【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2TheOlympicGames学案(1) 13页

Unit 2　The Olympic Games ‎[话题单词]‎ ‎1．applaud v. 鼓掌 ‎2．influence n．&v. 影响 ‎3．lack n．&v. 缺乏 ‎4．fitness n. 健康 ‎5．championship n. 锦标赛 ‎6．event n. 事件，大事 ‎7．champion n. 冠军 ‎8．athlete n. 运动员 ‎9．coach n. 教练员 ‎10．judge n. 裁判 ‎11．cheer v．/n. 欢呼，喝彩 ‎12．ground/field n. 场地 ‎13．medal n. 奖章；勋章；纪念章 ‎14．stadium n. 运动场、体育场 ‎15．tennis n. 网球 ‎[话题短语]‎ ‎1．a close game势均力敌的比赛 ‎2．break the record打破纪录 ‎3．international sports events国际体育赛事 ‎4．physical exercise体育锻炼 ‎5．physical strength体力 ‎6．National Games全国运动会 ‎7．gold medal金牌 ‎8．Field Events田赛 ‎9．mark a historic time标志一个历史时刻 ‎10．set a new world record创新世界纪录 ‎11．become the pride of the nation成为国家的骄傲 ‎12．participate in the bidding campaign参加申办活动 ‎13．take part in a key warmup game参加热身赛 ‎14．reach the standard for international games 达到国际体育标准 ‎15．watch a volleyball/badminton game 观看排球(羽毛球)比赛 ‎[话题佳句]‎ ‎1．There is a famous saying：“Life lies on exercise.”‎ 有一句谚语：“生命在于运动”。‎ ‎2．Sports and games are also very useful for charactertraining.‎ 体育运动还有利于品格的培养。‎ ‎3．Some people seem to think that sports and games are unimportant things that people do at times when they are not working.‎ 有些人似乎认为体育运动不是什么重要的事情，只是人们在不干活的时候才去做的。‎ ‎4．Exercises will fill your life with various contents and make it more colorful and wonderful.‎ 体育锻炼会使你的生活很充实，同时也让你的生活变得丰富多彩。‎ ‎5．Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation that almost all can enjoy.‎ 体育运动可能是几乎所有的人都可享受的最大众化的娱乐形式。‎ ‎6．But in fact sports and games can be of great value，especially to people who work with their brains most of the day.Therefore，they should not be treated only as amusements.‎ 但实际上，体育运动对人们益处很大。特别是对那些一整天从事脑力劳动的人来说，更是这样。因此不能把它们单纯看成是娱乐。‎ ‎[佳作背诵]‎ 假如你是张华，你的外国朋友Tom给你写了一封信，谈了他观看残奥会(the Paralympic Games)的感想。请你结合以下要点用英语给他写一封回信，和他交流一下你观看残奥会后的感受。要点如下：‎ ‎1．残奥运动员乐观向上的生活态度值得我们学习；‎ ‎2．残奥运动员顽强拼搏的精神值得我们钦佩；‎ ‎3．作为健康人，我们更应该珍惜这种幸运，热爱生活。‎ ‎[佳作欣赏]‎ Dear Tom，‎ I’m very glad to receive your letter. You said you were deeply touched by those players’ excellent performance while watching the Paralympic Games. So was I.‎ At first, I was moved by the disabled players’ optimistic attitude towards life. Although they are not as healthy as normal people, they still love life wholeheartedly. They try to realize their dreams by doing sports. In order to win the games, they have to work much harder than ‎ healthy people. However, they never give up. That is what we should learn from them.‎ Being healthy people, we are so lucky and we should cherish what we own and try our best to live a meaningful life. Don’t you think so?‎ Yours，‎ Zhang Hua 一．高考单词→识记·思考·运用 ‎1．核心词汇 ‎①host vt.做东；主办；招待 n．主人 ‎②fine vt.罚款 ‎③charge vt. & vi.收费；控诉 n．费用；主管 ‎④bargain vi.讨价还价；讲条件 n．便宜货 ‎⑤deserve vi. & vt.应受；值得 ‎⑥replace vt.取代；替换；代替 replacement n．代替，替换 ‎⑦compete vi.比赛；竞争 competitor n．竞争者 competition n．比赛；竞争 competitive adj.竞争的，有竞争性的 ‎⑧admit vt. & vi.容许；承认；接纳 admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费 ‎⑨advertise vt. & vi.做广告；登广告 advertisement n．广告 ‎2．常考词汇 ‎①foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的 ‎②medal n．奖章；勋章；纪念章 ‎③nowadays adv.现今；现在 ‎④pain n．疼痛；痛苦 painful adj.痛苦的，(肉体)疼的 ‎⑤magical adj.巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的 magic n．巫术；魔术 ‎⑥regular adj.规则的；定期的；常规的 regularly adv.规则地；定期地；常规地 ‎⑦athlete n．运动员；运动选手 athletics n．体育运动；竞技 ‎⑧responsibility n．责任；职责 responsible adj.有责任心的 ‎⑨swift adj.快的；迅速的 swiftly adv.快速地 ‎⑩physical adj.物理的；身体的 physics n．物理；物理学 physician n．医生，医师；内科医生 用所给单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Benjamin was forced to_admit (admit) what he had been doing.(2017·浙江卷)‎ ‎2．These advertise (advertisement) the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)‎ ‎3．Taylor’s swift (swiftly) action helped her teammates calm down.(2017·北京卷)‎ ‎4．We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20，half of what it used to_charge (charge)．(2017·江苏卷)‎ ‎5．I want to prove that I can be just as good as my competitors (compete)．(2016·北京卷)‎ ‎6．You can produce that kind of magical (magic) quality in your own garden，too.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)‎ ‎7．Even chimp mothers regularly (regular) decline to share food with their children.(2016·江苏卷)‎ ‎8．Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility (responsible), independence, confidence and competence.(2016·天津卷)‎ ‎9．Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical (physics) world in this way.(2016·浙江卷)‎ ‎10．Tall poles，placed in large training areas，teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful (pain) but undeadly electric shock.(2016·北京卷)‎ ‎❶含serve的必备动词一览 ‎①deserve应受，值得 ‎②observe观察；遵守 ‎③preserve保存，保藏 ‎④reserve保留；预定 ‎⑤conserve保存；保护 ‎❷后缀less构成的常考形容词集锦 ‎①careless粗心的 ‎②hopeless无望的 ‎③doubtless无疑的 ‎④helpless无助的 ‎⑤restless不安的 ‎⑥homeless无家可归的 ‎❸词形相近词对比记 ‎①medal n．奖牌 ‎②modal n．模型，典型 ‎③metal n．金属 ‎④mental adj.心理的 ‎❹ive结尾的形容词集锦 ‎①active活泼的 ‎②instructive有教育意义的 ‎③predictive预言性的 ‎④productive多产的 ‎⑤protective防护的 ‎⑥relative有关的 ‎⑦representative代表的 ‎⑧restrictive限制的，约束的 二．重点短语→识记·思考·运用 ‎1．动词＋介词/副词 ‎①stand for代表；象征；表示 ‎②pick up拾起；捡起；用车接某人 ‎2．动词＋名词＋介词 ‎①take the place of代替……‎ ‎②play a role in在……起作用 ‎③make a bargain with与……达成协议 ‎④take part in参加；参与 ‎3．其他形式 ‎①in charge主管；看管；负责 ‎②apart from除了 ‎③as well也；又；还 ‎④one after another一个接一个地 ‎⑤as a matter of fact事实上 用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空 ‎1．He made_a_bargain_with his wife，“You do the shopping and I will cook.”‎ ‎2．But Sarah, who has_taken_part_in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ ‎3．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand_for specific letters of the alphabet.(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎4．Please wait at the school gate. John will pick you up there.‎ ‎5．Apart_from some spelling mistakes，the composition is fairly good.‎ ‎❶“动词＋for”短语小结 ‎①run for竞选 ‎②ask for要求得到 ‎③wait for等候 ‎④long for渴望 ‎⑤stand for代表，表示 ‎⑥hope/wish for希望得到 ‎⑦care for关心，喜欢 ‎⑧beg for乞求 ‎❷“动词＋out”短语荟萃 ‎①break out爆发 ‎②work out计算出；理解；解决；锻炼 ‎③point out指出 ‎④pick out挑选出 ‎⑤figure out算出，理解 三．佳句选粹——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通 背原句 学句型 练仿写 ‎1.No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!‎ 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！‎ ‎“nor/neither＋情态动词/助动词/系动词be＋主语”构成倒装句型。‎ 你不能取消这个合同，我也不能。‎ You can’t cancel the contract，nor/neither_can_I.‎ ‎2.Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and...‎ 妇女不仅允许参加比赛，而且她们还在体操、田径和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……‎ not only...but (also)．..“不仅……而且……”，用来连接并列成分。‎ 一方面，这不仅有助于我们强身健体，而且反过来有助于更高效地学习。‎ For one thing, it not_only_helps_to_build_up_our_physical_health，but_also helps us learn more efficiently in turn.‎ ‎3.This is important because the ‎ ‎“the＋比较级(...)，‎ 一般说来，一个运动员在赛前训 more you speak English, the better your English will become.‎ 这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语水平就越高。‎ the＋比较级(...)”意为“越……就越……”。‎ 练得越刻苦，他/她获胜的可能性就越大。‎ Generally speaking, the harder an athlete trains before a match, the_more_possible_he/she_will_win.‎ compete vi.竞争；比赛 ‎(1)compete in 参加(比赛，竞争)‎ compete with/against sb.和某人对抗 compete for sth.为了……而竞争 ‎(2)competition n．比赛 be in competition with...与……竞争 ‎(3)competitive adj.有竞争力的 ‎(4)competitor n．比赛者；对手 ‎①(教材原句)How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games?‎ 有多少国家参加古代奥运会？‎ ‎②Life is like a long race where/in which we often compete with others to go beyond ourselves.‎ 人生就像长跑比赛，在这场比赛中我们常常在与他人的竞争过程中来超越自我。‎ ‎③As the youngest competitor (compete)，I had to_compete (compete) in the writing contest against 20 other top students for the annual writing award.I must be very competitive (compete) to be the winner.‎ 作为最年轻的比赛者，我必须和另外20个顶尖的学生在写作比赛中去竞争以争得这场年度的写作奖。要成为获胜者，我必须有很强的竞争力。‎ ‎④单句语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to_compete (compete)．‎ admit vt.‎&vi.容许；承认；接纳；容纳 ‎(1) ‎(2) ‎(3)admission n．进入；许可；入场券；承认 ‎①(教材原句)Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.‎ 只有达到该比赛项目规定水平的运动员才被允许参加比赛。‎ ‎②He had to admit having_made (make) a serious mistake in public.‎ 他不得不当众承认犯了一个严重的错误。‎ ‎③He works very hard in order to get himself admitted (admit) into/to a key university.‎ 他为了让自己能被重点大学录取而刻苦学习。‎ ‎④单句语法填空(2017·天津卷)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted (admit) that I hadn’t.‎ charge vt.‎& vi.收费；控诉；充电 n．费用；主管 ‎(1) ‎(2) ‎(3)free of charge免费 ‎①(教材原句)．..duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong.‎ 所负担的责任以及事情出错后会陷入的麻烦。‎ ‎②(牛津P320)He was_charged (charge) with murder，which surprised us all.‎ 他被指控犯有谋杀罪，这使我们非常吃惊。‎ ‎③The restaurant charged us $ 40 for the wine.‎ 这家餐厅收了我们40英镑的酒水钱。‎ ‎④单句语法填空(2017·江苏卷)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20，half of what it used to_charge (charge)．‎ deserve vi.& vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得 ‎(1)deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意 deserve to do 应该做 deserve doing/to be done 应该/值得(被)做 ‎(2)罪有应得 ‎①(教材原句)Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race?‎ 你认为希波墨涅斯应该赢吗？‎ ‎②What comes first is to keep an open mind，because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration/to_be_considered/considering (consider)．‎ 首先要保持一个开放的心态，因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。‎ deserve后接名词或doing sth.，常用主动形式表示被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动语态，该用法与want，need，require相同。‎ take part in 参加；参与 take part vi.支持 take part with sb.支持某人，袒护某人 take an active part in 积极参加 participate in 参加，参与 play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色 ‎①(教材原句)Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games?‎ 谁不能参加古代奥运会？‎ ‎②China is_playing (play) a more important part in the international affairs.‎ 中国正在国际事务中起着更重要的作用。‎ ‎③To_join (join) the Party，he took (take) an active part in a variety of activities.‎ 为了入党，他积极参加各种活动。‎ ‎　take part in/join/join in/join sb.in doing sth./attend take part in 指参加群众性的活动、会议等并在其中发挥作用 join 指加入党派、组织、团体，成为其中一员 join in 指参加一些大规模活动，如球赛、游戏等 join sb.in ‎ doing sth.‎ 指和某人一起做某事，join的宾语可以是人，也可以是组织、团体 attend 多指参加大型的集会活动，如会议、婚礼、典礼、报告、上学等。另外还有“照顾、照料”之意 ‎[填一填]‎ ‎①Since you have no time，you need not attend the tea party.‎ ‎②If Jim took_part_in the Talent Show，he’d win it for sure.‎ ‎③—I wonder if you have known Dr.Jackson for a long time.‎ ‎—Yes，since he joined the golf club.‎ ‎④Would you like to join us in the discussion tomorrow?‎ as well 也；又；还(常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用)‎ ‎(1)as well as意为“既……又；也，又”，可连接两个并列成分，强调其前面的内容，因此连接并列主语时，谓语应与前边的主语保持人称和数的一致。‎ ‎(2)as well as被看作复合介词，后接名词、代词、动名词、形容词、介词短语等；as well as表示“除……之外”时，相当于besides，in addition to。‎ ‎(3)as well as也可以是well的同级比较结构，表示“和……一样好”。‎ ‎(4)may/might as well do sth.＝had better do sth.最好做某事；做……倒也无妨。‎ ‎①(教材原句)For each Olympics，a special village is built for them to live in，a main reception building，several stadiums for competitions，and a gymnasium as well.‎ 每届奥运会都要建一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)让参赛的人住，一个主接待楼、几个比赛用的体育场及一个体育馆。‎ ‎②(2016·北京卷)New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.‎ 新的经历经常意味着冒险，因此你的大脑也要提高冒险的承受力。‎ ‎③The teacher as well as his students is(be)going to plant trees tomorrow.‎ 和学生一样，这位老师明天也去植树。‎ ‎④单句语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well (good) as beauty.‎ stand for 代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；忍受 stand sth./doing sth.忍受(做)某事 stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观 stand out 突出；显眼；杰出 stand on one’s own feet 自立；不依靠他人 stand against 靠在……上；抵抗；反抗 ‎①(教材原句)What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?‎ 奥运旗上的五环代表什么？‎ ‎②I won’t stand for being_treated (treat) like a child.‎ 我不会容忍把我当孩子对待。‎ ‎③Her bright clothes always make her stand out in a crowd.‎ 她那鲜艳的衣服总是使她在人群中很显眼。‎ ‎④Children should learn to_stand (stand) on their own feet rather than just depend on their parents.‎ 孩子要学会自立而不是仅仅去依靠父母。‎ ‎⑤单句语法填空(2017·江苏卷)As a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.‎ No other countries could join in，nor_could slaves or women!‎ 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！‎ 句型“nor/neither＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“也不”，相当于either 用于否定句。‎ ‎(1)“neither/nor/so＋系动词(情态动词或助动词)＋主语”是一个倒装句型，表示前面的情况也适用于后者，so用于肯定场合，neither/nor用于否定场合。‎ ‎(2)如果前句有两个分句，谓语部分不同，或者既有肯定又有否定，要用so it is with...或It’s the same with...句型。‎ ‎(3)如果表示对前面的内容的进一步肯定，则要用“so＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词”意为“……的确是这样”。‎ ‎(4)“主语＋do/did/does＋so”表示“某人这样做了”，本结构中的助动词不能改为be或情态动词。‎ ‎①(教材原句)He isn’t a doctor，and nor/neither is his brother.‎ 他不是医生，他哥哥也不是。‎ ‎②If you go to school early tomorrow，so shall I.‎ 如果明天你早点去学校，我也早去。‎ ‎③Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States.So it_was with Jane./It was the_same with Jane.‎ 玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。‎ ‎④The doctor asked her to eat more vegetables，and she_did so.‎ 医生让她多吃蔬菜，她就这样做了。‎ ‎⑤—He came to school late yesterday.‎ ‎——他昨天上学迟到了。‎ ‎—So he_did.‎ ‎——他确实迟到了。‎ I lived in what_you_call“Ancient Greece”and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.‎ 我生活在你们称之为“古希腊”的地方，我过去也经常写有关很久以前奥运会的情况。‎ what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作call的宾语，“Ancient Greece”作宾补。what用作代词，在意义上译法非常灵活，它可以指 ‎“……的东西＝the thing(s)/something that...”‎ ‎“……的人＝the person that/who...”‎ ‎“……的时间＝the time that...”‎ ‎“……的地点＝the place that...”等；在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语，相当于定语从句中的“先行词＋关系代词”。‎ ‎①He drove at what I thought was a dangerous speed.‎ 他以我认为危险的速度开车。‎ ‎②After a long journey，they came to what was_called(call)“Gebi Desert”‎ 长途跋涉之后，他们来到了被称之为“戈壁滩”的地方。‎ ‎③(2015·安徽卷)A ship in harbor is safe，but that’s not what ships are built for.‎ 船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。‎ ‎④单句语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)What is well－known to us all is that China is a country with a long history .‎ There’s as_much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.‎ 国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。‎ as...as...像……那样，正如。第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。第二个as可以是连词，引导让步状语从句；也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。‎ ‎(1)as＋adj./adv.＋as...像……一样……‎ ‎(2)as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...和……一样……‎ ‎(3)as many/much as...与……一样多，多达……‎ ‎(4)as＋many/much＋n.＋as...和……一样多的……‎ ‎(5)否定句式：not as/so...as...意为“不如……”。‎ ‎(6)．..times as＋adj./adv.＋as...“是……的几倍”表达倍数的词必须置于比较结构之前。‎ ‎①She is not as young as she was.‎ 她不如从前那么年轻了。‎ ‎②She spends twice_as_much money on clothing as I(do)．‎ 她花在衣服上的钱是我花的两倍。‎ ‎③I have as_many books as you have.‎ 我和你的书一样多。‎ ‎④Tom is as hardworking a boy as his brother.‎ Tom是和他弟弟一样努力的孩子。‎ ‎⑤单句语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When the studio didn’t want me for the film—it wanted somebody as wellknown as Paul—he stood up for me.‎