高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：必修3 Unit 2　Healthy eating 15页

Unit 2　Healthy eating Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．Mary has been on a________(节食) for weeks but still hasn’t lost any weight.‎ 答案：　diet ‎2．He pushed against that big stone with all his________(力气)．‎ 答案：　strength ‎3．There is a time________(限制)：you must finish it in 30 minutes.‎ 答案：　limit ‎4．The two men in the fight________(怒目而视) at each other.‎ 答案：　glared ‎5．You will________(受益) a lot from morning exercises.‎ 答案：　benefit ‎6．Don’t be particular about food.A________(平衡) diet is very important for health.‎ 答案：　balanced ‎7．The letter was not addressed to me but I opened it out of________(好奇)．‎ 答案：　curiosity ‎8．We aim to offer good value and service to all our________(顾客)．‎ 答案：　customers ‎9．He thought that crying was a sign of________(软弱)．‎ 答案：　weakness ‎10．I have________(查阅) a number of law books in the British Museums.‎ 答案：　consulted Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．a diet　　 平衡膳食 ‎2．lose 　　　 体重减轻；减肥 ‎3．get with　　　 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚 ‎4． one’s living　　　 谋生 ‎5．before 　　　 不久以后 ‎6．be of　　　 对……厌倦、厌烦 ‎7．win... 　　　 赢回；重新获得 ‎8． a lie　　　 说谎 ‎9．in 　　　 欠债 ‎10．cut 　　　 削减；删节 ‎11．put on 　　　 增加体重 balanced weight away earn long tired back tell debt down weight Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．再没有比这些更好吃的了。‎ ‎________ could be________.‎ 答案：　Nothing；better ‎2．他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ He could not ________ Yong Hui ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________！‎ 答案：　have；getting away with telling people lies ‎3．你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？‎ ‎________ ________ ________sit down and try a meal?‎ 答案：　Why don’t you ‎4．我的研究表明，你我两家所提供的都不是平衡膳食。‎ According to my research，________ your restaurant ________mine offers a balanced diet.‎ 答案：　neither；nor ‎5．他们的平衡膳食如此有效，不久王鹏变得苗条了，而咏慧也长肉了。‎ Their balanced diets became________a success________before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.‎ 答案：　such；that ‎6．我原来认为你是一位新顾客，现在我才知道你只是来打探我和我的菜谱的……‎ ‎________ ________you________a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu...‎ 答案：　I thought；were diet n．日常饮食；vt.& vi.节食；使实施饮食疗法 教材原句P9：Everybody has to eat，but do you eat a healthy diet?‎ 每个人都要吃饭，但你的饮食是健康的吗？‎ be/go on a diet节食 put sb.on a diet控制某人饮食 a balanced diet均衡饮食 ‎①Proper diet and exercise are both important for health.‎ 适当的饮食和锻炼对健康都很重要。‎ ‎②I really ought to go on a diet.I’ve put on so much weight since I gave up jogging.我真应该节食了。自从我放弃慢跑后，我的体重已经增加了这么多。‎ ‎③The doctor put him on a diet after operation.‎ 手术之后，医生规定了他的饮食。‎ ‎④No sugar in my coffee，please.I’m dieting.‎ 请不要给我的咖啡放糖，我在节食。‎ ‎1.完成句子 ‎—Would you like some more chicken?‎ ‎—No，thanks.I am________________(正在节食) and I’m trying to______________(减肥)．‎ 答案：　on a diet；lose weight balance n．天平，平衡；结余；余额；v.平衡，权衡 教材原句P9：What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet.假如你的饮食不均衡会怎么样？‎ ‎①Try to achieve a better balance between work and play.‎ 争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。‎ ‎②He lost his balance and hurt himself when he went upstairs.‎ 他上楼时失去了平衡，摔伤了自己。‎ ‎③Many people have come to realize that they should go on a balanced diet.许多人开始认识到他们应该均衡饮食。‎ ‎④You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。‎ ‎2.完成句子 ‎(1)It’s very important to ____________________(保持大自然平衡)．However，at times it is disturbed，resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.‎ ‎(2)I think it’s important to__________________(保持平衡) study and a social life，so I’m going to join a few clubs.‎ 答案：　(1)keep the balance of nature　(2)have a balance between curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 教材原句P10：Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.‎ 好奇心驱使王鹏走了进去。‎ ‎①There are some people who show great curiosity about other people’s affairs.有些人就是特别喜欢打听别人的事。‎ ‎②Just out of curiosity，how much did you pay for your car?‎ 我只是出于好奇，请问你这辆车花了多少钱？‎ ‎③Children are naturally curious about everything around them.‎ 孩子们对周围的事物感到好奇是自然的。‎ ‎④It is curious that he should have failed to win the race.‎ 他竟然没赢得比赛，真是奇怪。‎ ‎3.(2010·天津卷)People have always been________about exactly how life on earth began.‎ A．curious　 B．excited C．anxious　　　 D．careful 解析：　句意为：人们一直对世界上的生命起源非常好奇。形容词短语搭配be curious about 对……好奇；excited兴奋的；anxious 焦虑的；careful 认真的。‎ 答案：　A limit vt.限制；限定；n.界限；限度 教材原句P14：I don’t want to upset you，but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我餐馆的食物的好处。‎ ‎①I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.‎ 我认为教学不应该局限在教室里。‎ ‎②The amount of money you have to spend will limit your choice.‎ 你要消费的金额限制着你的选择。‎ ‎③In my opinion，you had better set a limit to the expense of your trip.在我看来，你们最好给这次旅行的费用定一个限度。‎ ‎④This technique is useful but it has its limitations.‎ 这种技术实用但也有局限性。‎ ‎4.In my opinion，keeping dogs should not be banned，but________to certain areas.‎ A．limited　　　 B．limiting C．to limit　　　 D．to be limited 解析：　句意为：在我看来，不应该禁止养狗，但要限制在某些特定的区域。but后的句子补充完整为：but keeping dogs should be limited to certain areas。‎ 答案：　A strength n．[U] 力量，体力；n.[C] 长处，强项 教材原句P11：The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it provided plenty of energygiving food.‎ 王鹏餐馆的饮食优点在于它能提供含有足够热量的食物。‎ build up one’s strength增强实力 strengthen vt.加强，增强 ‎①Each of us has our own strengths and weaknesses.‎ 我们每个人都有自己的强项和弱项。‎ ‎②When we think of leadship，we often think of strength and power.‎ 一想到领导才能，我们通常会想到实力和权力。‎ ‎③He hasn’t got enough strength to lift the box.‎ 他没有足够的力气搬起那个箱子。‎ ‎④Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.‎ 我们的友谊逐年加深。‎ ‎5.(浙江高考)Practising Chinese kung fu can not only________one’s strength，but also develop one’s character.‎ A．bring up　　　 B．take up C．build up　　　 D．pull up 解析：　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。build up one’s strength增强体力，符合题意。bring up提出，养育；take up占去，继续；pull up(使)停下(住)。‎ 答案：　C benefit vt.使……受益，得益；n.好处，利益；优势 ‎①We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone.我们应该把这笔钱花在大家都能得益的事上。‎ ‎②I am sure that everyone will benefit a lot from this activity.‎ 我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。‎ ‎③Fresh air and good food are beneficial to the health.‎ 新鲜空气和好的食物有益于健康。‎ ‎④Plenty of exercise every day is of great benefit to our health.‎ 每天做些适量运动对健康很有好处。‎ ‎⑤The warning sign was put there for the benefit of the public.‎ 警示牌放在那里是为了公众的利益。‎ ‎6.完成句子 ‎(1)Many thousands of patients ____________________(受益于这种新的治疗) and recovered quickly.‎ ‎(2)A large sum of money has been raised__________________(为了……的利益) the poorlyeducated children in the mountainous districts.‎ 答案：　(1)have benefited from this new treatment　(2)for the benefit of get away with被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚 教材原句P10：He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！‎ ‎①If you cheat in the exam，you’ll never get away with it.‎ 考试作弊必予追究。‎ ‎②For such a serious mistake he was lucky to get away with a fine.他犯了那么严重的过失，却侥幸只交罚款了事。‎ get across (使)被理解，(把……)讲清楚 get away (from)(从)……脱离，逃脱……‎ get rid of摆脱；除掉 get down to (doing) sth.开始认真地做某事 get in touch with与……取得联系 get on/along well with...与……相处得好，进展顺利 get over爬过……；克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来 get through完成；花光(时间、钱等)；通过；接通电话 ‎③If we can get over present difficulties，then everything should be all right.‎ 如果我们克服了目前的困难，那么一切都应该好起来。‎ ‎④They have a lot in common，so they get along well with each other.‎ 他们有许多共同之处，因此他们相处很好。‎ ‎⑤I called all day yesterday，but I couldn’t get through to you.‎ 昨天我打了一天电话，但是都没办法联络到你。‎ ‎7.The child should be punished.You shouldn’t let him________telling lies.‎ A．keep away from　　　 B．keep away with C．get away from　　　 D．get away with 解析：　keep away from远离；get away from逃离；get away with侥幸成功；逃脱处罚。句意为：这孩子应受到惩罚。他撒谎你不应该不惩罚他。‎ 答案：　D ‎8．(2011·浙江温州十校联合体联考)I used to quarrel a lot with my parents，but now we________fine.‎ A．get over　　　 B．stay up C．get away from　　　 D．get along 解析：　根据前面的“争吵”和转折词but判断，此处意为“现在我们相处得很好”。get along (with sb.)(与某人)相处。‎ 答案：　D in debt负债 教材原句P14：He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.‎ 他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。‎ be in heavy debt负债累累 be in debt to sb.欠某人债 be in sb.’s debt感激某人；欠某人的情 pay off all the debts还清债务(动作)‎ be out of debt不欠债(状态)‎ get/run into debt陷入债务 ‎①Today，many developing countries are heavily in debt.‎ 如今，许多发展中国家负债累累。‎ ‎②Being out of debt makes Tom a light mood.‎ 还清了债务使得汤姆心情放松。‎ ‎③The couple worked hard day and night in order to pay off all their debts.‎ 为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。‎ ‎④You saved my life；I am forever in your debt.‎ 你救了我的命；我永远感恩不尽。‎ ‎⑤We were poor but we never got into debt.‎ 我们虽穷却从不负债。‎ ‎9.完成句子 This country__________________(负债) for a year because of the financial crisis.Now things have improved a little.‎ 答案：　has been in debt cut down削减；删节 教材原句P15：In this way，they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.‎ 这样，他们减少了饭菜中的脂肪含量，增加了纤维素。‎ ‎①The doctor advised the patient to cut down smoking.‎ 医生建议病人少吸烟。‎ ‎②Our money is running out.We should cut down expenses.‎ 我们的钱快花完了，我们应该削减开支。‎ cut in插话，让某人分享利润 cut up切碎；齐根切掉 cut out删除 cut off切断，中止 ‎③It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking.孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。‎ ‎④Because of the terrible earthquake，the electricity of the city has been cut off.由于可怕的地震，城市里的供电被中断了。‎ ‎10.(2010·安徽省重点中学高三检测)I was just talking to my old friend when Mary________.‎ A．cut in　　　 B．cut down C．cut out　　　 D．cut up 解析：　cut in插话。可根据talking to my old friend得出答案。‎ 答案：　A ‎11．Our teacher advised you to________the article that is too long so as to make it fit the space.‎ A．cut away　　　 B．cut through C．cut up　　　 D．cut down 解析：　根据too long和fit the space可知应选D项。cut down削减，删节。cut away切去，走开；cut through抄近路通过；cut up切碎。‎ 答案：　D He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ ‎(1)have sb.doing意为“允许某人做某事”时，常用于否定句 ‎　中；意为“使某人做某事”时，多用于肯定句中。‎ ‎(2)have sb.do让某人做某事 ‎(3)have sth.done遭遇不幸；让别人做某事；完成某事 ‎(4)have sth.to do有事情要做 ‎①I can’t have you speaking to your mother in a rude manner.You must apologize to her immediately.我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。‎ ‎②The teacher had his students reading English for half an hour.‎ 这位老师让他的学生读了半个小时的英语。‎ ‎③Don’t be worried.I’ll have Tom help you finish the work.‎ 别担心，我要让汤姆帮你完成工作。‎ ‎④—Can you go to watch the football match with me tonight?‎ ‎——今天晚上你和我一起去看足球赛好吗？‎ ‎—Sorry，but I have an important meeting to attend.‎ ‎——对不起，我有个重要的会议要参加。‎ ‎⑤I had my watch repaired because it didn’t work.‎ 我的手表坏了，所以请人修了。‎ ‎⑥The woman had her handbag robbed yesterday.‎ 昨天，这个妇女的手提包被抢了。‎ ‎12.(2010·山东卷)I have a lot of readings________before the end of this term.‎ A．completing　　　B．to complete C．completed　　　D．being completed 解析：　句意为：本学期结束前我有许多阅读要完成。考查非谓语动词作定语。have sth.to do有某事要做，to do的逻辑主语需和主句主语一致；当不定式的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，可用have sth.to be done结构。‎ 答案：　B Nothing could be better.‎ 没有比这些更好的了。‎ ‎(1)形容词的比较级与否定代词nothing连用，表达最高级 的含义。有此用法的常用否定词：no，not，never，hardly，‎ nothing，nobody等。‎ ‎(2)表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：‎ ‎①never＋比较级 ‎②nothing/no＋so＋原级＋as...‎ nothing/no＋比较级＋than...‎ ‎③can/could＋never/not＋enough/too ‎①It was not until then that I suddenly realized noboy was happier than I was.直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。‎ ‎②Nothing in my life shook me so deeply as the first visit to China.‎ 在我的一生中给我震撼最大的是第一次到中国参观。‎ ‎③You can never be too careful.你再怎么小心也不过分。‎ ‎④—Did you sleep well last night？你昨夜睡得好吗？‎ ‎—Never better，like a log.从没这么好过，睡得很死。‎ ‎⑤Nothing is more precious than health.‎ 健康的身体是最宝贵的。‎ ‎13.(2011·安徽示范性高中联考二)—Did you have a good night’s sleep，sir?‎ ‎—Oh，exactly.It was such a comfortable bed.I could never have________sleep.‎ A．a good　　　 B．the best C．a better　　　 D．a best 解析：　考查形容词的比较级。从语意看，说话人表示“从来没有睡得这样好”，“a(n)＋形容词的比较级＋名词”用在否定句中表示最高级的含义。‎ 答案：　C ‎14．(2010·北京海淀模拟)—Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Winter Olympic Games.‎ ‎—Yes.No one could perform________，I think.‎ A．well　　　 B．better C．best　　　 D．the best 解析：　句意为：——我们的女运动员在温哥华冬奥会上取得了巨大的成就。——是的。我想，没人比她们表现更精彩了。此处用“否定形式＋比较级”表达“没人比……更……，最……”之意。‎ 答案：　B Ⅰ.选词填空 spy on；throw it away；get away with；earn one’s living；win back；tell a lie；in debt；cut down ‎1．He didn’t________________________stealing and was put into prison.‎ 答案：　get away with ‎2．He has been heavily ________________because of his sister’s illness.‎ 答案：　in debt ‎3．Being unable to speak English，he found it hard to________________________in Canada.‎ 答案：　earn his living ‎4．Never think you will not be found out when you______________________.‎ 答案：　tell a lie ‎5．He was sent to________________the enemy’s military bases during the war.‎ 答案：　spy on ‎6．—Are you sure these measures can________________ on the number of traffic accidents?‎ ‎—Yes，I am.‎ 答案：　cut down ‎7．This is the best chance for you to go abroad.Don’t ______________________.‎ 答案：　throw it away ‎8．The seventeenyearold girl is determined to________________the gold medal in four years.‎ 答案：　win back Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1．(2009·重庆卷)With the world changing fast，we have something new________with all by ourselves every day.‎ A．deal 　　　 B．dealt C．to deal 　　　 D．dealing 解析：　 句意为：随着世界的快速变化，我们每天都有新的问题要独自处理。本题考查的是不定式作定语，have something to do，动词do逻辑上的主语是we，也就是句子的主语。‎ 答案：　C ‎2．(2010·东城练习二)Every year，Tom remembers to have some flowers________to her mother on her birthday.‎ A．send　　　 B．sent C．sending　　　 D．being sent 解析：　本题考查非谓语动词。have something done表示某事被做。‎ 答案：　B ‎3．—Excuse me sir，where is Room 301?‎ ‎—Just a minute.I’ll have Bob________you to your room.‎ A．show　　　 B．shows C．to show　　　 D．showing 解析：　此题考查动词have的用法。have sb.do sth.命令或安排某人做某事。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．—Has John repaired his washing machine?‎ ‎—He had it________，because he was so busy.‎ A．to repaired　　 B．repair C．repaired　　　 D．to be repairing 解析：　句意为：约翰修好他的洗衣机了吗？——他让别人修的，因为他太忙了。have sth.done让某事被做。‎ 答案：　C ‎5．(上海春招)If we have illegal immigrants________in，many local workers will lose their jobs.‎ A．came　　　 B．coming C．to come　　　 D．having come 解析：　考查have的用法。句意为：如果我们让非法移民不断涌入，很多当地工人就会失业。此处是have sb.doing sth.结构，表示“让某人一直做某事”。‎ 答案：　B Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——情态动词(Ⅱ)‎ ‎1．(2011·河北唐山模拟)—What do you think of the film Avatar?‎ ‎—It________be better.I even want to see it twice.‎ A．won’t　　　 B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t　　　 D．mightn’t 解析：　考查情态动词。句意为：——你觉得电影《阿凡达》怎么样？——再好不过了，我甚至想看第二次。can’t/couldn’t与比较级连用，表示“再也没有更……的了”。类似的用法还有“I couldn’t agree more.(我完全同意。)”‎ 答案：　B ‎2．(2011·东北三校联合模拟)—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?‎ ‎—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation，you ________have one as a reward.‎ A．must　　　 B．need C．would　　　 D．shall 解析：　考查情态动词。shall用于第一、三人称问句中表示征询对方意见；shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中，表示“警告、许诺、命令、威胁”等语气。答句句意：如果你整个假期能够帮助洗盘子的话，就会得到一个MP5作为回报。shall表示允诺。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．(2011·江西南昌模拟)The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.You ________the trouble to carry your raincoat with you.‎ A．should have taken　　　 B．could have taken C．needn’t have taken　　　 D．mustn’t have taken 解析：　should have done本应做某事，但却没做；could have done可能做了某事；needn’t have done没有必要做某事，但却做了。根据句意C项最佳。must表推测时不能用在否定句中。句意为：昨天天气很好，你本来不必费力带着雨衣的。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．(2011·石家庄高中毕业班教学质检)—John looks a bit upset.Did you tell him the bad news?‎ ‎—Yes，but I________him after his birthday party.‎ A．should have told　　　 B．must have told C．shouldn’t have told　　　 D．needn’t have told 解析：　考查“情态动词＋完成式”的用法。约翰看起来有点难过，因此“我本应该在他生日聚会之后再告诉他这个坏消息的”。should have done本该做某事(但是没有做)；shouldn’t have done本不该做但却做了。‎ 答案：　A ‎5．(2010·东城检测)—The traffic is heavy now，so Mike________come late.‎ ‎—Let’s wait ten more minutes.‎ A．can　　　 B．need C．may　　　 D．shall 解析：　考查情态动词的用法。句意为：——现在交通繁忙，所以Mike可能会迟到。——那让我们再等10分钟吧。此处may表示“(有可能但不肯定)也许，可能”；can能够；need需要；shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示“警告、命令、威胁”等语气。‎ 答案：　C