2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用练习：选修8Unit4课下作业（一_三） 8页

选修8 Unit 4 课下作业（一~三）‎ 课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．He has learned to deal with all kinds of complicated situations properly (恰当地)．‎ ‎2．In our school students are classified (把……分类) according to how much they know and how old they are.‎ ‎3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)We are fortunate (幸运的) enough to have this opportunity to enjoy this papercutting exhibition.‎ ‎4．You should realize that your remarks (评论) may hurt the feelings of people around you.‎ ‎5．Even though I went through the resume carefully again and again, I'm still afraid of overlooking (忽视) some important details.‎ ‎6．He is smaller than you, but he is superior (优秀的) to you.‎ ‎7．Encourage your child to reach a compromise (妥协) between what he wants and what you want.‎ ‎8．A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation (犹豫)．‎ ‎9．We will condemn (谴责) those people for their mistreating pets, such as dogs or cats.‎ ‎10．He dipped into the bag and brought out a handful (一把) of sample wheat.‎ Ⅱ.语境语法填空 ‎1．When it comes to the most ❶horrible (horror) thing I've experienced, I have to mention the ❷robbery (rob) in Cape Town. I was walking to my apartment after work when I heard a man ❸whistling (whistle) behind me. He aimed a gun at my back and ordered me to kneel down. I knew a moment of ❹hesitation (hesitate) might cost me my life and I took ❺effective (effect) measures. I handed out my belongings and he took them away. Though I felt ❻disgusted (disgust) and ❼uncomfortable (comfortable), I was not hurt, which was ❽fortunate (fortune) enough. This experience taught me a lesson that when we are in danger, we must make a quick ❾adaptation (adapt) and deal with the emergency ❿properly (proper)．‎ ‎2．I made ❶his (he) acquaintance in the street and he said he was in great need ❷of money and wanted to borrow 2,000 yuan from me.Generally ❸speaking (speak), it is impolite to ask for money on first acquaintance.Besides, I'm not rich at all in terms ❹of money, so I hesitated, wondering what ❺if he was a liar.He added that one person passed herself off ❻as one of his wife's friends and cheated him into giving her all his money, which condemned him ❼to this point.Hearing this, I felt I was ❽mistaken (mistake) about him.But I made ❾ compromise on the amount of money he asked and gave him 1,000 yuan.My wife made no remark ❿on/upon ‎ what I did today when I got home.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．他对音乐不怎么了解，然而他非常精通绘画。(acquaintance)‎ He has_little_acquaintance_with music, while he has a wide knowledge of painting.‎ ‎2．你最好把那位老人领进来。(show)‎ You'd better show_the_old_man_in.‎ ‎3．然而，就营养来说，快餐是很不令人满意的。(term)‎ However, in_terms_of_nutrition,_fast food is far from satisfactory.‎ ‎4．当我们和朋友发生冲突的时候，换位思考是十分重要的。(be of＋n.)‎ Putting ourselves in their shoes is_of_great_importance/significance when we have conflicts with friends.‎ ‎5．他们开始做实验，希望会成功。(形容词短语作状语)‎ They started the experiment, hopeful_for_success.‎ Ⅳ.语境辨义 根据语境选出动词fade的词义 ‎(A)凋谢；枯萎　　　　　　　 (B)(使)褪色 ‎(C)(光等)变暗 (D)逐渐消失 ‎1．The curtains had faded in the sun.__B__‎ ‎2．Hopes of reaching an agreement seem to be fading away.__D__‎ ‎3．With the winter approaching, the flowers have faded.__A__‎ ‎4．They arrived home just as the light was fading.__C__‎ 课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练 Ⅰ.根据提示填空 Walk into any bookstore, and you can hardly avoid “bumping into” Charles Dickens. Many of Dickens's ❶novels (novel) still sell well today. And they ❷are_laid (lay) on outstanding shelves.‎ One day nearly 10 years ago, however, when I was giving my students a lecture about Dickens's ❸writing (write), a hand shot up. “But why should we still read this stuff？” the student asked.‎ The question ❹annoyed (annoy) me for years and for years. I told myself answers, but never with complete ❺satisfaction (satisfy). We read Dickens because we can learn from experiences of his ❻characters (character) almost as ❼easily (easy) as we can learn from our own experiences. We read Dickens because ...‎ The above reasons for reading Dickens may be fair. But these are not exactly the reasons why I read Dickens. My search for an answer continued until one day a ❽text_message (文本信息) ‎ came from a student of mine. “We still read Dickens's novels，” she wrote, “because they tell us why we are and what we are.” Simple as it was, that was the explanation I ❾had_sought (seek) for years.‎ Dickens shines a light on who we are during the best of times and worst of times. So go to ❿pick_up (拿起) one of his many novels, read it and enjoy what it has to tell you about yourself.‎ Ⅱ.片段选词填空 admiration， plot， modern American literature， refer to， the evils of society， in contrast， wonderfully humorous， be set in， leading character， society's limitation ‎ Hemingway once said that all ❶modern_American_literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. There was nothing before. There has been nothing as good since. Although he was ❷referring_to the famous sequel (续集) to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hemingway's ❸admiration for all Twain's children's books is evident.‎ The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is directed more towards adults than children. It has a darker view of the human condition and a greater emphasis on ❹the_evils_of_society. This book is written as a bitter condemn of slavery. ❺In_contrast,_The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is ❻wonderfully_humorous and lighthearted.‎ Twain is also wellknown for the historical novel, The Prirzce and the Pauper, which ❼is_set_in 16thcentury London. The ❽plot depends entirely on the intertwining (交织) of two stories.‎ Twain's books frequently involve completely different ❾leading_characters linked together by circumstances. For example, Tom Sawyer comes from a respectable society and Huckleberry Finn lives a poor life, but they become friends and both desire freedom from ❿society's_limitation.‎ 课下作业（三） 高考语篇提能练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·广西三市联考)You may be familiar with the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgettable experiences or give you some great inspiration?‎ ‎●Michael Dell, University of Texas at Austin And now you've accomplished something great and important here, and it's time for you to move on to what's next. And you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps ... You must also commit to the adventure. Just have faith in the skills and the knowledge you've been blessed with and go.‎ ‎●J.K.Rowling, Harvard University Half my lifetime ago, I was striking an uneasy balance between my ambition and the expectations from my parents who were not rich ... But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. The fact that you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you know little about failure. You might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.‎ ‎●Steve Jobs, Stanford University Sometimes life's going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith ... Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking, and don't settle.‎ ‎●Bill Gates, Harvard University We need as many people as possible to have access to the advanced technology to lead to a revolution in what human beings can do for one another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world's inequities (不公平) like hunger, poverty and so on.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四位世界著名人物的毕业演讲，包括迈克尔·戴尔、J.K.罗琳、史蒂夫·乔布斯和比尔·盖茨。‎ ‎1．What Michael Dell said is to urge us to ________.‎ A．listen to our heart B．learn from our mistakes C．follow others' example D．pursue our dreams 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第二段可知，迈克尔·戴尔认为毕业之时是继续前进的时候，鼓励人们勇于探索冒险，满怀信心，用自己的技能和知识继续前进；据此可以判断，迈克尔·戴尔鼓励人们追求自己的梦想，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．What did J．K. Rowling fear most when she was studying in university?‎ A．Failure.　　　　　　 B．Hunger.‎ C．Poverty. D．Parents' expectations.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure.”可知，J.K.罗琳在大学时最害怕的不是贫穷，而是失败，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．What does Bill Gates suggest people do?‎ A．Master as much advanced technology as possible.‎ B．Work together to solve some global problems.‎ C．Make a contribution to the environment.‎ D．Take responsibility for their own behavior.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，比尔·盖茨鼓励人们协同工作，一起解决全球的饥饿、贫穷等不公平问题，故B项正确。‎ B Facing increasing pressure to raise students' scores on standardized tests, schools are urging kids to work harder by offering them obvious encouragements. Happy Meals are at the low end of the scale. With the help of businesses, schools are also giving away cars, iPods, seats to basketball games, and — in a growing number of cases — cold, hard cash. The appeal of such programs is obvious, but the consequences of tying grades to goods are still uncertain. It's been a common tradition in middleclass families to reward top grades with cash as a way to teach that success in school leads to success in life. But for many disadvantaged minority children, the longterm benefits of getting an education are not so clear, according to experts.‎ No one knows for sure how well cash and other bigticket rewards work in education in the long run. But there are plenty of concerns that this kind of practice could have negative effects on kids. Virginia Shiller, a clinical psychologist, says that it's worth experimenting with cash encouragements but that tying them to success on a test is not a worthwhile goal. “I'd rather see rewards based on effort and responsibility — things that will lead to success in life，” she says.‎ Even if rewards don't lead to individual achievement on a test, they could have a meaningful effect in the school. Charles McVean, a businessman and philanthropist (慈善家), started a tutoring program which pays higherachieving students D|S10 an hour to tutor struggling classmates and divides them into teams. During the course of the year, students bond and compete. The team posting the highest math scores wins the top cash prize of D|S100. McVean calls the combination of peer (同龄人) tutoring, competition, and cash encouragements a recipe for “nothing less than magic”．‎ For its part, the Seminole County Public Schools system in Florida plans to continue its report card encouragement program through the rest of the school year. The local McDonald' s restaurants help the poor district by paying the D|S1,600 cost of printing the report card. Regina Klaers, the district spokeswoman, says most parents don't seem bothered by the Happy Meals rewards. “There are many ways we try to urge students to do well, and sometimes it's through the stomach, and sometimes it's the probability of students winning a car，” she says. “One size doesn't fit all.”‎ ‎4．According to the text, it is a common practice for schools to________.‎ A．offer free meals to students with high scores B．tie students' grades to material rewards C．educate students to form a business sense D．cooperate with business to improve teaching 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段第三句及其下一句中的“tying grades to goods”可推断出，将学生的成绩与物质奖励联系起来已成了学校的一个惯例。故选B。‎ ‎5．According to the text, the longterm results of giving students cash as rewards in education are ________.‎ A．negative B．optimistic C．uncertain D．disappointing 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，给学生现金作为奖励在教育中产生的长远结果还不确定。故选C。‎ ‎6．We can learn that in Seminole County ________.‎ A．there are various ways to inspire students to study hard B．many parents are not satisfied with the Happy Meals rewards C．the local McDonald's restaurants provide the rewards for poor students D．people are searching for a goodforall method to urge students to do well 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，Seminole County有各种各样鼓励学生努力学习的方法。故选A。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 John Carpenter didn't like to buy toys.He liked the fun of __1__ them himself. The thought that they were his own work __2__ him.‎ Tom, one of his playmates, thought a toy was worth nothing __3__ it cost a great deal of money. “Come and look at my horse，” said Tom, one day, “__4__ a dollar, and it is such a beauty！” John was soon __5__ his friend's horse, and he was examining it __6__ to see how it was made.The same evening he tried to make a __7__ one for himself. He went into the wood shed and __8__ two pieces of wood — one for the head of his horse, the other for the body.It took him two or three days to shape them to his __9__.But what about the wheels? This __10__ him.With great efforts, he finally got some __11__ pieces of wood which could suit his __12__.He ran to his friend Tom to show his great work.‎ ‎“You made it yourself! Oh, well, it's a good horse for you to make. But it is not as good as mine. Mine cost a __13__， and yours didn't cost anything，” said Tom.‎ ‎“It was real fun to make it, though，” said John, and away he ran with his horse __14__ after him.‎ Does it really cost nothing and all his efforts are __15__？ Of course not, I will tell you.John Carpenter now is a master workman, and will soon have a shop of his own.‎ 语篇解读：你是喜欢自己亲手制作玩具，还是花钱买玩具呢？很多人会觉得花钱买的才有价值。其实当你发现自己亲自动手制作玩具的乐趣时，你才能了解其真正的意义。‎ ‎1．A.collecting　　　　　　　　 B．making C．doing D．inventing 解析：选B　根据上一句“约翰不喜欢买别人做的玩具”可推知，约翰喜欢自己制作(making)玩具的那份快乐。‎ ‎2．A.concerned B．annoyed C．amazed D．delighted 解析：选D　根据上文“He liked the fun of __1___ them himself.”可知，他喜欢制作玩具的乐趣，可见这个自己制作玩具的想法让他非常高兴(delighted)。‎ ‎3．A.since B．in case C．unless D．as if 解析：选C　根据上下文可知，他的一个玩伴汤姆，认为除非(unless)花很多金钱买来的玩具，否则一文不值。‎ ‎4．A.used B．cost C．wasted D．needed 解析：选B　此处指马花了一美元。cost意为“花费”。‎ ‎5．A.searching B．feeling C．admiring D．attending 解析：选C　根据下文约翰仔细观察，研究如何做的，然后自己做了一匹马可知，当约翰看到他朋友的马，很快就欣赏(admiring)起这匹马来，看看是怎么做出来的。‎ ‎6．A.patiently B．casually C．willingly D．hurriedly 解析：选A　从空后的“to see how it was made”以及下文所做的玩具马可知，他耐心地(patiently)观察着。‎ ‎7．A.vivid B．common C．similar D．rare 解析：选C　根据上文可知，他非常喜欢汤姆的马，所以同一天晚上试着给自己做一个类似的(similar)马。‎ ‎8．A.picked out B．took up C．picked up D．came over 解析：选A　根据常识可知，他走进木棚，挑选(pick out)出两块木头，一块做马头，另一块做身体。‎ ‎9．A.surprise B．regret C．relief D．satisfaction 解析：选D　结合选项，再根据后文内容可推知，此处表示他花了两、三天时间才做出令他满意的(to his satisfaction)形状。‎ ‎10．A.excited B．cheered C．puzzled D．amused 解析：选C　根据前一句“But what about the wheels？”及后一句“With great efforts, he finally got some ...”可知，他不知用什么做轮子，因此这让他很困惑(puzzled)。‎ ‎11．A.flat B．rough C．sharp D．round 解析：选D　根据常识可知，轮子是圆形的，肯定要用圆的(round)木头。‎ ‎12．A.approach B．curiosity C．concern D．purpose 解析：选D　他挑选这几块圆木是为了满足他做轮子的意图(purpose)。‎ ‎13．A.pound B．bill C．note D．dollar 解析：选D　根据第4空后的“a dollar”可知，汤姆说他的马是花一美元买的。‎ ‎14．A.rolling B．slipping C．passing D．marching 解析：选A　约翰做的是有轮子的马，所以轮子是滚动(rolling)的。‎ ‎15．A.for sure B．in vain C．in order D．in case 解析：选B　根据空前“Does it really cost nothing(这真的没有什么价值吗？)”和空后的内容可判断这里是问“他所有的努力都白费了(in vain)吗”？‎