广西藤县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮基础练习 9页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 广西藤县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮基础练习 【2015·新课标全国卷 I】阅读理解 A Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August.Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.They end around 21： 00. November_7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis.James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building.Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”． December_5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew. February_6th An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer.We will have a report on the present state of play. March_6th Eyots and AitsThames Islands, by Miranda Vickers.The Thames had many islands.Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.She will tell us about those of greatest interest. London Canal Museum 1213 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT Tel：020 77130836 【试题分析】 文章主要介绍了在伦敦运河博物馆每个月的讲座安排。内容包括讲座的时 间、做讲座的人以及讲座内容的简介。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 1. When is the talk on James Brindley? A．February 6th. B．March 6th. C．November 7th. D．December 5th. 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.”所对应的日期“November 7th”。故选 C。 答案：C 2. What is the topic of the talk in February? A．The Canal Pioneers. B．Ice for the Metropolis C．Eyots and AitsThames Islands D．An Update on the Cotsword Canals 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“February 6th”中的第一句“An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.” 可以得出答案。故选 D。 答案：D 3. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames. A．Miranda Vickers B．Malcolm Tucker C．Chris Lewis D．Liz Payne 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句“Eyots and AitsThames Islands, by Miranda Vickers.”可以知道做报告的人是 Mirands Vickers。故选 A。 答案：A [社会生活型阅读理解(一)]----- (二) Life is to be enjoyed. There's no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back that's even better. When people eat more healthfully, exercise, quit smoking, and manage stress better, they find that they feel so much better that it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living. The latest studies show that when you exercise and eat right： YOUR BRAIN receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, think 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 more clearly, have more energy, and need less sleep. Two studies showed that just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many new neurons (神经细胞) to grow that it actually increased the size of people's brains! YOUR FACE receives more blood flow, so your_skin_glows more and wrinkles less. You look younger and more attractive. In contrast, an unhealthy diet, chronic emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly. Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries (动脉) to narrow down, which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle earlier. This is why smokers look years older than they really are. YOUR GENES change. In May, a study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showing that changing your lifestyle changes your genes. YOUR TELOMERES ( 染 色 体 端 粒 ) get longer. Telomeres are the ends of our chromosomes (染色体) that control how long we live. As telomeres become shorter, then cells age more quickly, thus shortening our lives. Besides, one of the most interesting findings in the study was that the mothers' awareness of stress was more important than what was really occurring in their lives. The researchers gave the women a questionnaire and asked them to rate on a threepoint scale how stressed they felt each day, and how out of control their lives felt to them. The women who were aware that they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres compared with those who felt more relaxed. On the contrary, some of the women who felt relaxed despite raising a disabled child had more normalappearing telomeres. In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed; if you feel fine, you are fine. 1．Which of the following are good for lengthening one's life, according to the passage? ① eat healthy food ② drink plenty of water ③ take exercise ④ get up early ⑤ go to sleep early ⑥ release one's stress 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 A．①③⑥ B．①②③ C．①⑤⑥ D．③④⑥ 2．The underlined words “your skin glows” in Paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to “________”． A．your skin becomes white as there is plenty of sunshine B．your skin becomes smooth as there is much blood in it C．your skin looks pink as you are healthy D．your skin becomes soft as you exercise enough 3．In the author's opinion, when you exercise and eat right, you will experience some changes EXCEPT ________． A．brains becoming cleverer B．faces having fewer wrinkles C．arteries turning narrower D．genes being changed 4．From the last but one paragraph we learn that ________． A．mothers will have more damaged telomeres if they raise a disabled child B．mothers don't know how to handle stress effectively C．some women were asked to fill out a questionnaire about educating children D．mothers' positive attitudes are the key to managing their stress 5．The best title for the passage would be “________”． A．Eat better, live better B．Feel better, live longer C．Less stress, fewer diseases D．Smoke more, age sooner (二) 【要点综述】本文是一篇调查报告，讲述了生活方式对健康的重要性。 1．A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When people eat more healthfully，exercise， quit smoking，and manage stress better…”可知答案。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 2．C 词义猜测题。根据前文信息“YOUR FACE receives more blood flow…”可知， glow 在文中的意思为“脸色红润”。故选择 C 项。 3．C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries(动脉) to narrow down…”可知，尼古丁使动脉变窄。故 C 项错误。 4．D 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句话以及后面的调查结果可知，母亲们对 压力的态度对成功应付压力起着重要的作用。故 D 项正确。 5．B 主旨大意题。综合文章第二至五段可以看出，当心情好时，新的神经细胞不断生 长、动脉变宽、基因改变、染色体端粒变长，因此人的寿命也会相应地变长，所以选择 B， 其他选项都是片面的。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 About a third of all common cancers in the United States, China and Britain could be prevented each year if people ate healthier food, drank less alcohol and exercised more, health experts said on Friday. Reports from the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) suggest that making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers alone in Britain and the United States, as well as tens of thousands of stomach cancers. “Even in 2011, people are dying unnecessarily from cancers that could be prevented through keeping a healthy weight, diet, physical activity and other lifestyle factors,” said a WCRF medical and scientific adviser. WCRF findings are supported by World Health Organization (WHO) reports, which say regular exercise can prevent many diseases such as cancers and heart diseases. Cancer is a leading cause of death around the world and its incidence(发病率) is rising. Each year around 12.7 million people discover they have cancer and 7.6 million people die from some form of the disease. There are about 200 known types of cancer. Rachel Thompson, the WCRF’s head of science, said that while the message was simple — that not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help ward off many cancers — it was still a difficult one to get across. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 The WHO says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day. Peter Baldini, head of the World Lung Foundation, also called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes. Tobacco kills millions of smokers every year, and tobacco-related lung cancers also kill hundreds of thousands of people who don’t smoke but have been exposed to it second-hand. “There isn’t a magic bullet to cure all forms of cancer, but we have the opportunity and the duty to protect people from developing cancer wherever possible,” Baldini said. 63. Which of the following words can best take the place of the phrase “ward off” in the sixth paragraph? A. protect B. prevent C. develop D. cure 【答案】B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据 not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help 及 many cancers 可以推测是不吸烟，吃好的食物及有一个健康的体重有助于阻止 癌症的发生，故选 B。 64. Which of the following statements is Not true according to the text? A. Exercising and eating healthily can help to reduce cancer risk. B. Each year about 12.7 million people are diagnosed with cancer around the world. C. Every year millions of people die from smoking and lung cancers. D. Adults should walk for fifty minutes three times per week. 【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据 The WHO says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day.世界卫生组织建议一周五次一次 30 分钟的锻炼时间，故选 D。 65. Which of the following can be the best title of this text? A. Simple life changes could stop millions of cancers B. Cancer is a leading cause of death 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 C. Our bad lifestyle caused many diseases D. The incidence of common cancers is rising 【答案】A 【解析】标题归纳题。根据 making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers 及短文的内容可知要人们平时注意生活能够阻止癌症的发生，故选 A。 66. By writing the passage, the author mainly intends to ____. A. advise people to develop healthier lifestyle. B. warn people of the danger of cancers C. explain why many people die from cancers every year. D. introduce the ways to protect people from developing cancers 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据短文的内容可知主要建议人们发展健康的生活，故选 A。 67. We can infer from Peter Baldini’s opinion in the last two paragraphs that ____. A. all the lung cancers are linked to smoking B. there is no medicine to cure the cancers but it’s our duty to find one C. all governments should take measures to control smokers and protect people’s health D. it’s our opportunity and duty to persuade people to give up smoking 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据 called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes.建议政府要采取措施控制人们吸烟进而来保护人们的身体 健康，故选 C。 [社会生活型阅读理解(一)]----- (三) Online shoppers would rather receive an offer for a product or service than make their own offers according to a study led by a Michigan State University scholar that has implications for the fastgrowing ecommerce industry. The findings may come as a surprise that shopping online is an anonymous(匿名的)process that seemingly can give consumers more confidence to drive a hard bargain，said Don Conlon，professor 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 of Management in MSU's Broad College of Business. But the study found that participants who made their own offers were less successful in sealing the deal and，when they were successful, worried they overpaid. Many shoppers found the process of researching an offer to be a hassle. “Americans are very busy，and it's less timeconsuming to be the one receiving the offer rather than the one proposing the offer，” Conlon said. “People tend to be happier when they're in the receiver role. ” Online spending in the United States is expected to jump 45 percent in the next three years，from $ 226 billion this year to $ 327 billion in 2017，according to Forrester Research Inc. Nevertheless, researches into this prosperous market remain largely focused on the strategies of companies, rather than those shoppers. Conlon's study is，obviously, a rare exception. Conlon got the idea for the study after considering the difference between two popular sites for hotels and airline flights, priceline.com, which takes bids, and hotwire.com，which provides offers. Using these two models，Conlon and his fellow researchers conducted a series of experiments with more than 850 people who were charged with booking a fictional hotel room and acquiring a fictional antique car. Not only did participants prefer to receive bids, Conlon said，but they also secured more deals in that receiver role. Further when they had to make the bids，they were left more mentally taxed and regretful. From an industry perspective，putting customers in the receiver role may help fill more hotel rooms and airplane seats. “If you're a business with a lot of products，” Conlon said，“you may want to be the one making the offers. ” However, when selling single items, such as an antique car, accepting bids may be a better option since that typically drives up the price, he said. 1．What can we learn from Para. 1? A．The result of the study gives customers more confidence. B．Scholars aren't surprised at the findings of the study. C．Online shoppers don't bargain as much as expected. D．Ecommerce industry drives more hard bargains. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 2．It can be concluded from Conlon's experiments that________． A．online shopping is timeconsuming B．given prices help promote online sales C．online businesses provide a lot of products D．receiving offers makes online shoppers regretful 3．The underlined word “taxed” in Para. 4 probably means “________”． A．burdened B．numbed C．relieved D．challenged 4．The passage is mainly about________． A．the big advantages of online shopping B．the rapid development of online shopping C．online shoppers' preferences for taking offers D．online companies' strategies to improve service (三) 【要点综述】本文是一篇调查结果，讲述了网络购物者更喜欢接受价格这一现象。 1．C 细节理解题。从第一段中“Online shoppers would rather receive an offer for a product or service than make their own offers…”可知，网上购物的人并不像预料 的那样讨价还价。故选 C 项。 2．B 推理判断题。从文章可知，销售商给出价格可以帮助促进网络销售。故选 B 项。 3．A 词义猜测题。从并列的形容词 regretful 可知，选项是与 regretful 内涵范围一 致的词。taxed 负荷的，有负担的。 4．C 主旨大意题。从第一段中“Online shoppers would rather receive an offer for a product or service than make their own offers…”可知，这篇文章讲的是网络购物 者更喜欢接受价格。故选 C 项。