高考英语Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars题型组合课时练新人教版必修3 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2017·衡水中学高三一调) International Studies(BA 理学士) Key features ●Recognizes the “global community” ●Has close connections with practical research ●Much of the teaching is done in small discussion groups About the course The course focuses on the complex relations between nation states.It will provide more opportunity to study specific issues such as relationship among countries in the European Union ， third world debt ， local and international disagreement，and the work of international bodies such as the United Nations， the European Union，NATO，and the World Bank. The course applies theories to the working of the international system with close attention to particular countries.It provides students with a better knowledge of ways to solve international problems. Related courses BA (Hons) Community Management BA (Hons) Public Policy and Management Employment possibilities International organizations International business Earth Science(BSc 文学士) Key features ●Based on key courses and the latest research findings ●Pays much attention to practical skills ●Offers chances for fieldwork About the course The demand and competition for natural resources is becoming an increasingly serious problem for the future of mankind.Graduates in Earth Science will play an important role in meeting this demand，and in how these natural resources will be used. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 The course covers geography and geology (地质学)．You will carry out fieldwork in the UK and possibly abroad，and in your final year complete a research project in an area of interest to you. Related courses BSc (Hons) Geography BSc (Hons) Geology Employment possibilities Mineral，oil，water or other related engineering industries 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了两种学位课程的相关信息。 1．International Studies is a course in ． A．international politics B．international business C．international bodies D．international relations D [细节理解题。根据 The course focuses on the complex relations between nation states.可知，International Studies 课程的内容主要是关于国际关系的。故选 D。] 2．After taking the course of International Studies，the students will ． A．become practical and openminded B．have a greater ability to discuss theories C．know ways to settle problems between countries D．have good jobs in any international organization C [细节理解题。根据 It provides students with a better knowledge of ways to solve international problems.可知，学完 International Studies 这门课程后，学生可 以学会解决国际问题的方法。故选 C。] 3．Earth Science，as described in the second text， ． A．is attractive because of the chance for fieldwork B．pays more attention to theories than practical skills C．is built on important courses and the results of recent studies D．encourages students to play a role in using natural resources C [细节理解题。根据 Based on key courses and the latest research findings 可知，Earth Science 课程建立在重要的课程和近期的研究成果之上。故选 C。] 4．The above two texts are most probably written for the students who ． A．are first year college students B．have not yet chosen their course 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 C．want to study in the UK D．are interested in practical study abroad B [推理判断题。纵观全文可知，文章除了介绍两种课程的特点之外，还介绍了课程概 述以及具体科目；由此可推知，本文应该是为了给还没有做出具体选择的学生提供参考。故 选 B。] B (2017·辽宁部分重点高中协作校高三联考)Chilean astronomer Maritza Soto has discovered a planet three times as large as Jupiter orbiting a red giant star larger than the Sun and the planet is located some 290 million light years from the Earth. Soto，a 25yearold Ph.D.student in sciences at the University of Chile，worked for eight months using two telescopes at the La Silla Observatory，about 370 miles north of Santiago.Last November ， she discovered the planet now bearing the designation HD 110014c and her work has now been published in a journal of the London Royal Astronomical Society.The discovery of planets orbiting red giant stars is “rare”，with only five such planets located around stars of that magnitude to date， she told EFE. HD 110014c orbits its star at a distance about sixtenths the distance from the Sun to the Earth—or about the distance between Venus and the Sun.“It's like imagining a planet three times bigger than Jupiter with the orbit of Venus around the Sun，” she said，adding that the red giant star is about twice the size of the Earth's Sun. Another planet had already been discovered orbiting the star，and now Soto's work has added a second planet to that solar system.To find the planet，she used the socalled radial velocity (径向速度) method，which consists of measuring the slight jiggling (晃动) movement of a star as a planet orbits around it，given that the planets themselves send only a very weak signal and are quite difficult to detect on their own. “The planets are very weak compared to the stars and you have to use indirect methods to detect them.I analyzed the data that had been gathered over years to confirm the first planet and I discovered the second one orbiting the star，” she said. 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。智利的天文学家 Maritza Soto 发现了一颗是木星的 体积三倍大的行星。 5．What can we know about HD 110014c from the passage? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 A．It's about three times the size of Jupiter. B．It is the first planet discovered in that solar system. C．Its star is about 290 million light years from the Sun. D．It orbits its star at the distance between the Sun and the Earth. A [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Chilean astronomer Maritza Soto has discovered a planet three times as large as Jupiter”可知，HD 110014c 大约是 Jupiter 的体积 的三倍大。故选 A。] 6．Why are planets not easy to discover? A．It takes years to gather data. B．They're far away from the Earth. C．Their signal is too weak to catch. D．The existing technology is not mature. C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“given that the planets themselves send only a very weak signal and are quite difficult to detect on their own”可知，行星发 出的信号很弱，所以很难被发现。] 7．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To describe how to discover a planet. B．To tell an inspiring story of Maritza Soto. C．To inform readers of a new discovery of a planet. D．To stress the importance of discovering a planet. C [写作目的题。本文作者主要讲的是智利的天文学家 Maritza Soto 发现了一颗是木 星的体积三倍大的行星，因此 C 项为最佳答案。] 8．Which section of a newspaper is the passage most likely to come from? A．Geography. B．Science. C．Business. D．Environment. B [文章出处题。文章的内容是有关科学方面的发现的，所以很可能出自于报纸的科技 专栏。] Ⅱ.完形填空 (2017·郑州高三质量检测)I had just started my second year studying at Cambridge University when I was faced with the news I had never expected.A lump in my neck 1 out to be cancer.I would 2 six months of chemotherapy (化疗)． After the shock，I was struck by this thought：my 3 didn't have any room for cancer.I had so much I wanted to 4 and so many goals I wanted to chase. I was faced with the 5 job of telling my friends and family.Then，I had to 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 decide whether to 6 in Cambridge and take five exams at the end of the year.My doctor 7 against it，and so did my parents and teachers. My doctors and teachers convinced me that taking some time off to 8 and relax would be the best thing for me.I could not think of anything 9 ．I did not want to 10 a year of my life，receiving pity from those around me. Together with my parents，I tried to persuade the university to 11 me to stay at Cambridge and study only half the course.At the end of the year I would take two exams.It was really a 12 to persuade them to agree. Treatment began and I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week.It made me feel 13 ，but to a much lesser degree than I had expected.I was 14 to read，ear and socialize exactly as I used to.I slept a lot and rested a lot，but I also worked hard at my studies.It gave me focus，and it also gave me purpose.Completing my 15 at the end of term felt like a great personal victory. I took a 16 to continue studying while undergoing treatment，and it 17 ．I was successful in my exams—and more 18 ，I made a full recovery. Every person facing a disease like cancer must make the 19 that are right for them.I am 20 that I made the decision that was right for me. 【语篇解读】 “我”在剑桥大学读书期间患上了癌症，医生和老师都建议“我”休学 治疗，但是“我”坚持边上学边治疗，最后“我”不仅顺利通过了考试，也完全康复了。 1．A.stuck B．came C．turned D．worked C [根据空后的“out to be cancer”可以判断，“我”脖子上的肿块原来是癌症；turn out to be 为固定搭配，意为“结果是，证明是”。] 2．A.require B．expect C．sense D．arrange A [根据上句可知，“我”脖子上的肿块是癌症；根据常识可以判断，“我”需要化疗。 A 项意为“需要”，符合语境。] 3．A.body B．memories C．family D．dreams D [根据空后的“I had so much...I wanted to chase”可以判断，“我”有许多梦想 要实现(achieve)，有许多目标要追寻，“我”的梦想里没有什么空间可以放得下癌症，故 D 项正确。] 4．A.face B．achieve C．show D．understand 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 B [参见上题解析。] 5．A.necessary B．temporary C．difficult D．disappointing C [根据空后的“job of telling my friends and family”并结合语境可知，“我” 患上癌症，将这个消息告诉朋友和家人是一件困难的事。故 C 项正确。] 6．A.join B．treat C．settle D．continue D [根据空后的“take five exams at the end of the year”可知，此处表示这时“我” 要决定是否要继续在剑桥的学业。D 项意为“继续”，符合语境。] 7．A.fought B．advised C．acted D．decided B [医生建议“我”不要继续读书。B 项意为“建议”，符合语境。] 8．A.recover B．exercise C．study D．play A [医生和老师都认为休学对于“我”的康复和休息是最好的选择。A 项意为“康 复”，符合语境。] 9．A.better B．worse C．more D．less B [根据语境可以判断，“我”很想留在剑桥继续上学，故此处表示“我”想不到比休 学更糟的事情了。B 项意为“更糟的”，符合语境。] 10．A.save B．spend C．take D．miss D [根据语境及空后的“receiving pity“可知，医生建议“我”休学，而“我”不想 失去一年的大学时光。D 项意为“错过，失去”，符合语境。] 11．A.help B．remind C．allow D．invite C [“我”努力说服学校同意“我”继续留在剑桥读书。allow sb.to do sth.为固定 搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，故 C 项正确。A 项意为“帮助”，B 项意为“提醒”，D 项意为“邀请”，都与语境不符。] 12．A.struggle B．failure C．burden D．trouble A [根据空后的“to persuade them to agree”可以判断，说服学校接受“我”继续 读书是一件难事。A 项意为“难事”，符合语境。B 项意为“失败”，C 项意为“重担”，D 项意为“麻烦”，都与语境不符。] 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 13．A.tired B．relaxed C．confident D．nervous A [根据上句中的“I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week” 可知，“我”每两周就要从剑桥到伦敦来回颠簸接受治疗；据此可判断，“我”感到很疲劳。 A 项意为“疲劳的”，符合语境。] 14．A.afraid B．ready C．able D．eager C [根据该句中的“as I used to”可以判断，“我”跟从前一样能够阅读、吃饭和社 交。C 项意为“能够”，符合语境。] 15．A.purpose B．projects C．treatment D．exams D [根据上文第五段的倒数第二句“At the end of the year I would take two exams.” 可知，“我”在年底要参加两场考试；据此可以判断，在期末完成考试对于“我”来说就像 是一个巨大的成功。D 项意为“考试”，符合语境。A 项意为“目的”，B 项意为“项目”， C 项意为“治疗”，都与语境不符。] 16．A.rest B．risk C．privilege D．job B [根据该句中的“continue studying while undergoing treatment”可以判断，在 治疗过程中“我”继续上学，这是冒险的。B 项意为“风险”，符合语境，故 B 项正确。A 项意为“休息”，C 项意为“特权”，D 项意为“工作”，都与语境不符。] 17．A.ended up B．passed on C．paid off D．broke out C [根据下句中的“I was successful in my exams”可知，“我”考试成功了，“我” 的努力终于奏效了。C 项意为“取得成功，奏效”，符合语境。A 项意为“最终成为”，B 项意为“传给”，D 项意为“爆发”，都与语境不符。] 18．A.clearly B．interestingly C．specifically D．importantly D [根据空后的“I made a full recovery”可知，更重要的是，“我”完全康复了。D 项意为“重要地”，符合语境。A 项意为“清晰地”，B 项意为“有趣地”，C 项意为“特 别地”，都与语境不符。] 19．A.choices B．changes C．efforts D．chances A [通读上文可知，“我”在是否休学去接受治疗的问题上做出了正确的选择。下文中 的“I made the decision that was right for me”是提示。A 项意为“选择”，符合语 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 境。] 20．A.surprised B．excited C．determined D．proud D [根据该句中的“that I made the decision that was right for me”可以判断， “我”对做出正确的选择感到骄傲。D 项意为“骄傲的”，符合语境。A 项意为“惊奇的”， B 项意为“兴奋的”，C 项意为“坚决的”，都与语境不符。] 【导学号：30892215】