2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2TheOlympicGames单元学案（30页word版） 30页

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit 2The Olympic Games单元学案 Period 1　新知预习课 学习目标 ‎1.熟练掌握本单元的重点单词和短语replace, charge, bargain, deserve, stand for,熟记单词拼写并能灵活运用。‎ ‎2.根据英语释义从课文中找出所学词汇,培养学生用英语思维的习惯。‎ ‎3.根据句子和语境找出与所学词汇意思相近的词汇。练习循序渐进,以达到巩固和运用词汇的目的。‎ 词汇快测 ‎1.Match the words and phrases.‎ A. words (词汇连线)‎ ‎(1)ancient ‎(2)volunteer ‎(3)regular ‎(4)responsibility ‎(5)advertise ‎(6)glory ‎(7)bargain ‎(8)deserve ‎(9)magical ‎(10)host ‎(1)n.光荣,荣誉 ‎(2)vi讨价还价 ‎(3)vi.&vt.应受,值得 ‎(4)vt.&vi.做广告 ‎(5)v.自愿 ‎(6)n.责任,职责 ‎(7)adj.常规的;定期的 ‎(8)vt.做东;主办 ‎(9)adj.古代的 ‎(10)adj.有魔力的 B. phrases(短语连线)‎ ‎(1)参加;参与 ‎(2)代表;象征;表示 ‎(3)也;又;还 ‎(4)主管;看管 ‎(5)在……起重要作用 ‎(6)同某人竞争 ‎(7)陆续地,一个接一个地 ‎(8)与某人达成协议 ‎(1)as well ‎(2)play an important part/role in ‎(3)take part in ‎(4)stand for ‎(5)in charge ‎(6)one after another ‎(7)make a bargain with sb.‎ ‎(8)compete with sb.‎ ‎2.根据释义写出单词 ‎(1)　　　 to take part in a sports event ‎ ‎(2)　　　 to be allowed to enter (a course or sports competition) ‎ ‎(3)　　　 someone who takes part in sports competition ‎ ‎(4)　　　 to take the place of ‎ ‎(5)　　　 short sentence or phrase expressing the beliefs of a person or group ‎ ‎(6)　　　 duty to be in charge and get in trouble when things go wrong ‎ ‎(7)　　　 special hall for physical exercise ‎ ‎(8)　　　 an award for winning a championship ‎ ‎(9)　　　 moving very fast ‎ ‎(10)　　　 level of ability ‎ 重点探究 ‎1.replace vt.取代;替换;代替 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)Can anything 　　　 a mother’s love and care?有什么东西能代替母亲的关爱吗? ‎ ‎(2)Jack 　　　 Tom as monitor of our class.杰克接替汤姆当了我们班班长。 ‎ ‎(3)I will take 　　　　　　　　　 your teacher.我要接替你们老师的工作。 ‎ ‎(4)We’ve 　　　 the old adding machine with a computer.我们用电脑取代了老式加法机。 ‎ ‎(1)replace sb.as 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)replace B with A 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(3)take the place of 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.charge vt.&vi.收费;控诉　n.费用;看管 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)The children were in 　　　　　　　　　 the nurse.孩子们由保姆负责。 ‎ ‎(2)Breakfast is free of 　　　.早餐免费。 ‎ ‎(3)Police have 　　　 Mr Smith 　　　 murder.警察指控斯密斯先生谋杀罪。 ‎ ‎(4)A few years ago Mr Brown 　　　　　　　　　 the company.几年前布朗先生接管了这家公司。 ‎ ‎(5)Who is 　　　　　　　　　 the hospital?谁负责这家医院? ‎ ‎(1)in the charge of 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)free of charge 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(3)charge sb.with sth. 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(4)take charge of 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(5)in charge of 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.bargain vi.讨价还价,讲条件　n.便宜货 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)At this price the wine is a 　　　.红酒这个价格真划算。 ‎ ‎(2)I’ll 　　　　　　　　　 with you.I’ll play hostess if you invite Matthew in your guest-list.我们说定了,如果你能把马修也邀请来的话我就做东。 ‎ ‎(3)We 　　　 with her about the price.我们与她就价格讨价还价。 ‎ ‎(4)The 　　　 was mutually acceptable.这项协议是双方都可接受的。 ‎ ‎(1)a real bargain 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)make a bargain with sb.　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(3)bargain with sb.　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎4.deservevt.&vi.应受(报答或惩罚),值得 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)You 　　　 a rest after all that hard work.做了所有辛苦的工作你应该休息。 ‎ ‎(2)They deserve to 　　　　　　 to prison.他们应该入狱。 ‎ ‎(3)You really 　　　 a good beating,you naughty boy.你这个调皮孩子真该打。 ‎ ‎(4)They 　　　 rewarding.他们应该受到奖赏。 ‎ ‎(1)deserve+n. ‎ ‎(2)deserve doing sth. 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(3)deserve to do sth. 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎5.stand for象征,代表 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)What does that totem 　　　?这个图腾象征着什么? ‎ ‎(2)GNP 　　　 gross national product. GNP代表国民生产总值。 ‎ ‎(3)Mary 　　　 as a doctor.玛丽是个杰出的医生。 ‎ ‎(4)I can’t 　　　 while my friend is being wronged.我朋友受冤我不能袖手旁观。 ‎ ‎(5)She is always shy and 　　　.她总是害羞躲着别人。 ‎ stand for 　　　　　　　 ‎ stand by 　　　　　　　 ‎ stand out 　　　　　　　 ‎ 语境应用 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.School needs 　　　(志愿者)to help children to read. ‎ ‎2.I picked up a few good 　　　(便宜货)on the sale. ‎ ‎3.The company is 　　　(做广告)for actors in the newspaper. ‎ ‎4.The 　　　(海报)only stayed up for a few hours before it was torn up. ‎ ‎5.How much do you 　　　　(要价) for mending shoes? ‎ ‎6.I a　　　 breaking the window. ‎ ‎7.Companies must be able to c　　　 in the marketplace. ‎ ‎8.It’s important to follow the r　　　 procedure. ‎ ‎9.The meeting will be h　　　 by Sir David. ‎ ‎10.The new design will eventually r　　　 all existing models. ‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1.More than 10,000 competitors from the world came to Beijing to compete 　　　 each other 　　　 medals in 2008. ‎ A. for, against B. against, with ‎ C. with, for D. for, with ‎2.The graduates 　　　 into the company usually receive strict training before they start to work. ‎ A. accepted B. accepting ‎ C. admitted D. admitting ‎3.I bought a dress for only 10 dollars; it was a real 　　　. ‎ A. exchange B. bargain ‎ C. train D. business ‎4.I work hard and I think I deserve 　　　. ‎ A.to be well paid ‎ B.to pay well ‎ C. being well paid ‎ D. well paying ‎5.— How can we get to the airport? It’s too far and expensive to take a taxi.‎ ‎—Don’t worry. There is a 　　　 bus service to the airport. ‎ A. regular B. general ‎ C. normal D. usual ‎6.How much did the guy 　　　 you to fix your 3G mobile phone? ‎ A. cost B. charge C. take D. spend ‎7.We can’t 　　　 other countries if we don’t develop our national economy. ‎ A. compete for B. compete against ‎ C. catch up D. keep up ‎8.My daughter, who is 　　　 the nurse, has 　　　 ill since last week. ‎ A.in the charge of; fallen ‎ B.in charge of; been C.in the charge of; fallen ‎ D. take charge of; been ‎9.I have no idea what these two letters 　　　 so I have to ask my brother for help. ‎ A. stand up B. stand by ‎ C. stand for D. stand out ‎10.Don’t worry. I will help to 　　　 the guests. ‎ A. hold B. host C. wait D. accept Ⅲ.短文填空 The Olympic Games include two kinds, the Summer and the Winter Olympics. Both of them are held 　　　(每隔)four years on a 　　　　　　(根据常规).All countries can 　　　　　　(参加)if their athletes reached the 　　　　　　(统一标准)to the games. Women are not only 　　　(允许)to join in the Olympic Games but also play a very active 　　　(作用).A 　　　　　　(特殊的村庄)is built for the competitors to live in. ‎ Several 　　　(体育场),a 　　　(室内体育馆)as well as seats for those who watch the games are built for competitions. It’s a great 　　　(荣誉)to host the Olympic Games. The olive wreath has been 　　　(代替)by medals. But it’s still about being able to run faster, jump 　　　(更高)and throw 　　　(更远).That’s the 　　　(口号)of the Olympics:　　　(更快),Higher and Stronger. ‎ 参考答案 词汇快测 ‎3.根据释义写出单词 ‎(1)compete　(2)admit　(3)athlete　(4)replace　(5)motto　(6)responsibility　(7)gymnasium ‎(8)medal　(9)swift　(10)standard 重点探究 ‎1.【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)replace　(2)has replaced　(3)the place of　(4)replaced ‎[归纳总结](1)代替某人担当……　(2)用A代替B　(3)代替某人的职位 ‎2.【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)the charge of　(2)charge　(3)charged; with　(4)took charge of　(5)in charge of ‎[归纳总结](1)由……负责　(2)免费　(3)控告某人某事　(4)使……承担责任;掌管;负责;(5)(某人)主管,负责 ‎3. 【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)real bargain　(2)make a bargain　(3)bargained　(4)bargain ‎[归纳总结](1)一件划算的事　(2)与某人达成协议　(3)与某人讲价 ‎4.【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)deserve　(2)be sent　(3)deserve　(4)deserved ‎[归纳总结](1)应得某物　(2)值得做某事(主动形式表达被动意思)　(3)值得去做某事 ‎5.【完成句子】‎ ‎(1)stand for　(2)stands for　(3)stands out　(4)stand by　(5)stands off ‎[归纳总结]　1)代表;象征;表示　(2)旁观,支持　(3)突出,杰出 语境应用 Ⅱ.单词拼写 ‎(1)volunteers　(2)bargains　(3)advertising　(4)poster　5)charge　(6)admitted　(7)compete 8)regular　(9)hosted　(10)replace Ⅲ.单项填空 ‎1~5.CCBAA　6~10)BBBCB Ⅲ.短文填空 every; regular; basis; take part; agreed standard; allowed; role; special village;stadiums;gymnasium;honor;replaced;higher;further;motto;Swifter Period 2　文本研读课 ‎ ‎ 学习目标 ‎1.了解奥运会的发展历史及现代奥运会和古代奥运会的相同和差异。‎ ‎2.全面培养学生的阅读能力,重点培养概括段落大意和理解文章主旨大意的能力。‎ ‎3.理解并熟练掌握下列重点句型和结构的用法。‎ ‎(1)I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece”.‎ ‎(2)Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.‎ ‎(3)No other countries could join in,nor could slaves or women.‎ ‎(4)There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.‎ 自主预习 Answer the following questions to see how much you have known about the Olympic Games.‎ ‎(1)How many sets of Olympic Games are there?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)What are the three words that show the spirit of the Olympic Games?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4)Do you still remember the official mascots for the Beijing Olympics?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(5)How often is the Olympics held?‎ ‎ ‎ 思考导引 After watching the video, you may wonder why people were excited when they got the opportunity to host the Olympic Games? Would you like to know more about the Olympic Games?‎ 课堂探究 Step 1 Reading An Interview Pausanias, who was a Greek writer is now interviewing Li Yan,a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.‎ ‎1.Skimming A. Read the text quickly and give the answers to the question.‎ ‎(1)What does the passage tell us?‎ ‎　　　　　 ‎ B. Read the text quickly again, and try to find out the similarities between ancient and modern Olympics.‎ Similarities ‎1.　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎4.　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.Scanning Read the dialogue carefully and then fill in the blanks.‎ ‎　　Women are not only 　　　 to join in the Olympics but play a very important 　　　.A special village is built for the 　　　 to live in, several stadiums for 　　　,a gymnasium and seats for those who watch the games as well. ‎ It’s a great honor to 　　　 the Olympic Games. The olive wreath has been replaced by 　　　.But it’s still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw 　　　. ‎ ‎3.Careful reading A.Read the text again and then decide whether the statements are true or false.‎ ‎(1)Both the Summer and the Winter Olympics are held every two years.(　　)‎ ‎(2)There are running races in the Winter Olympics.(　　)‎ ‎(3)Women were admitted to join in the old Olympics.(　　)‎ ‎(4)Every athlete can take part in the Olympic Games.(　　)‎ ‎(5)All the competitors compete for money.(　　)‎ ‎(6)The Olympics were born in Greece.(　　)‎ ‎(7)The 2012 Olympics were held in London.(　　)‎ ‎(8)At first, Pausania thinks people may be competing for money in the modern Olympic Games.(　　)‎ B. Find the differences between the ancient and modern Olympics.‎ Differences Ancient Olympics Modern Olympics one set of Games (1)　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)　　　　　　　 (3)　　　　　　　 ‎ only competitors from Greece (4)　　　　　　　 ‎ fewer events (5)　　　　　　　 ‎ C. Answer the following questions. Pay attention to the underlined words.‎ ‎(1)Who will be admitted as competitors?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)Why so many countries want to host the Olympic Games?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)What do women do in the modern Olympics?‎ ‎ ‎ Step 2　Cracking the difficult points Underline the sentences below in your text and observe them carefully. Try to understand the structures and meaning of the sentences according to the context.‎ ‎1.I lived in what you call “ancient Greece”... ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.No other countries could join in,nor could slaves or women!‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.‎ ‎ ‎ Step 3　Consolidation Finish the following passage according to the text and try to retell it. The Olympic Games are the biggest sports meeting in the world, which include two kinds, the 　　　 and the 　　　 Olympics. Both of them are 　　　 every 　　　years. ‎ All countries can take part if their athletes reach the agreed 　　　 for their event. Women are not only 　　　 to join in the Olympic Games but play a very 　　　 role. A special 　　　 is built for the competitors to live in, several 　　　 for competitions, a 　　　 and seats for those who watch the game as well. It’s a great 　　　 to host the Olympic Games. The olive wreath has been 　　　 by medals. But it’s still all about being able to run 　　　 jump 　　　 and throw 　　　. ‎ Step 4:Post-reading Discuss your ideas about the good effects of hosting the Olympic Games.‎ ‎1.People all over the world will learn about the country, city and its people.‎ ‎2.Attract investment (投资).‎ ‎3.Many sports fans will visit the city and will bring great benefit to the city.‎ ‎4.Enhance the sense of national pride.‎ ‎5.The development of urban construction (城市建设)is more convenient for ‎ people’s lives.‎ 课后提升 Exercises ‎1.I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece”...‎ what you call “Ancient Greece”为名词性从句,在句中作介词in 的宾语。‎ 单项填空 Just as sound travels through the air in waves, so electricity travels through the air in 　　　 we call radio waves. ‎ A. which B. that ‎ C. what D.one ‎2. Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.‎ will be admitted 将来时的被动语态 完成句子。‎ ‎(1)Nobody 　　　　　　　　　(allow)to enter the stadium without a ticket. ‎ ‎(2)Cheating in the exam 　　　　　　　　　.(punish) ‎ ‎(3)If you are discovered smoking, you 　　　　　　　　　.(fine) ‎ ‎3.No other countries could join in,nor could slaves or women!‎ nor 用于句首,引起倒装句,意为“也不”。‎ 完成句子 ‎(1)He never went again,　　　 did he write to apologize. ‎ ‎(2)I don’t know,　　　 do I care. ‎ ‎(3)I have never been dishonest,　　　 do I mean to start being so now. ‎ ‎(4)He can’t do it,　　　　　　 I. ‎ ‎(5)I will not go there,　　　(他也不会去). ‎ ‎(6)You never heard from him,　　　(我也没有收到他的来信). ‎ ‎4.There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.‎ as much...as...表示某人、某物(在程度/数量上)与……相同。‎ 把下列句子翻译成汉语。‎ ‎(1)Getting rid of a bad habit is as much a struggle as forming a good one.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 ‎ 自主预习 ‎(1)Two: the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics.‎ ‎(2)The five rings stand for friendship of five continents.‎ ‎(3)Swifter, Higher, Stronger ‎(4)Yes, I do. They’re Fu was.‎ ‎(5)Every four years/every fourth year.‎ 课堂探究 Skimming:‎ A. The differences and similarities of the ancient and modern Olympics.‎ B. Similarities ‎(1)have running races ‎(2)held every four years ‎(3)no prize money for winners ‎(4)seen as most important competition ‎2.Scanning allowed; role; competitors; competitions; host; medals; further ‎3.Careful reading A.1)F　(2)F　(3)F　(4)F　(5)F　(6)T　(7)T　(8)T B.(1)two main sets of Games ‎(2)no women or slaves could take part ‎(3)anyone can take part if they reach the standard ‎(4)competitors from all over the world ‎(5)more than 250 events C.(1)Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.‎ ‎(2)It’s a great responsibility but also a great honour to be chosen.‎ ‎(3)Women play an important role in the modern Olympics.‎ Step 2　Cracking the difficult points ‎(1)我生活在你们所说的古希腊……‎ ‎(2)只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。‎ ‎(3)别的国家不能参加,奴隶和妇女也不能参加。‎ ‎(4)国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。‎ Step 3　Consolidation Finish the following passage according to the text and try to retell the story:‎ Summer;Winter;held;four;standard;allowed;important;village;stadium;gymnasium;honor;replaced;swifter;higher;further 课后提升 ‎1.单项填空 C ‎2.完成句子 ‎(1)will be allowed　(2)will be punished　(3)will be fined ‎3.完成句子 ‎(1)Nor　(2)nor　(3)nor　(4)nor can　(5)nor will he　6)Nor did I ‎4.把下列句子翻译成汉语。‎ ‎(1)摆脱坏习惯和养成良好的习惯一样艰难。‎ ‎(2)普遍认为,教书既是一门科学也是一门艺术。‎ Period 3　知识讲练课 ‎ ‎ 学习目标 ‎1.掌握下列重点单词和短语的用法。‎ every four years every fourth year, will be admitted as, compete in/against ‎ sth.,take part in, as well ‎2.在全面深入理解课文的基础上,熟练运用所学重点单词、短语和句型并能复述课文。‎ ‎3.培养学生良好的学习习惯,有效地使用词典、网络等媒体资源来解决阅读中遇到的问题。通过识别、理解、推理、概括、重构、阐述六个层面全面提升语言运用能力。‎ Step 1　Words and expressions ‎1.There are two main sets of Games — the Winter and the Summer Olympic Games and both are regularly held every four years on a regular basis.奥运会主要有两种:夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会。这两种都是四年举行一次。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)Usually, medicine should be taken every four hours/every fourth hour.一般说来,每四小时吃一次药。‎ ‎(2)Some of you go back home every two weeks.你们中一些人每两星期回家一次。‎ ‎ (1)every four year=every fourth year 　　 ‎ ‎(2)every other day=every two days 　　 ‎ ‎(3)every few days 　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 把下列句子翻译成汉语。‎ ‎(1)He likes reading very much, so he goes to the bookshop every few days.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)These plants are watered every other day.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)I go to see a film every two weeks.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4)Bus No.5 runs every ten minutes.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。‎ A)【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)He was admitted as a member of the baseball team.他被接受成为棒球队的一名成员。‎ ‎(2)The thief admitted his crime.小偷承认了他的罪行。‎ ‎ (1)admit sth./doing sth./that clause 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)be admitted as　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(3)be admitted to 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(4)admit sb.to be 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 把下列句子翻译成汉语。‎ ‎(1)He admitted having stolen the car.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)I had to admit I had done wrong.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)Last year my daughter was admitted into Beijing University.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4)He was admitted to the club after his tenth try.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(5)I admit it to be true.‎ ‎ ‎ B)【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)We shall be punished when we break the rule.如果我们违反规定,我们将要受到惩罚。‎ ‎(2)The new film will be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。‎ ‎ 　　　是一般将来时的被动语态结构。 ‎ B)【尝试运用】‎ 单项选择 ‎(1)Hundreds of jobs 　　　 if the factory closes. ‎ A. lose B. will be lost ‎ C. are lost D. will lose ‎(2)The problem 　　　 in the coming meeting. ‎ A.is discussed B.is discussing ‎ C.is being discussed D. will be discussed ‎3.How can the runners enjoy competing in winter?冬天运动员怎么可能比赛啊?‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)I hope all of us compete in running.我希望我们都参加跑步比赛。‎ ‎(2)I know my English can’t compete against his.我知道我的英语比不上他的。‎ ‎ (1)compete in sth. 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)compete with/against sb. 　　 ‎ ‎(3)compete for sth. 　　　　　　　 ‎ compete v.竞争;比赛　competition n.竞争;比赛 competitor n.竞争者　competitive adj.竞争的 ‎【尝试运用】‎ 把下列句子翻译成汉语。‎ ‎(1)They are competing with each other.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)We don’t only compete for medals, but for friendship.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)She decided to compete in the model contest.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4)As a good competitor you must be highly competitive in order to win a competition.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.Nowadays any country can take part if their athletes are good enough.现在只要他们的运动员达到了参赛标准,任何国家都能参赛.‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)May I take part in the game?我可以参加这个项目吗?‎ ‎(2)His brother joined the army last year.他哥哥是去年参军的。‎ ‎(3)Last weekend I attended a wedding.上周末我参加了一场婚礼。‎ ‎ (1)take part in 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)join 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(3)join in 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(4)join sb.in 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(5)attend 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 完成句子 ‎(1)Today women are now 　　　 an active part 　　　 social activities. ‎ ‎(2)Would you like to 　　　 us in our game? ‎ ‎(3)There will be a lecture tomorrow. All those who want to 　　　,please raise your hands. ‎ ‎5.Several stadiums for competitions and a gymnasium as well.有好几个供比赛用的体育场,还有一个室内体育馆。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)She has knowledge and experience as well.她既有知识也有经验。‎ ‎(2)He plays the guitar as well as you.他的吉他弹得和你弹得一样好。‎ ‎ (1)as well 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(2)as well as 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎(3)might as well 　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 把下列句子翻译成汉语 ‎(1)Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)Yao Ming is good at playing basketball and he does well in learning foreign languages as well.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)It was his courage as well as his skill that really struck me.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4)If you are going to the library, I might as well go with you.‎ ‎ ‎ Step 2　Sentence structures to learn ‎1.I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.‎ 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。我曾经写过很久以前关于奥林匹克运动会的情况。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ A modern gymnasium has been set up in what was a wasteland.‎ 一个现代化的体育馆已经在一片曾经的不毛之地上建立起来。‎ ‎ what was a wasteland为　　　,在句中作介词in的　　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 把下列句子子翻译成英语 ‎(1)经过长途跋涉,他们来到了被称作中国城的地方。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)我们等了似乎两小时的时间。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!别的国家不能参加,奴隶和妇女也不能参加!‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ He never went again,nor did he write to apologize.‎ 他再也没去过,也没有写信道歉。‎ ‎ nor 用于句首,引起　　　意为　　　。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 把下列句翻译成英语 ‎(1)我不去,他也不会去。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)你从来没收到他的来信,我也没有。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)我去年没去成西藏,我的朋友也没去成。‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 ‎ Step 1　Words and expressions ‎1.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)每四年　(2)每两天　(3)每隔几天 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)他非常喜欢读书,因此每隔几天他都要去一次书店。‎ ‎(2)这些植物要两天浇一次水。‎ ‎(3)我两周看一场电影。‎ ‎(4)五路公交车10分钟一班。‎ ‎2.A.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)承认……　(2)被接纳为……　(4)被……接收　(5)承认某人是……‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)他承认偷了这辆车。‎ ‎(2)我不得不承认我错了。‎ ‎(3)去年我女儿被北京大学录取。‎ ‎(4)第十次尝试后,他被俱乐部接受。‎ ‎(5)我承认它是真的。‎ B.【归纳总结】‎ will/shall be done ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)B　(2)D ‎3.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)在……中竞争　(2)和某人竞争　(3)为某物而竞争 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)他们之间相互竞争。‎ ‎(2)我们不仅为奖牌而且为友谊竞争。‎ ‎(3)她决定参加模特大赛。‎ ‎(4)作为一名优秀参赛者,为了赢得比赛你必须极具竞争意识。‎ ‎4.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)参加,参与(活动)‎ ‎(2)加入(某党派、某组织或某社会团体)‎ ‎(3)参加 ‎(4)和某人一起做……‎ ‎(5)参加 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)taking;in ‎(2)join ‎(3)attend ‎5.【归纳总结】‎ ‎(1)也;又;还 ‎(2)也;和;和……一样好 ‎(3)不妨,还是……为好 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)你和你妻子对我都友好。‎ ‎(2)姚明既擅长打篮球又擅长学外语。‎ ‎(3)真正打动我的是他的勇气和技术。‎ ‎(4)如果你去图书馆,我不妨和你一起去。‎ Step 2　Sentence structures to learn ‎1.【归纳总结】(1)名词性从句　(2)宾语 ‎1【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)After a long journey, they came to what was called Chinatown.‎ ‎(2)We waited for what seemed two hours.‎ ‎2.【归纳总结】倒装句;也不 ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)I will not go there, neither/nor will he.‎ ‎(2)You never heard from him, neither/nor did I.‎ ‎(3)I was not able to go to Tibet, neither was my friend.‎ Period 4　语法专题课 ‎ ‎ 学习目标 ‎1.了解一般将来时的被动语态在具体语境中的运用。‎ ‎2.掌握一般将来时的被动语态的结构和主要用法。‎ ‎3.使用一般将来时的被动语态需要注意的问题。‎ 感受新知 Ⅰ.More sentences from the textbook. Give the students several minutes to find out their subject(主语) and predicate(谓语).‎ ‎1.When and where will the next Olympic Games be held?‎ ‎2.Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.‎ ‎3.All the stadiums will be built to the east of London.‎ ‎4.New medals will be designed of course...‎ Ⅱ.Conclusion of the rules ‎1.基本概念 一般将来时的被动语态表示　　　　　　　　的事情。 ‎ ‎2.一般将来时的被动语态的各种句式 肯定式 主语+{■(will"/" shall@ be going to @be to)}+be done...‎ 否定式 主语+{■(will"/" shall no t@benotgoingto@benotto)}+be done...‎ 一般疑问式 ├ ■(Will"/" shall+"主语" @Be+"主语" +going to@ Be+"主语" +to)}+be done?‎ 特殊疑问式 疑问词{■(will"/" shall" (" +"主语)" @be" (" +"主语)" going to @be" (" +"主语)" to)}+be done?‎ ‎3.注意:在时间、条件状语从句中,常用　　　的被动语态代替　　　的被动语态。如: ‎ When the dam is completed, the river will be controlled.‎ 大坝竣工后,这条河的河水将得到控制。‎ Ⅲ.Consolidation ‎1.Fill in the blanks with the right form of the given words.‎ ‎(1)We 　　　(not punish) if we break the rule. ‎ ‎(2)The exam 　　　(not put off). ‎ ‎(3)His new novel 　　　(publish) next week. ‎ ‎(4)The sports meet 　　　(hold) on April 10th. ‎ ‎(5)The problem 　　　(discuss)at tomorrow’s meeting. ‎ ‎2.Translate the sentences into English.‎ ‎(1)这些旧建筑什么时候被拆除?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)我不会因为自己的错误而受到父亲的惩罚。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)我不会被邀请参加明天的婚礼。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4)当温度在冰点以下时,水不会变成冰吗?‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅳ.Discussion If you get a ticket to watch the Olympic Games in 2016,as an audience, what rules should you obey?‎ Key words: ticket, children, animal, cheating from athletes, smoking 巩固运用 Ⅰ.Turn the following sentences into passive voice.‎ ‎1.The construction workers will put down the old temple.‎ ‎2.The government will spend almost 100 million yuan on this programme.‎ ‎3.We shall hold an English speaking contest next week.‎ ‎4.He will soon decide when we shall have the meeting.‎ ‎5.I don’t think the computer will replace the TV set in the near future.‎ ‎6.The teacher will correct the mistakes in the exercises.‎ Ⅱ.Multiple choice.‎ ‎1.We are confident that the environment 　　　 by our further efforts to reduce pollution. ‎ A. had been improved ‎ B. will be improved C.is improved ‎ D. was improved ‎2.— What do you think of store shopping in the future?‎ ‎— Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping, but 　　　. ‎ A. will never replace ‎ B. would never replace C. will never be replaced ‎ D. would never be replaced ‎3.The reports at the meeting show that this district 　　　 next year. ‎ A. being developed ‎ B. develops C.is going to be developed ‎ D. was developed ‎4.A talk on Chinese history 　　　 by Professor Wang in the school hall next week. ‎ A.is given ‎ B. has been given C. will be given ‎ D. gives ‎5.More schools in western regions 　　　 as our government increases its support there. ‎ A. will be built ‎ B.is built C. was to built ‎ D. have built ‎6.— Do you know that George and Lucy will get married next week?‎ ‎— No, I don’t know. I guess a lot of people 　　　. ‎ A. were invited ‎ B. are going to be invited C. had been invited ‎ D. will invite ‎7.— How much can you pay me for the service, sir?‎ ‎— You 　　　 200 yuan ,if you do nicely. ‎ A. will pay ‎ B. are paying C. will be paid ‎ D. are paid ‎8.The number of deaths from heart disease 　　　 greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables. ‎ A.is reduced ‎ B. are reduced C. will reduce ‎ D. will be reduced ‎9.Do you think that the bridge 　　　 in a year? ‎ A. would be completed ‎ B. will be completed C. had been completed ‎ D.is being completed Ⅲ.Fill in the blanks, using the future passive voice.‎ The Olympic Games 1.　　　(hold)in Riode Janeiro. Many things 2.　　　(do)for the Game. Thirty billion yuan 3.　　　(spend)on the project. A new Olympic village 4.　　　(build)for the athletes and some hotels 5.　　　(build)for the visitors to stay in. ‎ The road 6.　　　(make)wider and better and trees and flowers 7.　　　(plant)along the roads. The new stadiums 8.　　　(complete)before 2016.Many volunteers 9.　　　(train)for the games. ‎ Many policemen 10.　　　(send)to keep order. During the 2016 Olympic Games, the best athletes 11.　　　(choose)to compete and they 12.　　　(encourage)to do their best. ‎ 参考答案 ‎ 感受新知 Ⅰ.‎ 序号 主语 谓语 ‎1 the next Olympic Games will be held ‎2 athletes will be admitted ‎3 all the stadiums will be built ‎4 new medals will be designed Ⅱ.1.将来某个时间或根据计划、安排将要被做 ‎3.一般现在时;一般将来时 Ⅲ.1.(1)shall be/will punished　(2)won’t be put off　(3)is to be published/will be published　(4)is to be held/will be held　(5)is going to/will be discussed ‎2.(1)When will these old buildings be pulled down?‎ ‎(2)I will/shall not be punished by my father for my mistake.‎ ‎(3)I will/shall not be invited to tomorrow’s wedding.‎ ‎(4)Won’t water be turned into ice when it is below freezing?‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.1.The old temple will be put down by the construction workers.‎ ‎2.Almost 100 million yuan will be spent on this programme by the government.‎ ‎3.An English speaking contest shall be held by us next week.‎ ‎4.When we shall have the meeting will be decided soon by him.‎ ‎5.I don’t think the TV set will be replaced by the computer in the near future.‎ ‎6.The mistakes will be corrected by the teacher in the exercises.‎ Ⅱ.1~5.BCCCA　6~9.BCDB Ⅲ.1.will be held　2.will be done　3.will be spent　4.will be built　5.will be built　6.will be made　7.will be planted　8.will be completed　9.will be trained　10.will be sent　11.will be chosen　12.will be encouraged 高考试题链接 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎(2018•广东湛江调研)‎ If you have the opportunity to visit some places in New Zealand，then the list below is our recommendation.‎ Fiordland National Park This park is part of the South Westland World Heritage area and is New Zealand’s largest national park and one of the largest in the world.The scenery in Fiordland is nothing short of extremely beautiful，with steep mountains，wild waterfalls，and abundant rain forests.Being able to come back and forth in its deep bay attracts most of the visitors.‎ The area has some of the world’s great walks including the world famous Milford Track，which was described as the finest walk in the world in the early twentieth century.‎ Abel Tasman National Park Abel Tasman may be New Zealand’s smallest national park，but the attractions are huge.Located in one of New Zealand’s sunniest spots，the area also has the best beaches in the country.‎ The popular Abel Tasman Walk is a great way to see this park.It takes 3－5 days to complete.Sea Taxis are also available and can drop you off at any number of beaches within the park.‎ Rotorua Accessible from New Zealand’s biggest city，Auckland，Rotorua is famous for its volcanic activities.Rotorua is also famous for its plentiful lakes which are great for swimming and fishing.The surrounding area contains plenty of native bushes and some famous walks.‎ Rotorua is also the best area in the country to experience and learn about Maori Culture.‎ Mt Cook National Park Mt Cook as well as the surrounding area is an alpine(高山的) park within the World Heritage listed in South Westland.The biggest peaks in all of Australasia are here.The park doesn’t contain many trees or plants due to the altitude.Walks range from a twohour walk to difficult tracks suitable for experienced mountaineers only.‎ A helicopter or plane ride gives visitors excellent views of the mountains with the option of landing at the top of Tasman Glacier，a true permanent snow covered alpine environment.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要是向游客推荐了四个新西兰的著名旅游景点。‎ ‎21．The most impressive experience in Fiordland National Park may be .‎ A．rock climbs B．forest camps C．water jumps D．boat trips 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据Fiordland National Park部分第一段最后一句“Being able to come back and forth in its deep bay attracts most of the visitors.”可推断出，在这个公园乘船游览可能是最令人印象深刻的体验。故选D。‎ ‎22．If you are interested in folk customs，you can go to visit .‎ A．Fiordland National Park B．Rotorua C．Mt Cook National Park D．Abel Tasman National Park 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Rotorua部分第二段可判断出，如果你对民间习俗感兴趣，你可以去Rotorua体验和学习。故选B。‎ ‎23．If you go to visit Mt Cook National Park，you can .‎ A．view some amazing waterfalls B．enjoy some tropical fruits C．stop on the top of Tasman Glacier D．take walks in various bushes 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，游客在那里可以停留在Tasman Glacier的顶部。故选C。‎ ‎24．What do the four attractions have in common?‎ A．Great beaches.　B．Untouched nature.　C．Pleasant climate.　D．Famous walks.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据Fiordland National Park部分第二段中的“The area has some of the world’s great walks including the world famous Milford Track ...”，Abel Tasman National Park部分第二段中的“The popular Abel Tasman Walk is a great way to see this park.”， Rotorua部分第一段中的“The surrounding area contains plenty of native bushes and some famous walks.”和Mt Cook National Park部分第一段中的“Walks range from a twohour walk to difficult tracks suitable for experienced mountaineers only.”可判断出，这四个旅游景点的共同之处在于都有很著名的徒步旅行路线。故选D。‎ B We love the sea.We swim into it，live near it，build beside it，and even imagine about living under the sea.But we’re terrified of it，too.For much of our history，we have turned to “hard engineering” to control the marine(海洋) environment and manage its influence on us.We build dams，sea walls and channels.But all these efforts seem to fail.The sea has a habit of taking back its own.And we suffer.‎ Johnston，a marine ecologist，is advocating for “blue engineering”—the ‎ marine version of the “green engineering” movement on land that has seen nations like Singapore building the walls and roofs of the concrete jungle with plant life.‎ We are expanding further into the marine environment.This action does harm to marine ecosystems.We’re loving the sea to death，but we’ve not been thinking about the design of structures(建筑物) with respect to ecology.Some coastal structures create shade，which reduces the growth of seaweed.Bright lights at night confuse species such as turtles.That’s why blue engineering comes in.‎ Throughout the world people are starting to turn things around.Researchers with the World Harbour Project are creating tiles(瓦片) similar to the natural structures found on rocky shores with 3D printing technology.These make more attractive homes for marine creatures.Researchers are also actively seeding these tiles with local seaweeds and creatures such as the Sydney rock oyster，which is particularly good at improving water quality.Twelve harbours around the world are taking part in this marine tile experiment，each working with their own unique marine life.‎ It’s far from the days when huge number of old tyres were thrown into the sea to build “artificial reef”(礁石)．Those clumsy early attempts are now costing millions to remove，showing just how far we have yet to go in understanding how best to deal with the underwater world.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了引进“蓝色海洋工程”的原因以及如何实施这一工程。‎ ‎25．What do we know about “hard engineering”？‎ A．It has improved sea environment.‎ B．It can control the influence of sea.‎ C．It has failed to achieve its purpose.‎ D．It makes living under sea impossible.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第一段中的“We build dams，sea walls and channels.But all these efforts seem to fail.The sea has a habit of taking back its own.And we suffer.”可知，“hard engineering”未能达到它的目的。故选C项。‎ ‎26．Which of the following is a form of “blue engineering”？‎ A．Constructing buildings with plant life.‎ B．Expanding into marine environments.‎ C．Creating an artificial reef with old tyres.‎ D．Building structures benefiting sea creatures.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由第四段中的“Researchers with the World Harbour Project are creating tiles(瓦片) similar to the natural structures found on rocky shores with 3D printing technology.”可知，建造对海洋生物有益的结构是“蓝色工程”的一种形式。故选D项。‎ ‎27．What is the writer’s feeling towards the present situation of marine environment?‎ A．Relieved. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Satisfied. D．Disappointed.‎ 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。由第四段第一句及最后一段第一句可推知，作者对海洋环境的现状感到宽慰。relieved宽慰的；doubtful不确定的；satisfied满意的；disappointed失望的。故选A项。‎ C Just a couple of hours ago，I was on the plane，ready to fly home from London.The flight had been delayed by a few hours so it felt good to be so close to takeoff.I had my iPod in place and a new book to read.Then，over the loudspeaker came the pilot’s voice：“The ground crew has found a metal instrument in one tire.We regret that we must cancel this flight.”‎ The passengers’ reactions that announcement led to were interesting.One man close to me began to argue with a flight attendant.A couple in another row complained loudly.A businessman in a black suit actually kicked the seat in front of him.Yet some passengers responded differently.An elderly gentleman smiled as he helped others take their bags down from the overhead compartments(行李厢)．A teenager，rather than trying to rush off the plane like most of the other passengers，stopped to help a woman with a disability.The lady sitting next to me laughed and said，“Hey，it’s not the end of the world，” before she made a call to her kids and shared her adventure with them.The wisest among us have a remarkable ability to maintain grounded when times get tough.‎ No life is perfect；mine certainly isn’t.We all must face challenges，both large and small.You and I have the power to choose to rise above the external circumstances.We always have the choice to be strong and kind when things fall apart.‎ That’s grace under pressure.My seatmate was right—things could have been so much worse.Anyway，I am safe.I have my health.I have two wonderful children.I have work I love and so much to be grateful for.Sure I now have to wait a few hours to catch the next flight home.‎ 语篇解读　作者在本文中讲述了乘务员宣布航班取消时乘客们的不同反应，表达了在应对人生中的挑战和挫折时的正确态度。‎ ‎28．What caused the passengers’ different reactions?‎ A．The loudspeaker. B．The delay of the flight.‎ C．The ground crew’s fault. D．The pilot’s announcement.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The passengers’ reactions that announcement led to were interesting.”可知，是乘务员的通知导致人们的不同反应。故选D。‎ ‎29．Who turned his anger on the seat?‎ A．The teenager helping the disabled.‎ B．The old man taking bags down.‎ C．The man in a dark suit.‎ D．The man close to me.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“A businessman in a black suit actually kicked the seat in front of him.”可知，一个穿黑西服的商人把怒气发泄到座位上。故选C。‎ ‎30．What did the woman sitting next to the author do?‎ A．She assisted a disabled woman.‎ B．She made a phone call to her family.‎ C．She helped others carry their luggage.‎ D．She told moving stories to her children.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The lady sitting next to me laughed and said，‘Hey，it’s not the end of the world，’ before she made a call to her kids and shared her adventure with them.”可知答案。‎ ‎31．What can we learn from the story?‎ A．Our life is full of ups and downs.‎ B．It is natural to be scared under pressure.‎ C．We should help each other in times of difficulty.‎ D．We should be positive and calm when life is hard.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，作者认为，在面对生活中的挫折和困难时，应该保持乐观和冷静的心态。故选D。‎ D ‎(2018•北京)‎ PlasticEating Worms ‎ Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场)，and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.So far there is no effective way to get rid of it，but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.‎ ‎ ‎ Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene，which accounts for 40% of plastics.The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours，and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams，or almost 3% of it.To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown，the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films.14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass—apparently broken down by enzymes(酶) from the worms’ stomachs.Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.‎ Federica Bertocchini，coauthor of the study，says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food—beeswax—also allows them to break down plastic.“Wax is a complex mixture，but the basic bond in polyethylene，the carboncarbon bond，is there as well，” she explains.“The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.”‎ Jennifer DeBruyn，a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee，who was not ‎ involved in the study，says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene.But compared with previous studies，she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting.The next step，DeBruyn says，will be to identify the cause of the breakdown.Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?‎ Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills.But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process—not simply “millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.”‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一项科学发现：一种吃塑料的虫子——大蜡螟，它胃中的酶能够降解塑料，从而为人们解决塑料污染问题提供新的途径。‎ ‎32．What can we learn about the worms in the study?‎ A．They take plastics as their everyday food.‎ B．They are newly evolved creatures.‎ C．They can consume plastics.‎ D．They wind up in landfills.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“...found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene...”和第二句中的“the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams”可知，研究人员在研究中发现大蜡螟蠕虫可以分解塑料中的聚乙烯，显然也可以分解垃圾中的塑料，与选项C中提到的“吃塑料”吻合。‎ ‎33．According to Jennifer DeBruyn，the next step of the study is to .‎ A．identify other means of the breakdown B．find out the source of the enzyme C．confirm the research findings D．increase the breakdown speed 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“The next step...Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)？”可知，接下来人们需要证实的就是酶是从哪里产生的。选项B “查明酶的来源”与此吻合。‎ ‎34．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might .‎ A．help to raise worms B．help make plastic bags C．be used to clean the oceans D．be produced in factories in future 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process—not simply ‘millions of worms...’”可知，研究人员期望在某种工业流程中使用这种化学制品，而不仅仅是把数百万的虫子扔到塑料上。这与选项D中提到的“今后工厂可能生产这种化学制品”吻合。‎ ‎35．What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A．To explain a study method on worms.‎ B．To introduce the diet of a special worm.‎ C．To present a way to break down plastics.‎ D．To propose new means to keep ecobalance.‎ 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。作者通过本文介绍了一项消除塑料垃圾的研究，显然是为人们提供了一条清除塑料垃圾的新途径。选项C与此意吻合。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎(2018•河南调研联考)‎ Solar energy，which comes from the sun’s rays，is used for electricity，hot water，and cooking. 36 When traveling a long way and entering the earth’s atmosphere they become dilute(稀薄的)．Though solar energy is known to be environmentally friendly，it has not only some advantages but also some disadvantages.‎ Let’s start with the simple advantage of solar energy. 37 To make electricity or heat with solar energy you only need the sun’s rays and don’t use oil.Solar energy is cheaper compared with electric heating. 38 If you live in a faraway area where there are no power lines，using solar energy can be the answer.‎ Even though all of the above is very useful，solar energy also has some disadvantages.The main disadvantage of solar energy is that it’s dilute.This means you have to have many solar collectors fixed around your house. 39 Another disadvantage is that solar energy can’t be produced in all the places.If you’re living in a part of this beautiful planet where there is not much sunlight then using solar energy could be a problem.Of course if you live in desert areas，the sun produces much sunshine for the most part of the year and it is ideal for solar energy collecting. 40 Therefore if you need electricity or hot water during the night，like many of us do，it can be a problem.You’ll need battery systems that can store solar energy for later use.‎ A．Solar energy is clean.‎ B．The sun has much energy.‎ C．Lastly，the sun only shines during the day.‎ D．The sun’s rays come from the faraway sun.‎ E．That is another big advantage of solar energy.‎ F．Fixing solar energy in your home is a good choice for you.‎ G．Solar energy may be cheap but the solar collectors are expensive.‎ 语篇解读　文章主要讲述了太阳能的优点和缺点。‎ ‎36．答案　D 解析　根据后一句“When traveling a long way and entering the earth’s atmosphere they become dilute(稀薄的)．”可知，此处表达太阳的射线来自很远的地方。‎ ‎37．答案　A 解析　根据本段的主题句可知此段主要讲述了太阳能的优点。根据后文“you only need the sun’s rays and don’t use oil”可知，此处表达太阳能是清洁的。‎ ‎38．答案　E 解析　根据前一句“Solar energy is cheaper compared with electric heating.”可知，此处讲述了太阳能的另一个优点。‎ ‎39．答案　G 解析　根据本段的主题句可知此段主要讲述了太阳能的缺点。再根据前一句“This means you have to have many solar collectors fixed around your house.”可知，此处表达太阳能虽然便宜，但太阳能接收器则很贵。‎ ‎40．答案　C 解析　根据后一句“Therefore if you need electricity or hot water during the night，like many of us do，it can be a problem.”晚上需要热水和电时，就成了问题。所以此处表达太阳只在白天照射。‎ 第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ While driving around the corner of our townhouse，I always noticed an old man sitting by his front yard.He seemed cold and 41 .One morning，while I was driving past him with my daughter，I decided to 42 him.At the beginning，he looked 43 and looked around—there was 44 there.Then，I saw his hand go up 45 and he waved back shyly.“Why did you wave at him? We don’t 46 him，” my daughter said.‎ I told her that it was just an act of kindness that didn’t 47 anything，and it gave both him and me a sense of 48 .She told me she had thought waving to a stranger was 49 ，but next time she would 50 it.It seemed not bad.‎ Interestingly，we lived close to the old man，so we 51 him rather often.Whenever we drove by，both of us would wave at him and，pretty soon，the old man 52 waving at everyone who passed by his home.‎ One day，my daughter’s friend came to visit and said that she just saw a(n) 53 old man who waved at her in a 54 way.She mentioned that she waved back at him 55 she didn’t know him，and it was really 56 and even made her day.Upon hearing this，my daughter told her the 57 of how all the waving began.Her friend responded，“Tell your mom that’s really 58 ！”‎ Her friend’s response taught my daughter that an act of kindness could be very 59 and effortless if you really wanted to do it.It showed us how giving happiness 60 both the giver and the receiver.‎ 语篇解读　一对母女无意间一个善意的举止——招手，让一个冷漠孤寂的老人变得对人热情起来，并且带动了许多人传递这一善意的举止。‎ ‎41．A.lonely B．funny C．busy D．happy 答案　A 解析　lonely孤独的；funny滑稽的；busy忙碌的；happy 快乐的。他看上去既冷漠又孤独。故选A。‎ ‎42．A.smile at B．turn to C．wave at D．look after 答案　C 解析　smile at朝……微笑；turn to转向；wave at向……挥手；look after照顾。根据下文的“Why did you wave at him？”可知，此处应指“向他挥手”。故选C。‎ ‎43．A.surprised B．excited C．worried D．frightened 答案　A 解析　surprised吃惊的；excited兴奋的；worried担心的；frightened害怕的。开始的时候，他看起来很吃惊，环顾四周——那里没有什么人。故选A。‎ ‎44．A.somebody B．nobody C．grass D．snow 答案　B 解析　somebody某人；nobody没有人；grass草；snow雪。句意见上题。故选B。‎ ‎45．A.bravely B．proudly C．secretly D．slowly 答案　D 解析　bravely勇敢地；proudly骄傲地；secretly 秘密地；slowly缓慢地。然后，我看见他缓慢地抬起手，羞涩地挥手回应。故选D。‎ ‎46．A.like B．understand　C．know D．visit 答案　C 解析　like喜欢；understand理解；know 知道，认识；visit拜访。此处是女儿说：我们不认识他。故选C。‎ ‎47．A.cost B．get C．lack D．mean 答案　A 解析　cost损失，花费；get得到；lack缺少；mean意味着。我告诉她那只是一个善意的举动，并不会损失什么，而且能给我和他一种快乐的感觉。故选A。‎ ‎48．A.importance B．humor C．joy D．relief 答案　C 解析　importance重要性；humor幽默；joy快乐；relief宽慰，减缓。句意见上题。故选C。‎ ‎49．A.interesting B．wonderful C．particular D．embarrassing 答案　D 解析　interesting有趣的；wonderful极好的；particular尤其的；embarrassing尴尬的。她告诉我她以前认为向陌生人挥手是令人尴尬的。故选D。‎ ‎50．A.avoid B．try C．remember D．receive 答案　B 解析　avoid避免；try尝试；remember记得；receive接受。但是下次，她会试试(向陌生人挥手)。故选B。‎ ‎51．A.praised B．called C．helped D．saw 答案　D 解析　praise表扬；call称呼；help帮助；see看到。有意思的是，我们与这位老人住得很近，因此我们能经常看到他。故选D。‎ ‎52．A.started B．suggested C．missed D．forgot 答案　A 解析　start开始；suggest建议；miss思念，错过；forget忘记。不久，这位老人开始向每个经过他家的人挥手。故选A。‎ ‎53．A.rich B．strange C．honest D．clever 答案　B 解析　rich富裕的；strange陌生的；honest诚实的；clever聪明的。一天，我女儿的朋友来玩，说她刚刚看到一位向她友好地挥手的陌生老人。故选B。‎ ‎54．A.special B．normal C．silly D．friendly 答案　D 解析　special专门的；normal正常的；silly无聊的；friendly友好的。此处指“以一种友好的方式向她挥手”。故选D。‎ ‎55．A.in case B．now that C．even though D．as if 答案　C 解析　in case以防；now that既然；even though尽管；as if好像。她说尽管她不认识他，但她还是挥手回应了。故选C。‎ ‎56．A.good B．safe C．necessary D．fair 答案　A 解析　good好的；safe安全的；necessary必要的；fair公平的。此处指女儿的朋友感觉这真的很好，甚至让她很高兴。make one’s day让某人快乐/高兴。故选A。‎ ‎57．A.task B．plan C．joke D．story 答案　D 解析　task任务；plan计划；joke笑话；story故事。我女儿告诉了她这些挥手是如何开始的这个故事。故选D。‎ ‎58．A.different B．cool C．simple D．common 答案　B 解析　different不同的；cool极好的，绝妙的；simple简单的；common普通的。女儿的朋友听完故事后，感觉这样的善意的挥手很棒。故选B。‎ ‎59．A.dangerous B．useful C．natural D．hopeful 答案　C 解析　dangerous危险的；useful有用的；natural自然的；hopeful有希望的。她朋友的回应让我女儿明白，如果你真的想做的话，一个善意之举会是很自然的。故选C。‎ ‎60．A.comforted B．saved　C．controlled D．benefited 答案　D 解析　comfort安慰；save挽救；control控制；benefit使受益。这表明了给予快乐使给予者和接受者都受益。故选D。‎ 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The term “ecofriendly” is used to describe activities which are good for the environment.There are different ways in 61 activities can be eco or environmentally friendly，from producing products in an environmentally friendly way to 62 (make) lifestyle changes that are designed to benefit the environment.‎ People take part in ecofriendly activities because they are 63 (concern) about the health of the environment.Environmental problems first 64 (cause) public consciousness(意识) in the late 1900s，when people realised that their activities were having 65 bad effect on the environment.Pollution，overuse of 66 (nature) resources，and other activities 67 (consider) to be hurting the environment，so people began to look into more environmentally friendly ways 68 (live) as well as do business.‎ It was the belief that investing in green product development would pay off that made many companies make changes. 69 a result，ecofriendly products can be found in many regions of the world today.These products are 70 (usual) made in factories which are environmentally friendly，such as equipment built from recycled materials which are also good for the environment.‎ 语篇解读　本文讲述了由于人们环保意识的增强，一系列有关“环保”的举措及活动应运而生。‎ ‎61．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰ways，且作介词in的宾语，故填which。‎ ‎62．答案　making 解析　考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词to的宾语，且make所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填making。‎ ‎63．答案　concerned 解析　考查固定搭配。be concerned about意为“关心，挂念”。‎ ‎64．答案　caused 解析　考查时态。由in the late 1900s 可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填caused。‎ ‎65．答案　a 解析　考查固定搭配。have a(n) ...effect on ...意为“对……有……的影响”。‎ ‎66．答案　natural 解析　考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰resources，意为“自然的”，故填natural。‎ ‎67．答案　were considered 解析　考查时态和语态。activities与consider之间是被动关系，且由语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填were considered。‎ ‎68．答案　to live 解析　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语修饰ways，way作“方法，途径”讲时后跟带to的不定式作定语，且people与live之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，live所表示的动作尚未发生，故填to live。‎ ‎69．答案　As 解析　考查固定搭配。as a result意为“结果”。‎ ‎70．答案　usually 解析　考查副词。设空处作状语修饰are made，故填副词usually。‎ 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎ Several days ago，mother brought home little cat.I named her “Mimi”．She is black all over.Can you imagine how she looks like？Every morning she gets up early than anyone else.Then she climbs on my bed and wake me up.When we are having our meal，she is often runs under the table and even climbs onto our knees.She seems to be saying，“Let me join you.I want nothing to eat.” Mimi likes to lie on the sunshine.She feels comfortably that way.She looks lovely when doing that.I like Mimi very much so she brings our joy.‎ 答案　‎ ‎ Several days ago，mother brought home ∧a little cat.I named her “Mimi”．She is black all over.Can you imagine howwhat she looks like？Every morning she gets up earlyearlier than anyone else.Then she climbs on my bed and wakewakes me up.When we are having our meal，she is often runs under the table and even climbs onto our knees.She seems to be saying，“Let me join you.I want nothingsomething to eat.” Mimi likes to lie onin the sunshine.She feels comfortablycomfortable that way.She looks lovely when doing that.I like Mimi very much sobecause/as she brings ourus joy.‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ 请根据下列内容写一张100词左右的海报。‎ 全球变暖问题越来越引起人们的关注，它所产生的严重后果也逐渐为人所知。为此，你校学生会特意邀请环保专家来校做讲座，专门就全球变暖问题产生的原因、危害，以及中学生应如何应对全球变暖问题等进行论述，并在演讲结束后回答同学们的提问。‎ 时间：12月20日(星期四)，3：00－5：00 p．m.‎ 地点：大礼堂(auditorium)‎ ‎ 参考范文 ‎ POSTER ‎ A lecture on global warming organized by the Students’ Union of our school will be given in the auditorium on Thursday，December 20，from 3：00 to 5：00 p．m.An expert working for the environment will give a lecture on the causes and harmful effects of global warming. Besides，he will tell us middle school students what we can do with the problem. At the end of the speech，we can ask him any question concerning global warming. All the students in our school are welcomed to attend this lecture.‎ The Students’ Union