2020届高考英语北师大版大一轮复习精练：选修8高考提能练（27） 21页

‎2020届北师大版单元复习测验卷：　选修⑧　Unit 23　Conflict ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎[2019·银川高三质量检测]‎ How Did the Ancient Chinese Keep ‎ Food Warm in Winter？‎ Facilities like electric rice cookers， microwaves， and electric kettles， make it easy for people to keep food warm and enjoy a comfortable winter. So how did Chinese people in ancient times keep food warm in winter without these？ In fact， ancient Chinese people used their own methods of heat preservation as early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.‎ ‎☆“Wen Ding”， ancient rice cooker One of the major functions of an electric rice cooker is to keep food warm. The “Wen Ding”， an ancient cooking container， served the same purpose， but instead of using electric energy， the ancient cooking container preserved heat by burning fuels like charcoal.‎ The “Wen Ding” unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China， dating back to the Stone Age. The craftsmanship of making the “Wen Ding” was developed in the Bronze Age. The bronze Ding from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties took on different shapes and structures.‎ ‎☆“Ran Lu”， ancient small hot pot The “Ran Lu” is a smallsize cooking vessel (器皿) made of bronze， which can be divided into three parts. A charcoal stove forms the main structure， with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes， and a movable cup at the top. Some experts have concluded that the vessel's structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period (475 B.C.221 B.C.).‎ ‎☆Bronze You， ancient kettle The Bronze You was one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. The Bronze You can also be used to warm wine. For example， the Bronze You with beast mask design， unearthed in Jiangxi Province， has an opening where charcoal could be placed. Just as people today can't do without an electric kettle， the Bronze You allowed people to enjoy a hot drink.‎ ‎☆Bronze Yan， ancient steamer Although the “Wen Ding” was effective at keeping food warm， the ancient Chinese people later found that its burning process produced pollution. As a result， the Bronze Yan was made with a twotier structure and used to steam rice and other grains. After the Eastern Han Dynasty (25 A.D.220 A.D.)， further improvements to the Bronze Yan led to the modernday steamer.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代四种在冬天给食物保温的器皿。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　For example， the Bronze You with beast mask design， unearthed in Jiangxi Province， has an opening where charcoal could be placed.(Bronze You， ancient kettle部分第三句)‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。“unearthed in Jiangxi Province”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“the Bronze You”；where引导定语从句，指代先行词“an opening”。‎ Paraphrase(英英释义)：For example， the Bronze You with beast mask design， which was discovered in Jiangxi Province， has an opening to place charcoal.‎ ‎【词汇积累】　ancient adj.古代的　preservation n.保存　dynasty n.朝代；王朝　charcoal n.木炭 ‎1．When did the “Ran Lu” become popular？‎ A.In the Zhou Dynasty.‎ B.In the Eastern Han Dynasty.‎ C.In the Warring States Period.‎ D.In the Stone Age.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。‎ 关键句：Some experts have concluded that the vessel's structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period (475 B.C.221‎ ‎ B.C.).(“Ran Lu”， ancient small hot pot部分最后一句)‎ 译文：一些专家推断，这种器皿的结构表明它可能被当做一种小火锅来使用，这种器皿在战国时期(公元前475—公元前221年)流行起来。‎ 根据关键句可知，“Ran Lu”在战国时期变得流行。故C项正确。‎ ‎2.The Bronze You， unearthed in Jiangxi Province， has an opening to ________.‎ A.place charcoal　　　　　　B.store wine C.pour water D.hold charcoal ashes 答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。‎ 关键句：For example， the Bronze You with beast mask design， unearthed in Jiangxi Province， has an opening where charcoal could be placed.(Bronze You， ancient kettle部分第三句)‎ 译文：例如，江西出土的带有兽面纹的Bronze You上有一个可以放置木炭的开口。‎ 根据关键句可知，Bronze You上的开口是用来放置木炭的。故A项正确。‎ ‎3．What is the unique advantage of the Bronze Yan？‎ A.It is warm. ‎ B.It is convenient.‎ C.It is useful. ‎ D.It is environmentfriendly.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。‎ 关键句：Although the “Wen Ding” was effective at keeping food warm， the ancient Chinese people later found that its burning process produced pollution. As a result， the Bronze Yan was made with a twotier structure and used to steam rice and other grains.(最后一段前两句)‎ 译文：虽然“Wen Ding”在食物保温方面很有效，但后来中国古代人民发现其在燃烧过程中会产生污染。因此，双层结构的Bronze Yan应运而生，可用于蒸米和其他谷物。‎ 根据关键句可推知，Bronze Yan最独特的地方在于不会污染环境。故D项正确。‎ B ‎[2019·辽宁辽南模拟]Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye， a skilled hand and lots of patience. But in Lenwood Haddock's Case， being blind works to his advantage. His trained， sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986， Lenwood has woven about 145,000 perfect hammocks.‎ Lenwood lost his sight in 1973， at age 18， during a hunting accident. “My whole working career has been blind，” ‎ he says. He first found a job as a woodworker， but when that organization closed， the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On his first day of work， “I did a total of one hammock，” Lenwood recalls， laughing. “And then I came home and lay down to sleep. I lift weights， but I wasn't as tough as I thought until I started weaving. It takes a lot of energy， and you're standing up all day.”‎ In time， however， Lenwood found he had a knack (窍门) for the job. At first he worked onsite at the company， but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.‎ There， he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day， he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.‎ The process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops (环). A single missed stitch (织针) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable or even dangerous to use. Experienced weavers miss loops sometimes， but to his company's knowledge， Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwood's skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.‎ The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today， it is the world's largest maker ‎ and seller of hammocks， all built by hand.‎ However， Lenwood's routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the rows， looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock， Lenwood presents himself a perfect product. “I'm not sure how sighted people do it，” he admits.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了因故双目失明的Lenwood努力学习制作吊床的励志故事。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　At first he worked onsite at the company， but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.(第三段最后一句)‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。where引导的定语从句修饰先行词workshop。‎ Paraphrase(英英释义)：At the beginning， Lenwood worked onsite at the company， but after a year he moved to the home workshop in which he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.‎ ‎【词汇积累】　sensitive adj.敏感的　acutely adv.强烈地；深深地　operation n.操作；经营 ‎4．Lenwood stopped doing his first job because ________________________________________________________________________.‎ A.it was for people with good eyesight only B.the company failed to go on with its business C.the company didn't produce hammocks D.he was not skilled at doing woodwork 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。‎ 关键句：He first found a job as a woodworker， but when that organization closed， the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks.(第二段第三句)‎ 译文：他起初找了一份木匠的工作，但该机构倒闭后，North Carolina的盲人服务部门让他与Hatteras Hammocks公司结下了缘分。‎ 根据关键句和第二段内容可知，Lenwood失明后找了一份工作，但后来他所在的机构倒闭了。故选B。‎ ‎5．It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood ______.‎ A.has been blind all through his life B.used to work as a hunter to support his family C.was born in the 1950s with good eyesight D.has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years 答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。‎ 关键句：Lenwood lost his sight in 1973， at age 18， during a hunting accident.(第二段第一句)‎ 译文：1973年Lenwood 18岁时，在一次打猎事故中，双目失明了。‎ 根据关键句可推知，Lenwood生于20世纪50年代(1973－18＝1955)，而且出生时视力正常，A项与原文不符，排除A项，C项与原文相符。文中说他因打猎发生意外而失明，并未提及他曾经以打猎为生，故排除B项；根据第三段最后一句可知，Lenwood在织吊床之前做了十年木工，故排除D项。故选C。‎ ‎6．What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph？‎ A.He moved very often while he was working on a hammock.‎ B.He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.‎ C.He had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it.‎ D.He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。‎ 关键句：One day， he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.(第四段最后一句)‎ 译文：有一天，他突然发现，在自己寸步未离自己商店的情况下，手机上的计步器记录他走了8英里的路程。‎ 根据关键句和第四段内容可推知，Lenwood在做吊床时经常走动，不然不会有8英里的步行记录。故选A。‎ ‎7．What does the passage mainly talk about？‎ A.The success of the Hammock Source Company.‎ B.A blind craftsman who makes perfect hammocks.‎ C.How to weave perfect hammocks by hand.‎ D.How to become a successful craftsman.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了因故双目失明的Lenwood努力学习做吊床，自强自立的励志故事。B项准确地概括了文章的主题。故选B。‎ C ‎[2019·河北五个一名校联盟] Imagine this scene： it's blowing outside， and you snuggle (蜷伏) up on the sofa under a warm quilt， chatting and recalling with your closest friends.‎ ‎ That content， cosy feeling， has a name in Danish — hygge. And， as Denmark recently won the title of “the happiest country in the world”， the concept of hygge is known to more and more people interested in finding ways to understand this concept.‎ ‎ Hygge — originally from a Norwegian word meaning wellbeing — doesn't have an exact equivalent (对应物) in English. It's often translated as coziness， or as blogger Anna West told the BBC， “coziness of the soul”. But， professor Maren Spark explains， “Hygge_was_never_meant_to_be_translated._It_was_meant_to_be_felt.”‎ ‎ Basically， hygge involves creating a warm， cosy atmosphere and enjoying it with your loved ones. Danish winters are long and dark， so achieving hygge is particularly relevant during this season. A typical hygge activity during winter could be enjoying delicious homemade food and lighthearted conversation with friends — preferably in the warm glow of candlelight， or maybe sipping a glass of wine in the hot tub after a day spent skiing.‎ ‎ However， hygge isn't only limited to the cold winter months — it can also describe that warm， fuzzy feeling you get after a walk through a forest with friends on a summer's day or a family barbecue in the park. Hygge is meant to be shared.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　每年，丹麦人都会经历漫长而阴沉的冬日，可是丹麦却被认为是世界上最幸福的国家。文章向我们介绍了丹麦人是如何通过创造舒适的环境来提高幸福指数的。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　And， as Denmark recently won the title of “the happiest country in the world”， the concept of hygge is known to more and more people interested in finding ways to understand this concept.‎ 分析：这是一个复合句。as引导原因状语从句；interested in finding ways to understand this concept作定语，修饰中心词people，to understand this concept为动词不定式作定语。‎ 译文：并且，由于丹麦最近获得了“世界上最幸福的国家”称号，“hygge”‎ 的概念被越来越多的人了解，这些人对找到理解这一概念的方式感兴趣。‎ ‎8．The author asks the readers to imagine the scene in the first paragraph to ________.‎ A.help the readers to calm down B.introduce the topic of the passage C.present the main idea of the passage D.remind the readers of their past memories 答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。由文章第一段和第二段可知，作者让读者想象这个情景是为了引出文章所要介绍的话题“hygge”。‎ ‎9．What do the underlined sentences by Maren Spark mean？‎ A.The translation of the word “hygge” is not good enough.‎ B.Only Danish speakers know what “hygge” means.‎ C.“Hygge” is easy to translate but hard to feel.‎ D.We can get the true meaning of “hygge” by feeling it.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查句意理解。根据第三段可知，“hygge”这个词常被解释为“coziness”，下文由“But”引出“professor Maren Spark”的观点“‘hygge’不应该被翻译，而应用来感受”。由此可知，我们只有通过感受才能理解“hygge”的真正内涵。‎ ‎10．Which of the following can be best described as a “hygge” activity？‎ A.Skiing in the cold winter months.‎ B.Living through long dark winters.‎ C.Taking afternoon tea with friends.‎ D.Walking alone in the forest.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。由倒数第二段的第一句可知，“hygge”与创造一个温暖舒适的氛围并与你爱的人一起分享有关。C项中的“Taking afternoon tea”符合“creating a warm， cosy atmosphere”， “friends”对应“your loved ones”。故选C项。‎ ‎11．The author writes this passage to ________.‎ A.explain B.persuade C.comment D.advertise 答案与解析：A　考查写作目的。纵观全文可以看出，文章采用情景介绍、概念介绍、举例说明的方式向我们介绍了一种创造舒适的环境来提高幸福指数的生活方式：hygge。故选A项。‎ D ‎[2019·湖北联考]A billionaire has recently made one of the biggest charitable (慈善的) donations to a university in China's history. Chen Tianqiao donated $115 million to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to help advanced brain research. The donation will be spent deepening the understanding of how the brain works. Chen has been interested in brain research， believing it can shape the industries such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality. However， this huge donation has caused heated discussions among Chinese scholars and Internet users alike.‎ Many criticized him for choosing to give money to a foreign university rather than home institutes for brain research， which are developing fast and are on track to catch up with the US in just a few years. Rao Yi， a biologist at Peking University， even said the donation was a typical mistake.‎ Others， however， support his choice. They believe Caltech is a more reasonable choice compared to Chinese research institutions. Caltech has a long history and has taken a leading position in biology， and therefore it produces more efficient (有效的) results. In addition， the results of the research benefit not only the American people， but also the rest of the world.‎ A similar controversial case started two years ago when Pan Shiyi， chairman of SOHO China， donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese students.‎ Many believe that China is still behind in the management and use of donated money， and that as a result， Chinese charity donators are looking abroad. In comparison， Western countries like the US， which have a long history of donating money， have welldeveloped systems that use money efficiently. They can also provide full access for donors who want to track the use of the money. To get more donations， Chinese universities should be braver and more honest. They need selfreflection， rather than envy.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。中国的亿万富翁陈天桥给加州理工学院捐赠了巨资用以大脑的研究，这件事引发了人们的热议。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　In comparison， Western countries like the ‎ US， which have a long history of donating money， have welldeveloped systems that use money efficiently.(最后一段第二句)‎ 分析：本句是主从复合句。which have a long history of donating money和that use money efficiently都是定语从句。‎ Paraphrase/英英释义：Compared with China， Western countries such as the US with a long history of donating money， have welldeveloped systems to make use of money efficiently.‎ ‎【词汇积累】　deepen v.加深　criticize v.批评　typical adj.典型的 ‎12．Why did Chen's donation draw criticism？‎ A.It was not used efficiently.‎ B.It was one of the largest to Caltech.‎ C.It should have been given away to a Chinese college.‎ D.It was used in brain research rather than for unfortunate people.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。该题提问的是为什么陈天桥的捐赠引起了批评。根据题干中的关键信息“criticism”可以将信息定位到文章的第二段。根据该段的第一句“Many criticized him for choosing to give money to a foreign university rather than home institutes for brain research， which are developing fast and are on track to catch up with the US in just a few years.”可知，许多人批评陈天桥选择给外国大学捐钱，而不是给国内大脑研究机构提供资金，认为他本应该捐款给中国的大学。故选C。‎ ‎13．Some people are in favor of Chen's choice because ______.‎ A.the Chinese are just too envious B.the achievements benefit the whole world C.Caltech is a university with a longer history D.the fund can help disadvantaged Chinese students 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。该题提问的是为什么一些人支持陈天桥的选择。根据题干中的关键信息“in favor of”可以将信息定位到文章的第三段。根据该段的最后一句“In addition， the results of the research benefit not only the American people， but also the rest of the world.”可知，有些人支持陈天桥的做法是因为这些成就可以使全世界受益。故选B。‎ ‎14．Pan Shiyi is mentioned to ________.‎ A.suggest the Chinese are enthusiastic about universities B.show off generosity of the billionaires in China C.inform some Chinese students are poor at academy D.prove the widespread disagreement over donating abroad 答案与解析：D　考查目的意图。该题提问的是潘石屹被提及是为了什么。根据题干中的关键信息“Pan Shiyi”可以将信息定位到文章的第四段。该段介绍了两年前SOHO中国董事长潘石屹给哈佛大学捐赠了1 500万美元来帮助贫困的中国学生这件事，也引起了争议。由此可知，提到潘石虼是为了证明人们普遍不同意给国外捐款。故选D。‎ ‎15．To get more fund， the author thinks the Chinese universities should ________.‎ A.explore artificial intelligence B.grow fast and catch up with the US C.develop efficient systems to use the donations D.educate braver and more honest graduates 答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。该题提问的是为了得到更多的资金，作者认为中国大学应该怎么做。根据题干中的关键信息“To get more fund”可以将信息定位到文章的最后一段。根据该段可知，中国的慈善家将目光投向国外是因为许多西方国家捐赠历史悠久，有完善的体系来有效地使用款项。由此可推知，作者认为中国大学应该发展有效的体系来合理地使用善款。故选C。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎[2019·山东省高三预测] There are two types of party attendees (参加者)： Those who count the minutes until they can go home， and those who stay until the early hours of morning.‎ ‎ Regardless of which category you fall into， though， you must have secretly wondered about the best time to head out the door. __1__ Not only do you want to avoid being impolite， but you also don't want to overstay your welcome. Thankfully， Thomas Blaikie can help you out with this delicate matter.‎ ‎ According to Blaikie， there is a golden time to leave the gathering without appearing rude. __2__ If it's a sitdown dinner party， but you have to leave for something urgent， you should remain until all courses have been served. It's considered rude to leave before dessert. __3__ Aim to say your goodbyes at 11：15‎ ‎ p.m.， Don't be the last person to leave.‎ ‎ __4__ Chatting with a drink in your hand can easily make you lose track of the time. And don't worry about hurting your host if you must turn down an offer. After all， your host is tired out.‎ ‎ This advice depends on how well you know your host， of course. __5__ He also might appreciate it if you stayed behind to help clean up. In that case， you'll need to know the best cleaning tips for a dinner party.‎ A.As for the weekends？‎ B.On a weeknight， it is best to leave at 10：30 p.m.‎ C.Undoubtedly， they have spent much time on the party.‎ D.Thank the host for the party when you are ready to leave.‎ E.Blaikie recommends politely turning down any afterdinner drinks.‎ F.A good friend might be hurt if you did happen to turn down an offer.‎ G.Finding the most natural moment to leave the party can be an art form.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇有关礼仪的说明文，主要介绍的是什么时候离开聚会最合适以及如何拒绝主人的餐后邀请。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：G　考查上下文衔接。空前谈到人们参加聚会时都思考过什么时候离开最合适。空后谈到既要避免不礼貌地过早离开，又要考虑不过度逗留。所以本空选G“找到离开聚会最自然的时间可能是一种艺术形式”。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：B　考查上下文衔接。空前谈到了礼仪专 家Blaikie认为礼貌地离开聚会有一个黄金时间，因此本段应该谈离开聚会的具体时间。所以，本空谈在工作日的晚上聚会的话，10：30是离开的黄金时间。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：A　考查上下文衔接。根据本段主题句，再结合本空后面一句“Aim to say your goodbyes at 11：15 p.m.”可知选A，“Aim to say your goodbyes at 11：15 p.m.”实际上回答了如果在周末晚上聚会的话，什么时候离开最合适的问题。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：E　考查段落主题句。根据空后的内容可知，本段在谈应该拒绝关于餐后饮品的邀请，因为这样会把控不了时间，况且主人也很累了。因此E选项作为本段主题句是最恰当的。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：F　考查上下文衔接。本段第一句谈到了这些建议要根据你对主人的了解程度来使用。本空后面的“He also ‎ might appreciate it if... clean up”暗示了好朋友可能真的希望你留下来帮助他清理。据此可推知，如果你拒绝餐后的邀请，你的好朋友可能会伤心，故选F。‎ 课时练(二)　英语知识运用板块练——练准度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎[2019·太原模拟]Leslie Morissette's son， Graham， was 6 years old when he was diagnosed with leukemia (白血病). Throughout Graham's __1__ in the hospital， Graham connected with everyone he met， from __2__ patients to younger children. “He would __3__ other sick children his toys or act silly to make them laugh，” Morissette said. “Graham's special spirit is what kept me going. He gave me the energy and the __4__ to fight with him.” In 1997， when he was 8 years old， Graham passed away.‎ ‎__5__ by how Graham lived his life caring about others， Morissette __6__ the nonprofit Grahamtastic Connection in his honor. The organization provides free technology — including computers， iPads and robots — to children __7__ cancer and other serious illnesses.‎ One of the major goals of Morissette's work is to __8__ kids to their classrooms， which really helps them continue their __9__ despite hospitalization and days __10__ from school.‎ The robots “transport” children right into the classroom in real time. They can __11__ the robots right from their __12__ bed or home. If some children are unable to attend school， they can __13__ log on to their laptop and call in the robot. They can __14__ up and down the school paths. They can go to lunch with their __15__. The real magic happens between classes， when they're walking down the hallway with their friends， by robot， __16__ their weekend and their favorite foods and other things. It's great technology that really gives children the feeling of control， when their world is maybe __17__ control.‎ ‎“Every time I can help a child in need， I feel __18__‎ ‎ Graham is smiling，” Morissette said. “I believe that Graham's __19__ lives on in the work that I do. And I'm __20__ and privileged to be able to do it in his honor.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文为记叙文。Leslie Morissette的儿子Graham在6岁时被诊断患有白血病，8岁时不幸去世。Morissette化悲痛为行动，创立了以自己儿子命名的非营利组织Grahamtastic Connection，致力于为患重病的儿童提供免费的电脑、机器人等科技产品，以便于他们与自己的朋友、家人和同学保持联系。‎ ‎【核心词汇】　pass away去世　treatment n. 治疗　inspire v.激励；启迪　out of control失去控制 ‎1．A.surgery　　　　　　　　　B.treatment C.vacation D.rest 答案与解析：B　根据前文中的“he was diagnosed with leukemia(白血病)”可知，Graham被诊断得了白血病，因此需要在医院治疗。surgery“外科手术”；treatment“治疗”；vacation“假期，休假”；rest“休息”。故选B项。‎ ‎2．A.elderly B.sleepy C.deadly D.naughty 答案与解析：A　在医院治疗期间，Graham和他遇到的每一个人接触，从年老的病人到年幼的孩子。根据本句中的“everyone”和“younger”可知，Graham接触的人从老人到小孩都有。故选A项。‎ ‎3．A.buy B.charge C.return D.lend 答案与解析：D　他会把他的玩具借给其他生病的孩子或者做出可笑的举动来让他们笑。故选D项。‎ ‎4．A.focus B.strength C.resource D.attention 答案与解析：B　根据本空前的句子“Graham's special spirit is what kept me going” 可知，Graham的精神使Morissette一直前行，给Morissette力量。focus“焦点”；strength“力量”；resource“资源”；attention“注意力”。故选B项。‎ ‎5．A.Confused B.Depressed C.Inspired D.Worried 答案与解析：C　根据前文中的“Graham's special spirit is ‎ what kept me going”可知，Graham的精神使Morissette一直前行，因此Morissette受到了Graham的激励。confused“使困惑”；depress“使沮丧”；inspire“激励”；worry“使担心”。故选C项。‎ ‎6．A.left B.visited C.benefited D.founded 答案与解析：D　Morissette创立非营利组织Grahamtastic Connection来纪念他。根据后文中的“The organization”可知，Grahamtastic Connection是个非营利组织，故此处应表示“创立”，故选D项。‎ ‎7．A.causing B.curing C.battling D.preventing 答案与解析：C　这个组织向与癌症和其他严重的疾病抗争的孩子提供免费的科技产品。cause“导致”；cure“治愈”；battle“斗争；与……作斗争”；prevent“阻止”。故选C项。‎ ‎8．A.connect B.force C.invite D.throw 答案与解析：A　根据后文中的“The robots ‘transport’ children right into the classroom in real time”可知，Morissette的工作目标主要是把孩子们和学校联系在一起，帮助他们继续学业。故选A项。‎ ‎9．A.career B.education C.struggle D.business 答案与解析：B　由常识可知，这些孩子因为生病离开了学校住院治疗，不能继续接受教育，而Morissette的工作主要是帮助孩子们继续接受教育。故选B项。‎ ‎10．A.missed B.stopped C.suffered D.graduated 答案与解析：A　由常识可知，孩子们住院治疗会错过很多在学校的日子，故选A项。‎ ‎11．A.operate B.build C.steal D.separate 答案与解析：A　他们能够在医院床上或者家里操控这些机器人。表示“使用/操控”应使用动词“operate”，故选A项。‎ ‎12．A.flower B.river C.hospital D.hotel 答案与解析：‎ C　由前文可知，这些生病的孩子在住院治疗，因此他们可以在医院的床上操控机器人。故选C项。‎ ‎13.A.hardly B.accidentally C.simply D.luckily 答案与解析：C　如果一些孩子不能上学，他们只要登录他们的笔记本电脑就能招来机器人。hardly“几乎不”；accidentally“偶然地；意外地”；simply“只要，只是”，强调某事多么容易；luckily“幸运地”。故选C项。‎ ‎14.A.drive B.jump C.climb D.walk 答案与解析：D　他们可以在学校的小路上走来走去。walk up and down the school paths表示“在学校的小路上来回走”，故选D项。‎ ‎15.A.parents B.friends C.doctors D.patients 答案与解析：B　由前文中的“the school paths”及后文中的“between classes”可知，这些都是在学校发生的事，故这里应该是说在学校和朋友吃午餐。故选B项。‎ ‎16.A.talking about B.putting off C.depending on D.thinking of 答案与解析：A　由常识可知，孩子们在学校应该会和朋友“谈论”周末和食物，故选A项。‎ ‎17.A.under B.within C.away from D.out of 答案与解析：D　由前文可知，这些孩子生了重病，因此很多事情无法做到，故这里指他们的生活可能已经失去了控制，故选D项。‎ ‎18.A.even if B.as though C.in case D.so that 答案与解析：B　这里是说“每次我帮助一个需要帮助的孩子，我都感觉Graham好像在微笑”。even if“尽管”；as though“好像”；in case“以防，万一”；so that“因此”，故选B项。‎ ‎19.A.success B.joy C.love D.fortune 答案与解析：C　由第二段中的“Graham lived his life caring about others”可知，Graham关心爱护他人，这里是说“我相信Graham的爱继续存在于我所做的工作中”。故选C项。‎ ‎20.A.angry B.sad C.careful D.proud 答案与解析：D　由前文可知，Leslie Morissette创立非营利组织Grahamtastic Connection来纪念去世的儿子，因此Morissette对自己所做的事应该感到骄傲，故选D项。‎ 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎[2019·福州检测] A hutong is an ancient city street typical in Beijing. __1__ (surround) the Forbidden City， many were built during the Yuan， Ming and Qing __2__ (dynasty). In order to establish the strongest power， emperors planned the city and arranged the residential areas. __3__ center of the city Beijing was the royal palace — the Forbidden City.‎ ‎ At the end of the Qing dynasty， after __4__ (close) China came under the influence from abroad， many old hutongs lost __5__ (they) former neat arrangement.‎ ‎ After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949， hutong conditions __6__ (improve). But in recent years， the houses in many hutongs have been pulled __7__ and replaced by modern buildings. And the hutong today is fading into the shade for __8__ tourists and local people.‎ ‎ However， in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one __9__ (three) of the total area， providing housing for half population， so many hutongs __10__ (survive). In this respect， we see the old in the new in Beijing as an ancient yet modern city.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京胡同的发展历史、建造作用以及当前的状况等。‎ ‎1.答案与解析：Surrounding　考查现在分词。胡同环绕着紫禁城，它们中的许多建造于元、明、清时期。分析该句结构可知，many前面的部分为状语；主语many代指“胡同”，和动词surround有逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。‎ ‎2.答案与解析：dynasties　考查名词复数。根据该句中的“Yuan， Ming and Qing”可知，该处指三个朝代，dynasty为可数名词，故该处用复数形式。‎ ‎3.答案与解析：‎ The　考查定冠词。北京城的中心是皇宫——紫禁城。根据该句中的“of the city Beijing”可知，该处特指“北京城的中心”，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎4.答案与解析：closed　考查形容词。根据句子结构和空后的名词“China”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“闭关自守的”，故用形容词。‎ ‎5.答案与解析：their　考查代词。根据空后的名词短语“former neat arrangement”可知，空处修饰该名词短语，故用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎6.答案与解析：were improved　考查动词的时态和语态。1949年中华人民共和国成立以后，胡同的状况得到了改善。该句主语为“hutong conditions”，和动词improve之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；根据该句中的时间状语可知，该句介绍过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎7.答案与解析：down　考查介词。但是近年来，许多胡同中的房子被拆毁，取而代之的是现代化的建筑。pull down为 ‎固定搭配，意为“拆毁”。‎ ‎8.答案与解析：both　考查固定搭配。both... and... 为固定搭配，意为“两者都……”。‎ ‎9.答案与解析：third　考查数词。“三分之一”，分母用序数词，故用third。‎ ‎10.答案与解析：have survived　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“still occupy”可知，该空表示过去的动作一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时。‎ 课时练(三)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分练——练规范 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎[2019·东北三省四市教研联合体模拟] I was often troubled by lack of confidences. So I applied for a job at an exhibition as reporter last term. The exhibition was held annual to display the latest products in the field of education. At that time， I was responsible for interview parents who bought the learning tools. While talking with him， I found it was not so hard as I think. One lady even praised me but asked her son to learn from me. I realized the experience was in great value and nothing was more excited than communicating with people.‎ ‎ From this experience， I am fully aware that we should take real action if our personality that needs improving.‎ 答案：‎ ‎ I was often troubled by lack of confidence. ‎ So I applied for a job at an exhibition as reporter last term. The exhibition was held annua to display the latest products in the field of education. At that time， I was responsible for intervie parents who bought the learning tools. While talking with hi， I found it was not so hard as I thin. One lady even praised me bu asked her son to learn from me. I realized the experience was i great value and nothing was more excite than communicating with people.‎ ‎ From this experience， I am fully aware that we should take real action if our personality needs improving.‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎[2019·山西八校联考]假定你叫李华，你的英国笔友Tom想体验中国高铁，于是写邮件请你帮助购买北京到黄山的高铁票。请你根据以下提示回一封邮件：‎ ‎1.对他的到来表示欢迎；‎ ‎2.请他将护照复印件发至你的电子邮箱；‎ ‎3.当他到北京时，可以凭护照在车站取票；‎ ‎4.简单介绍中国的高铁。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：高铁CRH ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【范文赏读】‎ Dear Tom，‎ You cannot imagine how delighted I feel when I know that you are coming to China. You know a copy of the passport is a must for buying the ticket for foreigners. So you are supposed to send one to me by email. Additionally， when the ticket is booked， you could pick it up by having your passport checked upon arriving in Beijing.‎ Finally， I'd like to express my appreciation for your choice. CRH is the best means of transportation in China. China's advanced technology contributes to its high speed， comfort and safety， which also enjoys great fame abroad.‎ Hope you will enjoy your trip on CRH！‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua