【英语】2018届人教版必修4Unit4Bodylanguage单元学案设计(31页) 52页

Unit 4 Body language 单元学案设计 Period 1 新知预习课 学习目标 1.Get a basic understanding of the words and expressions in this unit. 2.Spell the following words:represent,curious,approach,function,ease,rank,greet,association,defend,major,misunderstan d. 3.Use the following phrases:be likely to;in general;at ease;lose face;in most cases. 识记词汇 1.连一连 represent 好奇的 curious 代表 approach 靠近,接近 function 作用,功能 ease 错误的 adult 安逸,舒适 false 成年人 lose face 防御 defend...against 丢脸 at ease 相反 on the contrary 自由自在 2.根据释义写出单词 (1) action of defending oneself against an enemy’s attack (2) might happen or probably will be true (3) to be chosen to speak or act in place of someone (4) to run or travel somewhere in a great hurry (5) to come nearer to something or someone from a great distance (6) either side of the face below the eye (7) the act of flying,especially scheduled on a plane 精讲词汇 1.approach (1)vt.接近,靠近 The policeman approached the burning building. 警察靠近着火的大楼。 (2)n.接近;方法,途径 an approach to...……的方法 He came up with a new approach to the difficulty. 他提出了解决这个困难的新方法。 【词汇辨析】 approach,way,method 与 means approach“方法;接近”。用法为:an approach to(to 为介词)。 way 的用法是:in the way “用这种方法”。the way to do/the way of doing(to 为不定式)“做 某事的方法”。 method 构成 with a method“用一种方法”。 means 意为“方式,方法”。单复数同形,by means of 意为“通过……方法”。 Can you tell me the way to work out the math problem? 你能告诉我做那道数学题的方法吗? We should improve our teaching method,with which we can make ourselves understood better. 我们应该改善我们的教学方法,用这些方法,我们可以使学生更好地理解我们。 We arrived there by means of plane. 我们坐飞机到达那儿。 【尝试运用】 There is no easy to maths. A.way B.mean C.method D.approach 2.curious adj. (1)好奇的;感兴趣的 The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children. 国外游客被一群好奇的孩子包围着。 (2)奇特的;不同寻常的 He is suffering from a curious disease. 他患了一种奇怪的病。 【拓展延伸】 curiosity n.好奇 curiously adv.好奇地 be curious about 对……感到好奇 be curious to do 极想做 out of curiosity 出于好奇 The child was curious about everything around him. 这个孩子对身边的每一件东西都感到很好奇。 I was curious to know the results of the exam. 我极想知道考试的结果。 I asked out of mere curiosity. 我只不过是出于好奇问问罢了。 【尝试运用】 I was to find out what he said. A.strange B.amusing C.curious D.conscious 3.ease (1)n.安逸,舒适 She is leading a life of ease. 她过着舒适安逸的生活。 (2)v.减轻(痛苦,忧虑) The medicine eased his pain. 这药减轻了他的痛苦。 【拓展延伸】 put sb at ease 使某人感到舒适、不拘束等 Her smile put us at ease. 她的微笑使我们感到放松。 with ease 毫不费劲地,轻而易举地 The question was so easy that I could answer it with ease. 这个问题如此简单,我回答得很轻松。 【尝试运用】 He felt completely ease Mary. A.at;with B.at;to C.with;with D.to;to 4.defend...against/from 保卫……以免受;防御 We should defend the island against the enemy. 我们应该保卫这个岛免遭敌人的侵犯。 【词汇辨析】 defend,protect 与 guard defend 是指抵御或击退外来威胁或攻击,另外 defend 还有“辩护”的意思。 protect 指采取保护措施,使之不受伤害或损伤。 guard 是指小心谨慎地对可能的危险进行防御,以维护安全,含警告之意。 She wore a pair of sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sunlight. 她戴了一副太阳镜以保护她的眼睛不受阳光的照射。 The dog guarded the house against strangers. 狗守着房屋,不让陌生人进去。 【尝试运用】 The newspaper defended her the accusation(谴责). A.against B.with C.in D.of 5.be likely to do 很可能……;有希望…… She is not likely to leave next week. 她下个星期不可能离开。 It’s very likely that he will not agree. 很有可能他不会同意。 【词汇辨析】 likely,possible 与 probable likely 是常用词,指从表面痕迹来看很有可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说 sb/sth be likely to do,但是不可以说 It is likely for sb to do sth.。 possible 强调客观上有可能,但含有实际上可能性很小的意思。主语不可以是人,只能是用 it 作形式主语。构成 It is possible for sb to do sth.。 probable 语气比 possible 强,含有“很有可能,十有八九”的意思。构成 It is probable for sb to do sth.。 I’m likely to be very busy today. 我今天可能很忙。 It is possible that he will come late again. 他有可能又迟到。 It seems probable that he will arrive before dusk. 他很有可能黄昏前到达。 【尝试运用】 It’s nearly eleven o’clock and Mother walk in at any moment. A.is possible to B.is probable to C.is likely to D.is able to 6.lose(one’s)face 丢脸;受屈辱;丧失声誉 You’ll lose face if you don’t keep your promise. 如果你不遵守诺言,你会丧失声誉的。 When Tom failed to beat his opponent,he felt he had lost his face before his friends. 汤姆没能打败对手,他感觉在朋友面前很丢脸。 【拓展延伸】 lose heart 泄气,灰心 lose one’s heart to 爱上,钟情于 lose weight 减肥 lose one’s way 迷路 lose one’s life 丧生 lose courage 丧失勇气 【尝试运用】 In order not to ,he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day. A.lose courage B.lose heart C.lose face D.lose voice 7.as well 也,还,而且(放于句末) Give me those books as well. 把那些书也给我吧。 【词汇辨析】 as well,also 与 too 它们的意思相同,都意为“也,还”。但是在句中的位置不同。 also 比较正式,一般放在实义动词之前,be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后。 too 和 as well 比较通俗。as well 放于句末。too 用于句中或句末,可用逗号隔开。 I’ve met Mary and I’ve also met her father. 我见过玛丽,也见过她父亲。 I’ve read the book and seen the film too. 我看过这本书,也看过这部电影。 【尝试运用】 John believes that bears hibernate in winter . A.also;either B.too;as well C.also;as well D.as well;too 8.It is amazing that 那是令人吃惊的,也就是:It is+adj.+that 句型 It is amazing that you should do it so well. 你竟然把这件事做得这么好,真令人吃惊。 【拓展延伸】 It is necessary/important/natural/strange/surprising that 做……很…… 本句型后要加 should do。 It is really a surprising thing that the girl should get married so early. 这个女孩会这么早结婚真是一件令人吃惊的事。 It was natural that he should think so. 他会那样想是正常的。 【尝试运用】 It is necessary that you present at the meeting. A.will be B.are C.should be D.being 运用词汇 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The letters USA r the United States of America. 2.He g all the guests warmly as they arrived. 3.Much to my surprise,my intention was (误会了). 4.My (联合)with him goes back to our days in high school.At present,our dreams have come true. 5.When the dog attacked me,I (保卫)myself with a stick. 6.They have to communicate entirely by g because of the distance between them. 7.The girl’s (宿舍)is off limits to all male students. 8.Let’s set up an (社团)to help people in trouble. 9.He got a very serious (面部)injury in the fight yesterday. 10.Don’t judge her work too (主观地). Ⅱ.选词填空 curious about defend against be likely to in general at ease 1.As far as I know,most of them return to work because of the pressure of losing their jobs. 2. ,her work has been good,but this essay is dreadful. 3.The boy was so what gift his parents bought for him that he opened the little box without their permission. 4.The lawyer his client(当事人) the charge of attempted murder. 5.I was surprised to find that the little girl was quite among strangers as if she had known them for a long time. Ⅲ.单项填空 1.The children everything they saw at the exhibition and showed great interest in those things they had never seen before. A.were curious about B.were particular about C.were curious for D.were careful about 2.There are many stars in the sky,so it is not to rain this night. A.doubtful B.likely C.probably D.possibly 3.Butterflies announce the to spring. A.attitude B.approach C.viewpoint D.principle 4.We had a better way to our country against the enemy. A.defend B.reserve C.prevent D.stop 5.Doctors tried their best to make the patient feel . A.at ease B.with ease C.for ease D.at peace 参考答案 识记词汇 1.represent 代表 curious 好奇的 approach 靠近,接近 function 作用,功能 ease 安逸,舒适 adult 成年人 false 错误的 lose face 丢脸 defend...against 防御 at ease 自由自在 on the contrary 相反 2.(1)defence (2)likely (3)represent (4)dash (5)approach (6)cheek (7)flight 精讲词汇 1.D 考查名词与介词的搭配辨析。approach“方法”,与 to 连用,表示“……的方法”;而 means 意为“方式”,不可与 to 连用;method 与 with 搭配;way 则与 of 连用,和 to 连用时,to 为不 定式,不是介词。 2.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我极想知道他说的话。strange “奇怪的”;amusing “好 笑的”;conscious “有意识的”。根据句意选 C 项。 3.A 考查名词与介词的搭配。句意:他和玛丽在一起时感到完全放松。at ease “感到舒 适,完全松弛”。故选 A 项。 4.A 考查固定短语。defend sb against/from 意为“保护某人免受伤害”。 5.C 考查 likely,possible 与 probable 的辨析。由于主语为 Mother,指人。故选 C 项。 6.C 考查动词短语的辨析。lose courage“丧失勇气”;lose heart“泄气,灰心”;lose face“丢脸; 受屈辱”。由句意可知答案为 C 项。 7.C 考查词汇辨析。由第一空所在位置及其词汇辨析可知,第一空只能填 also,either 用 于否定句中。故选 C 项。 8.C 考查 It is necessary that 这一句型,后面应用 should do。 运用词汇 Ⅰ.1.represent 2.greeted 3.misunderstood 4.association 5.defended 6.gesture 7.dormitory 8.association 9.facial 10.subjectively Ⅱ.1.are likely to 2.In general 3.curious about 4.defended;against 5.at ease Ⅲ.1~5 ABBAA Period 2 文本研读课 学习目标 1.Students are able to have a good understanding of the text. 2.Students can know the following words:represent,curious,approach,misunderstand,likely,in general,avoid. 3.Students can know the function of the -ing form. 课堂探究 ➡Step 1 Skimming Go through the first three paragraphs quickly and silently and find out the main idea. Question:What is the main idea of the first three paragraphs? ➡Step 2 Careful reading Read the first three paragraphs again and try to find the detailed information. Task 1:Choose the best answer. 1.What did the writer go to the Capital International Airport for yesterday? A.To see off his friend. B.To buy a flight ticket. C.To meet international students. D.To meet some visitors coming from several countries. 2.Where is Tony Garcia from? A.Britain. B.Japan. C.Colombia. D.Canada. 3.From Paragraph 2 we know that Japanese prefer to when they are introduced to others. A.bow B.shake hands C.kiss each other D.touch others’ shoulders 4.According to the text,men from the Middle East often . A.nod heads and wave hands to girls B.touch others’ heads when they first meet C.kiss each other twice on each cheek when they are introduced to others D.stand quite close to other men when they talk but will not touch women 5.How does Mr Garcia greet Ms Smith? A.He shakes hands with her. B.He touches her shoulder and kisses her. C.He smiles at her. D.He bows to her. Task 2:Read the last two paragraphs and choose the best answer for the following questions. 1.How do people use unspoken language? A.By the movements of their bodies. B.By eye contact. C.By keeping physical distance,actions or posture. D.By moving their hands. 2.People from seldom touch strangers,while people from are more likely to touch. A.England;Spain,Italy and South American countries B.France;Spain,America and England C.Spain;Italy,England and South American countries D.Spain;Italy,England and America 3.We can infer from the text that . A.we can communicate successfully with others using body language B.people from different countries will not misunderstand each other using body language C.we should try to learn more about other countries’ customs D.all around the world,people express the same ideas using the same body language 4.How many international students are mentioned in the passage? A.8 B.7 C.6 D.5 ➡Step 3 Enjoy some beautiful sentences. 1.Yesterday,another student and I,representing our university’s student association,went to the airport to meet this year’s international students. 2.In the same way that people communicate with spoken language,they also express their feelings using unspoken language through physical distance,actions or posture. 3.When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door,she recognized Tony Garcia’s smiling face. ➡Step 4 Do some exercises. 1. more attention,the trees could have grown better. A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given 2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped on a big rock by the side of the path. A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest D.rest 3.The secretary worked late into the night, a long speech for the president. A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing 4.The computer center, last year,is very popular among the students in this school. A.having openedB.open C.opening D.opened 5.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks that he enjoyed his stay here. A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 6.The first textbooks for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A.having writtenB.to be written C.being written D.written 7. a post office,I stopped some stamps. A.Passed;buying B.Passing;to buy C.Having passed;buy D.Pass;to buy 8.Here are some new computer programs for home buildings. A.designing B.design C.designed D.to design ➡Step 5 Summary Fill in the blank with proper words. Not all cultures 1. each other in the same way.Each country may have its own way to 2. feelings.In Britain,people may keep a 3. distance.In Japan,people may 4. to each other when they meet.In France,people 5. hands and kiss each other twice on each 6. .And in South American countries,they may stand 7. and touch each other.But in Middle East Muslim countries,they shake hands only with men,not with women.In China today,people may shake hands with each other,sometimes they greet each other only with a 8. . ➡Step 6 Homework 1.Retell the passage in your own words. 2.Do some research on body language by surfing the Internet or reading books and make a report. 课后提升 1.Find out different ways for people to greet. 2.Translate the following sentences. (1)各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距的程度也并不一 样。 (2)在当今文化交融的世界,学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。 参考答案 课堂探究 Step 1:Different international students behave differently when they greet people. Step 2:Task 1:1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B Task 2:1.C 2.A 3.C 4.C Step 4:1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C Step 5:1.greet 2.express 3.certain 4.bow 5.shake 6.cheek 7.close 8.smile 课后提升 1.People greet each other by shaking hands,kissing on the cheek or bowing in different countries. 2.(1)Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. (2)Studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads. Period 3 知识讲练课 学习目标 1.Grasp the usage of such important words and expressions as greet,represent,association,curiously,approach,defence,major,likely,in general,at ease,lose face,turn one’s back to,etc. 2.Master the following patterns: (1)The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. (2) Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 学习过程 ➡Step 1 Fill in the blanks according to what you have learned. Yesterday,another student and I,(1) our university’s student association,went to meet this year’s international students.After half an hour of waiting,I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around (2) .I went forward to (3) them.After being introduced,they greeted each other in different ways,causing some (4) and cultural mistakes. As I get to know more international friends,I learn more about this cultural (5)“ ”.Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.In the same way that people (6) with spoken language,they also express their feelings through physical distance,actions or (7) . These actions are simply ways in which cultures have developed.I have seen,however,that cultural customs for body language are very general—not all members of a culture (8) in the same way.(9) ,though,studying international customs can certainly help (10) difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads. ➡Step 2 Words and expressions 1.There are many different ways to greet someone using words.有许多利用语言和别人 打招呼的方式。 【观察思考】 (1)Jim came across the room to greet his friends. 吉姆穿过房间来迎接他的朋友们。 (2)He greeted me in the street with a friendly wave of the hand. 他在街上向我亲切地挥手致意。 (3)They exchanged greetings and sat down to lunch. 他们互相致意后便坐下吃午饭。 greet vi.&vt.迎接;问候 greet sb with sth 用……欢迎/致意/问候某人 greet sth with sth 对某事作出某种反应 greetings n.问候 exchange greetings 互致问候 【尝试运用】 (1)His speech was (欢呼)by loud cheers. (2)她以笑容迎接我。(汉译英) (3)We exchange (问候)and gifts. 2.Yesterday,another student and I,representing our university’s student association...昨 天,我和另一个学生代表我们学校的学生会…… 【观察思考 1】 (1)This painting represents a storm. 这幅画描绘了一场暴风雨。 (2)You must represent the danger to them. 你必须告诉他们危险的所在。 (3)We chose a committee to represent us. 我们选出一个委员会来代表我们。 (4)We appointed her as our representative. 我们指派她作为我们的代表。 represent vt.表现;描写;描绘;代表;声称 represent...as 把……描绘成…… represent sth to sb 向某人陈述某事 represent oneself as/to be 自称是 representative adj.有代表性的 n.代表;代理人 representation n.表现;代表;代理 【尝试运用】 (1)He (声称)himself as a philosopher. (2)The firm needs more (代理)in China. (3)This mark (代表)a village. 【观察思考 2】 (1)Many associations are breaking up for lack of money. 许多社团因缺乏资金而纷纷解散。 (2)I benefited much from my association with him. 和他的交往让我受益匪浅。 (3)He associated politics with wars. 他把政治跟战争联系在一起。 association n.社团;联系;联想 in association with 与……联合 associate vt.将……联系起来;在头脑中联想 associate...with...把……和……联系起来 associate with sb 与某人常打交道 【尝试运用】 (4)We (一想起中国,就联想到了长城). (5)Don’t (与……打交道)dishonest boys. 3.I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.我看到几 个年轻人进入候机室并且好奇地四处张望。 【观察思考】 (1)I am curious to know where she found the money. 我想知道她是在哪儿找到的钱。 (2)They were curious about the people living upstairs. 他们对住在楼上的人感到好奇。 (3)Out of curiosity,he pulled down the handle of the fire alarm. 出于好奇,他把火警警报器的手把拉了下来。 curious adj.好奇的;求知欲强的 be curious to do sth 好奇做某事 be curious about 对……好奇 curiously adv.好奇地;感兴趣地 curiosity n.好奇心;求知欲 out of curiosity 出于好奇 【尝试运用】 (1)She was what had happened. 她很想知道发生了什么。 (2)I was how she would react. 我对她会怎样反应感到好奇。 (3)He gave in to and opened my letter. 他抵不住好奇心,拆开了我的信。 (4)I see his eyes stare at me. 我看到他的眼睛好奇地盯着我。 4.Tony approached Julia,touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!托尼走近朱 莉娅,摸了摸她的肩,亲了亲她的脸! 【观察思考】 (1)The day of his wedding approached. 他结婚的日子临近了。 (2)We approached the museum. 我们走近博物馆。 (3)His work is approaching perfection. 他的工作近乎完美。 (4)Did he approach you about lending him some money? 他有没有向你接洽有关借钱给他的事? (5)Our approach frightened the birds away. 我们一靠近,鸟全都惊飞了。 (6)We have found a new approach to the study of English. 我们发现了学英语的新方法。 approach vi.&vt.向……靠近;接近;着手处理 approach sb about sth 接洽;要求 approach n.靠近 approach n.方法,步骤(后常跟介词 to) 【词汇辨析】 approach,manner,way,method 与 means approach 表示具体的做事的方法或手段,只和介词 to 搭配。 manner“方式,样子,态度”,和介词 in 连用,如指“礼貌”,形式为复数,即 manners。 way“方式,方法”,和介词 in 连用。 method“方法,办法”,多指某种具体的方法,只和介词 with 连用。 means“方法,手段”,和介词 by 连用。注意 means 的单数和复数形式相同。 【尝试运用】 (1)I’m going to (接洽)the bank about a loan. (2)The (临近)of winter brings cold weather. (3)What is the best way (处理)this problem? 5.She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands,as if in defence.她后退几 步,显得很吃惊,并举起手来,好像在做防卫一样。 【观察思考】 (1)She had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。 (2)The union said that they would take action to defend their member’s jobs. 工会说他们将采取行动维护会员的工作权益。 (3)A thick overcoat is a good defence against cold. 一件厚大衣足以御寒。 (4)They took up arms in defence of their country. 他们拿起武器保卫祖国。 defend vt.保卫,保护;捍卫,(为被告)辩护 defend...against/from...保卫……以免受…… defend oneself 自我防卫;为自己辩解 defence n.防御;保卫,保护 in defence 防御,防卫 in defence of 为了保卫…… 【尝试运用】 (1)He left home to join the army to (保卫)his motherland. (2)The accused man had a lawyer to defend him.(英译汉) (3)Would you be able to (自卫)if someone attacked you in the street? 6.I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding.我猜想这其中可能有个 大的误会。 【观察思考】 (1)The major part of the job is done by machine. 这种工作主要由机器来做。 (2)What’s your major at university? 你大学时的专业是什么? (3)The majority were on Ben’s side. 大多数人都站在本这一边。 major adj.主要的 major n.〔C〕专业;主修科目 major vi.主修 major in 主修…… majority n.大多数 【尝试运用】 (1)汤姆在改进教学方面起了主要作用。(汉译英) (2)He (主修)English at university. 7.However,people from places like Spain,Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.不过,来自西班牙、意大利和南美等国的人会 站在离别人很近的地方,而且可能会(用身体)接触对方。 【观察思考】 (1)She is the most likely girl to win the prize. 她是最有希望得奖的女孩。 (2)He is likely to get hurt because he always trusts people easily. 他很容易受伤,因为他很轻易就相信别人。 (3)It’s likely that he will succeed.=He is likely to succeed. 他很有可能成功。 likely adj.可能的;有希望的 be likely to do 很可能……;有希望…… It is likely that...很可能…… 【词汇辨析】 likely,possible 与 probable likely 是常用词,指表面上看很可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说 sb/sth be likely to do 或 It’s likely that...,但是不能说 It is likely for sb to do。 possible 强调客观上的可能,但含有实际上可能性很小的意思。主语不能是人,只能用 it 作为形式主语。构成 It is possible for sb to do sth 或 It is possible that...结构。 probable 主要强调有根有据、合情合理的推测,含有“很可能,十有八九”的意思。构成 It is probable that...结构。 【尝试运用】 (1)It (很可能)that he will not consent. (2)这趟火车很可能晚点。(汉译英) (3)She is not to come next month. A.like B.properly C.possibly D.likely 8. In general,though,studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads!但总的来说,在当今文化交融的世界,学习不同国家的 习俗肯定能够帮助我们避免交往中的困难。 【观察思考】 In general,your idea is not bad. 大体上来说,你的想法还不错。 in general 总的来说;通常 generally speaking 大体上说 as a whole 整个来说(总体上) on the whole 总的来说 【尝试运用】 (1)I like games (总的来说),especially football. (2) ,his work has been good,but this essay is dreadful. A.In case B.Above all C.On purpose D.In general 9.The most universal facial expression is,of course,the smile —its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.微笑当然是最普遍通用的面部表情,它的作用是表示快乐和 安人心境。 【观察思考】 (1)At first we didn’t feel at ease before him. 开始时,我们在他面前感到有些拘束。 (2)He handed her a cup of coffee to put her at ease. 他递给她一杯咖啡,让她放松下来。 (3)She led a life of ease.她过着舒适安逸的日子。 (4)Talking eased his anxiety.那番话打消了他的顾虑。 at ease 舒适;快活;自由自在 ease n.安逸;舒适 ease vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑) ease sb of sth 消除某人的痛苦等 at comfort 舒适地 feel at ease 感到自在 put/set sb at ease 使某人感到舒适、放松 be/feel ill at ease 感到不舒服 【尝试运用】 (1)He felt (轻松自在)and confident about the future. (2)这种药减轻了她的痛苦。(汉译英) (3)Set your mind at ease.(英译汉) 10.There are unhappy smiles,such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.有 一些微笑表示的并非高兴,比如说当有人“丢了面子”而用微笑来掩饰。 【观察思考】 (1)He’ll lose face if he does not keep his promise. 如果他不遵守诺言,他就会感到羞愧。 (2)Though she’d lost her job,she saved face by saying she’d left it willingly. 她失去了工作,却说是自愿离职以保全面子。 (3)His ambition was to meet his favorite pop star face to face. 他的愿望是面对面地见见他心目中的流行歌星。 (4)We are powerless in the face of such forces. 面对这样强大的力量,我们无能为力。 lose face 丢脸 save one’s face 保全面子 be faced with 面对着 make a face/faces 做鬼脸 face to face 面对面地 in the face of sth 面对某事物 look sb in the face 直视某人 【尝试运用】 (1)The embarrassing situation caused me to (丢面子). (2)Jeff (会丢面子)if his friend fails to work hard. (3) (面对)with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time. 11.In most places around the world,frowning and turning one’s back to someone shows anger.在世界上很多地方,皱眉或者背对某人表示愤怒。 【观察思考】 (1)He turned his back to me,and I knew he must be annoyed by my words. 他背过身去不理我,我知道他肯定是被我的话惹恼了。 (2)You can’t turn your back to him when he is in trouble. 当他遇到麻烦时,你不能背弃他。 (3)Lucy and Lily sit back to back. 露西和莉莉背靠背坐着。 turn one’s back to 背对;背弃 back to back 背靠背 turn up 出现,到场;开大 turn down 拒绝;开小一点 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn to sb for help 向……求助 turn out 证明是,结果是 【尝试运用】 (1)He (背对)the audience. (2)While the teacher (背对)his students,a boy was making a face. (3)I won’t ever forgive my elder brother—he (背弃)to me and refused to lend me money when I lost my job. ➡Step 3 Sentences we are going to learn 1.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚,随后紧跟着的是来自英国 的朱莉娅·史密斯。 【观察思考】 (1)He is the best man to do the job. 他是做这项工作的最佳人选。 (2)He is always the first person to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个来最后一个离开。 当中心词是序数词或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,常用不定式作后置定语。 【尝试运用】 (1)Liu Yang is the first woman in China . 刘洋是中国第一位在太空遨游的女士。 (2)—The last one pays for the meal. —Agreed! ——最后一个到的请客。 ——同意! 2.Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相 同,身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。 【观察思考】 (1)Not all answers are correct.=All answers are not correct. 不是所有的答案都是正确的。 (2)Not every student has passed the exam.=Every student has not passed the exam. 并不是每一个学生都通过了考试。 (3)I never saw him again,nor did I hear from him. 我再也没有见到他,也没有收到他的信。 (1)not all...=all...not...并不是所有的都……(部分否定) not every...=every...not...并不是每一个都……(部分否定) not both...=both...not...并非两者都……(部分否定) none of 都不(全部否定) neither of...两者都不(全部否定) (2)本句中 nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people 是 不完全倒装句。否定意义的词或短语放在句首通常用不完全倒装句,即把助动词提到主语前 面。 【尝试运用】 (1) (并不是所有的)the new companies can succeed. (2)I don’t like all the books.(英译汉) (3)不是每个人都喜欢这本书。(汉译英) (4)Hardly believe the news. 我几乎不能相信这个消息。 ➡Step 4 Homework 1.Go over the words and expressions as well as sentence structures we have learned today. 2.完成句子。 (1)He is the first person every morning. 每天早上,他是第一个到达教室的人。 (2)The teacher came out of the classroom, a group of students. 老师走出教室,后面跟着一群学生。 (3)Seldom in all my life such a determined person. 我一生中很少遇到这样意志坚定的人。 (4)This is the way I do such thing. 这是我做这件事的方式。 (5) in the factory work hard. 并不是工厂里所有的工人都努力工作。 参 考 答 案 ➡Step 1 (1)representing (2)curiously (3)greet (4)misunderstandings (5)body language (6)communicate (7)posture (8)behave (9)In general (10)avoid ➡Step 2 1.【尝试运用】(1)greeted (2)She greeted me with a smile. (3)greetings 2.【尝试运用】(1)represented (2)representation (3)represents (4)associate China with the Great Wall (5)associate with 3.【尝试运用】(1)curious to know (2)curious about (3)curiosity (4)curiously 4.【尝试运用】(1)approach (2)approach (3)to approach 5.【尝试运用】(1)defend (2)被告有一律师为他辩护。 (3)defend yourself 6.【尝试运用】(1)Tom played a major part in the improvement of teaching. (2)majored in 7.【尝试运用】(1)is very likely (2)The train is likely to be late. (3)D 8.【尝试运用】(1)in general (2)D 9.【尝试运用】(1)at ease (2)The medicine eased her of the pain. (3)请放心。 10.【尝试运用】(1)lose face (2)will lose face (3)Faced 11.【尝试运用】(1)turned his back to (2)turned his back to (3)turned his back ➡Step 3 1.【尝试运用】(1)to wander in space (2)to arrive 2.【尝试运用】(1)Not all (2)我并不是哪一本书都喜欢。 (3)Not everyone likes this book. (4)could I ➡Step 4 2.(1)to arrive at the classroom (2)followed by (3)have I met (4)in which/that/ 不 填 (5)Not all the workers Period 4 语法专题课 学习目标 Ⅰ.Know the rules of this grammar point. 1.The -ing form can be used as the attribute. 2.The -ing form can be used as the adverbial of time/reason/accompanying/result... Ⅱ.Make use of the rules to make sentences. 呈现新知 Look through the first reading passage,write out the missing part of the eight sentences and point out their functions in the sentences. 1.Yesterday,another student and I, ,went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students. 2.I saw several young people enter the waiting area . 3.I stood for a minute and then went to greet them. 4.She stepped back and put up her hands. 5.Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in . 6.Just at that moment,however,Akira bowed so his nose touched . 7.When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door,she recognized Tony Garcia’s face. 8.In the same way that people communicate with spoken language,they also express their feelings . 感受新知 Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the following verbs. observe deliver focus touch approach enjoy defend shake 1.He is a postman letters from door to door. 2.While the professor was doing the experiment,the boy sat there carefully. 3.He lost his life the honor of his nation. 4.She sat by the windows, the beautiful sights outside. 5.The buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming. 6.How attentive the students are! They are all sitting straight, their eyes on the screen. 7.It is exciting to watch athletes reach the other end of the swimming pool. 8.The blind man walked the walls of the building. 归纳拓展 Ⅰ.Read the following sentences and find out the function of the underlined part. 1.On the bed lies a sleeping baby. 2.There is a baby sleeping in the bed. 3.Looking about,he saw nothing around him. 4.Tom stood there,not moving,and waited for the approaching bus. 5.You speak English very well,considering you have only been studying for a year. Ⅱ.According to Chinese,fill in the blanks of the following sentences and find out their functions in the sentences. 1. (听到这个好消息),we were all excited. 2. (不知道他的地址),we couldn’t get in touch with him. 3.The teacher stood there, (同另一个老师谈话). 4. (往右转),you will find the post office. 5.I turned off the light, (所以什么也看不见). 6. (尽管相信他的话),we still think that he hasn’t tried his best. 7.After a discussion,our family went (购物)together. 8. (从她的外表看),she seems to be a doctor. 巩固运用 Ⅰ.单句改错 1.Sarah pretended to be cheerful,said nothing about the argument. 2.Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself tired,to keep on your feet. 3.Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house looked newly polished. 4.Look over there—there’s a very long,winding path leads up to the house. 5.Recently a survey compared prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate among citizens. 6.Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures,some had a life span of around 20 years. 7.More highways have been built in China,to make it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. 8.Do you wake up every morning feel energetic and ready to start a new day? 9.Gather around the fire,the tourists danced with the local people. 10.On receiving a phone call from his wife says she had a fall,Mr Green immediately rushed home from his office. Ⅱ.单项填空 1.(2014 北京卷)Last night,there were millions of people the opening ceremony live on TV. A.watch B.to watch C.watched D.watching 2.The lecture, at 7:00 pm last night,was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A.starting B.being started C.to start D.to be started 3.(2014 大纲卷)Today there are more airplanes more people than ever before in the skies. A.carry B.carrying C.carried D.to be carrying 4.Mark lives in a big pleasant room approximately 5 meters by 6 meters. A.measures B.measuring C.to be measured D.having measured 5.(2014 福建卷) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more mature than those of her age. A.Spending B.Spent C.Having spent D.To spend 6.“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, away. A.run B.running C.to run D.ran 7.(2014 湖南卷 )There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland; at the night sky. A.to stare B.staring C.stared D.having stared 8. how to work out the difficult physics problem,he asked the teacher for help. A.Not to know B.Not knowing C.Knowing not D.Not known 9.(2014 江西卷) nearly all our money,we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel. A.Having spent B.To spend C.Spent D.To have spent 10. many times,he still repeated the same mistake. A.Having been told B.Having told C.Telling D.Told 11.(2014 山东卷)There’s a note pinned to the door when the shop will open again. A.saying B.says C.said D.having said 12.(2013 北京卷) the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level. A.Find B.Finding C.To find D.Found 13.(2013 江苏卷)Lionel Messi, the record for the most goals in a calendar year,is considered the most talented football player in Europe. A.set B.setting C.to set D.having set 14.(2013 湖南卷)The sun began to rise in the sky, the mountain in golden light. A.bathed B.bathing C.to have bathed D.having bathed 15.(2013 辽宁卷)Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home,there was a pile of mail for her. A.waited B.to wait C.waiting D.was waiting 16.(2013 山东卷)The room is empty except for a bookshelf in one corner. A.standing B.to stand C.stands D.stood 17.(2013 山东卷) at the cafeteria before,Tina didn’t want to eat there again. A.Having eaten B.To eat C.Eat D.Eating 18.(2013 四川卷) which university to attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice. A.Not knowing B.Knowing not C.Not known D.Known not 19.(2013 新 课 标 Ⅱ 卷 )I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from Paddington. A.caught B.to have caught C.to catch D.having caught 20.(2013 新课标Ⅰ卷)The sunlight is white and blinding, hard-edged shadows on the ground. A.throwing B.being thrown C.to throw D.to be thrown 参考答案 呈现新知 1.representing our university’s student association 2.looking around curiously 3.watching them 4.appearing surprised 5.smiling 6.George’s moving hand 7.smiling 8.using unspoken “language” through physical distance,actions and posture 感受新知 1.delivering 2.observing 3.defending 4.enjoying 5.shaking 6.focusing 7.approaching 8.touching 归纳拓展 Ⅰ.1.“Sleeping” is a single -ing form which modifies the noun“baby”,so it is placed before the noun“baby”. 2.“Sleeping in the bed” is an -ing phrase modifying a noun phrase “a baby”,so it is placed behind the noun phrase “a baby”. 3.“Looking about” is placed at the beginning of the sentence but it can also be put at the end of the sentence. 4.“Not moving” modifies the predicate “stood there”,so it is put in the middle of the sentence. 5.“Considering you have only been studying for a year” in the sentence is placed at the end of the sentence,but it can also be put at the beginning of the sentence. Ⅱ.1.Hearing the good news Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of time. 2.Not knowing his address Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of reason. 3.talking with another teacher Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of accompanying. 4.Turning to the right Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of condition. 5.seeing nothing Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of result. 6.Admitting what he said Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of giving in. 7.shopping Here the -ing form is used as an adverbial of purpose. 8.Judging from her appearance Here the logical subject of “Judging from her appearance” is not the subject of the main sentence,so it is an exception. 巩固运用 Ⅰ.1.said→saying 考查非谓语动词。句意:萨拉假装开心,对那次争论什么也没说。句中 没有连词,故 said 改为 saying,在句中是伴随状语。 2.to keep→keeping 考查非谓语动词。句意:埃玛,你坐下吧。老这么站着你会累的。to keep 表示将来。make yourself tired 与 keep on your feet 同时进行,故 to keep 改为 keeping。 3.looked→looking 考查非谓语动词。句意:迈克在他屋子外的大街上发现了他丢失的汽 车,看上去刚打过蜡。looked 是谓语形式,但句中没有连词;looking 表明车子的特性,作伴随状 语,故 looked 改为 looking。 4.leads→leading 考查非谓语动词。句意:看那儿,有一条长长的蜿蜒小路向上延伸到那 座房子。leading 作 path 的后置定语,相当于 which leads。 5.compared→comparing 考查非谓语动词。句意:最近一项调查引起了市民们的激烈讨 论,该调查是比较在两个不同超市里的相同商品的价格。句子的主语是 a survey,谓语动词是 has caused,宾语是 a heated debate。由此可见,原句不缺主干成分,“ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets”该部分是来修饰 survey 的,作后置定语。由于 prices 作 compare 的 宾语,是主动形式,故 compared 改为 comparing。 6.had→having 考查独立主格结构。句意:令人惊讶的是,蝙蝠是长寿的动物,有些能活 20 年左右。had是谓语动词形式,题中没有连词,一个简单句中不能同时存在两个谓语动词,having 是动词-ing 形式表示伴随。 7.to make→making 考查非谓语动词。句意:中国已经修建了许多高速公路,人们更加方 便地从一个地点到另外一个地点旅游。to make 作目的状语,不符合句意;making it...是动词-ing 形式在句中作结果状语,但是此句中如果去掉 in China 后的逗号,用 to make 也是正确的。 8.feel→feeling 考查非谓语动词。句意:每天早上醒来后,你是否感到精力充沛,并为新的 一天做好了准备?wake up 作句子的谓语,句中没有连词,因此用谓语动词 feel 是不对的。feel 和 you 之间是主谓关系,故用 feeling 作伴随状语。 9.Gather→Gathering 考查非谓语动词。句意:游客们围绕在火堆旁边,与当地人一起跳舞。 gather 的动作由 the tourists 执行,用主动形式,并与 dance 同时进行,故用 gathering,表示伴随。 10.says→saying 考查非谓语动词。句意:在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒后,格林先生立刻 从办公室冲回家。非谓语动词修饰 phone call,前后动词的动作在同一时间发生,表主动进行用 动词-ing 形式,表示伴随。 Ⅱ.1.D 考查非谓语动词。句意:昨天晚上,好几百万人在电视上观看了开幕式的直播。 此处为非谓语动词修饰 people,且表示主动,故用现在分词形式,相当于一个定语从句 who watched...。 2.A 考查非谓语动词的用法。根据 last night 可知 start 已经发生,故排除 C、D 两项(不 定式常表将来),B 项(being done)一般表示一个被动动作正在进行,也排除。The lecture 和 start 之间是主谓关系,故用动词-ing 形式作定语。 3.B 考查非谓语动词。句意:与以前相比,如今天空中有更多的飞机来运送更多的乘客。 “ more people”是定语,修饰 airplanes。且 airplanes 和 carry 之间是主谓关系,因此 B 项 正确。 4.B 考查动词-ing 形式作定语。本句中的动词measure 可以作为及物动词vt.“测量;估量”; 也可以表示“距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……”。本句中的 measure 表示的就是第二层含 义“距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……”;动词 measure 与前面的名词 room 构成逻辑上的主 动关系,故使用动词-ing 形式 measuring approximately 5 meters by 6 meters 来修饰前面的名词 room。句意:马克生活在一个面积大约为 5 米乘 6 米的很大的舒服的房子里。故 B 项正确。 5.C 考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:作为交换生在香港待了一年,琳达看上去要比她的同 龄人更成熟。分析句子结构可知,所填部分在句中作状语,且与句子的主语之间是主动关系, 排除 B 项;根据句意可知,非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前,故选 C 项。 6.B 考查非谓语动词。动词-ing 形式 running 与句中主语 Janet 为逻辑上的主谓关系, 与句中谓语动词 shout 同时发生。句意:“你抓不住我!”珍妮特喊着,逃跑了。故 B 项正确。动 词-ing 形式作状语的用法需要注意动词-ing 形式的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。 7.B 考查非谓语动词。句意:没有什么乐趣能比得上躺在草地中央,凝望夜空。根据句意 可知,“躺在草地中央”与“凝望夜空”是同时发生的动作,因此用现在分词形式作伴随状语。 8.B 考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。句意:不知道怎么解决这个难的物理问题,他向老师 求助。因为 he 和 know 是主动关系,用动词-ing 形式作状语,否定式是在动词-ing 形式前面加 not,选 B 项。 9.A 考查非谓语动词。句意:几乎把我们所有的钱都花光了,我们住不起旅馆了。分析句 子结构可知,所填部分在句中作原因状语,与句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系,故用现 在分词作状语。 10.A 考查非谓语动词。句意:他虽然被告诉过许多次但仍旧犯同样的错误。这里是非 谓语动词作状语,having done 在谓语动词之前发生表示主动。having been done 在谓语动词之 前发生表示被动。故选 A 项。 11.A 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处要用非谓语动词形式修饰前面的名词 a note, 且 note 与 say 之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故要用现在分词的一般式作后置定语。句意:在门上 钉着一张字条,上面说商店何时将会再次开张。 12.B 考查非谓语动词。句意:她发现这门课程很难,决定转学难度小一些的课程。主语 she 与动词 find 之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作原因状语。 13.D 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句的主句结构是非常完整的,缺少的成分 只能是非谓语形式,主语 Lionel Messi 与 set the record 是主动关系,而且“创纪录”已经完成,所 以用现在分词的完成式。 14.B 考查非谓语动词。bath“沐浴,笼罩”,可作及物动词。“ the mountain in golden light”在题目中作状语。A 项为过去分词,表被动和完成;B 项为现在分词作状语;C 项为不定式 的完成式,表示该动作发生在谓语动词之前;D 项为现在分词的完成式,表示该动作发生在谓 语动词之前。句意:太阳开始在空中升起,那座山沐浴在金色的阳光里。故选 B 项。 15.C 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,there be 句型结构完整,缺少的只是修饰成分, 排除 D 项;a pile of mail 与 wait 之间存在主动关系,所以选择现在分词形式作后置定语。 16.A 考查非谓语动词。句意:这个房间空荡荡的,只不过是角落里立着一个书架。根据 except for 可知,后面不能用谓语动词形式,且 bookshelf 与 stand 之间存在逻辑上的主动关系, 故用现在分词作后置定语。故选 A 项。 17.A 考查非谓语动词。句意:蒂娜以前曾在这家自助餐厅吃过饭,她不想再去了。根据 句意可知,此处非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前,且主语 Tina 与 eat 存在逻辑上的 主动关系,故要用现在分词的完成式。因此 A 项正确。 18.A 考查非谓语动词。句意:由于不知道上哪一所大学,这个女孩向她的老师征求建议。 非谓语动词的否定式,应把 not 置于非谓语动词的前面,故排除 B 项和 D 项;由于 know 与主句 的主语 the girl 之间存在主动关系,故选 A 项。 19.D 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,赶上七点半的火车这件事发生在前,到达办公室 发生在后,为了体现动作的先后,故使用分词的完成式;主句主语与 catch 之间是主动关系,所以 选 D 项。 20.A 考查非谓语动词。句意:阳光明亮刺眼,在地上投下轮廓分明的影子。所填部分在 句中作伴随状语,且 the sunlight 与 throw 之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。 单元综合演练 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 A You can decide if you're happy or not. Happiness is a choice. You can't rely on others to make you happy. That is a lesson I learned early on in my marriage (婚姻). I realized that I couldn't rely on my husband as my source of happiness. I learned that my happiness relied on myself and not my husband's action. I learned that you had to choose to be happy. You can choose your feelings. Happiness can't be forced by outside forces. So how do you choose happiness? You can choose to smile or choose to wear a nice dress. You choose it because that's what you want to experience in your life. You want to buy a new pair of shoes so you choose a pair that you like and feel good. You wouldn't buy a pair of shoes that you don't like or that don't fit well, right? So why do we keep choosing emotions (情绪) that don't make us feel good? Choosing to be happy after you realize your anger has turned up can be good. We choose our feelings and emotions and no one can do that for us. If we let others get to us, affect our feelings—we're giving them power over us. We need to keep our emotions in_check. We need to think our actions over instead of just reacting to what someone says or does. Remember that we can always choose happiness. At first it'll be difficult to just change your thoughts and feelings from anger, self－doubt, or fear to joy and happiness. But it's only a thought away. Realize that thoughts and emotions can change. Then move on and choose to be happy. 21．What did the writer learn from her own marriage? A．We couldn't rely on others to get happiness. B．Her husband wasn't worth relying on. C．Her husband's action affected her happiness. D．Her husband didn't love her at all. 22．Why did the writer mention buying shoes in this text? A．To tell us how to choose a pair of right shoes. B．To introduce the topic she would talk about. C．To tell us choosing shoes needs time and energy. D．To show us that happiness can be chosen. 23．The underlined phrase “in check” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”． A．by hand B．under control C．in return D．at heart 答案与解析： 21．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I learned that my happiness relied on myself and not my husband's action.”可知作者从自己的婚姻中得到的教训是“我们不能依靠别人获得幸 福，幸福要靠自己。” 答案：A 22．解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中提到的买鞋子，最后又提到“So why do we keep choosing emotions that don't make us feel good？”可知作者是通过买鞋子举例告诉我们幸福 是可以选择的。 答案：D 23．解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的“instead of just reacting to what someone says or does”可知作者建议我们要控制一下自己的情绪，故答案为 B。by hand 手工；under control 在……控制下；in return 回报，报答；at heart 心底里，本质上。 答案：B B The Old Man and the Sea, which is written by Ernest Hemingway, is a work of excellence. It is a heroic tale of a man against forces he cannot control. This story aims to teach important life lessons to the readers. At the same time, it tells us two themes: friendship and bravery. First, it is friendship. The relationship between the old man and the boy — Manolin, is introduced early in the story. Santiago does not treat Manolin as a young boy but as an equal. Age is not a factor in their relationship. Manolin is also loyal to Santiago and even when his parents don't agree with him, he still wants to help his friend. Santiago does not only teach Manolin about fishing but also about important things such as faith. Second, it is bravery. Through Santiago's actions Hemingway teaches the readers about bravery and perseverance (毅力) in the face of difficulties. He proves that even when all is lost and it seems hopeless a determined heart and faith will overcome anything. Ernest Hemingway said that there were no symbols in the novel and it was just a story he overheard in a bar when he lived in Cuba. But his article shows us a heroism paean (赞美歌)． 24．From The Old Man and the Sea readers can learn ________. A. how to be a good old man B. how to fish well C. something about life D. how to write a good story 25．How did Hemingway think of writing the story? A. He suddenly had such an idea. B. He overheard someone telling the story in a bar. C. Manolin offered him an idea. D. Hemingway's friend told him the story in a bar. 26．In the author's opinion, Manolin's parents ________. A. don't expect him to fish with Santiago B. think highly of Santiago C. hope to make friends with Santiago D. are good at fishing 27．It can be inferred that the story shows ________. A. a man can be destroyed but not defeated B. a man can always succeed if he does his best C. two heads are better than one D. all roads lead to Rome 答案与解析： 24．解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段得出答案。 答案：C 25．解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知，海明威是在酒吧里无意中听到别人讲了 一个故事，便产生了写作的动机。 答案：B 26．解析：推理判断题。由第三段倒数第二句可知，Manolin 的父母不同意他与 Santiago 在一起。由此可推出答案。 答案：A 27．解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，在一切都失去，看似没有希望的时 候，意志和信念可以克服一切。由此推出答案。 答案：A C My topic today is the Internet. It was prompted (引出) by the first letter, which I am unable to answer fully for the reasons given! Dear David， I am a middle school student. Now I am preparing for a writing competition. Could you please check the mistakes in my article about using the Internet and give me some advice? Thank you. No name David writes： I am very sorry to say that I think it would be unfair to help you win a competition — unfair to the other competitors! But I will say that your article is very interesting and I wish you good luck. Your article makes some good points that deserve talking about in this column! Dear David， I'm now learning English by myself. Can you introduce some useful websites where I can make friends with foreigners? Please help me. Moonlight David writes： Well, dear Moonlight, I bet you made a good choice by using the Net in your self-studies. Two very good websites I would suggest to you are www.britishcouncil.org.cn and www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglish. By the way, for those readers interested in the teaching of English, there is an Internet discussion group called ELTCSChi — L (English Language Teaching Contacts Scheme China List)． And also, a healthy warning to all my readers: If over-used, the Internet can be a WOMBAT — A Waste of Money, Brains and Time! 28．David is probably a ________. A. language expert B. computer expert C. college student D. club chairman 29．What is the reason why the first letter is unable to be fully answered? A. David is unable to think out good advice. B. David thinks it is expected to play fair in the competition. C. David is going to talk on another topic — Internet. D. David finds no mistakes in that article. 30．“www.britishcouncil.org.cn” is a(n) ________. A. website where one can make foreign friends B. website where one can join a discussion group C. newspaper column for answering readers' questions D. English newspaper for students and language teachers 31．Which of the following is NOT David's opinion of the Internet? A. English teachers can exchange opinion on the Net. B. The Internet is of much help to English learners. C. Using the Internet is a waste of money and time. D. We should make proper use of the Net. 答案与解析： 28．解析：推理判断题。根据两封读者来信和 David 的回信所述内容可知他是一位语言 专家。 答案：A 29．解析：细节理解题。他认为如果他为这位来信人修改作文，这对于其他参赛者不公 平。 答案：B 30．解析：细节理解题。Moonlight 向 David 询问有关能够交外国朋友的网站，David 给出了两个这样的网址，这是其中一个。 答案：A 31．解析：推理判断题。David 认为过度使用网络会是金钱、精力和时间的浪费。C 项 错误。 答案：C D My name is Matthew and I graduated from an online high school. I am a bright person，but I wanted more control over my life and I got it. You may be wondering why I got fed up with high school? Well, I felt like what I was learning wasn't practical, I felt like I was spending 9 hours per day on something that should only take a few hours and I felt like I wasn't getting the proper socialization. I took 4 years to graduate from my high school.The pace was decided by me. I believe I could have graduated much earlier if I was forced. I did not want to be 3 years ahead of my friends (starting college, etc), although my mom would have been proud of me. I graduated with a 4.0 GPA. Would I have been able to get a 4.0 in regular high school? I don't know. I would wake up at 6：30 am every day and come home at 4：30 pm.That is nine hours per day spent on something that I felt could have been completed in only a few hours, if that. My social life took a drop, true. Instead of hanging out and having fun, I was working online and making money. I also sat at home and spent a lot of time by myself. I still have no regrets about my high school decision..., after all, I felt like it wasn't providing enough socialization with the right type of people.Some people have a great time in high school, for most, though, it is not a great time and sometimes it is not even a healthy environment for them. You may be interested whether I got into college? Yes.I went to a public university.Upon application, and seeing my 4.0 GPA, the admissions office sent me a letter asking me to join their Honors College! 32．Why did the author decide to get his degree of high school online? A．He disliked playing with the classmates. B．He hoped to manage his own study and life. C．His family was poor and he couldn't afford it. D．His parents were teachers and they taught him at home. 33．When did the author study at home to get his degree? A．From 6：30 am to 4：30 pm every day. B．From 7：30 am to 3：30 pm every day. C．He would spare nine hours every day. D．He would spare some hours without fixed time. 34．What did the author do in his spare time during the four years? A．Try to make his social life rise like others. B．Hang out and have fun with others. C．Manage to make money online. D．Stay at the public libraries. 35．What can we learn about the author's study result from the last paragraph ? A．It is so bad that he only got 4.0 GPA. B．It is good enough to be admitted to a university. C．Colleges are interested in him if a student studies online. D．College admissions offices are not interested in him at all. 答案与解析： 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己高中生活与众不同，在网上取得高中学历，即使这 样，作者优异的成绩依然为他迎来了一张公立大学的录取通知单。 32．解析：细节理解题。第一段中的 I wanted more control over my life 说明作者选择这 种学习方式的原因是为了自己管理自己的生活。和 B 项的 manage his own study and life 相吻 合。 答案：B 33．解析：推理判断题。第三段中的 wake up at 6：30 am every day and come home at 4： 30 pm 说的是如果作者不选择网络学习就要用的学习时间，所以答案选择 D 项。 答案：D 34．解析：推理判断题。第四段第二句中的 I was working online and making money 是本 题的解题线索，而 A 项和第四段的第一句相悖，B 项和第四段第二句的上半句相悖。D 项 未提及。 答案：C 35．解析：主旨大意题。第三段第一句提到了作者的学习成绩，而第二句作者也用设问 的方式表明自己对成绩很满意。最后一段最后一句中的 the admissions office sent me a letter asking me to join their Honors College 说明作者的成绩很好，得到了大学的青睐。 答案：B 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 __36__ This was not because the woods and fields were always far away, but because they were too far from the city to permit people to make a day trip between morning and nightfall. __37__ He decided to turn his little school house into a dormitory for the summer holidays.Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the school house was much too small to hold many young people who wanted to stay there. __38__ This was the first hostel(宿舍)． Today, young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostel and get to know each other.When young people arrive at the hostel, they only have to show their cards of membership in a hostel organization in their own country. __39__ Often, at the evening meal, a group of boys and girls from various parts of the country or world will happen to meet at the same hostel.They may put their meal together and prepare a dinner with many kinds of dishes. Sometimes a program will be organized after the meal with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period. __40__ For this reason，a few weeks spent “hostelling” can be just as useful part of one's education as classes in school. A．In 1970, a young German school master had an idea which changed this situation. B．People can stay in the hostel if they brought enough equipment with them. C．One can learn a lot about other places，just by meeting people from those places. D．As a result，a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby. E．For years, children in the industrial areas of Europe seldom left their cities to see the beauties of the countryside. F．More and more young people went to the hostel for summer holidays. G．This card will permit them to stay in a hostel all over the world at low prices. 答案：36－40 EADGC 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节：完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。 Mr. Hall was a rich businessman and lived in a big house beside a beautiful river. This river usually __41__ in winter, and one year it did this very early, __42__ by Christmas time it was covered with thin ice. One could walk __43__ it easily, and some __44__ people had even crossed it in motor-cars with chains on their __45__. The sight of the ice gave Mr. Hall a(n) __46__. He decided to have a Christmas party on the ice. He would have all the __47__ in his living room carried out onto the ice, and he would have pretty colored lights __48__ all around. So he sent out __49__ to all his friends, and on Christmas Day they all went __50__ to the ice. They were all in good __51__， and thought that it had been a wonderful idea to have a party __52__， surrounded by the beautiful __53__， but at the same time with armchairs, servants, good food and plenty of __54__. The party __55__ till late at night, and as the last guests said good-bye, Mr. Hall __56__ himself on a very successful party. He had drunk rather a lot during the night, so he did not __57__ early the next morning. In fact, it was nearly midday before he got up and looked out of the window. __58__ he saw there made him surprised. The ice had __59__ during the night or in the early morning and had carried all his living room furniture and colored lights out to __60__ with it! 41．A. rose B. stopped C. ran faster D. froze over 42．A. because B. at last C. for example D. so that 43．A. through B. across C. beside D. cross 44．A. brave B. strong C. strange D. poor 45．A. feet B. legs C. wheels D. bikes 46．A. blow B. idea C. opportunity D. feeling 47．A. savings B. furniture C. lights D. food 48．A. hung B. joined C. hanged D. shined 49．A. letters B. telegrams C. messages D. invitations 50．A. away B. up C. over D. down 51．A. cars B. spirits C. health D. minds 52．A. on the ice B. in the house C. near the river D. in the motorcars 53．A. factories B. farms C. gardens D. scenery 54．A. trees B. dancers C. drinks D. water 55．A. began B. ended up C. went on D. dismissed 56．A. congratulated B. praised C. declared D. depended 57．A. raise B. sleep C. rise up D. wake up 58．A. What B. That C. When D. Where 59．A. frozen over B. become thinner C. turned D. broken up 60．A. place B. his house C. sea D. the shop 答案与解析： 41．解析：froze 为 freeze 的过去式，freeze over 意为“结冰”。 答案：D 42．解析：有一年结冰非常早，结果到圣诞节前的时候，就结有薄冰了，so that 表结果。 答案：D 43．解析：在表面穿过用 across，cross 是动词。 答案：B 44．解析：一些勇敢的人甚至开车穿过。 答案：A 45．解析：with chains on their wheels，介词 with 的复合结构。轮子上挂上链子。 答案：C 46．解析：冰的美景让 Mr. Hall 有个好的主意。 答案：B 47．解析：他要把客厅里所有的家具都搬到冰上去。 答案：B 48．解析：have lights hung 为“have＋sth.＋宾补”结构，hung 为 hang 的过去分词，表 示“挂”，而 hanged 是“上吊”的意思。 答案：A 49．解析：send out invitations 意为“发出邀请帖”。 答案：D 50．解析：go down to the ice 意为“下去到冰上”。 答案：D 51．解析：in good spirits 意为“精神好，情绪高昂”。 答案：B 52．解析：在冰上举办聚会。 答案：A 53．解析：被美丽的景色所包围。 答案：D 54．解析：有食物和饮料，这是办聚会必不可少的。 答案：C 55．解析：go on 意为“持续，继续”；晚会持续到很晚。 答案：C 56．解析：congratulate 意为“祝贺”，congratulate sb. on sth.“祝贺某人某事”； praise 意为“赞扬”； declare 意为“声称”； depend 意为“依靠”。 答案：A 57．解析：晚上饮酒太多，结果第二天一早没有醒来。 答案：D 58．解析：what 既引导 made 前的主语从句，同时作从句中的宾语。 答案：A 59．解析：能把他的家具和彩灯带到远处的可能只有一个就是冰融化了。break up 在此 处意为“破裂”。 答案：D 60．解析：所有的东西漂向海洋。 答案：C 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Linda: Oh, Henry. I 61.________ (see) you for ages. Come in. Let me take your coat. How are you getting 62.________？ Henry: Very well, thank you. Linda: Please take 63.________ seat. Everything will be ready in a minute. Henry: Can you bring me a glass of orange juice, please? I am quite 64.________ (thirst)． Linda: Here you are. (at the table) Linda: Here you go. We have your cocktail and there's salad, fried chicken, French fries and vanilla ice cream for dessert. Eat the chicken 65.________ it's hot. It 66.________ (taste) better. Henry : Wow! You're right. Everything is 67.________ ( absolute) delicious. Please pass me the pepper. Linda: Here 68.________ are. Taste the French fries. Henry : They're soft. Linda: Would you like some 69.________？ Henry: No more. Thank you. Linda: Here's 70.________ our friendship and health! Henry: Bottoms up! 答案与解析： 本对话为两位久别重逢的朋友见面时的对话。 61．解析：考查时态。根据语境可知，此处表示“我多年未见到你了”，故用现在完成 时的否定形式。 答案：haven't seen 62．解析：考查固定表达。根据语境可知，此处表示“你最近过得怎么样？”，应使用 How are you getting along/on? 答案：along/on 63．解析：考查固定搭配。take a seat 为固定短语，意为“就座”。 答案：a 64．解析：考查词形变化。作表语应用形容词形式。 答案：thirsty 65．解析：考查时间状语从句连接词。句意为：趁鸡肉热着的时候吃。故用连词 while 或 when。 答案：while/when 66．解析：考查时态和感观动词。taste 为表示感官的词，其主动形式表示被动含义； 根据主谓一致原则，此处应使用单数形式。 答案：tastes 67．解析：考查副词。修饰形容词应使用副词。 答案：absolutely 68．解析：考查固定表达。Here you are.意为“给你”。 答案：you 69．解析：考查联系上下文的能力。由下文可知，此处表示“你还想再来点儿吗？”。 答案：more 70．解析：考查固定表达。Here's to our friendship and health！意为“为我们的友谊和健 康(干杯)！” 答案：to 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节：短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词； 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 Dear Jim， I am so exciting that you will come to China. I will free from December 18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you. I'll meet you at the airport and then you will take Bus No. 8 for my home. You worry about the weather here in your email. In fact, the weather here is quite different from it in your city. It isn't very cold, but you needn't bring many clothes with you. During your stay here, I'll take you to some places of interests and you can taste some local snacks. I am sure we will have greatly fun together. Looking forward to meeting you soon. Yours， Li Hua 答案： Dear Jim， I am so excitingexcited that you will come to China. I will ∧ be free from December 18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you. I'll meet you at the airport and then youwe will take Bus No. 8 forto my home. You worryworried about the weather here in your email. In fact, the weather here is quite different from itthat in your city. It isn't very cold, butso/and you needn't bring many clothes with you. During your stay here, I'll take you to some places of interestsinterest and you can taste some local snacks. I am sure we will have greatlygreat fun together. Looking forward to meeting you soon. Yours， Li Hua 第二节：书面表达(满分 25 分) 假如你叫张华，你的朋友 Jenny 来信向你询问如何保持健康。请你给她发一封 e－mail 提些建议。内容要点如下： 1．注意合理饮食； 2．保证充足睡眠； 3．坚持锻炼身体，多参加体育运动。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2．可适当增添细节，以使行文连贯； 3．邮件的开头结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Jenny， How nice to hear from you! In your letter you asked me how to keep healthy. I would like to give you some advice.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 范文： Dear_Jenny， How_nice_to_hear_from_you!_In_your_letter_you_asked_me_how_to_keep_healthy.I_woul d_like_to_give_you_some_advice. As you know, food is very important to us teenagers. Since we grow very fast, we need nutritious food very much, such as fresh vegetables and fruits, fish and meat and so on. But I think you'd better not eat food with much sugar and fat. And you should get plenty of sleep.It is necessary for you to have at least eight hours of sleep every day.Also，you should take physical exercise regularly.It will be good for your health.Only in this way can you keep fit. Best wishes! Yours， Zhang Hua