2019届一轮总复习外研版高三英语课时跟踪训练16 12页

课时跟踪训练(十六)‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的正确形式填空 ‎1．Xian is an __________ (内陆的) city, whose scenery is very beautiful.‎ ‎[答案]　inland ‎2．I'm used to watching weather __________ (预报) on TV every night.‎ ‎[答案]　forecast ‎3．It was a __________ (恐怖的) scene, which made the boy crying all the time.‎ ‎[答案]　scary ‎4．The shuttle Columbia will reenter Earth's __________ (大气层) tomorrow morning.‎ ‎[答案]　atmosphere ‎5．The aim would be to __________ (循环) 98 percent of domestic waste.‎ ‎[答案]　recycle ‎6．The man __________ (complaint) about the food quality.‎ ‎[答案]　complained ‎7．You are __________ (absolute) mistaken. On the contrary, you have done a good job.‎ ‎[答案]　absolutely ‎8．Any __________ (city) should obey the law.‎ ‎[答案]　citizen ‎9．Our parents are __________ (concern) about our safety when we ‎ leave home.‎ ‎[答案]　concerned ‎10．The __________ (majority) students come from the countryside.‎ ‎[答案]　major Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．The goods have been received, but we have to make a complain about packing though we regret to do so.____________‎ ‎[答案]　complain→complaint ‎2．When the fire broke out in the ship, Sally was frightening out of her wits.____________‎ ‎[答案]　frightening→frightened ‎3．Last year I went to Beijing, where I got caught on traffic jam one night.____________‎ ‎[答案]　on→in ‎4．Here are some tall trees, and villagers are going to cut down for building materials.____________‎ ‎[答案]　cut后加them ‎5．She won't show any evidence unless being asked to.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉being ‎6．There are such many people there that we couldn't get through.____________‎ ‎[答案]　such→so Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught ‎ in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.‎ Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.‎ The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major food sources (来源) for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park's red foxes, and completely drove away the park's beavers.‎ As early as 1966，biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park.They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems.Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.‎ The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The US Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone.Today，the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone.Elk，deer，and coyote populations are down，while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback.The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 本文介绍了以前灰狼遍地的黄石国家公园，由于人为的原因灰狼逐渐消失，从而造成了一系列不良后果，破坏了当地生态的平衡，为了维持生态平衡，现在人们又鼓励重新引入灰狼。‎ ‎1．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．Wildlife research in the United States.‎ B．Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.‎ C．The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.‎ D．The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.‎ ‎[解析]　主旨大意题。本文的主旨在第一段，讲述为了维持生态平衡，灰狼被重新引入黄石国家公园。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎2．What does the underlined word “displaced” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Tested. B．Separated.‎ C．Forced out. D．Tracked down.‎ ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。画线词所在的前半句句意为“以前到处可以见到灰狼”，后面提到“灰狼实际上已经消失了”，故可推知displace意为“迫使……离开家园”。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about?‎ A．Damage to local ecology.‎ B．A decline in the park's income.‎ C．Preservation of vegetation.‎ D．An increase in the variety of animals.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知，赶走灰狼造成的结果是其它小动物快速繁殖，从而造成植被破坏，导致了当地生态受损。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎4．What is the author's attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project?‎ A．Doubtful. B．Positive.‎ C．Disapproving. D．Uncaring.‎ ‎[解析]　观点态度题。根据文章最后一句中的关键词valuable不难看出作者对引入灰狼这件事持积极的态度，故选B项。‎ ‎[答案]　B Ⅳ.完形填空 ‎(2017·高考命题专家原创卷三)A marine biologist placed a shark into a large holding tank and then released several small bait fish into the tank. The result met your ____1____， the shark quickly swam across the tank, attacked and ate the smaller fish.‎ The biologist then ____2____ a strong piece of fiberglass into the tank, creating two ____3____ parts. She then put the shark on one side of the ____4____ fiberglass and a new set of bait fish on the other. ____5____， the shark quickly attacked. But this time, the shark ____6____ because it knocked hard against the fiberglass ____7____. Determined, the shark kept ____8____ this behavior every few minutes, but ____9____. Meanwhile, the bait fish swam around ____10____ in the second part. Eventually, the shark ____11____ hope of hunting. This experiment was carried out several times. Each time, the shark got less ____12____ and made fewer attempts to attack the fish, until it ____13____ hitting the fiberglass and simply stopped attacking. The biologist then ____14____ the fiberglass, but the shark didn't attack. The shark was trained to believe a ____15____ existed between it and the bait fish, ____16____ the bait fish could swim wherever they wished, free from harm.‎ Many of us, after experiencing setbacks and failures, ____17____ give up and stop trying. Like the shark in the story, we believe that ____18____ we were unsuccessful in the past, we will always be unsuccessful. ____19____， even when no “real” obstacle exists between where we are and where we want to go, we ____20____ see obstacles in our heads.‎ 语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。一位海洋生物学家做了一个小实验，作者由这个实验发出感慨：我们中的许多人经历过挫折和失败后，就从情感上放弃尝试。‎ ‎1．A.demands B．expectations C．schedules D．requirements ‎[解析]　实验结果在你的预料(expectations)之中。demand“要求，需要”；schedule“工作计划，日程安排”；requirement“要求，必要条件”。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎2．A.changed B．added C．inserted D．crashed ‎[解析]　然后这位生物学家把一块坚固的玻璃纤维插入(inserted)这个水箱里，制造出两个分开的部分。add“添加”，常与介词to搭配使用。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．A.separate B．opposite C．connected D．relevant ‎[解析]　参见上题解析。separate“分开的”；opposite“对面的，迥然不同的”；connected“相连的”；relevant“紧密相关的”。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎4．A.delicate B．hidden C．transparent D．flexible ‎[解析]　根据语境可知，这边的鲨鱼可以看到对面的用作诱饵的鱼，因此生物学家插入水箱的玻璃纤维是透明的(transparent)。delicate“易碎的”；hidden“隐藏的”；flexible“可弯曲的，有弹性的”。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎5．A.Yet B．Meanwhile C．Instead D．Again ‎[解析]　根据第一段中的“attacked”可知，此处应表示再一次(Again)，鲨鱼快速对用作诱饵的鱼发起了攻击。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎6．A.bounced B．paused C．withdrew D．leapt ‎[解析]　但是这一次，鲨鱼被弹了起来，因为它重重地撞上了玻璃纤维分隔板。bounce“(使)弹起，弹跳”，符合语境。pause“停顿”；withdraw“撤回，撤离”；leap“跳跃”。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎7．A.trapper B．catcher C．tester D．divider ‎[解析]　参见上题解析。divider“分隔物，分开物”，符合语境。trapper“捕杀动物者”；catcher“捕捉器，接球手”；tester“测试员，测试器，试用品”。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎8．A.accomplishing B．repeating C．copying D．strengthening ‎[解析]　根据上文中的“Determined”和下文中的“This experiment was carried out several times. Each time, the shark got less ____12____ and made fewer attempts to attack the fish”可知，一开始，鲨鱼不断重复(repeating)这一行为。accomplish“完成”；copy“复制，模仿”；strengthen“加强”。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎9．A.in order B．in vain C．in secret D．in pain ‎[解析]　尽管鲨鱼不断重复这一行为，但都是白费力气。in vain“徒劳，白费力气”，符合语境。in order“井然有序，适当”；in secret“秘密地，暗中”；in pain“痛苦地”。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎10．A.unaccustomed B．unchallenged C．unharmed D．unnoticed ‎[解析]　上文提到鲨鱼攻击用作诱饵的鱼的企图都失败了，因此，此处表示“用作诱饵的鱼毫发无伤地四处游动”。本段最后一句“the bait fish could swim wherever they wished, free from harm”也是提示。unaccustomed“不习惯，不适应”；unchallenged“未受到过质疑的，未受到过挑战的”；unnoticed“未被注意到的”。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎11．A.divorced B．declined C．raised D．abandoned ‎[解析]　最终，鲨放弃了(abandoned)捕猎到用作诱饵的鱼的希望。divorce“使脱离”；decline“拒绝”；raise“提高”。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎12．A.blind B．aggressive C．alert D．arbitrary ‎[解析]　每一次，鲨鱼的攻击性都会变得更弱一点。aggressive“侵略的，挑衅的”，符合语境。blind“盲目的”；alert“警觉的”；arbitary“任意的”。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎13．A.got occupied with B．got involved in C．got tired of D．got used to ‎[解析]　根据下文中的“and simply stopped attacking... but the shark didn't attack”可知，鲨鱼厌倦了(got tired of)撞击玻璃纤维。get occupied with“忙于”；get involved in“卷入”。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎14．A.readjusted B．restored C．replaced D．removed ‎[解析]　然后，生物学家移除了(removed)玻璃纤维，但是鲨鱼仍不攻击。readjust“再次调整”；restore“恢复”；replace“替换”。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎15．A.barrier B．distance C．gap D．distinction ‎[解析]　鲨鱼被训练得相信它和用作诱饵的鱼之间有障碍物(barrier)，因此(玻璃纤维被移除后)小鱼无所顾忌地四处游动，不受攻击。distance“距离”；gap“间隙”；distinction“区别”。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎16．A.so B．but C．as D．for ‎[解析]　参见上题解析。前后句之间是因果关系，前面是因，后面是果，故选择连词so。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎17．A.readily B．intentionally C．emotionally D．physically ‎[解析]　我们中的许多人，在经历挫折和失败后，会从情感上(emotionally)选择放弃，并停止尝试。readily“快捷地，轻而易举地”；intentionally“有意地”；physically“身体上地”。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎18．A.because B．though C．unless D．while ‎[解析]　好比这个故事中的鲨鱼，我们认为因为我们过去失败过，所以就永远不会成功。此处应用because引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎19．A.Above all B．In other words C．As a result D．In conclusion ‎[解析]　换句话说(In other words)，我们不断(constantly)在我们的脑中看到障碍，即使我们所在的位置和我们想要达到的位置之间并没有“真正的”障碍。above all“最重要的是”；as a result“结果”；in conclusion“总之”。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎20．A.abruptly B．constantly C．eventually D．occasionally ‎[解析]　参见上题解析。abruptly“突然”；eventually“最终”；occasionally“偶尔”。‎ ‎[答案]　B Ⅴ.短文改错 ‎(2017·宁夏石嘴山三中月考)As is often the case, when people are attending to meetings, having meals or waiting for buses, you can always find them attending to their phones, completely ignoring others.‎ This is a really commonly phenomenon in our life. The reason is why smart phones nowadays can be used for people to play mobile games and kept in touch with friends through QQ and WeChat. Therefore, too much exposure to phones are bad for people in terms of health. Moreover, people involved in phones fail to communicate well with these around them.‎ As far as I am concerned，people should wisely make use of their phones to help their work and study. Meanwhile, care much about their family and friends rather than mobile phones.‎ ‎[答案]　‎