高考英语大二轮复习专题强化练三 12页

专题强化练三 A Fikiri Kiponda's path from account to marine (海洋的) conservationist was sparked by a chance encounter.‎ After securing his dream job，Kiponda decided he wanted more.He wasn't quite sure what he was looking for until he ran across some turtle hatchlings.‎ He didn't know it was turtle.Fortunate enough he got the right person to ask and he got motivated.That person was Nkindi，a staff member at the Watamu Conservation Project，who later invited him to volunteer on the project.He later left his accounting job and fully devoted himself into the world of sea turtles.Now，he runs and spends his time nursing critically endangered sea turtles back to health.‎ Sea turtles have been around for nearly 110 million years and are now considered highly endangered.Their preservation rests on activities of conservationists such as Kiponda as these turtles face numerous threats and signs of their extinction in the next 50 years.‎ Local fishermen traditionally catch them to supplement their own low catch rates and sell them for their oil.As changes are made to accommodate more hotels for tourists，there is less available beach land for turtle nesting.‎ Kiponda's passion has now spread to his community，changing their attitude toward sea life preservation with his“by－catch release programme”．‎ Through this programme，fishermen are now paid for returning turtles accidentally caught in their fishing nets.The healthy ones are ‎ tagged and released into the marine park while he takes care of sick and injured turtles back to health.‎ Before the launch of pioneering spirit like this，turtles caught by fishermen were used for their meat and their oil extracted(提炼) for its medicinal properties.‎ ‎“Releasing the turtle back into the ocean is a very good feeling，like，you feel like you've done something concrete and I guess everybody would love to do that...so I guess it's unique work.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　身为会计师的Fikiri Kiponda，在一次偶然的机会中认识了一种濒临灭绝的海龟，决定投身于保护这种海洋生物的事业中，他的这种精神值得我们每一个人学习。‎ ‎1．What may be the main threat to the turtles?‎ A．The rising sea level.‎ B．Being caught by tourists.‎ C．Overdevelopment of the tourism.‎ D．The reduction in their nesting place.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句“As changes are made to accommodate more hotels for tourists，there is less available beach land for turtle nesting.”可知，海龟受到的主要威胁是筑巢地的减少。‎ 答案：D ‎2．Which of the following words can best describe Fikiri Kiponda?‎ A．Energetic but conservative.‎ B．Enthusiastic and caring.‎ C．Arbitrary but considerate.‎ D．Ambitious and knowledgeable.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据上下文可知，Fikiri Kiponda放弃自己原有的工作，热情投身于保护海龟的事业中，由此可推测，他是一个富有热情且有爱心的人。‎ 答案：B ‎3．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．The Man Saving Endangered Sea Turtles B．An Unique Job of Protecting Sea Turtles C．A Pioneer Project Protecting Sea Animals D．The Current Situation Faced by Sea Turtles 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要记叙了Fikiri Kiponda保护海洋濒危动物——海龟的故事。故A项作为文章标题最为恰当。‎ 答案：A B Comic Con，short for“comic convention”，is an event where fans gather to share and celebrate their love for comic－related pop culture.The first comic book conventions were held in the USA in the 1960s and since then they have become extremely popular all over the world，with some of the bigger events drawing crowds of over 100，000 people and lasting several days.Nowadays there is much more than just comic books on show at a comic con.The most popular events have expanded to include many other types of media and art forms，for example cartoons，sci－fi，video games and TV series.‎ One of the highlights of a comic con for many fans is the ability to interact(互动) with celebrities of the industry as many artists，writers，actors and directors will appear as special guests.These special guests sign autographs (亲笔签名)，pose for photos with fans ‎ and hold question and answer sessions.Sometimes the fans will queue for several hours to meet these special guests!‎ Of course there is a lot of goods on sale at a comic con.From comic books to posters and T－shirts to toys，the options are endless but there is one thing in particular that sets comic cons apart from ordinary trade fairs and that is cosplay.Cosplay is the name given to dressing up as your favourite characters from comics，TV and other types represented at comic cons and it has become common for many fans at comic cons to do this.Many people make their own costumes and some of them are very elegant.Cosplaying has become an important part of comic cons all over the world and there are even competitions for the best cosplay!‎ Going to a comic con is like stepping into another world full of superheroes，time travellers，monsters and robots—you can really find them all at a comic－con! It is a great place to be your favourite character for a day and share your love of all comic－related things with other like－minded people.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了国际动漫展的历史、现状和内容等。‎ ‎4．What do we know about Comic Con?‎ A．It has quite a long history.‎ B．It is a popular American art festival.‎ C．It was designed to attract foreign travellers.‎ D．It was a comic book show at the beginning.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The first comic book conventions were held in the USA in the 1960s”“Nowadays there is much more than just comic books on show at a comic con”可知，‎ 第一届漫画书展于20世纪60年代在美国举行，但是现在国际动漫展不止有漫画书展。由此可知，国际动漫展是以漫画书展作为开始的，故选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎【干扰项分析】　根据文中的“The first comic book conventions were held in the USA in the 1960s”可知，漫画书展的历史并不悠久，故排除A；根据第一段第一句可知，国际动漫展是一项活动，而非节日，且向所有人开放，故B、C两项错误。‎ ‎5．Which of the following is a way of interaction between fans and celebrities?‎ A．Holding a party.‎ B．Discussing photography.‎ C．Exchanging autographs.‎ D．Asking and answering questions.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These special guests sign autographs(亲笔签名)，pose for photos with fans and hold question and answer sessions”可知，这些特邀嘉宾会为粉丝签名、和粉丝合影、回答粉丝的问题。故D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎6．Which of the fans' activities makes a comic con so different?‎ A．Buying a lot of goods.‎ B．Meeting famous people.‎ C．Dressing themselves as characters.‎ D．Making their own costumes.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“but there is one thing...that is cosplay.Cosplay is the name given to dressing up as your favourite ‎ characters from comics”可知，cosplay使得国际动漫展不同于普通的交易会，因为人们可以把自己打扮成他们最喜欢的人物。故C项正确。‎ 答案：C ‎7．What does the text mainly talk about?‎ A．Recommending a trip to a comic con.‎ B．Giving an introduction of Comic Con.‎ C．Explaining why Comic Con is so popular.‎ D．Describing the author's experience at a comic con.‎ 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文向我们介绍了国际动漫展的发展历史、现状及活动内容等方面。故B项正确。‎ 答案：B ‎【难句分析】　From comic books to posters and T－shirts to toys，the options are endless but there is one thing in particular that sets comic cons apart from ordinary trade fairs and that is cosplay.‎ 分析：本句为一个复合句。第一个that引导定语从句，先行词为one thing；第二个that为代词，在句中作主语。‎ 译文：从漫画书到海报，从T恤到玩具，(可供)选择(的范围)广泛。但尤其有一件事情使国际动漫展区别于普通的交易会，那就是cosplay。‎ C Are you content with the shape of your nose? If not，the climate may be to blame，not your parents.‎ This is according to a recent study carried out by scientists from Pennsylvania State University，US.They found that climate played a key role in shaping our noses.The findings were based on an ‎ examination of the size and shape of noses of 476 people from four regions—West Africa，East Asia，South Asia and Northern Europe，using 3－D facial imaging technology.‎ ‎“People have thought for a long time the difference in nose shape among humans across the world may have arisen as a result of natural selection because of climate，”Arslan Zaidi，one of the lead authors of the study，told The Guardian.But while previous studies were based on measurements from human skulls，Zaidi and his team looked at nose shape itself.‎ The result showed that wider noses are more common in warm and humid climate，while narrower noses are more common in cold and dry climate.That，Zaidi said，could be because narrower nasal passages help to increase the moisture (潮湿) content of air and warm it，which is easier on our lungs.This，in turn，led to a gradual decrease in nose width in populations living far away from the equator.‎ More studies are still needed to test the link between climate and nose shape，but Zaidi believes the current findings are valuable in understanding potential health issues.“As we become more of a global community，we are going to come across climate that we do not adapt to，”he told The Guardian.This means moving to a very different climate might increase the risk of breathing problems.‎ However，he added，“This may not be necessarily true for various reasons such as of modern medicine and the fact that our current climate is very different from what it used to be.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。研究表明人的鼻子的形状不是由父母决定的，而是由生活的气候塑造的。‎ ‎8．From the passage we know most people from Singapore have________noses.‎ A．wider　　　　　　　 B．narrower C．smaller D．larger 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The result showed that wider noses are more common in warm and humid climate，while narrower noses are more common in cold and dry climate”可知居住在温暖潮湿环境中的人的鼻子普遍更宽，而居住在寒冷干燥环境中的人的鼻子普遍更窄，又因新加坡在温暖湿润地区，故大部分新加坡人有着较宽的鼻子。‎ 答案：A ‎9．Narrower noses are helpful to ________．‎ A．cool the air B．warm the air C．take in more oxygen D．dry the air 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“That，Zaidi said，could be because narrower nasal passages help to increase the moisture(潮湿)content of air and warm it，which is easier on our lungs”可知狭窄的鼻孔能温暖进入鼻孔的空气。‎ 答案：B ‎10．What can be learned about the study?‎ A．Zaidi's team measured human skulls using 3－D technology.‎ B．The shape of our noses is determined by our parents.‎ C．Nose shape helps people adapt to the environment.‎ D．It's certain that people will suffer from more breathing problems.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后两句“That，Zaidi ‎ said，could be because narrower nasal passages...to a gradual decrease in nose width in populations living far away from the equator”可知鼻子的形状会慢慢改变来适应气候，故C正确。‎ 答案：C ‎11．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?‎ A．What factors shape noses?‎ B．How to make your nose attractive?‎ C．Nose shape causes breathing problems D．Climate shapes noses 解析：主旨大意题。根据全文，特别是从第一、第二段的研究结果“the climate may be to blame，not your parents”“They found that climate played a key role in shaping our noses”可知D项最恰当，即气候塑造鼻子的形状。‎ 答案：D ‎【难句分析】　The result showed that wider noses are more common in warm and humid climate，while narrower noses are more common in cold and dry climate.‎ 分析：本句包含that引导的宾语从句；while连接两个并列句子，前后表示转折，意为“然而”。‎ 译文：结果表明(居住)在温暖潮湿气候环境中的(人)鼻子普遍更宽，然而(居住)在寒冷干燥环境中的(人)鼻子普遍更窄。‎ 唐宋或更早之前，针对“经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目，其相应传授者称为“博士”，这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者，又称“讲师”。“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。前者始于宋，乃“宗学”“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者；而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了，主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问，其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席，也是当朝打眼的学官。至明清两代，只设国子监（国子学）一科的“助教”，其身价不谓显赫，也称得上朝廷要员。至此，无论是“博士”“讲师”，还是“教授”“助教”，其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。D If you've ever been crazy about selling everything you own and limiting your possessions to the bare essentials(必需品)，you're probably familiar with minimalism(简约主义)．‎ ‎“Minimalism isn't about empty white rooms with hardly any ‎ furniture，”said Chris Wray，who writes a UK blog about minimalism.“It's about removing all the things that distract(使分心) us from what's important in our lives.”‎ For extreme minimalists，such as Andrew Hyde，who lives in Colorado in the US，it means owning only about 15 items.For others，it means getting rid of the__excess until you are left with essentials.‎ Here's how to get back to basics：‎ What it will take：mental fortitude (勇气)．Getting rid of your things requires commitment and it won't happen overnight.‎ You can start today by putting a box in every room.“When you come across something you haven't used in a long time or ever，throw it in，”said Rachel Jonat，who lives in the Isle of Man in the UK.‎ Do it now: think about the places in your life where you feel anxious or frustrated，said Cristin Frank，the US author of Living Simple，Free & Happy.“Too many decisions? Is your closet so crowded that things get lost or easily wrinkled？”Pinpoint those areas and deal with them first.Name－brand clothes and household goods in good condition are perfect for eBay—check recent sales of similar items to help you set a price.Once you've started selling your stuff and not buying new knick－knacks，repurpose the money you're saving.‎ ‎“My husband and I paid off our home in less than seven years with our minimalist lifestyle，”Frank said.“I was then able to quit my job and be a blogger and author full－time.”‎ Start small.You aren't going to be able to simplify your life in a day，or even a week.“If you are feeling anxious about change，try ‎ one thing for 30 days，starting with the easiest things to get rid of，”said Joshua Fields Millburn，a minimalist who lives in Montana.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何过“简约主义”的生活。‎ ‎12．What do we know about Andrew Hyde? ‎ A．He knows little about minimalism.‎ B．He doesn't enjoy minimalism.‎ C．He can't continue with minimalism.‎ D．He takes minimalism to the extreme.‎ 解析：推理判断题。从文章的第三段可知，Andrew Hyde是一个极端的简约主义者，他的生活中只有大约十五件用品，由此可推知他把“简约主义”极端化了。‎ 答案：D ‎13．The underlined words“the excess”in Paragraph 3 probably mean________．‎ A．expensive things B．unnecessary things C．old things D．used things 解析：词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句的语境可知，“the excess”后面表示的是留下必需品，则其前表示的应该是扔掉多余的东西，根据所给选项可知，画线词的意思与B项更相近。‎ 答案：B ‎14．People choose a minimalist lifestyle probably to________．‎ A．focus on what is important in life B．save money C．help protect the environment D．get away from a busy life 解析：推理判断题。分析文章的第二段可知，简约主义就是抛弃生活中的赘物，不让它们干扰我们对重要事物的注意，由此可推知选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎15．What is the text mainly about?‎ 一般说来，“教师”概念之形成经历了十分漫长的历史。杨士勋（唐初学者，四门博士）《春秋谷梁传疏》曰：“师者教人以不及，故谓师为师资也”。这儿的“师资”，其实就是先秦而后历代对教师的别称之一。《韩非子》也有云：“今有不才之子……师长教之弗为变”其“师长”当然也指教师。这儿的“师资”和“师长”可称为“教师”概念的雏形，但仍说不上是名副其实的“教师”，因为“教师”必须要有明确的传授知识的对象和本身明确的职责。A．What minimalism means.‎ B．Advantages and disadvantages of minimalism.‎ ‎“教书先生”恐怕是市井百姓最为熟悉的一种称呼，从最初的门馆、私塾到晚清的学堂，“教书先生”那一行当怎么说也算是让国人景仰甚或敬畏的一种社会职业。只是更早的“先生”概念并非源于教书，最初出现的“先生”一词也并非有传授知识那般的含义。《孟子》中的“先生何为出此言也？”；《论语》中的“有酒食，先生馔”；《国策》中的“先生坐，何至于此？”等等，均指“先生”为父兄或有学问、有德行的长辈。其实《国策》中本身就有“先生长者，有德之称”的说法。可见“先生”之原意非真正的“教师”之意，倒是与当今“先生”的称呼更接近。看来，“先生”之本源含义在于礼貌和尊称，并非具学问者的专称。称“老师”为“先生”的记载，首见于《礼记?曲礼》，有“从于先生，不越礼而与人言”，其中之“先生”意为“年长、资深之传授知识者”，与教师、老师之意基本一致。C．Different attitudes towards minimalism.‎ D．How to have a minimalist lifestyle.‎ 宋以后，京师所设小学馆和武学堂中的教师称谓皆称之为“教谕”。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习”。到清末，学堂兴起，各科教师仍沿用“教习”一称。其实“教谕”在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者则谓“教授”和“学正”。“教授”“学正”和“教谕”的副手一律称“训导”。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校”或“学”中传授经学者也称为“经师”。在一些特定的讲学场合，比如书院、皇室，也称教师为“院长、西席、讲席”等。解析：主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，文章的前三段用以引出文章的话题，剩余部分介绍了如何过“简约主义”的生活。故选D。‎ 答案：D