【英语】2018届一轮复习人教版必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection学案(6) 4页

Section Ⅳ　Grammar & Writing ‎ ‎ 现在进行时的被动语态 ‎ ‎ 阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法 ‎1．We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.‎ ‎2．Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.‎ ‎3．I wonder what is being done to help you.‎ ‎4．So good things are being done here to save local wildlife.‎ ‎ ‎ 一、现在进行时的被动语态的结构 肯定句 be(am/is/are)＋being done 否定句 be(am/is/are)＋not＋being done 一般疑问句 be(am/is/are)＋主语＋being done 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋be(am/is/are)＋主语＋being done 二、现在进行时的被动语态的用法 ‎1．表示此刻正被进行的动作。‎ A new film is being shown in the theatre.Let's go to see it.‎ 电影院里正在放映新电影呢，咱们去看吧。‎ ‎2．表示现阶段正被进行的动作。‎ A modern school is being built in my hometown.‎ 在我的家乡正在建一所现代化的学校。‎ ‎3．表示一种经常性的被动行为，常和always，constantly, frequently等表示频率的副词连用，这种用法常常带有说话者的赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。‎ I feel very puzzled that the goods in our shop are always being stolen.‎ 我感到很迷惑，我们商店的商品老是被偷。‎ ‎4．表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作。‎ A party is being held tonight.‎ 今晚将要举行一场晚会。‎ 三、使用现在进行时的被动语态应注意的问题 ‎1．在现在进行时的被动语态中be为第一助动词，being为第二助动词，缺一不可，且位置不可互换。此结构若缺少being, 则就成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。试比较：‎ The report is being written by one of the best students.‎ 报告正在由一名最好的学生写着。‎ The report is well written.‎ 这个报告写得很好。(系表结构)‎ ‎2．take care of，look after，talk about，think of等动词短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。‎ Look！The children are being taken care of by their aunt.‎ 瞧！那些孩子正由他们的姨妈照看着。‎ ‎3．非延续性动词、表示存在意义、所属关系、静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。‎ It's wellknown that the Diaoyu Islands belong to China.‎ 众所周知，钓鱼岛属于中国。‎ ‎4．“be(am/is/are)＋under/in＋n.”有时可相当于现在进行时的被动语态。‎ The bridge is in use.‎ ‎＝The bridge is being used.‎ 这座桥正在使用。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Your experiment report (type)now and it will be finished soon.‎ ‎2. Many interesting experiments (do) these days. ‎ ‎【导学号：30534021】‎ ‎3．I (treat) at the hospital now, so I cannot go to the cinema at present.‎ ‎4. I'm sorry, sir. Your recorder isn't ready yet. It (repair) in the factory.‎ ‎5. Much progress (make) in science and technology in China.‎ ‎【答案】　1.is being typed　2.are being done ‎3．am being treated　4.is being repaired ‎5．is being made Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1. They are writing a report about the negative effects of cellphones in school.(改为被动语态)‎ ‎→A report about the negative effects of cellphones in school by them.‎ ‎2．Their future is being talked about by the man.(变为主动语态)‎ ‎→The man their future.‎ ‎3．The manager is punishing the worker for his fault.(变为被动语态)‎ ‎→The worker for his fault by the manager.‎ ‎4．The library building is being constructed in our school.(同义句替换)‎ ‎→The library building in our school.‎ ‎5．This computer is being used.(同义句替换)‎ ‎→This computer ．‎ ‎【答案】　1.is being written　2.is talking about ‎3．is being punished　4.is under construction　5.is in use ‎ ‎ 应用文写作——建议信 ‎ ‎ ‎1．概念：建议信的目的是向有关组织或个人提出建议，而且这种建议带有劝说性。此类信通常向对方传达对某事物的关心和针对某事物的不足之处提出改进的建议和措施。‎ ‎2．内容安排：建议信的写作格式一般由称呼、正文、结尾、落款四部分构成。‎ ‎(1)称呼。称呼要求注明对方的名称或姓名，而且要在其后加逗号。‎ ‎(2)正文。正文由以下三部分构成：‎ 第一，首先阐明提出建议的原因、理由以及自己的目的、想法。这样往往可以让对方从实际出发，考虑你建议的合理性，为采纳你的建议打下基础。‎ 第二，分条列出建议的内容，这样可以做到醒目，并且建议要具体明白、切实可行。‎ 第三，希望自己的建议被采纳，但同时也应礼貌虚心，不说过头的话，不用命令的口气。‎ ‎(3)结尾。结尾一般是表示敬意或祝福的话。‎ ‎(4)落款。落款要署上提建议的单位或个人的姓名。‎ ‎[亮点句式]‎ 一、建议信开头常用句式：‎ ‎1. I am sorry to know that...‎ ‎2. I am very glad to hear that you want to...‎ ‎3. I know you have trouble in...‎ ‎4. I am writing to you for the purpose of...‎ ‎5. In my personal opinion, it would be wise of you to take the following action.‎ 二、建议信主体段落常用句式，给出建议：‎ ‎1．first, firstly, secondly... then, after that, in the end, finally, meanwhile...‎ ‎2．I think it would be more beneficial if you could...‎ 三、建议信结尾常用句式：‎ ‎1．I believe you will take my advice into account.‎ ‎2．I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions practical/useful/helpful.‎ ‎3．I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[写作任务]‎ 假如你是李华，请根据下表内容给中国野生动物保护协会CWCA(China Wildlife Conservation Association)的会长写一封80词左右的建议信。‎ 问题 1990年藏羚羊的数量大约为100万只，现在只剩不到30万只，数量急剧减少 建议 利用贵协会的影响力加大对藏羚羊保护的宣传(publicize)力增度；‎ 加用于藏羚羊保护的资金；‎ 建议贵协会派出一些志愿者来协助保护藏羚羊。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[审题谋篇]　‎ 体裁 建议信 话题 保护藏羚羊 时态 一般现在时 人称 第三人称 ‎[遣词造句]　‎ Ⅰ.词汇 ‎1．protect 保护 ‎2．the number of... ……的数量 ‎3．take measures 采取措施 ‎4．provide...for... 向……提供……‎ Ⅱ.句式 ‎1．There were about 1，000，000 Tibetan antelopes in 1990.The number of the Tibetan antelopes is decreasing rapidly to less than 300，000 at present.(合并为一个简单句)‎ The number of the Tibetan antelopes is decreasing rapidly from about 1，000，000 in 1990 to less than 300，000 at present.‎ ‎2．We must take immediate measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes.(用被动语态改写句子)‎ Immediate measures must be taken to protect the Tibetan antelopes.‎ ‎[妙笔成篇]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear President，‎ I'm writing to give some suggestions to further protect the Tibetan antelopes.The number of the Tibetan antelopes is decreasing rapidly from about 1，000，000 in 1990 to less than 300，000 at present.‎ Immediate measures must be taken to protect the Tibetan antelopes. First, the importance of protecting Tibetan antelopes should be publicized through your association. Second, would you provide more money for the conservation of the Tibetan antelopes? Last but not least, I suggest that some volunteers be sent there to help protect the Tibetan antelopes.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua　‎