛。‎ ‎7．A.worse B．bigger C．closer D．longer 答案　A 解析　由“so I went to my doctor with a list of things that might prove there was something wrong with my body”可知最近颈椎病有点严重(worse)。‎ ‎8．A.society B．position C．life D．relationship 答案　C 解析　这点疼痛不会危及生命，但是生命(life)本身已经跟以往不一样了。‎ ‎9．A.stops B．improves C．arrives D．changes 答案　D 解析　根据下文可知，当年龄过50后，所有的事情都发生了改变(change)。‎ ‎10．A.whichever B．whatever C．wherever D．whenever 答案　C 解析　就像一个标签贴上了你，你走到哪儿(wherever)它就跟到哪儿。‎ ‎11．A.reality B．lesson C．mistake D．concern 答案　D 解析　在49岁时，有些问题你只是稍微在意一下(concern)，觉得没什么大不了。但是，在50岁后这些问题会把你划分(classify)到老年一族。‎ ‎12．A.classified B．respected C．judged D．distinguished 答案　A 解析　参考上题解析。‎ ‎13．A.never B．always C．only D．also 答案　A 解析　除了颈椎病，作者还患有纤维肌痛，他再也(never)找不到其他算不上年老的症状了。‎ ‎14．A.creating B．listening C．sleeping D．walking 答案　B 解析　医生不会听(listening)年老病人喋喋不休讲述自己的病痛。‎ ‎15．A.fortunate B．hopeless C．satisfied D．lonely 答案　A 解析　由下文可知，作者感觉自己还是挺幸运的(fortunate)，最起码他还没有住院或做过手术(operation)。‎ ‎16．A.exam B．requirement C．visit D．operation 答案　D 解析　参考上题解析。‎ ‎17．A.relieve B．increase C．feel D．mean 答案　D 解析　医生问作者疼了多长时间了，而他回答“结婚已经20年了”，所以医生笑着说：“你的意思是说(mean)已经疼了20年了。”‎ ‎18．A.story B．experience C．discussion D．interview 答案　B 解析　前面是作者一次看病经历(experience)。‎ ‎19．A.ease B．find C．accept D．lose 答案　A 解析　根据本空后stretch可知：为了缓解(ease)疼痛，作者需要做牵引治疗。‎ ‎20．A.for B．otherwise C．although D．but 答案　D 解析　与本空前cause more discomfort构成转折：做牵引似乎使作者感到更不舒服，但是(but)这种治疗最终会减轻他的疼痛。‎ ‎21．A.stupid B．valid C．painful D．specific 答案　C 解析　上文多处pain有提示：人生也是一样，你生活中痛苦的(painful)经历也只能通过“牵引”来治疗。‎ ‎22．A.to B．beyond C．round D．in 答案　B 解析　根据颈椎病的事实可知：尽管摆脱(beyond)你目前的困境很艰难，并且一时让你更不舒服，但是，这最终(eventually)会更加坚定你的人生观。‎ ‎23．A.simply B．immediately C．eventually D．annually 答案　C 解析　参考上题解析。‎ ‎24．A.along B．without C．with D．by 答案　B 解析　如果没有(without)这些更多的不适，作者将不会从病痛中解脱。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 In 1608，an Englishman whose name was Thomas Coryate visited Italy.He liked the country and noted down every interesting thing he found.25.But there was one thing that he found more interesting than the others.Before 26.leaving (leave) for England，Thomas Coryate bought a few forks.At home Thomas 27.specially (special) gave a dinner party to show the invention to his friends.When the servants brought the steak，he took out 28.a fork and began to eat like they did in Italy.Everybody looked at him 29.in surprise.When he told his friends 30.what it was，they all wanted to take a good look at the strange thing.All his friends said that the Italians were very strange people because the fork was very inconvenient.Thomas Coryate tried to prove the opposite.He said 31.it was not nice to eat meat with one’s fingers because they were not always clean.Everybody got angry 32.at/about/over that.Thomas Coryate wanted to show that it was very easy 33.to use (use) the fork but the first piece of meat he took with the fork 34.fell (fall) to the floor.His friends began to laugh and he had to take the fork away.Only fifty years later did people in England begin to use forks.‎ ‎(二)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 BARBARA KLEIN：Our VOA listener question this week comes from Bangladesh.Munna asks if Hawaii is an American state.‎ Experts believe that Polynesian people discovered the Hawaiian Islands about two thousand years ago.A king ruled the islands when British sea captain James Cook arrived in 1775.‎ In 1818，the Hawaiian King Kamehameha said the group should be called the“Islands of the Kingdom of Hawaii”．Britain gave the islands their independence in 1843.The king was ousted fifty years later by a group of American businessmen.Hawaii became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.‎ The state of Hawaii includes eight major islands in the middle of the North Pacific Ocean.The main islands are Kauai，Oahu，Molokai，Maui，Lanai and Hawaii，also called the Big Island.The island of Niihau is privately owned.Kahoolawe has no people.‎ Hawaii is far from other populated areas.It is more than three thousand kilometers from the state of California.It is more than six thousand kilometers from Japan.‎ Hot liquid rock called lava formed the Hawaiian Islands millions of years ago.The lava flowed up from the sea through openings in the sea floor.Visitors today can watch this process continue on the Big Island where the world’s most active volcano still produces lava.‎ Each of the Hawaiian Islands has a wet side and a dry side. It rains much more on the northeast sides of the islands and much more in winter than in summer.This gives each island two separate climate areas.One area is dry and desertlike.The other area has green plants，rivers and waterfalls.‎ More than six million people visit Hawaii each year.They enjoy the beautiful land and the warm weather.They swim，watch the whales and other marine life and visit beautiful gardens.Hawaii has some of the most beautiful，interesting and unusual places on the Earth.‎ ‎1．Who discovered Hawaii first according to the passage?‎ A．Munna from Bangladesh.‎ B．The Polynesian.‎ C．James Cook.‎ D．Some American businessmen.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Polynesian people discovered the Hawaiian islands about two thousand years ago.”可知，波利尼西亚人首先发现了夏威夷群岛。‎ ‎2．What is mainly talked about in the passage?‎ A．The historical backgrounds of Hawaii.‎ B．How Hawaii became a state of America.‎ C．The history and geography of Hawaii.‎ D．Hawaii was once part of the UK.‎ 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。本文的第二、三段介绍了夏威夷群岛的历史，后面几段介绍了夏威夷群岛的构成、位置、气候及旅游业的发展，因此C项最具概括性。‎ ‎3．Which of the following is TRUE about Hawaii?‎ A．The climate of Hawaii is always rainy.‎ B．Tourism brings in a lot of money for Hawaii.‎ C．People live happily on the 8 islands of Hawaii.‎ D．Visitors enjoy watching lava flowing up on Hawaii.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“More than six million people visit Hawaii each year.”可知，夏威夷旅游业发达，会给夏威夷带来很多收入。‎ ‎4．The underlined word “ousted” in Paragraph 3 is similar in meaning to “ ”．‎ A．visited B．supported C．removed D．welcomed 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“Hawaii became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.”可推知，在国王被一群美国商人逼迫退位后，夏威夷才变成美国的一个州。因此画线词与remove“免除，解除(职务等)”意义相近。‎ Ⅱ.阅读填空 Wedding planning made simple Wedding.com is the only online wedding tool that focused on making the planning process simple and costeffective.‎ Frequently asked questions：‎ What is Wedding.com?‎ Wedding.com is uniquely developed software. 5 By using this website，couples can save time and money while planning their wedding without compromising on quality.‎ How did Wedding.com begin?‎ Experienced Internet veteran(老手) Brett Reynolds started Wedding.com after experiencing difficulty when planning his own wedding with his high school sweetheart. 6 It could allow couples an easier and more efficient way of finding wedding vendors(销售商) based on your location，budget，wedding date and other needs.‎ Why should I use Wedding.com?‎ ‎ 7 Simply let us know your wedding date，budget，location，and other needs and we will bring the vendors to you.Wedding.com saves your time and money by letting you compare and negotiate with all your various vendors in one place.Furthermore，you will get access to a wedding website，budget tracker，and checklist as well as a number of resources and photo galleries.‎ ‎ 8 ‎ Currently，you are able to find vendors from the following categories：‎ ‎·Wedding Planners ‎·Photographers ‎·Videographers ‎·Flower Providers ‎·Cake Bakers ‎·Reception Locations ‎·DJs ‎·Musicians ‎·Caterers ‎·Transportation Services ‎·Wedding Officiates ‎·Rehearsal Dinner Locations ‎·Makeup/Hair Stylists ‎ 9 Let us know at support@wedding.com so we can answer it for you.‎ A．It allows couples to compare wedding services and negotiate with wedding vendors online.‎ B．With Wedding.com I have access to thousands of weddings in a few minutes.‎ C．Since we bring a variety of professions to you，you will save your time.‎ D．He realized the need for a new player in the wedding industry.‎ E．Wedding.com is an easy and smart way to plan your wedding.‎ F．What wedding professionals can I find?‎ G．Don’t see your question here?‎ 答案　5.A　6.D　7.E　8.F　9.G Ⅲ.短文改错 My uncle absolute hated his wife’s cat and decided to get rid of him one day by driving him 20 block from his home and leaving him at the park.As she was getting home，the cat was walking up the driveway.The next day he decides to drive the cat 40 blocks away.He put the cat out and headed home.Drive back up his driveway，there was the cat！At the last he decided to drive far away until he reached that he thought was a safe distance from his home and left the cat there.Hours late he called his wife，“Jen，is the cat there？”“No，”his wife answered.Then he said，“Put him on the phone.I lost way and need directions！”‎ 答案　‎ My uncle hated his wife’s cat and decided to get rid of him one day by driving him 20 from his home and leaving him at the park.As was getting home，the cat was walking up the driveway.The next day he to drive the cat 40 blocks away.He put the cat out and headed home. back up his driveway，there was the cat！At the last he decided to drive far away until he reached he thought was a safe distance from his home and left the cat there.Hours he called his wife，“Jen，is the cat there？” “，” his wife answered.Then he said，“Put him on the phone.I lost way and need ‎ directions！”‎ Ⅳ.书面表达 假设你是你们班的班长李华，星期天你们班要一起去敬老院参加义务劳动。请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇口头通知，向全班同学宣布以下注意事项：‎ ‎1．9：30在学校门口集合；‎ ‎2．带劳动工具(洗衣粉、理发工具、除草工具等)；‎ ‎3．自带午饭，骑自行车前往。‎ 注意：1.词数为100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考范文 Boys and girls，‎ May I have your attention，please？This Sunday we’ll go to the nursing home and do some voluntary work.Now I have a few things to tell you.We’ll meet at the gate of our school at 9：30 tomorrow morning and start out together by bike.You should take your bike and don’t forget to take some washing powder，barber tools and weeding tools so that we can help them wash clothes，cut hair and get rid of some weed in the garden.At last，you should remember to take some food for lunch because we’ll stay there chatting with them at noon.‎ That’s all.Thank you.‎