【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2TheOlympicGames单元学案（22页word版） 22页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit 2The Olympic Games单元学案 ‎ ‎ ‎【一】单元基础词汇语法知识梳理 高频词汇 ‎1．Several graduates____________(竞争)for the post，but Jack was the one who got hired.‎ ‎2．I’m short of money，and can’t afford a new car to ____________(取代)my old one.‎ ‎3. He____________(要价)me $1.50 for repairing the watch，which was too much.‎ ‎4．We got the tickets to the show at half price.They were real____________(便宜货)．‎ ‎5．We’re not going to give each of them a medal；not all of them____________(值得)one.‎ ‎6．To help ease the____________(疼痛)，apply heat to the area with a hotwater bottle.‎ ‎7．Which country is the____________(举办国)of the next Olympic Games?‎ ‎8．____________are a good way to sell products or improve services.In order to promote our products，we plan to____________them in the local newspaper.(advertise)‎ ‎9．You have grown up and you need to take____________for your ‎ actions.In my opinion，it is you rather than he should be____________for the accident.(responsible)‎ ‎10．Whoever wants to go hiking must be____________strong.To keep fit，we should often take part in____________exercise.(physical)‎ ‎11．____________to college is by examination only.Today I got a letter that said，I had been____________to Beijing University.(admit)‎ ‎1.competed　2.replace　3.charged　4.bargains　5.deserve　6.pain　7.host　8.Advertisements；advertise 9.responsibility；responsible　10.physically；physical,11.Admission；admitted 高频短语 ‎1．________________ 参加；参与 ‎2．________________ 代表；象征；表示 ‎3．________________ 也；还 ‎4．________________ 主管；看管 ‎5．________________ 做交易 ‎6．________________ 拾起；接收；搭车；加速 ‎7．________________ 计算出；设计出；解决；结果；锻炼 ‎8．________________ 陆续地；一个接一个地 ‎9．________________ 除了 ‎1.take part in　2.stand for　3.as well　4.in charge 5.make a bargain　6.pick up　7.work out　8.one after another　9.apart from 重点句式 ‎1．Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event ____________competitors.‎ 只有达到他们各自项目规定水平的运动员才被允许参加比赛。‎ ‎2．No other countries could join in，____________slaves or women!‎ 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！‎ ‎3．Women are____________，________play a very important role in gymnastics，athletics，team sports and...‎ 妇女们不但被允许参加，而且还在体操、竞技、团体运动等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用。‎ ‎4．There’s____________much competition among countries to host the Olympics____________to win Olympic medals.‎ 国与国之间争取奥运会举办权的竞争，就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。‎ ‎5．I lived in ____________ you call “Ancient Greece” and I ____________ write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.‎ 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我先前经常写有关很多年前奥运会的情况。‎ ‎1.will be admitted as　2.nor could　3.not only allowed；but　4.as；as　5.what；used to 知识详解 ‎1.compete　vi.　比赛；竞争 ‎(回归课本P9)How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games?‎ 有多少国家参加古代奥运会？‎ ‎ [归纳拓展]‎ ‎①We can’t compete with them on price.‎ 我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。‎ ‎②Zhang Yining and Wang Nan competed in the 29th Olympic Games.‎ 张怡宁和王楠参加了第29届奥运会。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎③Young children will usually compete for their mother’s attention.‎ 小孩子通常都会在母亲面前争宠。‎ ‎④Nobody can entirely keep away from this competitive world.‎ 没有人能够完全远离这个竞争的社会。‎ ‎【高效记忆】‎ 比赛(compete)‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎1．A lot of competitors from the world will go to London to compete ________ each other________medals in 2012.‎ A．for；against　　　　B．against；with C．with；for D．for；with 解析：选C。句意：在2012年，世界各地的许多运动员将会去伦敦为争夺奖牌而竞争。compete with/against sb.for sth.为争夺某物与某人竞争，所以第一空可填against或with，而第二空只能填for。‎ ‎2.admit　vt.& vi.　容许；承认；接纳；容纳 ‎(回归课本P10)Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.‎ 只有达到他们各自项目规定水平的运动员才被允许参加比赛。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎2．If you leave the club，you will not be________back in.‎ A．received　　　　　　　 B．admitted C．turned D．moved 解析：选B。句意：如果你离开俱乐部，你将不会被允许返回。admit准许进(加)入。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎3.replace　vt.　取代；替换；把……放回原处 ‎(回归课本P10)So even the olive wreath has been replaced!‎ 这么说连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks.‎ 不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。‎ ‎②John is ill and I want to know who is going to replace him.‎ 约翰病了，我想知道谁要替代他。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎③You have to replace the books on the shelves before you leave.‎ 你离开之前必须把书放回书架上。‎ ‎④It would be difficult to find a man to take the place of the present manager.‎ 找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。‎ ‎3．完成句子 ‎(1)他不适合这项工作，我们另雇了一个人代替他。‎ He is not fit for the job.We’ve hired a new one________ ________ ________ ________.‎ 答案：in place of him ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎(2)就我个人而言，课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。‎ As far as I’m concerned，________ ________ ________ ________ ________ by computers in class.‎ 答案：teachers will never be replaced ‎4.charge　vt.& vi.　收费；控诉；充电 ‎　　 　n．　费用；主管 ‎(回归课本P12)duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong 当一些事情出错而陷入麻烦，有责任去负责 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①Do you think museums should charge for admission?‎ 你认为博物馆应该收入场费吗？‎ ‎②He was charged with murder.‎ 他被指控犯有谋杀罪。‎ ‎③He took charge of the farm after his father’s death.‎ 父亲去世后他掌管了农场。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎4．一位新经理将负责由王先生掌管的公司。‎ A new manager will come to________ ________ ________this company，which was________ ________ ________ ________Mr.Wang.‎ 答案：take charge of；in the charge of ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎5.bargain　vi.　讨价还价；讲条件 ‎　　 　 n．　便宜货 ‎(回归课本P14)Her father said that she must marry，so Atlanta made a bargain with him.‎ 她父亲说她必须结婚。于是，亚特兰大跟他讲条件。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①I bargained with the taxi driver about the price.‎ 我与出租车司机讲价。‎ ‎②He and his partner had made a bargain to help each other.‎ 他和他的合伙人达成协议，要相互帮助。‎ ‎③In my opinion，the car was a bargain at that price.‎ 依我来看，那辆车的价格真便宜。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎5．I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale；it was a real________.‎ A．exchange　　　　　　　 B．bargain C．trade D．business 解析：选B。句意：我只花了10美元就买了一套裙子，真合算。exchange“互换”；bargain“便宜货，廉价货”；trade“贸易”；business“生意”。结合前面给出的信息“只花了10美元”，言外之意花钱不多，所以本题选择B项。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎6.deserve　vi.& vt.　应受(报答或惩罚)；值得 ‎(回归课本P15)Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race?‎ 你认为希波墨涅斯该赢得比赛吗？‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①(朗文P546)The recommendations in the report certainly deserve further consideration.‎ 报告中的建议确实值得进一步考虑。‎ ‎②She deserves to succeed.‎ 她应该成功。‎ ‎③There is no doubt that he deserves the title“outstanding player of his generation”．‎ 毫无疑问，他无愧于“一代杰出球员”的称号。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎④He deserves to be punished for what he did.‎ ‎＝He deserves punishing for what he did.‎ 他做了这样的事，应受到惩罚。‎ ‎【温馨提示】　deserve后接doing，主动式表被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动语态。有相同用法的动词还有：need，want，require等。‎ ‎6．—It’s better for you to lose weight by taking exercise every morning.‎ ‎—I think your suggestion deserves ________.‎ A．try　　　　　　　　　　B．tried C．to be tried D．to try 解析：选C。考查动词的用法。deserve意为“值得”，后常跟to do/to be done。suggestion与try之间为被动关系，故选C。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎7.take part in　参加 ‎(回归课本P9)Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games?‎ 谁不能参加古代奥运会呢？‎ ‎①How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games?‎ 有多少国家参加了上届奥运会？‎ ‎②When he was young，he took an active part in political activities.他年轻时，积极参加各种政治活动。‎ ‎③When I watched the game，he encouraged me to take part in.‎ 当我在看比赛的时候他鼓励我参加。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎[易混辨析]‎ join，join in，take part in，attend ‎(1)join“参加”，指加入党派、社会团体、军队等并成为其中一员。‎ join the army/the Party/the League参军/入党/入团 ‎(2)join(sb.)in指参与某项活动，口语中常与take part in 通用。‎ ‎(3)take part in指参加群众性活动、会议并在其中起积极作用。‎ ‎(4)attend是正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼；听报告、讲座等。一般指成为观众或听众。‎ ‎①He joined the Party in 1980.‎ ‎②He joined us in the discussion yesterday.‎ ‎③I suggest those taking part in the competition should be praised.‎ ‎④She had an important lecture to attend.‎ ‎7．The Olympic Games________liked by almost everyone in the world.That’s why more and more countries decided________the Olympics.‎ A．is；to join　　　　　B．are；to join C．is；to take part in D．are；to take part in 解析：选D。the Olympic Games作主语，谓语动词用复数。“参加活动”应用take part in。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎8．When my neighbours came out to do morning exercises，I also________.‎ A．joined B．joined in C．attended D．took part in 解析：选A。考查动词及短语辨析。句意：邻居们出来做早操时，我也跟着一起做。join in强调“加入某人一起干”或“加入某人正在进行的活动中”，而take part in仅指参加某项活动，attend多指参加会议、上课、上学等，所以应选A项。‎ ‎8.as well　也；还(常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用)‎ ‎(回归课本P10)For each Olympics，a special village is built for them to live in，a main reception building，several stadiums for competitions，and a gymnasium as well.‎ 每届奥运会都要建一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)让参赛的人住，一个主接待楼、几个比赛用的体育场及一个体育馆。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①My little brother can speak English and French as well.‎ 我弟弟会说英语，也会说法语。‎ ‎②Many students as well as Tom were present at the meeting.‎ 汤姆和许多学生都出席了会议。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎③She cooks as well as her mother does.‎ 她烧菜烧得跟她母亲一样好。‎ ‎④Since you have started the job，you might as well finish it.‎ 既然你已经开始了这项工作，不妨把它做完吧。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎9．—You seemed to be deeply struck by his skill.‎ ‎—Not exactly.It was his courage________his skill that really struck me most.‎ A．rather　　　　　　　B．as well as C．but also D．not as 解析：选B。考查副词的辨析。as well as表示“也、又”，强调前者。此句中It was...that...为强调结构，强调了“his courage as well as his skill”。‎ 句型梳理 ‎1【教材原句】　No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women！(P10)‎ 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！‎ ‎【句法分析】　句型“nor/neither＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“也不”，相当于either用于否定句。‎ ‎①My sister can’t swim，nor/neither can her husband.‎ 我姐姐不会游泳，她丈夫也不会。‎ ‎②I haven’t seen the film，nor/neither has Mary.‎ 我没看过这部电影，玛丽也没看过。‎ ‎③I don’t know，nor do I care.我不知道，也不关心。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎(1)“so＋助动词/be/情态动词＋主语”，是一种倒装句型，意为“也是如此”，表示上句所谈到的情况也适用于另一主语，so用来代替上句的内容。‎ ‎④He has finished his homework，and so have I.‎ 他完成了作业，我也完成了。‎ ‎⑤If you go to school early tomorrow，so shall I.‎ 如果明天你早点去学校，我也早去。‎ ‎(2)如果表示前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时，则需要用So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with...。‎ ‎⑥Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States.So it was with Jane./It was the same with Jane.‎ 玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。‎ ‎⑦—I like English but I can’t study it well.‎ 我喜欢英语但学不好。‎ ‎—So it is with my brother.‎ 我弟弟也是。‎ ‎(3)如果下文表示的是对上文的赞成或肯定，则仅需要把so放于句首，其后用正常语序。‎ ‎⑧—He came to school late yesterday.他昨天上学迟到了。‎ ‎—So he did.他确实迟到了。‎ ‎⑨—It is very hot today.今天天气真热。‎ ‎—So it is.是啊，的确很热。‎ ‎[即境活用]　‎ ‎10．—It’s burning hot today，isn’t it?‎ ‎—Yes.________yesterday.‎ A．So was it B．So it was C．So it is D．So is it 解析：选A。由so＋助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词＋主语表示“……也是一样”。So was it yesterday表示“昨天的天气与今天一样，都非常热”。‎ ‎11．—I reminded you not to forget the appointment.‎ ‎—________.‎ A．So you did B．So I do not C．So did you D．So do I 解析：选A。本题考查固定句式用法。So＋主语＋助动词/连系动词/情态动词，表示对别人的说法予以认可。‎ ‎12．—I like to surf the Internet but I don’t like to watch TV.‎ ‎—________.‎ A．So do I B．Nor do I C．As do I D．So it is with me 解析：选D。So it is/was with...“……也这样”，主要用来表示“一个人的多种情况与另一个人的多种情况是一致的”。‎ ‎13．—David has made great progress recently.‎ ‎—________，and________.‎ A．So he has；so you have B．So he has；so have you C．So has he；so have you D．So has he；so you have 解析：选B。此题前一空考查的是对上文的肯定；第二个空考查的是同样的情况也适用于另一主语。‎ ‎2【教材原句】　I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece”and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.(P9)‎ 我生活在你们称之为“古希腊”的地方，我过去也经常写有关很久以前奥运会的情况。‎ ‎【句法分析】　what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作call的宾语，“Ancient Greece”作宾补。‎ ‎①He drove at what I thought was a dangerous speed.‎ 他以我认为危险的速度开车。‎ ‎②After a long journey，they came to what was called “Gebi Desert”．‎ 长途跋涉之后，他们来到了被称之为“戈壁滩”的地方。‎ ‎③(2010年高考山东卷)Before the sales start，I make a list of what my kids will need for the coming season.‎ 在购物之前，我先列一张孩子们在下个季节所需要的东西的清单。‎ ‎[即境活用]　‎ ‎14．As his best friend，I can make accurate guesses about________he will do or think.‎ A．what　　　　　　　　　B．which C．whom D．that 解析：选A。句意：作为他最好的朋友，我能够准确地猜出他要做什么，想什么。本句中用what he will do or think作介词about的宾语。‎ ‎15．—What are we visiting next Monday?‎ ‎—A modern city that has appeared in________was a village ten years ago.‎ A．that B．which C．what D．where 解析：选C。考查宾语从句。填入的连词应引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语，所以排除A、D项。另外，which意思不符，故排除。‎ 单元核心考点阅读专题训练 ‎ At first glance, blowing a bubble net to trap sardines is not the smartest move a dolphin can make. Bubbles reflect sonar(声纳) signals better than sardines do, making the fish invisible and giving them a chance to escape. But mathematical tricks can get around this, and dolphins may naturally use them to locate the fishy signal amid the bubbles.‎ ‎ Timothy Leighton at the University of Southampton, UK, and his colleagues produced dolphin-like sonar clicks in a tank containing a "fish"—a small steel ball-hiding in a bubble cloud. Dolphins vary the amplitude(振幅) of their clicks, Leighton says, so he gave every second click a weaker amplitude than the first. Imitating what might go on in the dolphin brain, he then increased the echo from the weaker click to bring it up to the same level as the stronger click.‎ ‎ This made the two echoes from the steel ball identical. But because even a weak sonar click bounces strongly off bubbles, increasing the weaker echo made the bubble signal stand out even more than it did in the stronger click. Leighton used that fact to distinguish the steel ball from the bubbles. ‎ ‎ Human sonar operators could apply the trick to detect weak signals from sea mines in shallow waters full of waves. Sonar systems are designed to find submarines(潜水艇) in deep, bubble-free water and are less effective in the shallows. "Developing sonar that can see sea mines in these conditions is important." says Leighton.‎ ‎16. The underlined word "them" refers to  .‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ sardines B.‎ ‎ sonar signals ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ mathematical tricks D.‎ ‎ blown bubbles ‎17. Where did Timothy Leighton imitate the work of the dolphin brain?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ In a tank containing a true fish.‎ ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ In a tank containing a steel ball.‎ ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ In the ocean containing bubbles.‎ ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ In the ocean containing fishes.‎ ‎18. Why did Leighton increase the weaker echo?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ Because he could make the two echoes from the steel ball the same.‎ ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ Because he could make the bubble signal disappear gradually.‎ ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ Because he could know if the dolphin recognized the difference.‎ ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ Because he could recognize the bubbles from the steel ball.‎ ‎19. According to Leighton, it is very important to improve  .‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ sonar of seeing sea mines B.‎ ‎ sonar of seeing submarines ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ sonar of seeing dolphins D.‎ ‎ sonar of seeing bubbles E ‎ In 1961, a group of scientists set up a permanent camp on Possession Island, a bit of land located in the Crozet Archipelago, about halfway between Madagascar and Antarctica in the Indian Ocean. Their goal was a long-term study of king penguins, and scientists have continued that study for more than 50 years, sometimes accompanied by a small number of tourists. The penguins appear to be habituated to the presence of ‎ humans, but a new study in BMC Ecology finds that even this limited human contact may be negatively affecting them.‎ ‎ A team of researchers from France and Switzerland compared 15 king penguins from the areas regularly disturbed by scientists and tourists with 18 birds that bred in an undisturbed area, recording the penguins' heart rates in response to three potential human stressors—loud noise, approaches by humans and capture.‎ ‎ With both loud noise and human approach, the penguins from the disturbed area were far less stressed than their companions from the undisturbed area. All the birds, however, found capture to be a stressful experience. It's possible that these penguins have grown used to the presence of humans in their breeding area. Over time, the population would evolve to handle this disturbance(干扰) better and better. That may seem like a good thing, the scientists say.‎ ‎ This is hardly the first time that researchers have found that their methods have had unexpected consequences for the animals they study. A central question for experts is the extent to which human's disturbances (such as tourism) might impact wildlife and affect the systems under study. One of the major mistakes of such research is in forgetting that, from the idea of the wildlife studied, tourism and scientific research are not two worlds apart.‎ ‎20. Why did scientists set up a permanent camp on Possession Island?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ Because they want to attract more tourists.‎ ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ Because they want to study king penguins.‎ ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ Because they want to raise more penguins.‎ ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ Because they want to link Madagascar with Antarctica.‎ ‎21. According to the passage, penguins seldom get pressure from  .‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ approaches by humans B.‎ ‎ loud noise ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ scientists' capture D.‎ ‎ other penguins' company ‎22. The underlined word "evolve" in Paragraph 3 means  .‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ Develop gradually B.‎ ‎ Disobey gradually ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ Discount gradually D.‎ ‎ Display gradually ‎23. It can be inferred that tourism  .‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ has little effect on penguins' life ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ has no effect on penguins' life ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ was ignored by scientists before ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ has always been valued by scientists.‎ ‎24. What's the best title of the passage?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ King Penguins Inspire the Development of Tourism ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ King Penguins Develop Well with Humans' Disturbances ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ King Penguins Live a Happy Life in Antarctica ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ King Penguins Stressed out by Scientists and Tourists ‎答案 ‎16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. B ‎ ‎21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D ‎