【英语】2021届新高考英语一轮复习限时规范练北师大版：选修8Unit23A　Conflict作业 7页

限时规范练45(选修8　Unit 23A)‎ 核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、考古历史的素养能力意识 ‎　限时规范练第90页　 ‎ 一、阅读理解 A High in a valley on the border of Italy and Austria,a young couple went out for a hike.As the hikers made their way across the snow-covered rocks,they found that a human body lay buried in the melting ice.They quickly called the police.Finally,the body was dug out of the ice and sent to a laboratory.In the lab,an archaeologist examined the body and other items that had been found nearby.The study of these items showed that they were over 5,000 years old!‎ The local people were very excited by this news.They called him Otzi because he had been found near the Otztal valley.As news of the iceman spread,people all around the world took an interest.Who was Otzi the Iceman? Where did he come from? How did he live? Why did he die?‎ Scientists have come a long way toward answering these questions.They have learned a great deal from Otzi’s belongings about what life was like 5,000 years ago.They believe that he had a diet made up of grains.By examining his teeth and bones,they believe that he was born in a small village near present-day Bolzano,Italy.‎ Scientists made X-rays of Otzi’s body.They found that Otzi had been in a fight before he died.They believe that he escaped his attackers and fled up the mountain and found a place to rest.He placed all his belongings neatly at his side,and lay down on the ground.He was weak from loss of blood.After some hours had passed,Otzi died.Snow fell,covering his body.For thousands of years,snow fell on the mountain.Otzi became buried deeper and deeper inside the glacier.There he remained until the melting ice exposed him to the hikers.‎ Today,Otzi rests inside an ice case in the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology in Bolzano,Italy.Otzi the Iceman is the oldest human body ever found.Because of Otzi,we can touch the distant past and imagine the lives of our human ancestors.‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。冰人奥茨的发现轰动了全世界,考古学家经过不断研究逐渐揭开了冰人的神秘面纱,带我们回眸远古时代,了解祖先们的生活。‎ ‎1.Who found Otzi?‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.An archaeologist. B.The local people.‎ C.A policeman. D.Two hikers.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As the hikers made their way across the snow-covered rocks,they found that a human body lay buried in the melting ice”可知,一对徒步旅行的夫妇发现了这具遗骸。‎ ‎2.What’s people’s reaction to the discovery?‎ A.Critical. B.Curious.‎ C.Terrified. D.Uninterested.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The local people were very excited by this news”和“people all around the world took an interest”可知,人们对这一发现很好奇。‎ ‎3.Why did it take so many years for Otzi to be found?‎ A.He was buried underground.‎ B.He fell into a hole in the glacier.‎ C.He was covered in snow and ice.‎ D.He was hidden deep in the mountain.‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“For thousands of years,snow fell...exposed him to the hikers”可知答案。‎ B You may normally think you eat food because it’s food,and don’t eat other things,because they’re not.But a look at other cultures will show you that that is not true.“Food behavior is a product of culture,” according to an article by Robert A.Leonard Ph.D.and Wendy J.Saliba,MA,MBA.“Food is an important part of who you are.” It goes on to name different cultures,and how food choices change through generations as immigrants seek acceptance into an American lifestyle.‎ Growing up in a Jewish neighborhood,and being an Irish Catholic,I found my friends’ families served different food than mine.Foods that were never served in my home yet were common in theirs.‎ I read their article just days after attending my fortieth high school reunion,where many of my classmates returned from various parts of the country.The common comment from the out-of-towners was,“I have to get bagels (百吉圈) to bring back for everyone.” Bagels are especially popular in communities with a large Jewish population.When people moved away they realized the bagels they grew up with,are a part of their being.‎ Leonard points out that “Others’ food generally means claiming that they eat what we do not.” And,“Within our own groups,we confirm our membership by preparing and eating certain foods.”‎ This is true within my own family.In working with my Italian-American friends,I have always heard them complain that on Thanksgiving it is not the American customs they find so challenging in managing their weight,it’s the mixing of their Italian customs along with the American.Being Irish,this type of celebration was alien to me,until my Italian sister-in-law joined our family last year.On the first Thanksgiving she hosted,she served both the Italian and American menus.It was then I truly understood the challenges for my Italian-American friends.‎ Many restaurants in New York City are known for having two separate menus.They will offer one menu for the people of their culture that includes their insider foods,and one for the American consumers that does not.‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是夹叙夹议文。人们通常认为饮食习惯取决于个人口味,其实饮食习惯的差异源于不同的文化背景。家乡菜既是一种熟悉的味觉记忆,也是一条连接你与故乡的情感纽带。‎ ‎4.What’s the root of different food behaviors according to Leonard?‎ A.Food taste.‎ B.Certain lifestyles.‎ C.Personal preference.‎ D.Cultural background.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Food behavior is a product of culture”可知,饮食习惯是文化的产物。‎ ‎5.What do the Jewish people feel about bagels?‎ A.They are usually served during festivals.‎ B.They are a part of cultural identity.‎ C.They are a must-have for reunions.‎ D.They are easy to carry.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When people moved away they realized the bagels they grew up with,are a part of their being”可知,犹太人认为百吉圈是他们的一部分。‎ ‎6.What was the author’s last Thanksgiving meal like?‎ A.Traditional. B.Nutritious.‎ C.Mixed. D.Light.‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“she served both the Italian and American menus”可知,作者在去年的感恩节同时吃到了意大利菜和美国菜。‎ ‎7.Why do many restaurants in New York City offer two menus?‎ A.To serve dishes in different languages.‎ B.To offer different cultural food choices.‎ C.To meet the needs of people of different ages.‎ D.To provide different foods for different classes.‎ 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据末段中的“They will offer one menu for the people of their culture that includes their insider foods,and one for the American consumers that does not”可知,很多纽约的餐馆会为美国人和外来移民分别准备一份菜单,以满足他们不同的喜好。‎ 二、七选五 I don’t think I need to tell you that reading is good for you—great for you. 　1　 Sometimes,people do want to read—they’ve got a book at home sitting on the shelf that they fancy—but can never seem to find the time.Well,my friends,this post is for you. ‎ ‎●　2　 ‎ Obviously,to get yourself motivated to read,read something that interests you.Society,animals,philosophy,science,art—whatever you want.If you’re drawn to the book,you’ll be more willing to pick it up and read it.‎ ‎●Have a goal.‎ Some people set radical (激进的) goals for themselves like reading one book a week.Obviously,you don’t have to be as radical as that. 　3　 It’s all up to you.But setting a goal and trying to reach it can give you a focus that’ll help you get the job done. ‎ ‎●　4　 ‎ If you’re determined,use every possible moment.On the bus.On the subway.On your lunch break.When you’re at the gym.You won’t regret it,I promise!‎ ‎●Just start.‎ Sometimes the thing preventing us from reading is our own mind.Our mind will make up all kinds of excuses not to do something.Not get out of bed.Not clean the house.Not shower.And in this case,not read.The trick to bypassing (避开) this mental block is to just pick up the book and read! 　5　 Once you start reading,it’s quite difficult to stop! ‎ A.Reading is a pleasure.‎ B.Have a reading partner.‎ C.Read whenever you can.‎ D.Unfortunately,most people don’t read.‎ E.Don’t pour too much thought into the action.Just do it.‎ F.When you set a goal,letting yourself down isn’t really a big deal.‎ G.You can start by reading a book a month,or a book every two months even.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了四条让你每天多些阅读时间的小窍门。‎ ‎1.D　由下文说有的人想读书却不找时间读可知,虽然读书好处很多,但大多数人并不读书。‎ ‎2.A　由下文的“read something that interests you”和“If you’re drawn to the book,you’ll be more willing to pick it up and read it.”可知,读书应该是一种乐趣。‎ ‎3.G　由本段小标题“Have a goal”和下文的“It’s all up to you.”可知,设定一个读书目标,用一个月读完一本书还是两个月读完,由你自己决定。‎ ‎4.C　C项的“Read whenever you can.”与下文的“use every possible moment”相呼应。‎ ‎5.E　E项中的“Just do it”与本段小标题“Just start”和下文的“Once you start reading,it’s quite difficult to stop”相呼应。‎ 三、语法填空 Xia Gui is known today as one of China’s greatest masters of landscape painting.Most of his landscapes 1. (do) in shades of black,but a few had light washes of colour 2.　　　　　 (add) to them.Xia was probably an official court painter to both the Emperor Ningzong and the Emperor Lizong of the Song Dynasty.If this is true,we can draw a 3.　　　　　(conclude) that he lived from about the end of the 12th century to the beginning of the 13th century. ‎ Together 4.　　　　　 his friend and fellow artist Ma Yuan,Xia founded the Ma-Xia school of painting.This group followed a 5.　　　　　 (tradition) painting style.Their paintings are very simple,with few happenings in the landscape and few details.By 6. (show) only selected features,such as distant mountains and twisted trees,they aimed 7.　　　　　 (create) a feeling of unlimited space and quiet atmosphere.The Ma-Xia school had 8.　　　　　 great influence on later artists. ‎ Most of Xia’s surviving works are album leaves.These were 9. (unusual) square-shaped,and some were glued onto fans.Xia was also a master at creating works on the hand scroll ‎ (卷轴).These are rolls of paper 10.　　　　　 are viewed by unrolling the scroll from one end to the other.The effect is like a continuous imaginary journey through the scenery of nature. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎1.were done　考查一般过去时的被动语态。landscapes与do之间是被动关系,且由语境可知此处用一般过去时,故填 were done。‎ ‎2.added　考查过去分词做定语的用法。设空处做定语,add与colour之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且add所表示的动作已完成,故填added。‎ ‎3.conclusion　考查名词。draw a conclusion意为“得出结论”。‎ ‎4.with　考查介词。together with表示“和……一起”。‎ ‎5.traditional　考查形容词做定语的用法。设空处在此做定语修饰名词painting style,故填traditional。‎ ‎6.showing　考查动词-ing形式做宾语的用法。by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”。‎ ‎7.to create　考查不定式做宾语的用法。aim to do sth.意为“目的是做某事”。‎ ‎8.a　考查不定冠词。have a great influence on ...意为“对……有很大的影响”。‎ ‎9.unusually　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词,故填unusually。‎ ‎10.that/which　考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词rolls of paper,且在从句中做主语,故填that/which。‎