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类别
课标要点
重
点
单
词
1. adj.抽象的,深奥的 2. adj. 直的
3. adj. 典型的 adv. 直,直接
4. n. 细节,详情 5. n. 特征,特色
6. n. 朝代,王朝 7. n. 目的,意图
8. n. 式样;模式 9. n. 字,字体
10. n. 租金 11. n. 慈悲,怜悯,同情心
12. adj. 狭窄的 13. n. 想像,想像力
14. n. 展览会 15. n. 诗(总称)
16. adj. 贵重的,有价值的 17. adv. 优美地
18. vt. 强调 19. adj. 宗教的,虔诚的
20. n. 结论;结束
abstract
straight
typical
detail
feature
dynasty
purpose
pattern
character
rent
mercy
narrow
imagination
exhibition
poetry
valuable
elegantly
emphasise
religious
conclusion
常
用
短
语
1. 注视,凝视
2. 有几分地
3. 追溯到
4. 试用,试验
5. 屏住呼吸
6. 以高速
7. 陷入沉思
8. 迄今为止
9. 在……的另一边
10. 梦想
fix one’s eyes on
sort of
date back (to)
try out
hold one’s breath
at high speed
be deep in thought
so far
on the other side of
dream of
典
型
句
式
1.Qi Baishi was China’s greatest .齐白石是中国最伟大的画家之一。
2.Qi Baishi’s style of painting often the audience and makes them use their imagination.
齐白石的绘画风格常常给观赏者留出运用想像力解读其内涵的余地。
3. a small garage for the car...出门往后院走有一间小车库……
4. the temple,visitors can enjoy the grounds outside....
除了寺庙外,游客们还可以欣赏外面的建筑,……
5.And we’re make it our school’s best-ever wallboard with your help.
在你的帮助下,我们决定让它成为我们学校最好的墙报。
one of
painters
leaves
guessing
Out back is
Besides
determined to
add vt.& vi.加;增加,增添;补充(说),继续说
add...to...把……加上(在)……
add to (increase)增添,增进
add up (to)加起来是
add sth.up/together把……加起来
Will you please add a few notes to the article?
请你给这篇文章加一些注释好吗?
She added that she’d like to see me happy.
她补充说她希望看到我快乐。
add to增添(进),后面接增加的事物作宾语,而add up to总计达,后面总是接数目(字)。
His whole school education added up to no more than one year.
他所接受的学校教育加起来仅有一年的时间。
1.The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather________the helplessness of the crew at sea.
A.added to B.resulted from
C.turned out D.made up
【解析】 add to增加,增添;result from因……引起,起因于;turn out结果/证明是,生产,制造;make up构成,编造,组成,化妆。B、C、D不合题意。句意为:船上的发动机坏了,天气不好更增加了船上全体工作人员在海上的无助。
【答案】 A
ruin vt.毁坏,毁灭;n.毁坏;破产;pl.废墟
ruin oneself毁掉自己
come/go to ruin毁灭;崩溃
bring sb.to ruin使某人破产
in ruins成为废墟
After the storm,the whole city lies in ruins.
暴风雨过后,整个城市成为一片废墟。
That mistake ruined his chance of getting the job.
那个错误断送了他得到这份工作的机会。
If she loses the court case,it will ruin her.
如果败诉,她就完了。
damage,destroy与ruin用法比较:
(1)damage损坏,意味着损坏后的价值或效率降低,一般是部分性的。
(2)destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”,常含“不能或很难修复”的意思。
(3)ruin指逐渐地“毁坏”。
They have destroyed all the evidence.他们销毁了一切证据。
The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at $60 million.地震造成大约6 000万美元的损失。
The empire came to ruin in the 16th century.
这个帝国在16世纪灭亡。
2.The terrible earthquake caused great________to the people living in Sichuan Province in May,2008,leaving lots of them homeless.
A.destroy B.damage
C.ruin D.wound
【答案】 B
purpose n.目的,意图;效果,结果
for the purpose of...
为了……目的(目的能否实现还不知道)
with the purpose of...目的是……(暗示能实现的事情)
achieve/accomplish/fulfill a purpose达到目的
answer/serve one’s purpose符合某人的需要
on purpose故意 地
I met him for the purpose of telling him the news.
我是为了告诉他这个消息才见他的。
We have found a meeting place that will serve our purpose.
我们找到了一个很合适的会址。
与on purpose同义或意义相反的短语有:
by design故意地
by accident偶然地;无意地
by chance偶然地;意外地
He has been annoying me and I think he is doing it on purpose.
他一直让我很烦,我想他是故意那样做的。
3.—Look!The telephone is broken.Someone damaged it________purpose.
—That may be right.But perhaps it was broken________accident.
A.on;by B.by;by
C.on;on D.by;on
【答案】 A
4.They pulled down the old buildings for the________of making room for the newly-built motorway.
A.purpose B.meaning
C.face D.use
【答案】 A
dream n.& v.梦想
realize one’s dream实现梦想
(one’s dream) come true=be realized (梦想)实现
turn...into reality/realities使……成为现实
achieve one’s aim实现自己的目标
We will realize our hopes.我们一定要实现我们的愿望。
After years of hard work,his dream to be a doctor finally came true.经过多年的努力工作,他成为医生的梦想终于实现了。
dream a...dream做了一个……梦
dream about/of (doing) sth.梦想(做)……
dream that+从句,梦想……
Ever since middle school,I have dreamed of taking a bike trip.
从中学时代起,我就梦想搞一次自行车旅游。
5.When I won all that money,it was as if all my dreams________.
A.have realized
B.had come true
C.had been come true
D.have been turned into realities
【解析】 come true不能用于被动语态;根据句意判断,此处应用虚拟语气。
【答案】 B
surround vt.包围,环绕,围绕(surroundings n.环境)
be surrounded with/by...被……环绕/包围
in a surrounding area在周围地区
be situated/located in very pleasant surroundings
处于优美的环境中
He lives in a small village with high mountains surrounding it.
他住在一个四周高山环绕的小村庄。
surroundings,condition与environment用法比较:
(1)surroundings作为“环境”,用复数形式,主要指周围的物质环境或自然环境。
(2)condition的复数形式conditions可表示“环境,情况”,但它主要是抽象意义上的。
(3)environment作“环境”讲时,是集合名词单数,既可表示抽象概念也可表示具体意义,其前有adj.修饰时,也可与a/an连用,包括周围环境、外界、自然环境、社会环境等。
As a child,I was surrounded by love and kindness.
幼年时我备受关爱。
In the surrounding countryside in England,crop circles still appear today.在英格兰,麦田怪圈在今天依然出现在周边的农村里。
The buildings have been designed to blend in with their surroundings.这些建筑物设计巧妙,与周围环境浑然一体。
The government has been trying to improve people’s housing conditions.政府一直在努力改善人们的住房条件。
6.用surround,condition与environment正确形式填空:
(1)She was sitting on the floor________by books.
(2)An unhappy home________can affect a child’s behaviour.
(3)The plants grow best in cool,damp________.
【答案】 (1)surrounded (2)environment (3)conditions
conclusion n.结论;结果
in conclusion最后,在结束时
bring...to a conclusion使……结束
come to the conclusion that...所得的结论是…
I reached the conclusion that he’d been lying.
我断定他一直在说谎。
conclude v.推断出;结束时说;达成;缔结。conclude作及物动词时,可接名词、动词不定式或从句作宾语。
conclude sth.from sth.从某事推断出/得出结论
conclude sth.by/with sth./by doing sth.
以……结束/终止(某事)
conclude sth.(with sb.)(与某人)缔结条约
to conclude最后(作结束语时用)
He concluded his speech with a joke.
他以一个笑话结束了他的演讲。
We concluded not to go.我们决定不去。
The police concluded that he must be the murderer.
警察断定他一定是杀人凶手。
He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home.
他讲话结束时祝大家回家一路平安。
7.完成句子
________________________________________________________________(你能从证据中得出什么结论) you’ve heard?(conclusion)
【答案】 What conclusions can you draw from the evidence
pain n.痛苦,疼,痛
be at pains to do sth.小心翼翼地做某事;费尽苦心做某事
(be) in pain疼痛,在苦恼中
have a pain in the leg/back etc.腿/背等疼
spare no pains (to do sth.)不遗余力,全力以赴
take pains (to do sth.)尽力;费事;下功夫
with great pains煞费苦心 地
She was clearly in a lot of pain.她显然疼痛万分。
He educates his children with great pains.
他煞费苦心地教育他的子女。
She was at great pains to stress the advantages of the new system.她极力强调新制度的优点。
pain,ache与hurt用法比较:
这三个词都可用来表示“疼痛”。
(1)ache表示“(持续而隐隐的)疼痛”,作为名词常出现在复合词中,如toothache,headache,stomachache等;
(2)hurt用做动词时,可指人体某一部位由于外界原因而感到疼痛,也可表示某一物体给人体某一部位带来疼痛,另外还可表示使某人精神痛苦,伤某人的心,伤某人的感情。作名词时,意为“(对感情造成的)伤害,痛苦”。
(3)pain常用做名词,既可用做可数名词,也可用做不可数名词,间或也可用做动词,通常指暂时的“剧痛”;当pain指精神上的痛苦时常用做不可数名词;但当指肉体上的疼痛、痛苦时,既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词;当用做“辛苦,努力,操心,费力”解时,常用其复数形式。
I was rather hurt by what they said about me.
他们说我的那些话使我很难过。
8.The old couple took________to earn more money for their disabled son.
A.a pain B.pain
C.pains D.painful
【答案】 C
detail n.细节,详情
go into detail/details叙述详情
full/further details详情
have an eye for detail善于注意到细微之处
I won’t go into further details.
我不愿作进一步的详述。
Don’t forget to start with the details,while keeping an eye on the big items.不要忘了要从大处着眼,小处入手。
in detail详细地
Can you describe the plan in detail?
你能详细地描述一下这个计划吗?
9.完成句子
(1)Study the contract________________(详细地) before signing.
(2)For____________(更多详情),please contact the personnel department.
【答案】 (1)in detail (2)further details
besides prep.& adv.除……以外(还有);此外
in addition (to)除……以外(还有)
apart/aside from除……之外(还有)
other than除……之外;与……不同
as well as除……之外还
but for若非;要不是……的 话
But for your help,I couldn’t have passed the exam.
要不是你帮忙,我考试不可能及格。
What other subjects do you study besides maths?
除了数学以外,你还学什么课程?
except prep.除……以外
except sb./sth.=but除……以外(常与nobody,nothing等连用)
except for 只是……(肯定整体后,修饰细节)
except that/when+从句,除了……
I had nothing on except for my socks.
我除了短袜什么都还没穿。
Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.
除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班。
10.用beside,except正确形式填空:
(1)We all succeed________Tom,so he is also glad.
(2)We all succeed________Tom,so he is very sad.
(3)Your article is quite good________there are several spelling mistakes.
(4)Your article is quite good________several spelling mistakes.
【答案】 (1)besides (2)except (3)except that
(4)except for
compare v.& n.比较
compare...with/to把……与……比较
compare...to把……比做……
compare notes交换意见
beyond (without) compare无与伦比
in (by) comparison with与……比较起来
Compare this with that,and you will see which is better.
把这个和那个比较一下,你就可以看出哪个更好。
We often compare children to flowers of our country.
我们经常把孩子比做祖国的花朵。
compared to/with和……比较(过去分词作状语,常放句首或句尾)
Compared to many people,she was really very fortunate.
和很多人相比,她的确很幸运。
11.________with many women,she was indeed very fortunate.
A.Compared B.Comparing
C.To compare D.Comparison
【答案】 A
value vt.重视;估价;评价;n.价值;价格
value sth.at ($)估……价为
be of value (to)对……有价值=be valuable (to)
put great value on sth.认为……十分有意义
The house has been valued at £42,000.
这房子估价为四万二千英镑。
I’ve always valued your friendship (advice).
我一向珍重你的友谊(重视你的意见)。
You’ll find this map of great value in helping you get around London.你会发现这张地图对帮助你在伦敦游玩大有用处。
valueless (=worthless) adj.无价值的;没有用的
invaluable (=priceless) adj.贵重的;无价的
This is a priceless treasure.这是无价之宝。
The drawing is of no value;it is worthless.
这画没有价值,它没有用。
12.He thought the painting was of little________,so he let me have it for only ten pounds.
A.cost B.value
C.price D.expense
【解析】 value价值,指事物本身的价值;cost价格,成本,指用来支付购买某种商品的费用;price价格,价钱,指人为规定的某种商品的价格;expense花费,指金钱、时间、精力等的花费。
【答案】 B
determine v.决定;决心
determine sth.决定;限定;支配
determine to do sth.(动作)决心做……
determine on/upon (doing) sth.决心(做)某事
determine that+从句,决定……
be determined to do sth.(状态)决心做……
a determined look坚定的表情
a man of determination有决断力的 人
Her encouragement determined me to carry on with the work.
她的鼓励使我决心把这项工作继续下去。
I am determined to go and nothing will stop me.
我决心要去,什么也拦不住我。
decide (to do) sth.决定(做)某事
decide on/upon (doing) sth.决心(做)某事
decide+从句,决定;决心
make up one’s mind决心;决定
They have made up their minds to leave tonight.
他们决定今晚离开。
13.He left the place,________never to come back.
A.determined B.to determine
C.being determined D.having determined
【解析】 determined为形容词,作状语。
【答案】 A
fix one’s eyes on注视,凝视
close/shut one’s eyes to不理会
give sb.the eye向某人抛媚眼/送秋波
have an eye for...对……有判断力
in the eyes of sb.在某人的心目中,在某人看来
keep an eye on照看,照管;密切注视着
look sb.in the eye直视某人
open one’s eyes to...使某人看清…
Please keep an eye on the baby.请照看一下这个婴儿。
I won’t be able to look him in the eye if I lie.
我要是撒谎,我就不能直视他的眼睛。
focus/concentrate on集中于……
pay attention to注意……
Please concentrate on your words when writing.
写作时请注意用词。
14.完成句子
女孩坐在窗边,眼睛注视着窗外的人。
The girl sat beside the window with________________________________the people outside.
【答案】 her eyes fixed on
try out试验,试用
try out for sth.参加某事的选拔
try for试图得到
try on试穿
try one’s best尽某人最大的努力
The director is trying out some actors for the new film.
导演正在让一些演员试演这部新影片。
They tried out for the football team.
他们参加了足球队员的选拔赛。
try doing与try to do用法比较:
try doing试着做某事
try to do尽力/努力做某事
If you can’t work out the problem in this way,try using another method.如果你用这种方法算不出这道题,就试着用另一种方法解决。
15.完成句子
他们正在老鼠身上试用一种新药。
They are________________a new medicine on rats.
【答案】 trying out
date back to追溯到……
date back to (date from)=have existed since...
自(某时代)存在至今
date a letter在书信上写日期
fix a date for 确定……的日期
out of date (n.)=unfashionable
过时;陈旧;不再流行
up to date (n.)=modern现代;最 新
Will denim jeans ever be out of date?粗布牛仔裤会过时吗?
She wears clothes that are right up to date.
她穿着最时新的衣服。
The house dates back to the seventeenth century.
这房子是十七世纪建造的。
What’s the date today?今天是几号?
What day is (it) today?今天星期几?
16.The old buildings possibly________the Ming Period.
A.are dated back to B.date from
C.dates back to D.are dated from
【解析】 “追溯到”常译作date from (date back to)。由the old buildings可知,谓语应用复数形式。
【答案】 B
sort of (=some what) 有点;有几分
sort out 整理好;挑出
sort (out) from...把……从……中挑出来
of this/that sort这/那一类的
out of sorts情绪不好;身体不适;烦躁
We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones.
我们必须把好苹果从坏苹果中挑出来。
This movie was sort of disappointing.
这部电影有点令人失望。
sort,kind与type表“种类”用法比较:
(1)sort和kind的用法是相同的,只是kind较正式,sort则多用于口语和商业用语,另外,sort有时含有轻蔑的意味。
(2)问某物属于哪一种类时常见的结构是:What kind/sort of...?
(3)a kind/sort/type of car都可以表示“一种/类车”,而type侧重外观“样式”,含“风格”之意。
How did you get this sort of idea into your head?
你头脑中怎么会产生这种(怪)主意?
Her beauty was of another type.
她的美丽是另外一种风格。
17.Whenever he goes to a place of interest,he always buys souvenirs,like medals,shells and that________of things.
A.kind B.type
C.sort D.patten
【解析】 that sort of things那一类的东西。kind 种类,以颜色和特点进行分类;type型号,种类,多指机械分类;sort模糊,笼统的分类,a sort of sth.含有轻蔑,不严肃的语意。
【答案】 C
I wish I could have bought a painting,but they are too expensive for me!
我希望我能买一幅画,但是它们对于我来说太贵了!
wish后接that从句时,从句中的谓语动词一般要用过去时态,表示虚拟语气。如果表达的愿望与现在事实不符,用一般过去时,be动词用were;如果与过去事实不符,用过去完成时;如果与将来事实不符,用过去将来时。
I wish it were a nightmare.但愿那只是一场恶梦。
I wish I had never met him.但愿我从未见过他。
I wish you would not smoke any more.希望你别再抽烟。
wish sb.+n./adj.祝愿……
wish to do sth.想做某事
wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事
I wish you success/good luck.祝你成功/好运。
I wish you well/happy.祝你健康/幸福。
She always wishes to be a teacher when she grows up.
她希望长大后当老师。
I wish you to work hard at your English.
我希望你在英语上多作努力。
18.How I________that I could fly like a bird!
A.hope B.wish
C.expect D.want
【解析】 虚拟语气句。
【答案】 B
Why don’t you...?你为何不……?
Why don’t we/you...?=Why not do...?
为何不……?(表建议)
Why do...?为何要……? (表责备)
Why don’t we invite Mary to come with us?
我们为什么不邀请玛丽一块来?
Why not just wear a flower?只戴朵花不行吗?
Why have a rest here?It’s so noisy.
为什么要在这里休息?太乱了。
How/What about (doing) sth.?(做)……怎么样?
=How do you like/find...?=What do you think of...?
What/How about taking a walk after supper?
晚饭后散散步好吗?
19.Why________go home last weekend?
A.not B.don’t
C.don’t you D.didn’t you
【解析】 根据时间状语last weekend可知,句子应用过去时态。
【答案】 D
Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.
齐白石的绘画风格常常给观赏者留出运用想像力解读其内涵的余地。
leave sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事
注意leave的复合结构:
leave+宾语+adj.使……处于某种状态
leave sb.to do sth.留下某人做某事
leave sth.to be done留下某事要被做
leave+宾语+名词 使……成为……
His parents died in the accident,leaving him an orphan.
他的父母在事故中死去了,留下他成了一个孤儿。
leave的相关短语:
leave behind忘了带;将某人抛在后面;落后
leave out省去;遗漏;不考虑
leave...alone丢下……不管;不理会
leave for前往某地
leave off使停止;从……中去掉
Don’t leave me out.请不要忘了我。
He left my name off the list.
他将我的名字从名单上划掉了。
20.—What’s wrong with you,Jane?
—Oh,dear,I have________my keys in the office.
A.forgotten B.been forgotten
C.lost D.left
【答案】 D
21.—Any suggestion?
—You’d better________last sentence as it is rather misleading.
—Sounds reasonable.Then could you________a good ending to it?
A.put out;increase B.leave out;add
C.pick out;find D.knock out;choose
【答案】 B
22.In copying this paper,be careful not to________any words.
A.leave behind B.leave aside
C.leave off D.leave out
【答案】 D
It’s finally our turn to do the wallboard in the school hall!
最后轮到我们做学校礼堂的墙板了!
It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事
注意和turn有关的其他句型和短语:
wait one’s turn等着轮到某人
in turn依次,轮流;反过来
by turns轮流地,交替地
It’s your turn to clean the blackboard.
轮到你擦黑板了。
Mary and Helen took turns looking/to look/at looking after their sick mother.玛丽和海伦轮流照看她们生病的母亲。
The teacher asked us to take turns to ask him questions.
老师要求我们轮流问他问题。
turn out结果是
turn in上交;交出;上床睡觉;拐入
turn down拒绝;关小;调低
turn up出现;到达;调高;拧大
Unexpectedly the weather turned out pretty nice that day.
出乎意料之外,那天天气特别好。
23.—What did you think of the concert given by the famous Hong Kong singer?
—Not so good.In fact,it________to be a great disappointment.
A.turned up B.turned in
C.turned down D.turned out
【答案】 D
Out back is a small garage for the car we don’t own yet...后面是一个小车库,而我们还没有车……
副词置于句首用倒装语序。
倒装结构——英语的正常语序是“主语+谓语”,即主语在前,谓语在后。有时由于句子结构的需求或表示强调,就要采取倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语前称为完全倒装。完全倒装常用于“here (there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语”的句型中,或以out,in,up,down,away,off等副词开头的句子里。
Out ran a dog!跑出一只狗来!
Here comes the bus.汽车过来了。
There goes the bell for class.上课铃响了。
Now comes your turn.现在该轮到你了。
There are 60 students in our class.
我们班有60名学生。
注意:代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。
Here he comes.他过来了。
当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,也常常引起全部倒装。
South of the city lies a big steel factory.
城南有一座大钢厂。
From the valley came a frightening sound.
从山谷中传来可怕的声音。
24.—Where’s my knife?
—________.
A.Here is it B.Here it is
C.Is it here D.Is here it
【答案】 B
25.(2009年福建卷)For a moment nothing happened.Then________all shouting together.
A.voices had come B.came voices
C.voices would come D.did voices come
【解析】 句意为:那会儿,什么都没发生。之后大家一起欢呼起来。本题考查倒装句型,副词then,away,out,in等置于句首,且主语是名词时,主谓要全部倒装。
【答案】 B
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