高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：选修6 Unit 3 A healthy life 14页

Unit 3 A healthy life Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 ‎1． n．& vt.　 滥用；虐待 ‎2． n．& vt. 压力；重音；加压力于；使紧张 ‎3． vt.&. 禁止；取缔；禁令；谴责 ‎4． adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的 ‎5． adj. 困难的；强硬的 ‎6． adj. 入了迷的；上了瘾的 abuse stress ban due tough addicted ‎7． vt. 使习惯于 ‎8． adj. 惯常的；习惯了的 ‎9． adv. 无意识地；自动地 ‎10． adj. 精神的；智力的 ‎11． vt. 停止(做某事)；离开 ‎12． n. 结果；效力 ‎13． adj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的 ‎14． adj. 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的 accustom accustomed automatically mental quit effect breathless unfit ‎15． vt.& vi. 加强；巩固；使坚强；变强 ‎16． adj. 绝望的；拼命的 ‎17． adj. 失望的；沮丧的 ‎18． adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的 ‎19． adj. 不合法的；违法的 ‎20． n. 幸存；幸存者 ‎21． n. 看法；判决；判断 ‎22． adj. 尴尬的；陷入困境的 strengthen desperate disappointed ashamed illegal survival judgement embarrassed Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1． to 由于……‎ ‎2．be to 习惯于……‎ ‎3．feel (doing) 想要(做)……‎ ‎4． risks/a risk 冒险 ‎5． risk 处境危险；遭受危险 ‎6．be to 对……有瘾 ‎7． on 对……作出决定 ‎8．in of 不顾；不管 due accustomed like take at addicted decide spite ‎9．get 陷入；染上(坏习惯)‎ ‎10． is 也就是说 ‎11．reach for 接触；够着 ‎12．go a diet 节食 into that out on Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.‎ ‎[信息提取]　此句式为as＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as...‎ ‎[例句仿写]　我买不起像他的一样昂贵的小汽车。‎ I can’t________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　afford as expensive a car as his ‎2．I didn’t know，for example，that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.‎ ‎[信息提取]　在句中do damage to为一固定表达，意为“对……造成损害”“使……受到损害”，其中的to为介词。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　暴风雨对庄稼造成了巨大的损失。‎ The storm________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________the crop.‎ ‎【答案】　did a lot of damage to ‎3．If you start to feel nervous or stressed，don’t reach for a cigarette.‎ ‎[信息提取]　句中reach for意为“伸出手；伸长”，通常与out连用。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　那个乞丐伸出手来讨钱。‎ The beggar________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　reached out his hand for money ‎4．HIV weakens a person’s immune system；that is，the part of the body that fights disease.‎ ‎[信息提取]　that is为副词短语，“也就是说，换句话说”，相当于namely或that is to say。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　你做得很好，也就是说，我对你很满意。‎ You did well，________ ________，________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　that is；I’m satisfied with you effect n．结果；效力 His new way of teaching produced a good effect.‎ 他的新教学法产生了良好的效果。‎ My advice didn’t have much effect on him.‎ 我的劝告对他没什么效果。‎ ‎(1)have an effect on/upon对……有效，对……产生影响 ‎(2)put/bring sth.into effect实施，实行，使生效 ‎(3)come into effect/take effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施 ‎(4)take effect生效；奏效 ‎(5)of no effect没有效果的；没有影响的 ‎(6)side effect副作用 Punishment had very little effect on them.‎ 惩罚对他们没有什么效果。‎ The new law will come into effect next month.‎ 这项新法律下个月生效。‎ They decided to bring the plan into effect as soon as possible.‎ 他们决心尽快实施这项计划。‎ ‎1．Usually what the teacher says will have a deep________on a child.‎ A．mark　　　　　　　B．effect C．satisfaction D．expression ‎【解析】　have a deep effect on对……产生深远影响，本题考查短语中的介词搭配。‎ ‎【答案】　B stress ‎(1)n.重压，逼迫，压力；重音；重点 Jane’s been under a lot of stress since her mother’s illness.‎ 自从母亲病倒后，简一直忧心忡忡。‎ Stress should be put on the prevention of diseases.‎ 疾病应以预防为主。‎ ‎(2)vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读 He stressed the importance of a good education.‎ 他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。‎ He was feeling very stressed and tired.他感到心力交瘁。‎ ‎2．Cooperation or teamwork，the importance of which is often________，plays an important part in football matches.‎ A．stressed B．laid stress C．paid much attention D．talked ‎【解析】　本题考查动词和动词短语的区别。句意为：合作或团队协作在足球比赛中起着很重要的作用，其重要性经常被强调。stress the importance of...强调……的重要性。‎ ‎【答案】　A accustomed adj.习惯的，通常的 I’m not accustomed to getting up so early to do morning exercises.我不习惯这么早起床进行晨练。‎ You will soon get accustomed to the job.‎ 你将会很快习惯这个工作。‎ accustom vt.使习惯于，养成习惯 accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.‎ 使某人/自己习惯做某事 He quickly accustomed himself to/became accustomed to the new way of life.他很快适应了这种新的生活方式。‎ She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early.‎ 她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起的习惯。‎ ‎3．(2008年江苏卷)—They are quiet，aren’t they?‎ ‎—Yes.They are accustomed________at meals.‎ A．to talk B．to not talk C．to talking D．to not talking ‎【解析】　本题考查固定搭配。be accustomed to习惯于，为固定短语。其中的to为介词，后接名词，相当于名词的词或短语，动名词。句意为：——他们很安静，不是吗？——是的，他们习惯于在吃饭的时候不说话。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎4．(2005年上海春)Accustomed to________the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top.‎ A．climbing B．climb C．having climbed D．have climbed ‎【解析】　to为介词，后跟动词ing形式，不能跟现在分词的完成式，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】　A ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的 She feels ashamed of having failed in the examination.‎ 她因考试不及格而感到羞愧。‎ I felt ashamed to ask for help.我不好意思寻求帮助。‎ shame n．羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事 shameful adj.不体面的 shameless adj.不知羞耻的 It is a shame that you can’t stay with us.‎ 你不能留下来和我们在一起，真是太遗憾了。‎ ‎5．The instructor asked us to list anything in our past that we felt________of，regretted and read our lists aloud.‎ A．ashamed B．afraid C．sure D．proud ‎【解析】　由regret可知，前面的意思应是“惭愧”。ashamed惭愧的，羞愧的。B项“害怕”；C项“确信的”；D项“骄傲的”。‎ ‎【答案】　A risk ‎(1)n.危险，风险 他冒着生命危险救了我。‎ I wouldn’t run the risk of being late for work.‎ 我不会冒迟到的危险的。‎ ‎(2)v.使冒险；冒……风险 When children start smoking，they don’t realize that they’re risking their health.‎ 小孩开始抽烟时，并没有意识到是在拿自己的健康去冒险。‎ The brave man risked his life in trying to save the boy.‎ 这位勇士冒着生命危险去救这个孩子。‎ ‎6．He got wellprepared for the job interview，for he couldn’t risk________the good opportunity.‎ A．to lose B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost ‎【解析】　risk后接动词ing作宾语；主语he和lose之间是主动关系。‎ ‎【答案】　B due to由于……，因为……‎ ‎①The meeting is due to start until three.‎ 会议预定到3点钟才开始。‎ ‎②The accident is due to your careless driving.‎ 那次意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。‎ ‎③The electricity bill is due to be paid.电费到期应付了。‎ ‎④I’m due for a pay rise soon.不久就该给我加工资了。‎ ‎(1)because of因为(较口语化)‎ ‎(2)owing to因为(较正式)‎ ‎(3)thanks to因为，多亏了 ‎(4)as a result of因为 ‎(5)on account of由于 ‎⑤Owing to our joint efforts，the task was fulfilled ahead of time.‎ 由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了。‎ ‎⑥He refused to call off the game simply because of the rain.‎ 他拒绝仅仅因为下雨就取消比赛。‎ ‎7．—Did you look up the time of trains to Shanghai?‎ ‎—Yes，the early train is________to leave at 5∶30 a．m..‎ A．likely B．about C．possible D．due ‎【解析】　句意为：“你查过到上海的火车的时间吗？”“查了，早班车预定早上5∶30发车。”be due to预定，预期做。火车发车的时间应是确定的，不能用A项；be about to do马上要做……；C项，无论从句意还是用法上都不对，possible的主语只能用it。‎ ‎【答案】　D get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)‎ He had gotten into the habit of walking home from the school.‎ 他养成了从学校到家步行的习惯。‎ He got himself into the habit of smoking.‎ 他染上了吸烟的习惯。‎ get along进展；相处 get away逃脱；离开 get down to认真工作 get over爬过；越过；克服困难；痊愈 get through穿越(马路)；通过；接通电话；经历 The three men got away in stolen car.‎ 那三人乘坐一辆偷来的汽车逃跑了。‎ As far as I know，he is hard to get along with.‎ 据我所知，他很难相处。‎ ‎8．—Are you ready to leave?‎ ‎—Almost，I’ll be ready to go as soon as I________putting the clean dishes away.‎ A．get through B．give up C．go on D．set about ‎【解析】　get through完成，接通电话，经历；give up放弃；go on继续；set about开始，着手做。句意为：“你要离开吗？”“马上，我把盘子放好就走。”‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎9．—Many students are________smoking.‎ ‎—Yes，we must do something to keep others________.‎ A．in the habit of；from falling into the habit B．having the habit of；getting into the habit C．in habit of；from getting out of the habit of D．in the habit of；getting into it ‎【解析】　be in the habit of意为“有……的习惯”，表示状态；have the habit of也可以表示状态，但不可以用于进行时态中；fall into the habit of意为“沾染上……的习惯”；keep...from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，其中的介词from不能省略。综上所述，此题答案为A。‎ ‎【答案】　A be/become/get addicted to对……上瘾的；对……痴迷的 My children have become/been addicted to television.‎ 我的几个孩子都成了电视迷。‎ We are firmly opposed to helping the young man addicted to alcohol.我们坚决反对帮助那个酗酒成瘾的年青人。‎ Many kids are now addicted to computer games.‎ 现在许多孩子沉迷于电脑游戏。‎ addict n．沉湎于不良嗜好的人(尤指吸毒者)‎ addiction n．沉湎，成瘾 addictive adj.使人上瘾的 ‎10．________to computer games，the boy has lost all interest in his lessons.‎ A．Addicted B．Having addicted C．Addicting D．Addict ‎【解析】　addict为及物动词，be addicted to表示“沉溺于……”之意。该题应使用过去分词短语addicted to...在句中作原因状语。‎ ‎【答案】　A I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.‎ 我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样健康长寿。‎ as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...和……一样……‎ I have read as interesting a book as you have read.‎ 我读的书和你读的书一样有趣。‎ The man hopes to live as simple a life as his grandpa.‎ 这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。‎ I can’t afford as expensive a car as his.‎ 我买不起像他的一样昂贵的小汽车。‎ so＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋that...如此……以至于 ‎(not) so＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as...和……一样……‎ too＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋to do...太……而不能……‎ This is so difficult a problem that no one can work it out.‎ 这道题太难，没人能解答出来。‎ It is too high a price for us to pay.‎ 这个价格太高，我们付不起。‎ ‎11．Sarah is so sweet but________girl to speak out in public.‎ A．the too shy B．too shy a C．too shy the D．too a shy ‎【解析】　考查句型“so/too/how/as＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词”，本题中为“so sweet a girl but too shy a girl”。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎12．Bill is a good man，kind and diligent.Don’t be too hard on him.He’s doing the job________.‎ A．as good as he can B．as well as he could C．as well as he can D．as best as he could ‎【解析】　考查as...as结构的用法。根据时态一致，可排除B、D两项；再根据good修饰名词，well修饰动词、形容词、副词等，而句中要修饰do，可排除A项，故答案为C。‎ ‎【答案】　C Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．He was represented with an award for saving a woman at the ________(冒险) of his own life.‎ ‎【答案】　risk ‎2．To my disappointment，he________(滥用) my confidence.‎ ‎【答案】　abused ‎3．I am________(对……感到惭愧) that I can’t work it out.‎ ‎【答案】　ashamed ‎4．He is a heavy smoker.He can smoke a packet of________(香烟) a day.‎ ‎【答案】　cigarettes ‎5．Most parents pay attention to children’s________(智力的) development.‎ ‎【答案】　mental Ⅱ.选词填空 in spite of；decide on；get accustomed to；at risk；become addicted to ‎1．Have you________________a date for the wedding?‎ ‎【答案】　decided on ‎2．The disease is spreading，and all young children are________________.‎ ‎【答案】　at risk ‎3．It doesn’t take long to________________________these drugs.‎ ‎【答案】　become addicted to ‎4．It will be a long time before you________________________the local food.‎ ‎【答案】　get accustomed to ‎5．________________________all kinds of difficulties，I succeeded in finishing the job all by myself.‎ ‎【答案】　In spite of Ⅲ.巧思妙解 ‎1．The book has received lots of criticism.However，________________________________________________________________________‎ sales，it is quite a hit.‎ A．on the basis of B．by means of C．in spite of D．in terms of ‎【解析】　本句意为“这本书受到很多批评。但在销售方面，相当成功”。 in terms of就……来说，从……角度；on the basis of以……为基础；by means of用……办法，借助；in spite of尽管，即使。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎2．(2009年南京质检)The job is great________salary.It has its disadvantages，though.‎ A．in case of B．as a result of C．in terms of D．except for ‎【解析】　考查介词短语。in terms of表示“用……的话，根据，按照，在……方面”的意思。句意为“在薪水方面这是个好活，尽管还有不足”。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎3．________your advice，I would have been caught in the traffic and I wouldn’t have been there on time.‎ A．In spite of B．But for C．Because of D．As for ‎【解析】　句意为：要不是因为你的建议，我就会遇上交通堵塞，那样，我就不会按时到那里了。in spite of尽管；but for要不是；because of由于，因为；as for至于，就……而论。只有but for可以表示含蓄虚拟。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎4．He always did well at school________having to do parttime jobs every now and then.‎ A．in spite of B．regardless of C．on account of D．in case of ‎【解析】　in spite of尽管；regardless of不考虑；on account of因为；in case of如果，万一。句意为：尽管不时地做些兼职的工作，他成绩一向不错。‎ ‎【答案】　A Ⅳ.语法专练 本单元语法—it的用法(Ⅰ)‎ ‎1．________has been said before，it is not easy to learn English well.‎ A．As B．It C．What D．As it ‎【解析】　as表示“正如”，引导非限制性定语从句，代替后面整个主句的意思。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎2．Bill is good at playing football，but when ________comes to basketball，he knows nothing.‎ A．he B．that C．this D．it ‎【解析】　when it comes to sth.当说到/涉及……的时候，是一个固定句型。句意为：比尔擅长踢足球，但是说到篮球，他就一无所知了。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎3．I hate________when people talk with their mouths full.‎ A．it B．that C．these D．them ‎【解析】　it为虚指用法，代指后句的情况。常用在表心理状态的like，hate，appreciate等词后。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎4．—Do you think________worthwhile to go all the way to Beijing to buy that computer?‎ ‎—Well，I’m going to visit the Bird’s Nest and the Water Cube.‎ A．it B．/‎ C．this D．that ‎【解析】　考查代词。本句中it用做形式宾语，代替后面的不定式短语。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎5．—Did you pass your driving test?‎ ‎—Yes.Even I myself didn’t believe I could make________.‎ A．that B．it C．myself D．them ‎【解析】　make it意为“办到，成功”。it为代词，指代上文的内容。‎ ‎【答案】　B